Date post: | 17-Jan-2016 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | randolph-potter |
View: | 213 times |
Download: | 0 times |
UNIT ABiological Diversity
Skill Practice Graph Assignment
Are Jasperrsquos Wolves in Danger ndash page 6 ndash Note Toolbox 7 ndash pp 492 ndash 494
plot the data from the chart onto a line or bar graph on the graph paper provided
Section 10
Biological Diversity is Reflected in the Variety of Life on EarthShes Alive Beautiful Finite
Group Thinkhellip
Diversity of life on Earth
Brainstorm and come up with a way to illustrate and explain biological diversity as it occurs
Group 1 ndash Between Ecosystems
Group 2 ndash Within Ecosystems
Group 3 ndash Between species
Group 4 ndash Within Species
The world harbors an incredible diversity of life formsMost communities of life forms are characteristic to particular parts of earth eg tropical regions will have different life forms than polar regions
bullTraditionally natural forces caused extinctions but recently they are increasingly being brought about by the influences of humansbullAs a result the variety of genetic material on our planet is decreasing
Section 11 Examining Diversity
BIO LOGY
life or living things the study of
Before we begin
What is Biology anyways
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY refers to the variety of organisms on Earth
Conditions for lifeAll living things
- are made of cells
- need energy to live
- grow and develop
-reproduce
-have adaptations that suit them to their environment
-respond to their environment
-are made of CHON (carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen)
-produce wastes
-exchange gases
Adaptations - features that increase an organismrsquos chances of surviving and reproducing in a particular environment
1 Diversity between EcosystemsEcosystem ndash an environment where living (biotic) organisms interact with the non-living (abiotic) components
Q List 6 biotic factors-
List 6 abiotic factors-
Ecosystems around the world show tremendous diversity
Q Compare and Contrast the biotic and abiotic factors in the two ecosystems at the bottom of page 9 of the text
An ecosystem can have a wide variety of communities within it
2 Diversity within ecosystems
Population ndash Group of an individual species which frequent a common specific area and share the same food habitat and types of mating partners
Community ndash populations of different species that live together in the same area essentially the entire biotic component of an ecosystem
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Skill Practice Graph Assignment
Are Jasperrsquos Wolves in Danger ndash page 6 ndash Note Toolbox 7 ndash pp 492 ndash 494
plot the data from the chart onto a line or bar graph on the graph paper provided
Section 10
Biological Diversity is Reflected in the Variety of Life on EarthShes Alive Beautiful Finite
Group Thinkhellip
Diversity of life on Earth
Brainstorm and come up with a way to illustrate and explain biological diversity as it occurs
Group 1 ndash Between Ecosystems
Group 2 ndash Within Ecosystems
Group 3 ndash Between species
Group 4 ndash Within Species
The world harbors an incredible diversity of life formsMost communities of life forms are characteristic to particular parts of earth eg tropical regions will have different life forms than polar regions
bullTraditionally natural forces caused extinctions but recently they are increasingly being brought about by the influences of humansbullAs a result the variety of genetic material on our planet is decreasing
Section 11 Examining Diversity
BIO LOGY
life or living things the study of
Before we begin
What is Biology anyways
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY refers to the variety of organisms on Earth
Conditions for lifeAll living things
- are made of cells
- need energy to live
- grow and develop
-reproduce
-have adaptations that suit them to their environment
-respond to their environment
-are made of CHON (carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen)
-produce wastes
-exchange gases
Adaptations - features that increase an organismrsquos chances of surviving and reproducing in a particular environment
1 Diversity between EcosystemsEcosystem ndash an environment where living (biotic) organisms interact with the non-living (abiotic) components
Q List 6 biotic factors-
List 6 abiotic factors-
Ecosystems around the world show tremendous diversity
Q Compare and Contrast the biotic and abiotic factors in the two ecosystems at the bottom of page 9 of the text
An ecosystem can have a wide variety of communities within it
2 Diversity within ecosystems
Population ndash Group of an individual species which frequent a common specific area and share the same food habitat and types of mating partners
Community ndash populations of different species that live together in the same area essentially the entire biotic component of an ecosystem
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Section 10
Biological Diversity is Reflected in the Variety of Life on EarthShes Alive Beautiful Finite
Group Thinkhellip
Diversity of life on Earth
Brainstorm and come up with a way to illustrate and explain biological diversity as it occurs
Group 1 ndash Between Ecosystems
Group 2 ndash Within Ecosystems
Group 3 ndash Between species
Group 4 ndash Within Species
The world harbors an incredible diversity of life formsMost communities of life forms are characteristic to particular parts of earth eg tropical regions will have different life forms than polar regions
bullTraditionally natural forces caused extinctions but recently they are increasingly being brought about by the influences of humansbullAs a result the variety of genetic material on our planet is decreasing
Section 11 Examining Diversity
BIO LOGY
life or living things the study of
Before we begin
What is Biology anyways
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY refers to the variety of organisms on Earth
Conditions for lifeAll living things
- are made of cells
- need energy to live
- grow and develop
-reproduce
-have adaptations that suit them to their environment
-respond to their environment
-are made of CHON (carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen)
-produce wastes
-exchange gases
Adaptations - features that increase an organismrsquos chances of surviving and reproducing in a particular environment
1 Diversity between EcosystemsEcosystem ndash an environment where living (biotic) organisms interact with the non-living (abiotic) components
Q List 6 biotic factors-
List 6 abiotic factors-
Ecosystems around the world show tremendous diversity
Q Compare and Contrast the biotic and abiotic factors in the two ecosystems at the bottom of page 9 of the text
An ecosystem can have a wide variety of communities within it
2 Diversity within ecosystems
Population ndash Group of an individual species which frequent a common specific area and share the same food habitat and types of mating partners
Community ndash populations of different species that live together in the same area essentially the entire biotic component of an ecosystem
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Group Thinkhellip
Diversity of life on Earth
Brainstorm and come up with a way to illustrate and explain biological diversity as it occurs
Group 1 ndash Between Ecosystems
Group 2 ndash Within Ecosystems
Group 3 ndash Between species
Group 4 ndash Within Species
The world harbors an incredible diversity of life formsMost communities of life forms are characteristic to particular parts of earth eg tropical regions will have different life forms than polar regions
bullTraditionally natural forces caused extinctions but recently they are increasingly being brought about by the influences of humansbullAs a result the variety of genetic material on our planet is decreasing
Section 11 Examining Diversity
BIO LOGY
life or living things the study of
Before we begin
What is Biology anyways
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY refers to the variety of organisms on Earth
Conditions for lifeAll living things
- are made of cells
- need energy to live
- grow and develop
-reproduce
-have adaptations that suit them to their environment
-respond to their environment
-are made of CHON (carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen)
-produce wastes
-exchange gases
Adaptations - features that increase an organismrsquos chances of surviving and reproducing in a particular environment
1 Diversity between EcosystemsEcosystem ndash an environment where living (biotic) organisms interact with the non-living (abiotic) components
Q List 6 biotic factors-
List 6 abiotic factors-
Ecosystems around the world show tremendous diversity
Q Compare and Contrast the biotic and abiotic factors in the two ecosystems at the bottom of page 9 of the text
An ecosystem can have a wide variety of communities within it
2 Diversity within ecosystems
Population ndash Group of an individual species which frequent a common specific area and share the same food habitat and types of mating partners
Community ndash populations of different species that live together in the same area essentially the entire biotic component of an ecosystem
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
The world harbors an incredible diversity of life formsMost communities of life forms are characteristic to particular parts of earth eg tropical regions will have different life forms than polar regions
bullTraditionally natural forces caused extinctions but recently they are increasingly being brought about by the influences of humansbullAs a result the variety of genetic material on our planet is decreasing
Section 11 Examining Diversity
BIO LOGY
life or living things the study of
Before we begin
What is Biology anyways
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY refers to the variety of organisms on Earth
Conditions for lifeAll living things
- are made of cells
- need energy to live
- grow and develop
-reproduce
-have adaptations that suit them to their environment
-respond to their environment
-are made of CHON (carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen)
-produce wastes
-exchange gases
Adaptations - features that increase an organismrsquos chances of surviving and reproducing in a particular environment
1 Diversity between EcosystemsEcosystem ndash an environment where living (biotic) organisms interact with the non-living (abiotic) components
Q List 6 biotic factors-
List 6 abiotic factors-
Ecosystems around the world show tremendous diversity
Q Compare and Contrast the biotic and abiotic factors in the two ecosystems at the bottom of page 9 of the text
An ecosystem can have a wide variety of communities within it
2 Diversity within ecosystems
Population ndash Group of an individual species which frequent a common specific area and share the same food habitat and types of mating partners
Community ndash populations of different species that live together in the same area essentially the entire biotic component of an ecosystem
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
bullTraditionally natural forces caused extinctions but recently they are increasingly being brought about by the influences of humansbullAs a result the variety of genetic material on our planet is decreasing
Section 11 Examining Diversity
BIO LOGY
life or living things the study of
Before we begin
What is Biology anyways
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY refers to the variety of organisms on Earth
Conditions for lifeAll living things
- are made of cells
- need energy to live
- grow and develop
-reproduce
-have adaptations that suit them to their environment
-respond to their environment
-are made of CHON (carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen)
-produce wastes
-exchange gases
Adaptations - features that increase an organismrsquos chances of surviving and reproducing in a particular environment
1 Diversity between EcosystemsEcosystem ndash an environment where living (biotic) organisms interact with the non-living (abiotic) components
Q List 6 biotic factors-
List 6 abiotic factors-
Ecosystems around the world show tremendous diversity
Q Compare and Contrast the biotic and abiotic factors in the two ecosystems at the bottom of page 9 of the text
An ecosystem can have a wide variety of communities within it
2 Diversity within ecosystems
Population ndash Group of an individual species which frequent a common specific area and share the same food habitat and types of mating partners
Community ndash populations of different species that live together in the same area essentially the entire biotic component of an ecosystem
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Section 11 Examining Diversity
BIO LOGY
life or living things the study of
Before we begin
What is Biology anyways
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY refers to the variety of organisms on Earth
Conditions for lifeAll living things
- are made of cells
- need energy to live
- grow and develop
-reproduce
-have adaptations that suit them to their environment
-respond to their environment
-are made of CHON (carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen)
-produce wastes
-exchange gases
Adaptations - features that increase an organismrsquos chances of surviving and reproducing in a particular environment
1 Diversity between EcosystemsEcosystem ndash an environment where living (biotic) organisms interact with the non-living (abiotic) components
Q List 6 biotic factors-
List 6 abiotic factors-
Ecosystems around the world show tremendous diversity
Q Compare and Contrast the biotic and abiotic factors in the two ecosystems at the bottom of page 9 of the text
An ecosystem can have a wide variety of communities within it
2 Diversity within ecosystems
Population ndash Group of an individual species which frequent a common specific area and share the same food habitat and types of mating partners
Community ndash populations of different species that live together in the same area essentially the entire biotic component of an ecosystem
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
BIO LOGY
life or living things the study of
Before we begin
What is Biology anyways
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY refers to the variety of organisms on Earth
Conditions for lifeAll living things
- are made of cells
- need energy to live
- grow and develop
-reproduce
-have adaptations that suit them to their environment
-respond to their environment
-are made of CHON (carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen)
-produce wastes
-exchange gases
Adaptations - features that increase an organismrsquos chances of surviving and reproducing in a particular environment
1 Diversity between EcosystemsEcosystem ndash an environment where living (biotic) organisms interact with the non-living (abiotic) components
Q List 6 biotic factors-
List 6 abiotic factors-
Ecosystems around the world show tremendous diversity
Q Compare and Contrast the biotic and abiotic factors in the two ecosystems at the bottom of page 9 of the text
An ecosystem can have a wide variety of communities within it
2 Diversity within ecosystems
Population ndash Group of an individual species which frequent a common specific area and share the same food habitat and types of mating partners
Community ndash populations of different species that live together in the same area essentially the entire biotic component of an ecosystem
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY refers to the variety of organisms on Earth
Conditions for lifeAll living things
- are made of cells
- need energy to live
- grow and develop
-reproduce
-have adaptations that suit them to their environment
-respond to their environment
-are made of CHON (carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen)
-produce wastes
-exchange gases
Adaptations - features that increase an organismrsquos chances of surviving and reproducing in a particular environment
1 Diversity between EcosystemsEcosystem ndash an environment where living (biotic) organisms interact with the non-living (abiotic) components
Q List 6 biotic factors-
List 6 abiotic factors-
Ecosystems around the world show tremendous diversity
Q Compare and Contrast the biotic and abiotic factors in the two ecosystems at the bottom of page 9 of the text
An ecosystem can have a wide variety of communities within it
2 Diversity within ecosystems
Population ndash Group of an individual species which frequent a common specific area and share the same food habitat and types of mating partners
Community ndash populations of different species that live together in the same area essentially the entire biotic component of an ecosystem
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Conditions for lifeAll living things
- are made of cells
- need energy to live
- grow and develop
-reproduce
-have adaptations that suit them to their environment
-respond to their environment
-are made of CHON (carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen)
-produce wastes
-exchange gases
Adaptations - features that increase an organismrsquos chances of surviving and reproducing in a particular environment
1 Diversity between EcosystemsEcosystem ndash an environment where living (biotic) organisms interact with the non-living (abiotic) components
Q List 6 biotic factors-
List 6 abiotic factors-
Ecosystems around the world show tremendous diversity
Q Compare and Contrast the biotic and abiotic factors in the two ecosystems at the bottom of page 9 of the text
An ecosystem can have a wide variety of communities within it
2 Diversity within ecosystems
Population ndash Group of an individual species which frequent a common specific area and share the same food habitat and types of mating partners
Community ndash populations of different species that live together in the same area essentially the entire biotic component of an ecosystem
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Adaptations - features that increase an organismrsquos chances of surviving and reproducing in a particular environment
1 Diversity between EcosystemsEcosystem ndash an environment where living (biotic) organisms interact with the non-living (abiotic) components
Q List 6 biotic factors-
List 6 abiotic factors-
Ecosystems around the world show tremendous diversity
Q Compare and Contrast the biotic and abiotic factors in the two ecosystems at the bottom of page 9 of the text
An ecosystem can have a wide variety of communities within it
2 Diversity within ecosystems
Population ndash Group of an individual species which frequent a common specific area and share the same food habitat and types of mating partners
Community ndash populations of different species that live together in the same area essentially the entire biotic component of an ecosystem
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
1 Diversity between EcosystemsEcosystem ndash an environment where living (biotic) organisms interact with the non-living (abiotic) components
Q List 6 biotic factors-
List 6 abiotic factors-
Ecosystems around the world show tremendous diversity
Q Compare and Contrast the biotic and abiotic factors in the two ecosystems at the bottom of page 9 of the text
An ecosystem can have a wide variety of communities within it
2 Diversity within ecosystems
Population ndash Group of an individual species which frequent a common specific area and share the same food habitat and types of mating partners
Community ndash populations of different species that live together in the same area essentially the entire biotic component of an ecosystem
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
An ecosystem can have a wide variety of communities within it
2 Diversity within ecosystems
Population ndash Group of an individual species which frequent a common specific area and share the same food habitat and types of mating partners
Community ndash populations of different species that live together in the same area essentially the entire biotic component of an ecosystem
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Population ndash Group of an individual species which frequent a common specific area and share the same food habitat and types of mating partners
Community ndash populations of different species that live together in the same area essentially the entire biotic component of an ecosystem
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Species ndash organisms with the same basic structures
- members must have the ability to interbreed and produce viable offspringSome organisms within a species may look quite different due to
age (puppies vs dogs)life cycle stage (caterpillar Vs butterfly or tadpole vs frog)gender (bull vs cow)
3 Diversity Within Species
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
There are subtle variations between individuals of any populationThis is called genetic diversityEach variation is a result of differences within the genetic material in the cells of the organismsSome genetic variations are visible while others are notEx Visible- bill shape wing span fur colour
Not visible- Blood type
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
All three of these bears are American Black Bears The one in the middle shows a recessive pigment variation that accounts for her light fur colour She is not an albino or a polar bear The other two bears are her cubs This specific genetic variation is found only in central coast of British Columbia
A Female Kermode bear and her cubs
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
4 Species Distribution
Species are distributed unevenly throughout the worldThe greatest diversity of species is found in tropical regions close to the equatorAs you move away from the equator species diversity decreases greatly
QWhy do you think that is
QCoral reefs are called the ldquoamazon of the oceansrdquo Why See p15
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Classifying Biological DiversityCarolus Linnaeus developed ldquobinomial nomenclaturerdquo which is a ldquotwo namerdquo system for naming plants and animals
bullGenus is capitalized species is not and both are italicized or underlinedbullEx Homo sapien
(humans)Scientistous renoundous
bullAll plants and animals are named using Genus then species names
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Organisms are grouped according to the physical structure of the speciesClosely related species might have the same Genus name ( eg Cats = Felis ) but will have different Species names ( domesticus tigris leo )
Felis domesticus Felis tigris Felis leo
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Latin is the common language of Science
WHY
Because Latin is a ldquodead languagerdquo it is no longer evolving and no country uses it as their language
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
The 5 Kingdom System
scientists classify all living things into 5 kingdoms
Animalia (Animals)Plantae (Plants)Fungi (Yeasts moulds and mushrooms)Protista (Mostly single celled organisms)Monera (Bacteria)
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
The five kingdoms are further divided as followsKingdomPhylumClass Order Family GenusSpeciesClassify the wolf (see p13)
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
KingsPlayChess On Fine GreenSilk
Remember it this Way
KingPaulCameOverForGoodSpagetti
OR
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Pop Quiz (donrsquot worry itrsquos not for marks)
1 What are the five kingdoms of living things
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
1 What are the five kingdoms of living thingsAnimalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera
2 What are the 7 main categories used to classify living things
KingdomPhylumClass OrderFamilyGenusSpecies
the 5 kingdoms5 kingdoms
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Classification of Humans
K ndash Animalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash Chordata (we have a spinal chord)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash Mammalia
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash Primates (includes monkeys and apes)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash Hominidae (the great apes chimpanzees orangutans gorillas and humans)
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash Homo
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Classification of Humans
K ndash AnimaliaP ndash ChordataC ndash MammaliaO ndash PrimatesF ndash HominidaeG ndash HomoS ndash sapiens
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Common Name Red Fox
Taxonomy
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)Phylum Chordata (Possess a basic backbone)Class Mammalia (Mammals)Order Carnivora (Possess true canine teeth)Family Canidae (Dogs)Genus Vulpes (from Latin meaning fox)Species Vulupes vulpes
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
read p 9-15Do Check and Reflect
p15 1 ndash 7 and 9
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Section 12 Interdependence
Interdependence relates to how each species depends on many other species in its environmentA classic example is the predator-prey relationship that exists in the multitude of food chainswebs in the world
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Q How does a predator-prey relationship maintain a healthy ecosystem
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Interdependence is also apparent in shelter required by animals nesting sites and processes like pollination and decompositionA number of relationships called symbiotic relationships or symbiosis show the methods by which one organism impacts anotherThese include
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
1 Commensalism - one benefits there is no harm to the other
Ex Bird nest in tree barnacle on whales
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
2 Mutualism - both benefitEx lichen is a combination of two organisms a fungus and an algae
fungus prevents dehydration algae photosynthesizes food
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
3 Parasitism ndash one benefits the other is harmed
Ex Tapeworms obtain nutrients at the expense of the host
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
There is one type of interaction in which neither species benefitsInterspecies competition - when two or more species need the same resource This type of relationship limits the size of the populations of competing species
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Niches A niche is the role of an organism within a particular ecosystem An organismrsquos niche includes
1048707 What it eats
1048707 What eats it
1048707 Itrsquos habitat
1048707 Nesting site range and habits
1048707 What effect it has on the other populations
1048707 What effect it has on the environment
A niche for a particular organism can change depending on the environment in which it is located and the organisms with which it inter-relates
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
In order for organisms to live successfully with each other in an area (co-habitate) they must have slightly different rolesThis is in part accomplished by a process called resource partitioning
ex The resources an organism requires are obtained from slightly different areas or at different times or in different ways
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
For example these five species of Warblers coexist even though they all feed on spruce bud worms because their preferred feeding locations are slightly different
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Now read p16-19 andDo Check and Reflect p19 1-4
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Section 13 Variation within Species
Variation within a population of a single species is called variability Variability is important if the environment changes (suddenly or drastically) Greater variation increases the likelihood some of the individuals within that species will survive when there is changeChanges could include cold heat drought predators disease or food elimination
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Red Fox Coat Variation
bullExamples of variability include 1048707 Red fox (color of coat) 1048707 Antibiotic resistance (bacteria) 1048707 Banded snail (color of shell)
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Banded Snail Shell Color Variation
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Natural selection bull Factors in the environment determine
or lsquoselectrsquo which individuals within a species will survive
bull If they live long enough to reproduce those individuals with adaptations for survival will pass these characteristics on to their offspring
Q Give an example of how variability can help survival of the fox p21
bull Peppered Moth Simulator
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
Do Variation in the human hand activity p21
bull Do Protective Coloration and Survival Lab p22
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7
bull Read p 20-24bull Do Check and Reflect p 24 1-5 bull And Section Review p25 1-3 and 5-7