A Report On

Urban Redevelopment

Course No. URP 216

Course Title: Urban Planning Techniques

Submitted To:

Rokshana Binta Samad

Assistant Professor, Department of Urban and Regional Planning

Md. Rabiul Islam

Assistant Professor, Department of Urban and Regional Planning

Submitted By:

Student ID: 1405006,1405012,1405018,1405019,1405029&1205026

05 February 2017

Department of Urban and Regional Planning

Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology Chittagong-4349

Copyright Notice:

All rights reserved. No part of this report may be reproduced in any form or by any means

without permission from the publisher.

Printed in Bangladesh

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Acknowledgements

We would like to express profound gratitude to our guide Rokshana Binta Samad & Md.

Rabiul Islam for their invaluable support, encouragement, supervision and useful suggestions

throughout this report work. Their moral support and continuous guidelines enabled us to

complete our work successfully.

Last but not the least, we are thankful and indebted to all who helped us directly or indirectly in

completion of this report work.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgements….…………...……………………….……iii

1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………….01

1.1 Background of the Study………………………………………………………....01

1.1.1 Conditions or problems for which redevelopment becomes necessary...….02

1.2 Goals & Objectives of the study………………………………………………….02

1.2.1 Goals………………………………………………………………………..02

1.2.2 Objectives…………………………………………………………………..03

1.3 Scopes of Urban Redevelopment………………………………………………..03

1.3.1 Scopes for the Community…………………………………………………03

1.3.2 Scopes for the Local Government………………………………………….03

2. Indicators of Redevelopment………………………………………………………...05

2.1 Construction……………………………………………………………………...05

2.2 Rehabilitation…………………………………………………………………….07

2.3 Relocation……………………………………………………………………......08

3. Local Study of Redevelopment………………………………………………………10

3.1 Hasan Market……………………………………………………………………..10

3.2 Shakhari Bazar…………………………………………………………………...11

4. International Study of Redevelopment………………………………………………..14

4.1 The River District, Portland, Oregon……………………………………………..14

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4.2 El Paso, Texas…………………………………………………………………….15

4.3. Brooklyn Developments, Jacksonville, Florida…………………………………..16

4.4 Discovery Green, Houston, Texas…………………………………………………17

4. 5. South Works/Chicago Lakeside Project, Chicago, Illinois……………………….18

5. Specific Eligible Redevelopment Activities Which May Support Historic

Preservation………………………………………….…………………………………19

6. Methodology of the Study……………………………………………………………...24

6.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………24

6.2 Problem Statement………………………………………………………………….24

6.3 Literature Review…………………………………………………………………...24

6.4 Field Investigation…………………………………………………………………..25

6.5 Data Collection………………………………………………………………………25

6.6 Data Analysis………………………………………………………………………..26

6.7 Justifying Study Goal ……………………………………………………………….27

6.8 Proposals……………………………………………………………………………..27

6.9 Recommendation…………………………………………………………………….28

6.9 Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………..28

7. References………………………………………………………………………………..30

Chapter 01: Introduction

1.1 Background of the study:

Redevelopment means re-using and improving real estate in a neighborhood or city by adding or

rehabilitating buildings, making more marketable properties. Often the term is used when

something ugly or outmoded is demolished or at least substantially reconfigured to make way for

the new.

Redevelopment is not just constructing buildings; It ensures that residents of a community are

empowered to improve their quality of life and environment as a result of sound planning practices.

Redevelopment is typically perceived as the physical placement and regulation of land uses and

structures. However, redevelopment goals should also incorporate other aspects of community

development such as design, preservation of historic assets, public spaces, promotion of

environmental justice, environmental remediation and even issues that enhance the level of social

services provided to neighborhood residents.

Urban redevelopment involves the relocation of businesses, the demolition of structures, the

relocation of people, and the use of eminent domain (government purchase of property for public

purpose) as a legal instrument to take private property for city-initiated development projects. This

process is also carried out in rural areas, referred to as village renewal, though it may not be exactly

the same in practice (Chigbu, 2012)

In some cases, redevelopment may result in urban sprawl and less congestion when areas of cities

receive freeways and expressways.(Lobbia, 1999)

Urban redevelopment has been seen by proponents as an economic engine and a reform

mechanism, and by critics as a mechanism for control. It may enhance existing communities, and

in some case result in the demolition of neighborhoods.

Many cities link the revitalization of the central business district and gentrification of residential

neighborhoods to earlier urban renewal programs. Over time, urban renewal evolved into a policy

based less on destruction and more on renovation and investment, and today is an integral part of

many local governments, often combined with small and big business incentives.

1.1.1 Conditions or problems for which redevelopment becomes necessary:

Congestion:

The most obvious threat to future confidence and prosperity of a town is traffic congestion. Most

of the area in a town have grown up around junction of two or more main traffic main routes. This

means that all areas traffic crowd into central area. With the vast increase in commercial road

transport and private car ownership the result is intolerable. The area cannot survive unless it is

rescued from these conditions and adapted to motor age.

Constriction:

There are some areas which are usually the oldest part of the town. These areas need room to grow

but they can seldom do so without far reaching changes in the existing pattern.

Obsolescence:

Nowadays rebuilding of commercial buildings become essential or at least an economic

proposition, long before the structure itself is worn out. Old shops become unsuitable for modern

retailing methods. Old office building cannot be adopted to modern business methods. The

components of old town center become outgrown and out of date.

1.2 Goals & Objectives of the study:

1.2.1 Goals:

To improve the built environment by replacing old, run-down or under-utilized urban

areas with new developments which are properly planned and, where appropriate, provided

with adequate transport and other infrastructure and community facilities;

To achieve better utilization of land in the dilapidated urban areas to meet various

development needs;

To achieve better utilization of land in the dilapidated urban areas to meet various

development needs;

To promote rehabilitation and preservation of buildings, and improvement of places of

local, architectural, cultural or historical interest.

1.2.2 Objectives:

To identify the needs for urban renewal and opportunities for improvement of community

and open space facilities for the old urban areas;

To identify priority redevelopment project areas, rehabilitation and heritage preservation

targets, and urban renewal target areas for future URA actions;

To formulate a set of strategic planning guidelines to expedite implementation of the

priority project areas and target areas;

To examine various financial and non-financial tools to improve the overall financial

viability of priority project areas;

To identify rehousing sites and other implementation issues to facilitate urban renewal;

and

To set up a geographical information system (GIS) to facilitate regular review of the

Urban Redevelopment Study.

1.3 Scopes of Urban Redevelopment:

1.3.1 Scopes for the Community:

a. Creates new local jobs – temporary and permanent – and keeps earnings local.

b. Establishes an environment that fosters growth in new businesses.

c. Promotes the introduction of new housing products, and offers resources for reinvestment

in established neighborhoods.

d. Eliminates hazards and conditions that undermine the integrity and safety of the

community.

e. Stems the decline of property values and correspondingly the revenues of the municipality

and other taxing entities.

f. Provides upgraded and needed infrastructure for future growth.

g. Supports local historic preservation efforts.

1.3.2 Scopes for the Local Government:

a. Increases tax revenues from new businesses, consumer purchases and property taxes.

b. Keeps sales tax dollars local for use within the urban renewal area or community at-large.

c. Only method of financing capital improvements that does not require an increase in taxes.

d. Contains costs associated with the provision of government services by using existing

infrastructure in a more fiscally-responsible way.

e. Encourages in-fill rather than fringe development, resulting in a more efficient use of land

and lower municipal capital costs.

f. More effectively leverages transit improvements, correspondingly lowers regional

infrastructure cost.

g. Identifies capital improvements needed to stabilize existing areas and encourage

reinvestment.

h. Makes development within municipalities more cost-effective than sprawl development

outside.

Chapter 02: Indicators of Redevelopment:

In order to build a redevelopment plan there are some indicators to be followed. These are-

1.Construction

2.Rehabilitation

3.Relocation

2.1 Construction in redevelopment:

We all want Dundee to be a city that offers a high quality of life and opportunities for all. Together

we can all play a part in making it a more sustainable city in the future. This guide is an opportunity

to help make that difference.

Working together with developers, public, private and community partners, and using this

guidance I hope all can play their part in making new developments more sustainable. Each

planning application and new building is an opportunity to follow good practice. Our homes,

workplaces and other places will help provide a healthy and comfortable environment to live and

work in. Thoughtful design, good consultation, and cost effective measures will be easier by using

this guide. Many developments are already making a positive contribution

Principles for sustainable design and construction

The quality of life in Dundee is very closely linked to the quality of the built environment. It affects

people's lives in their homes, at work, in education and in their leisure time. New developments

constructed now may well still be in use in 150 years time - we owe it to ourselves and future

generations to deliver a sustainable city.

The principles underlying sustainable development encompass three dimensions that interrelate to

deliver a better quality of life. In applying sustainable development to the built environment,

building design and construction, the core principles are:

Social Dimension

•To create a built environment that: meets people's needs whatever their circumstances; provides

affordable and healthy homes, accessible services and leisure facilities, so that all can enjoy a good

quality of life.

Economic Dimension

•To create high quality working environments that contribute to the development of healthy places

of employment, increased productivity and competitiveness; that are adaptable to the changing

needs of a vibrant economy and linked to sustainable modes of transport.

Environmental Dimension

•To use materials and adopt forms of design and construction that use resources efficiently,

minimise waste and pollution, protect and enhance biodiversity and create a healthy environment.

An overarching principle is that local communities, workers, and building users should be involved

in the development and post-occupancy feedback processes and given the opportunity to influence

the key decisions that will affect their lives by helping to create environments that meet their needs

and reflect their visions.

These principles should be applied at all stages including the choice of site, the design of the

development, the procurement of materials, including all stages of the supply chain, during

construction, occupancy, maintenance and demolition/alterations.

The Benefits of Going Beyond the Building Regulations

The Building Regulations are approved by Parliament and deal with the minimum standards of

design and building work for the construction of domestic, commercial and industrial buildings.

The new building regulations for construction

came into force and cover a wide range of aspects of design and construction. Section 3 –

Environment and Section 6 – Energy, offer key considerations for developments that exemplify

good sustainable design. For more information go to:

The Building Regulations are minimum legal standards so they do not represent best practice -

only the standard acceptable and safe practice. For a developer or architect to say to a potential

client that they design buildings to minimum legal standards will do very little to promote their

services. Going beyond Building Regulations standards in some areas can differentiate quality

sustainable design from mediocre off the shelf development.

Building users are increasingly conscious of running costs such as:

•maintenance and repair costs

•energy costs

•water and sewage costs

Good sustainable design can deliver buildings with low running costs - an attribute that is highly

attractive to both householders and businesses.

There are also an increasing number of commercial organisations, public bodies and individuals

who want to do their bit by being demonstrably socially and environmentally responsible. They

want to show that they are minimising greenhouse gas emissions, recycling and re-using buildings

and materials, and using renewable energy technologies. A number of recent sustainable building

developments in the UK have generated huge interest and a queue of potential buyers e.g., Bedzed

(London).

But ultimately the biggest selling point of good quality sustainable design is that it creates

buildings that are healthy,comfortable, attractive and exciting places for people to live and work

Redevelopment construction in California:

Figure 2.1 Affordable Housing Units Constructed From FY 2001 Through FY 2008

2.2 Rehabilitation:

A process to rebuild or restore an area in a measurable state of decline, disinvestment, or

abandonment. Redevelopment may be publicly or privately initiated, but is commonly recognized

as the process governed by the Local Redevelopment and Housing Law and undertaken in

accordance with a redevelopment plan adopted by the municipality. If used correctly, it can

transform a distressed area into an economically viable and productive part of the community.

Creates an option to designate redevelopment areas either with or without condemnation powers;

Codifies the recent case law, which limits eminent domain and clarifies that notice requirements

when designating an area in need of redevelopment;

Provides a mechanism to achieve finality against late challenges to a redevelopment designation

when condemnation is allowed; and

Aims and objectives:

1. To explore and investigate the factors affecting housing rehabilitation and redevelopment in

the urban renewal process.

2. To assess the social-political, financial, economic and environmental costs and benefits of

housing rehabilitation and redevelopment.

3. To assess the effectiveness of housing rehabilitation and redevelopment in achieving urban

renewal objectives.

4. To compare the costs/benefits/contributions of rehabilitation work and those of redevelopment

work.

2.3 Relocation:

Relocation is a household’s move from one residence to another supported by compensation and

services as outlined in legal policies or other agreements.

Separate from displacement, relocation forced by redevelopment has a defined number of people

being affected—existing residents—and an identifiable set of actors—the development team.

Relocation can be either voluntary or involuntary. Some public housing restructuring has

included cases where households volunteer to move. In contrast, involuntary relocation occurs

when households are not given the choice during redevelopment. Federal requirements governed

by the Uniform Relocation Act were the relocation policies most commonly known to

interviewees, and the largest relocation efforts have most recently involved federally funded

properties.

Objectives

To ensure property development continues, including rehabilitation and renovation of

existing buildings

To assist existing businesses or tenants relocating to a more suitable location and allow for

re-merchandising of vacated space.

To assist property owners in obtaining the highest and best use of vacant and semioccupied

properties

To eliminate slum and blighted properties

To attract private sector investment into the district using CRA owned property as leverage.

Benefits of the Relocation Incentive Program

Allows the flexibility to address a multitude of obstacles under one program

Increases property values

Increases tax base and Tax Increment Finance (TIF) revenues

Improves merchandise mix

Increases employment base in the District

Increases residential base

Reduces or eliminates vacancies

Increases in square footage of leasable space

Reduction of vacant land

Chapter 03: Local Study of Redevelopment:

3.1 Hasan Market:

Introduction:

"Hasan Market" is one of the oldest and biggest hawkers and whole sale market in Sylhet city. It

is located in the main commercial area of Sylhet city. At present it has 53,850 sqft area, 280

numbers of different sizes (large - 12’ x 10’, medium- 8’ x 10’, small- 8’ x 6’) shops and SCC has

collected 1.5 tk/sqft rent from each shop monthly.

Redevelopment Outline for Hasan Market:

Market: As suggested by the theoretical framework of market redevelopment, an efficient

redevelopment process is expected to promote security, higher economic returns, better legibility

and reduced congestion hence better market functionality.

Redevelopment of Circulation Paths:

The internal circulation area needs to be redeveloped in a planned way to minimize the dense

development and easy access for the customers. The market area is now expanding illegally and

in most cases occupies the main circulation paths, which creates problem to allow a group of three

people walking together to pass one person standing by a shop or two people walking to pass two

other people.

Redevelopment of Open Space:

Every urban market needs some spaces where customers can find rest or break. As history

describes, this place was an open park area for the surrounding neighborhood. Now only three

large trees exist here in between three major circulation nodes and sustain as an ineffective open

space.

Redevelopment of Shops Layout:

This study area is a very busy and one of the main commercial centers of Sylhet. City Corporation

earns huge government revenue every month from this area. However, for many years, "Hasan

Market" has faced dense unplanned haphazard development even along the roadside.

Redevelopment of Toilet Facilities:

As described before, "Hasan Market" has 53,850 sqft areas with 280 numbers of different sizes of

shops. Every day a huge number of people visit here for shopping. But this study finds that toilet

and other amenities or services are not in satisfactory level.

3.2 Shakhari Bazar:

Introduction:

Shakhari Bazar is one of the historic market as well as neighborhood of old Dhaka city. The

following are the proposed components of the Shakhari Bazaar subproject:

Component 1- Relocation of utilities:

This activity will include opening the surface

of the public realm in Shakhari Bazaar for the placement of new utilities services and (where

required) the removal of the existing utilities services. The work will include the provision of

connections to the adjoining properties. It will also include the underground re-location within

impermeable conduits of all the overhead power and telecommunication equipment currently

situated in the public realm.

Component 2 – Resurfacing the street and parking area immediately east of

Shakhari Bazaar:

On completing the reconstruction and re-location of the utilities services

the street will need to be re-surfaced in materials appropriate to the environment of the

Heritage Area, along with any additional hard and soft street furniture and lighting. Here the

parking area immediately to the east of Shakhari Bazaar lends itself to the use of soft

landscaping to frame the entrance to the Heritage Area. The new surfacing should be to

standards capable of accommodating emergency vehicles.

Component 3 – Traffic Management:

Access controls on motorized vehicles and rickshaws at specified periods of the day would be

enforced by adjustable traffic barriers and blocks, to be installed during the re-surfacing activity.

Component 4 - Restoration of buildings with heritage status:

Two buildings (nos. 53 and 70) are identified for conservation and restoration as part of the first

phase, as a sample demonstration project. Restoration works will vary in accordance with the

conditions of those buildings with Heritage Status and through agreement with owners and

occupiers. In most cases the internal layouts will remain intact and the restoration works will

respect this. However, where the structural condition is particularly bad, the building frontage will

be restored but the interiors will be re-built and alternative internal layouts can be considered.

Restoration may include: (i) structural improvements; (ii)provision of basic amenities such as

toilets; (iii) restoration of significant features (such internal courtyards, building façades and

detailing); and (iv) other cosmetic improvements, such as new internal plastering.

Component 5 - Upgrading the design and provision of utilities to other

buildings.

For buildings which do not have heritage status the emphasis will be on providing

technical guidance and incentives to secure: (i) improvements to building façades such that

they are more in keeping with the traditional architecture of Shakhari Bazaar; and

(ii) provision of basic amenities, such as toilets. The proposed Design Guidelines and

Restoration Advice (see above) will serve as a context for action in the restoration of all

buildings in Shakhari Bazaar, and in particular for action to improve and/or redevelop private

property.

Chapter 04: International Study of Redevelopment

4.1. The River District, Portland, Oregon

Portland Development Commission:

“Potentially, this is an enormous benefit to our city and particularly people who want to live

downtown. In my view, this will enhance the whole district, but particularly people priced out of

the market in the district.”

~Nick Fish, City Commissioner in charge of the Portland Housing Bureau

History:

The Oregon State Constitution gives each city and county the ability to create agencies to

implement plans and projects to address blight. The City of Portland recognizes several Urban

Renewal Areas (URA’s). Plans were made for an array of neighborhood parks, new roads and

parking facilities, affordable housing, and other innovative projects in downtown Portland.

Impact:

As of June, 2012, almost $500 million of debt was allocated and over $250 million was issued by

the Portland Development Commission for a number of key improvements. This included $350

million for infrastructure and parking at the Brewery Blocks, development of three public parks

and beautification of Oldtown/Chinatown. Also Portland partnered with a local major land owner

to finance 3000 new affordable housing units, which transformed an old warehouse into the North

American headquarters of a major corporation.

According to the Tax Supervising Conservation Commission, property within the River District is

now worth over $2.2 billion.

4.2 El Paso, Texas

City of El Paso:

“This is more than a redevelopment plan for downtown. It’s really an economic and community

development plan for the entire city that includes a comprehensive focus on downtown.”

~Joyce Wilson, El Paso City Manager

History:

In November of 2012, the citizens of El Paso voted nearly 3-to-1 in favor of authorizing $473

million in bonds to finance nearly 100 public improvement projects. Supporters are hoping that

the myriad improvements to the city will lure employers and jobs.

Impact:

A breakdown of the types of projects shows that $216.25 million will go towards museums and

the cultural arts, $195 million will go towards parks, $50 million will go towards the zoo, and

$12 million will go to fund improvements in the city’s libraries.

Even though it wasn’t part of the original bond issue, voters also gave their approval to a 2%

increase in the hotel occupancy tax of the city, and use the revenue to finance the construction of

a new $72 million baseball stadium for the new AAA minor-league baseball team, the El Paso

Chihuahuas. The 9,500-capacity facility opened on April 28, 2014.

3. Brooklyn Developments, Jacksonville, Florida

Downtown Investment Authority, along with several private investments and development

companies:

“The 220 Riverside Project will breathe life into the Brooklyn community, bringing needed

housing, economic opportunities, and public amenities to this community. Hallmark Partners and

220 Riverside are part of a group of pioneers working toward the redevelopment of Brooklyn. In

conjunction with community leaders and area businesses, this group is leading the way for a

better quality of life for downtown residents and visitors and inspiring future growth.”

~ Jacksonville City Councilman Warren Jones

History:

Once upon a time, the Brooklyn neighborhood was one of the most densely populated areas in

the city, but in recent years it has become a stereotypical example of urban abandonment. Three

projects are changing that – 220 Riverside, Union Plaza, and Riverside Place. The result will be a

mixed-use redevelopment featuring residential units, retail stores, restaurants, and an urban

public park.

Impact:

Upon completion, these projects will provide the Brooklyn neighborhood with over 600 multi-

family residential units, 80,000 square feet of commercial space for retail and restaurant

establishments. It will include a community park to serve as a central gathering place for

residents.

Union Plaza will be roughly the size of a football field, able to accommodate more than one

thousand people, and host special events and programs approximately 250 days a year.

4.4 Discovery Green, Houston, Texas

The City of Houston, the Houston First Corporation, and Discovery Green Conservancy:

“When people come here to visit, their vision and image of Houston is now changed because of

this park.”

~Houston City Council member Sue Lovell

History:

The site that would eventually become Discovery Green was originally a high-end residential

neighborhood back in the late 19th century, but by the end of the 20th century, it is become

nothing more than two large parking lots.

It cost the city of Houston approximately $57 million to acquire the 12 acres of land and another

$125 million to build and landscape the project. The park opened to the public in 2008.

Impact:

Discovery Green has transform downtown Euston into a place to play, as well as work. Original

attendance projections were ambitiously hopeful at 500,000 visitors a year, but Discovery Green

was able to meet that goal in its first six months, and now draws more than 1.2 million visitors to

over 600 annual free events.

Economically, the park has spurred downtown development to the tune of $625 million with

another $1 billion in future projects such as offices, hotels, and residential units.

When a contest was held to name the park, over 6,200 entries were received.

5. South Works/Chicago Lakeside Project, Chicago, Illinois

City of Chicago, US Steel Corporation, and McCaffery Interests of Chicago:

“South Works is very unique for us. No. 1 is the duration. It’s very long term. No. 2 is it’s a true

partnership with the city of Chicago to help transform an area of a city.”

~George A. Manos, President of US Steel Real Estate

History:

The original facility of the eventual South Works began in 1857 and at its peak, employed

approximately 20,000 people. In the 1970’s, the steel market took a downturn and the plant

closed for good in 1992. Since then, the site has stood mostly vacant.

Impact:

The development will expand over the next three decades and will have a total estimated cost of

$4 billion. The project will bring in almost 14,000 housing units and 20 million square feet of

retail space across the 600 acres of the former steel plant. There are also plans for a marina and

125 acres of parks.

Dating back to its time as a steel mill, part of the land at South Works was reclaimed from Lake

Michigan with molten slag.

Chapter 05: Specific Eligible Redevelopment Activities Which May

Support Historic Preservation:

Outlined below are eligible redevelopment activities to which historic preservation may be

linked, or which may be used in support of preservation objectives, provided they meet all

applicable program requirements. Heading numbers refer to the redevelopment regulations.

5.1 Planning:

The process of community planning affords a splendid opportunity to formulate community

goals and objectives and to include strategies for preservation with plans designed to meet other

purposes. Planning activities are presumed to meet the national objectives. General Plans,

including:

1. Comprehensive plans, and community development plans including preservation elements;

2. Functional plans for various purposes, including housing, land use, economic development,

open space, and energy conservation, including historic preservation elements;

3. Data collection, studies, analysis and the preparation of plans and implementing measures

including budgets, codes and ordinances;4. Archeological surveys of CDBG project areas,

including a reconnaissance survey of a project site containing valuable resources, or an intensive

survey for fuller examination of significant sites;

5. Activities to enhance the community's capacity for setting goals and objectives to meet needs,

including environmental and preservation concerns;

6. Reasonable costs of general environmental studies and historic preservation studies and

resource surveys.

7 Preparation of a historic preservation plan for the community, including plans for preserving

historic downtown areas or neighborhoods or for appropriate reuse of their historic structures;

8 Delineating historic districts, including reuse plans and the preparation of ordinances and

codes to assure preservation of the districts; and

9 Strategies and action programs to implement plans to protect and enhance the cultural

environment.

5.2 Economic Development Activities:

Economic development increasingly is a major objective in CDBG

programs. Eligible activities include:

1. Acquisition, construction, reconstruction or installation of commercial or industrial buildings,

structures, and other real property, equipment and improvements, including railroad spurs or

similar improvements having historic values; and

2. Assistance to private-for-profit-businesses, including financial and technical assistance and

involving historic properties that are necessary or appropriate. Administrative Costs:

1. Costs of conducting preliminary surveys and analysis of market needs (subject to HUD's

program limitations on such costs); and

2. Costs of site and utility plans, narrative descriptions of proposed development or

rehabilitation, preliminary cost estimates, urban design documentation, and "sketch drawings",

including preservation objectives and making proposals compatible with historic settings.

5.3 Engineering and Design Costs:

1. Feasibility studies to assess the condition of structures, including historic structures, and the

economic feasibility of:

- corrective techniques to overcome incompatible alterations or deterioration which detract from

the historic character of structures;

- adapting historic buildings to appropriate reuse;

2. Designing improvements to the facade of structures, including historic buildings and including

schematic drawings;

3. Design costs for integrating historic facades into new structures and land uses, with the advice

of the State Historic Preservation Officer or local historic commission or advisory body;

4. Designing the removal of architectural barriers in structures which limit access for elderly or

handicapped persons; and

5. Other engineering and design needed to preserve historic properties.

5.4 Consultant Services:

Obtaining professional assistance for program planning, and preparing community development

objectives, including historic preservation, and securing other general professional guidance for

devising programs and methods or

schedules for implementing them, including preservation

elements.

5.5 Acquisition:

1. Acquisition of properties, including historic properties, in whole or in part by a public agency

or private not-for profit entity;2. Acquisition by purchase, lease, donation, or otherwise, of real

property (including air rights, water rights, rights of-way, easements, facade easements and other

interests);

3. Acquisition of buildings and improvements and their relocation to other sites; e.g., for

preservation or reuse as an alternative to demolition.

5.6 Clearance Activities:

1. Moving a historic structure from a project site or other site to a location appropriate for its

preservation; and

2. Clearing incompatible structures from a historic site to highlight historic values or to provide

for compatible new development.

5.7 Site Preparation:

1. Construction, reconstruction or installation of public

improvements, utilities, or facilities (other than

buildings) related to the redevelopment or reuse of real

property that is acquired or rehabilitated pursuant to article.

2 Making improvements necessary to restore a property's

architectural or historic character.

5.8 Property Rehabilitation:

Rehabilitation constitutes a major area of opportunity for including historic preservation in

programs designed to revitalize neighborhood and commercial areas and for encouraging private

sector involvement in community development and property rehabilitation activities. Eligible

activities include:

1. The rehabilitation of:

- eligible privately owned residential buildings and improvements limited to facade and code

requirements.

- Public housing and other publicly owned residential buildings and improvements; and

- publicly owned nonresidential buildings and improvements otherwise eligible for assistance.

2. Activities to secure the retention and reuse of historic structures, such as renovation of closed

school buildings for conversion to housing or reuse facility, or to serve another public purpose;

3. Energy system improvements or retrofitting, e.g., to enhance the use and preservation of

historic structures; and

4. Obtaining or conducting rehabilitation advisory services, such as rehabilitation counseling,

energy auditing, preparation of work specifications, inspections, and other advisory services to

owners, tenants, contractors and other entities participating or seeking to participate in authorized

rehabilitation activities.

5.9 Property Disposition:

Sale, lease, donation, or otherwise, of any real property acquired with CDBG funds, including

arrangements and restrictions to preserve historic properties or to provide for appropriate reuse

of historic property.

5.10 Code Enforcement:

In deteriorating or deteriorated areas where such enforcement together with public

improvements,

rehabilitation and services to be provided, may be expected to arrest the decline of the area.

5.11 Public Facilities and Improvements:

1. Acquisition, construction, reconstruction, rehabilitation or installation of eligible public

facilities and improvements, as in historic districts or neighborhoods; including design features

and improvements which promote energy efficiency; and

2. Execution of architectural design features to enhance or preserve the aesthetic quality of

facilities and improvements receiving CDBG assistance; i.e., decorative pavements, railings,

sculptures, pools of water and fountains, and other works of art (excluding furniture and

furnishings within buildings).

5.12 Removal of Architectural Barriers:

Special projects directed to the removal of material and architectural barriers which restrict the

mobility and accessibility of elderly or handicapped persons to publicly owned or privately

owned buildings, facilities, and improvements, including those which are historic.

5.13 Utilities:

Use of CDBG funds to acquire, construct, reconstruct, rehabilitate, or install the distribution lines

and facilities of privately owned utilities, including the placing underground of new and existing

distribution facilities and lines, as in a historic district.

5.14 Technical Assistance (an allowable administrative cost):

1. Obtaining or providing assistance for planning, developing and administering historic

preservation activities;

2. Conducting local education and information programs concerning historic preservation,

including encouragement of private initiatives through private investment and the use of

available tax incentives and other resources;

3. The conduct of workshops on preservation, e.g., façade treatment of historic storefronts or

seminars on historic district design for local merchants, architects, planners and community

organizations; and

4. Training conferences for municipal and community leaders for encouraging preservation

strategies and techniques for implementing them.

5.15 Payment of the non-Federal share required in connection with a Federal

grant-in-aid program:

1. CDBG funds may be used for the payment of the non-Federal share required under Federal

grant-in-aid programs, provided:

a. the activities are part of CDBG activities, and

b. they are activities otherwise eligible for CDBG assistance.

2. Grant-in-aid programs include the Department of the Interior's historic preservation grant

program; CDBG funds may be used to make up the local matching requirement of the DOI

program.

Chapter 06: Methodology of the Study:

4.1 Introduction: Methodology means the way or manner by which the study is accomplished, which refers to the

full outcome of the process at a glance. It includes some chronological steps that are necessary to

complete the study successfully. Mode of operation differs with the nature of the study. A

proper methodology is always necessary for any report, which helps to organize experiences,

observations, examinations, analysis of data and information and their logical expression in a

systematic process to achieve the ultimate goals and objectives of the report. A methodology has

been selected for a redevelopment project which is given below:

4.2 Problem Identification:

The socio-economic and land use change of this area is very dynamic process. To understand this change the people of this area are asked different type of questions.

By making a questionnaire relating to the topic all the answers are collected. Depending on

the answers, a concept of the work is made.

4.2.1 Selection of the Topic:

At first the selection of the respected topic must be done. Because its fix up a certain idea of

certain aspect.

4.2.2 Determination of the Study Area:

After selection of the topic, study area must be selected. Because it not only fix up the

identification but also give a bas map idea of a certain area.

4.3 Literature Review:

Literature review means the proper destination, goal and aspect to reach a meaningful

destination. Actually, it formulated the significance of the definite goal and accessibility of a

What are the facts behind these changes?

What types of impacts have come for these changes?

What types of problems and benefits they faced?

certain matter. That is why in order to performing a definite plan or framework everyone

should go through o moderate literature review.

4.4 Field Investigation:

For the fieldwork of the study some discussion are usually held with concerned teacher regarding

the working procedure. It is also discussed here how to conduct the study.

In order to achieve fruitful results, it is better to conduct any study considering some questions.

This study tries to answer the following questions.

A. What are the land use patterns of this area?

B. What is the socio economic condition of this area?

C. What are the government development programs in this area?

D. What are the NGO development programs in this area?

4.4.1 Questionnaire Preparation:

To conduct this survey a questionnaire is prepared in a systematic way. This questionnaire helps

to collect all the required information about the study area.

Questions were set in a manner of socio-economic condition and existing land use pattern of the

study area. The survey questionnaire covered the following aspects:

General information about dwellers.

Socio-economic information including household income level, household expenditure,

house type, source of drinking water.

Information about migration, sanitation, health, religion of the dwellers.

Information on resources of family, environment of the area, soil quality.

Finally, information of the existing land use pattern and land use change.

4.4 Data collection:

Without data it is impossible to conduct any study, proper data can help to reach the goal and

gain the main objectives of the study. We used two sources of data in this study. We can classify

them as primary data and secondary data.

Primary data

Secondary data

4.4.1 Primary Data Collection:

Primary data was the basic elements of the study. Primary data and information are usually

collected by:

Reconnaissance survey

Questionnaire survey for property owner of the study area.

Plot to plot land use survey

Case studies.

4.4.2. Secondary Data Collection:

Secondary data collection means collecting the data not directly rather which was already

gathered by some means. Through secondary data one can have the basic idea of representing the

data in computerized method. For better study we can some secondary sources.

There are different types of literature has been reviewed that is related with the selected

topics such as- Socio-economic condition survey on Saver Pourashasva”

Mouza maps are collected from the from Upazilla settlement office of Chittagong district.

Secondary data includes various books, research works, journals, newspapers, magazines

etc.

Bangladesh bureau of statistics community series (BBS, 2001) helps us to collect the

Socio-Economic data of this village.

Land use and Land value in Urban Fringe area of Khulna, Bangladesh” report (Hasan,2010)

etc.

4.5 Data Analysis:

After collecting, the primary and secondary data one should have perform the data analysis

progress. Here data analysis means comparing the data that is existing or that is going to be

proposed. The educational prospect, commercial view, residential state, population situation,

road circulation, educational point of view etc. are thoroughly analyzed by having some

definite process or method.

4.5.1 Existing Situation:

Having analyzed the data, lacking and the existing venerable condition must be located. It

actually fixes up which area has to be reformed and redeveloped.

4.5.2 New ideas:

When all of the respected jobs are finished the new ideas of proposed plan must be presented.

But the new ideas should be conceptual and meaningful which can be done without any

hindrance and hesitation.

4.6 Justifying Study Goal in respect of Collective Data: Through justifying research problem in respect of collective data, existing condition of socio-

economy and land use of the study area should be evaluated. And after evaluation of the existing

situation, the condition of the study area will be understood.

4.7 Proposals:

The proposals (content of the map) will reflect in survey and subsequent analysis.

4.7.1 Land Use Pattern:

The area map should show which parts of the area are suitable for:

1) Conservation- where historic, architectural, property or commercial values are high.

2) Improvement- where a general upgrading of existing conditions is desirable and

3) Rebuilding- comprehensively or by the accumulation of the individual schemes.

4.7.2 Building Densities:

In general, the aim should be to fix building densities in a way, which provides opportunities for

achieving a desirable height, massing of buildings and strikes a balance between the street and

car parking capacities.

4.7.3 Traffic System:

a. Safe pedestrian movement in the area,

b. Access to buildings,

c. Circulation of traffic with business area,

d. Road links into the area for vehicles needing to enter it.

4.7.4 Programming:

The map should indicate the intended phasing o the main proposals.

(Mahbub-Un-Nabi, 2012)

4.8 Recommendation:

After having the above criteria is the report should be submitted to be recommended or

implemented.

4.9 Conclusion:

Performing the procedures the report or proposal should be presented in front of the experts or

experienced person to examine its acceptability. And having all this criteria firmly a

concerned plan or proposal will be implemented.

Problem Statement

Field Investigation

Data Collection

Data analysis, Interpretation &

Tabulation.

Justifying Research Topic In

Respect Of Collective Data

Proposals

Conclusion

Conceptualization

Define Objectives And Scope Of

The Research.

Define the research problem

Topic selection: Redevelopment plan for a particular area.

Primary Source: Through

Consultation. Secondary Source:

Through Literature review

Reconnaissance survey of the

study area related

research

organization.

Primary Data: By interviewing the

people by questionnaires

Secondary Data:

Official data, map

collection.

Developing theoretical framework

Development & existing

data Investigation

Fig. 4.1 Methodology with a Flow Chart

7. References:

UNESCO (2005), Conservation rule. Retrieved January 11, 2014, from

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Heritage_Site

Mowla, Q.A. (2001): Governance for Urban Development: the Case of Dhaka City in Asian

Studies, Journal of Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, No.20, June 2001 pp.66.77.

Mahbub-Un-Nabi, A.S.M. (2012), Urban Planning Techniques, Provati Library: Dhaka,

Bangladesh.

Urban Renewal Facts (2014), Urban Renewal Facts Benefits, Retrieved February 03, 2017 from

http://lift-littleton.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/UrbanRenewalFactsBenefits.pdf

Urban Renewal Plan Concepts (2012), Goals of Urban Renewal Plan. Retrieved February 03,

2017 from http://www.pland.gov.hk/pland_en/p_study/comp_s/urss/Ch2_e.htm

ICOM-CC (2008), Conservation definition. Retrieved January 11, 2014, from http://www.icom-

cc.org/242/about-icom-cc/what-is-conservation/#.UviDbdzBNec

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