US HistoryObjective 9.01

Rise in Nativism (prejudice against foreign-born)

Rise in Isolationism (pull away from involvement in foreign affairs)

Post WWI

Fear of Communism Communism- economic and political

system where one party dominates and controls economy

In US Red Scare- fear that Communism would

spread to America Communist Party formed- many workers

joined

Reasons

US Government (Palmer and J. Edgar Hoover) Invade private homes and offices Jail suspects without allowing them

counsel Deport foreign born Communists Goal- hunt down and get rid of

suspected Communists

Palmer Raids

Palmer Raids

US Attorney General Palmer

After a Palmer Raid

Palmer Raid

Cartoon

Sacco and Vanzetti- two Italian born immigrants

Arrested and charged with robbery and murder

During trial- they provided alibis, evidence was circumstantial and judge made prejudicial remarks

Sacco and Vanzetti found guilty and put to death

Sacco and Vanzetti Case

Sacco and Vanzetti

Vanzetti and Sacco

Protest rally after the case

Limits on Immigration Quota system- set

limits on how many people could enter US from each country

Emergency Quota Act of 1921

Limited European immigration

Prohibited Japanese immigration

Nativism

1924- Klan membership reached 4.5 million

Klan beliefs Keep blacks “in

their place” Destroy saloons Oppose Unions Drive Roman

Catholics, Jews and foreign-born people from US

Rise of KKK

Ad for a Klan lecture

Ad for movie about the

Klan- make $60

million

Strikes attributed to Communism- create a negative view of labor unions Boston Police Strike- 1919 police strike over pay raise,

strike put down and government a hero Link workers to Communism

Steel Mill Strike- 1919 workers strike for shorter hours and better pay

Workers linked to Communism Public views putting strike down as a good thing- prevent

spread of Communism Coal Miners Strike- 1920 mine workers want better pay,

shorter hours End with workers getting 27% pay raise but not shorter hours

Labor Unrest

1920-1924- “Return to Normalcy” Return to Simpler Days before

Progressive Movement Milestones during Presidency

Kellogg-Briand Pact- Nations agree to renounce war as a policy (not very effective)

High tariffs- hurt US business Inability to collect on war debts- Britain

and France can’t pay debts due to tariff

President Warren Harding

Scandals of Harding Promote many friends to government posts

(Ohio Gang) Corruption

Illegally sell government supplies to companies Take bribes Teapot Dome Scandal

Government owned land for oil reserves Government officials leased land to companies owned by

the same officials Government officials received payments for the leased

land Found guilty of accepting bribes

President Harding Cont.

President Calvin Coolidge (1924-1928) Favor low taxes and laissez-faire attitude

(little government involvement) Results in rising wages and rising

productivity Favor high tariffs to protect American

businesses

American business

Automobile Construction of Roads- Route 66 (movie Cars) Construction of other industries (shops, motels, gas

stations, shopping centers, etc) Lead to urban sprawl

Cities grow out instead of up (rise of suburbs)- cars allow people to live further from city and still have access to city events

Airplanes US Postal Service- begin in 1918 Charles Lindbergh and Amelia Earhart- fly across the

Atlantic Ocean 1927- Pan American Airways first passenger flights across

Atlantic

New & Imrpoved technology

Electrical Devices Sewing machines, washing machines,

vacuum cleaners, refrigerators, ovens, toasters

Make lives of housewives easier and give families more leisure time

Advertising Slogans used to sell products Use radio and new techniques (billboards,

movies)

Technology cont.

Gaps in prosperity Farmers, iron and railroads not as prosperous and auto

industry Gap between wealthy and poor Farmers overproduced (produce too much)- lead to

price of food and crops going down (farmers in debt) Buying on installment plans

Buying on credit- low down payment and make monthly payments until paid for

Many people could not afford what they bought and were overextending their credit

Beginning of credit cards and personal debt for overuse

Was the US really prosperous?

Installment plans

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