SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
ROADMAP TO RURAL ENERGY INDEPENDENCE
Narayanan Komerath Professor, School of Aerospace Engineering,
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Joint Secretary, GIBC
• The Need & The Aim • Prior Work • Uniqueness • Technology survey • Installation example • Present Plans • Roadmap • Technology Buy-In
Urj Svavalambi Energy Self-Reliance
• Tech R&D • NGOs
• Biz • Govt
Skills Jobs
Test beds
Basic Ed
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
The Need
660,000 villages, 660 M people; 1kW/family = 165 GW • Clean water, & environment; • Education & Healthcare • Connectivity & Transportation • Agricultural & employment • Entrepreneurship
The Aim
• Total Energy Independence • Transition to sustainable
development at technology leading edge
• Strengthen cultural freedom, pride and traditional values.
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
OTHERS ON SIMILAR PATHS • Government of India MNRE, Rural Electrification Corp. Ltd • World Bank: Cookstoves, PV • IEEE SmartVillage Initiative • Gram Oorja (Maharashtra): • IIT Madras (DC MicroGrids) • Ekal Vidyalayas , Single Teacher Schools • ... (list of 100s? 1000s?)
Why Is Our Effort Necessary? This morning over 300 million people woke up with no access to basic electric power.
What do we bring?
1. Education / Skills Training / Corporate / R&D / Retail Business networking 2. NGO / CSR tied to vendor/installer/trainer/local enterprise. 3. Integrated roadmap to energy independence.
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
h#ps://i1.rgsta/c.net/ii/profile.image/AS%3A277628884930570@1443203292901_m/Steven_Morris4.png
h#ps://s-‐media-‐cache-‐ak0.pinimg.com/originals/2e/45/f2/2e45f2c4bc48576f8f0ef7089015627a.jpg
h#p://www.newsworks.org/images/stories/flexicontent/l_cng_sta/on_cabot1200.jpg
h#p://www.news.gatech.edu/2017/02/16/four-‐stroke-‐engine-‐cycle-‐produces-‐hydrogen-‐methane-‐and-‐captures-‐co2
h#ps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/Algae_fuel_in_a_beaker.jpg h#ps://i.y/mg.com/
vi/6LmDAFBBPK8/maxresdefault.jpg
h#ps://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/images/stock/solarth.jpg
h#p://www.ganne#-‐cdn.com/-‐mm-‐/0e229caeefdb45dce78e527cbdbd088fedbc946c/c=439-‐0-‐4525-‐3072&r=x404&c=534x401/local/-‐/media/2015/10/15/USATODAY/USATODAY/635805020247184989-‐
DSC-‐0434.JPG
THINGS THAT SURPRISE ME
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
First 250W Installation Tuesday 2/28/2017 Single Teacher School at Mel Maduramangalam, 631553, SriPerambudur Taluk, Kancheepuram Dt., TN
• “Have” grid connection; cellphone signal. No power. • Public bus service; rail station 2km • 213 houses, 923 people, 157 hectares • Water available, dubious quality • Teacher works in govt school, STS evenings • Villagers work in local factory; farms.
12.936521N,79.8058138E 22km SW. of SriPerumbudur 21 km NE of Kancheepuram
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
Present Plans
• Localize manuals. • Expand to 50 villages; data stream. • Solar Technician certification. • Remote areas • Add biogas certification model • Neighboring states
Internet Of Things Remote monitoring/ data/predictive maintenance
Intensified Solar Testbed
DC Microgrids
Logistics Model for on-site data & maintenance
Biogas CHP Testbed
Thermochemical Fuel
• Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to grow skills & local jobs • Small enterprises.
• CSR already at work!!!
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
ROADMAP
1-1000
10-1000
100-100,000
10,000- 1M
100,000-!
1M to total independence
NGO/Individual Corporate Social Responsibility
Public-Private Partnerships/ Rural-Based Enterprises
Self-Sustainment / Reversed Migration from Urban to Rural
University Testbeds
PV +Biogas +Intensified Solar
+Thermochemical Fuel +Hydrogen + Micro Wind
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
Indian Tribal Villagers and Technology Ownership
Ekal Vidyalaya performance, Berkmar High School, Lilburn, GA, March 12, 2017
Communicate in 3 languages. Thrill an audience with a choreographed music and dance performance, 10,000 miles from home on a cold evening on a 5000-mile road-trip.. Double as keyboard musicians / AV operators. What’s so tough about operating tech gizmos and following instructions?
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
SINGLE TEACHER SCHOOLS
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
What Do Students Learn? (interpretations are mine..)
• Drama • Computer Science • & Mathematics • Aerodynamics • Advertising • NewsCasting & • Political Science • Negotiation & • Communication • Poetry & Literature
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
Global Awareness Mathematics & Computer Science
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
THANK YOU!
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
Our Speakers
• His Excellency Nagesh Singh, CGI, on Indian Government Policies • Prof. Jane Davidson, U.MN on Thermochemical Fuel Generation • Dr. Bala Ganesh, UPS Inc on Logistics and Connectivity/Maintenance • Ms. Sarah Hillsware on Womens Education & Rural Empowerment • Dr. Rajendra Singh, Clemson U. on PV solutions and rural enterprise • Dr. Jagdish Sheth on Corporate Social Responsibility and rural enterprise. • Dr. Sumesh Arora, Mississippi Development Authority • Shri Dhirendra Shah, Global Indian Business Council • Dr. Vijay Madisetti, Georgia Tech on Internet Of Things • Shri Malla Reddy on Skill Development via NGOs. • Ms. Manjula Reddy on One Teacher Schools • Dr. Vijay Vemulappilli on Children’s welfare • Panel (Moderated by Dhiru Shah): Dr. R. Natarajan, Vellore Instt. Of Tech, Shri Vipul
Patel* on Retail Enterprise. Shri Nirav Patel on Water Purification
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
PV-Biogas-Thermchem-H2-Clean Water
• Solar PhotoVoltaic easiest to install, but expensive. • Actual ability to use and store are huge issues. • Compressed gas/water turbines for storage? • High temperature electrolysis; device charging. • Biogas harder to maintain. Inconsistent quality for generators • Need small gas turbines – development/manufacture – 3D printing? • Biogas route to sewage disposal: clean up groundwater as well. • Ammonia with methane augmentation: reduced carbon footprint. • Intensified solar: efficient power generation, thermochemical fuel, electrolysis w/ PV.
PV/Biogas/Biomethanation/Ammonia/Int.Solar/TC fuel/Electrolysis: • Total energy independence, clean environment, clean air, clean water!! • “We Can Do It!!!” ☺
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
Standardized Energy Solutions
• 200-250W Solar Photovoltaic System, Battery • DC LED lighting, fans, power strip to charge devices • Compressed air/pumped water / turbine power
Phase 1:
Phase 2: • 10kg Biogas heating/ cooking/ micro-turbine power generation • Biogas/ammonia heat & power generation • Biomethanation / groundwater cleanup
Phase 3: • Intensified solar thermal • Thermochemical fuel • High-Temperature Electrolysis: hydrogen, fuel cells • Vehicles as power generators
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
Skills to Employment to Entrepreneurship • NGO/individual model limited to 1000 systems: End-users have no money! • Need education to maintain systems. • Skilled technicians need livelihood in villages. • Villages need business growth for purchasing power.
BREAKOUT: NGOs – Skill Development – Business NGOs to ensure culture bridge to villagers; education; Skill Development CSR: Market Pull for Skill Development & Product Innovations CSR-NGO transition to local business, entrepreneurship.
SMART VILLAGE ROADMAP 2017, 3/17/17
• Tech R&D
• NGOs
• Biz • Govt
Skills Jobs
Test beds
Basic Ed