2. is the urinary system The main system which carries out
Nitrogenous Excretion
3. THE MAIN NITROGENOUS PRODUCTS urea and uric acid are the
main nitrogenous products resulting from filteration in the kidneys
Urea and uric acid are formed in the liver as a result of breaking
down of excess amino acids and other nitrogenous compounds.
4. PROCESS OF URINE FILTERATION 1) Blood in the renal artery
enters the kidney 2) Urine is filtered out and blood enters the
renal veins 3) Filtered urine moves along ureters and enter the
bladder 4) Urine is passed out when bladder is filled Process of
urine filteration by urinary system is sequenced as follows
5. Principle organ which is involved in nitrogenous excretion
is the kidney. Each kidney contains approximately one million
nephrons which are the units for filtering urine.
7. STRUCTURE OF NEPHRON Bowmann's capsule Glomerulus Distal
convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Collecting duct Proximal convoluted
tubule Glomerular filtrate
8. SUB UNITS OF A NEPHRON Bowman's capsule with glomerulus
Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Distal convoluted
tubule
9. Bowman's capsule together with glomerulus of nephrons are
embedded in the renal cortex which is dark brown in colour .
10. to drain into Bowmann's capsule. GLOMERULUS Renal artery
branches into finer arteries and narrows abruptly forming a dense
network of capillaries glomerulus. High pressure maintained in the
glomerulus enables the fluid excluding blood cells and plasma
proteins of the glomerular filtrate
11. The section which is closer to the collecting duct is
called the distal convoluted tubule. The section of convoluted
tubule closer to Bowmann's capsule is called the proximal
convoluted tubule
12. The part of the nephron which is shaped like a loop is
termed loop of Henle. LOOP OF HENLE
13. REABSORBTION from the fluid that enters Bowman's capsule
Glucose Amino acids Vitamins and all hormones 80% of salt and water
Is reabsorbed by the convoluted tubules and loop of Henle in renal
cortex
14. COLLECTING DUCTS collecting ducts of nephrons are arranged
into pyramid shaped clusters and open into the pelvis of the kidney
Urine filtered out from nephrons enter into Collecting ducts
15. ureters originate from pelvis URETERS
16. PREVENT DISEASES RELATED TO URINARY SYSTEM
17. STONES IN KIDNEY AND/OR BLADDER due to inadequate intake of
water, regular intake of food high in salt and acids , abstaining
from passing urine when needed and intake of certain medications
for prolonged durations. Prolonged high blood pressure results in
the malfunctioning of kidneys
18. INFLAMMATION OF KIDNEY may result through bacterial
infection. When renal failure occurs a kidney from a person with
compatible blood and tissues can be transplanted.
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