Date post: | 14-Dec-2015 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | zachery-patton |
View: | 214 times |
Download: | 0 times |
USDOC Office of Security, Western Region
7600 Sand Point Way NE
Seattle, WA 98115
Active Shooters, Response and Examples
Security is Everyone's ResponsibilityUpdated 11/2014
Active Shooters according to DHS:
An active shooter is an individual actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people in a confined and populated area. Active shooter incidents are usually unpredictable, last only 10 – 15 minutes and are carried out by a single attacker using multiple firearms.
An overwhelming majority of shooters are male between the ages of 15 and 19 for school shootings, and 35 and 44 for incidents taking place at other types of facilities. Active shooters are often members of the community they target, although their selection of victims does not follow any specific pattern or method.
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Definitions
Active Shooter
Suspect’s activity is immediately causing death or serious bodily injury
The activity is not contained
There is immediate risk of death or serious injury to potential victims
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Definitions
Dynamic SituationThe situation is evolving very rapidly along
with the suspect’s action Example: shooting and moving
• Static SituationThe situation is not evolving or in motion
Suspect’s actions appear to be containedExample: suspect is barricaded in a room
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Definitions
Soft TargetA person or location that is relatively unprotected
or vulnerable, especially to a terrorist attack
Time Line of ViolenceThe period of time from the suspects first violent
action until his action is stopped or transitions to another activity
Incident TransitionThat point in the incident where the “active
shooter” stops their violent actions and tries to escape or barricade themselves
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Definitions
Mind SetWill provide a strong foundation upon which to
base decisions and actions
Enables you to act quickly and effectivelyMindful, not fearful
Allows you to take appropriate survival actionUse all senses
Trust you intuition—that “gut” feeling Knowing without knowing why
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Definitions
Lives of the hostage(s)
Lives of innocent bystanders
Lives of police officers
Lives of the suspect(s)
Neutralize the suspect(s)
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Police Priorities
Figure OutRecognize what is happingTake action to survive
Get OutEvacuate if it can be safely doneGet out whether or not anyone goes with youLeave your belongingsRecognize it is not safe for you to move woundedPrevent others from going into danger, if
possible
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
What you should do
Hide Out Find place where shooter is less likely to find you Provide protection if shots are fired in your direction
i.e. room with closable and lockable door Limited or no glass
Lock and blockade the doorway Silence your phones and pagers Remain quiet, do not huddle together, spread out in room
Call Out When it is safe, call 911 If you can’t speak, leave the line open Provide as much information as possible Describe shooter: identity, clothes, weapon(s), location,
casualties
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
What you should do
Hide Out Find place where shooter is less likely to find you Provide protection if shots are fired in your direction
i.e. room with closable and lockable door Limited or no glass
Lock and blockade the doorway Silence your phones and pagers Remain quiet, do not huddle together, spread out in room
Call Out When it is safe, call 911 If you can’t speak, leave the line open Provide as much information as possible Describe shooter: identity, clothes, weapon(s), location,
casualties
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
What you should do
Take ActionAs a last resort and when your life is in imminent
danger, attempt to disrupt and/or incapacitate the active shooterBe as aggressive as possible, yellFind anything you can use as a weapon: to throw, hitBe totally committed to your actions
When Police ArriveFollow all directionsKeep your hands in plain view, with nothing in themAvoid making any quick or unexpected movementsAvoid pointing, screaming, yelling or grabbing onto
officers
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
What you should do
Officers will respond to location of last shots
Officers usually arrive in teams of four (4)
Officers may wear regular patrol uniforms or external bulletproof vests, Kevlar helmets, and other tactical equipment
Officers may be armed with rifles, shotguns, handguns
Officers may use pepper spray or tear gas to control the situation
Officers may shout commands, and may push individuals to the ground for their safety
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Police Response
First Officers arriving will not stop to help injured
Expect rescue teams comprised of additional officers and emergency medical personnel to follow the initial officers. These rescue teams will treat and remove any injured persons.
They may also call upon able-bodied individuals to assist in removing the wounded from the premises.
Once you have reached a safe location or an assembly point, you will likely be held in that area by law enforcement until the situation is under control, and all witnesses have been identified and questioned. Do not leave until law enforcement authorities have instructed you to do so.
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Police Response
An effective EAP includes:
A preferred method for reporting fires and other emergencies
An evacuation policy and procedure
Emergency escape procedures and route assignments (i.e., floor plans, safe areas)
Contact information for, and responsibilities of individuals to be contacted under the EAP
Information concerning local area hospitals (i.e., name, telephone number, and distance from your location)
An emergency notification system to alert various parties of an emergency including:
Individuals at remote locations within premises Local law enforcement Local area hospitals
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Emergency Action Plans
Conduct mock active shooter training exercises. Local law enforcement is an excellent resource in
designing training exercises.:Recognizing the sound of gunshotsReacting quickly when gunshots are heard and/or
when a shooting is witnessed:Evacuating the areaHiding outActing against the shooter as a last resortCalling 911Reacting when law enforcement arrivesAdopting the survival mind set during times of crisis
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Training
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active Shooters
Suspect: Charles Whitman
Location: Austin, TX
Date: August 1, 1966
Casualties: Killed 15 people (including an unborn baby); and wounded 31 people (as far as 2 blocks away)
Outcome: Suspect killed by police officers
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active Shooters
Suspect: James Huberty
Location: San Ysidro, CA
Date: July 18, 1984
Casualties: Killed 21 people; and wounded 11 people
Outcome: Suspect killed by police marksman
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active ShootersSuspects: Larry Phillips, Emil Matasareanu
Location: North Hollywood, CA
Date: February 28, 1997
Started as bank robbery; transitioned to active shooter
Casualties: Wounded 18 people(11 police officers, and 7 civilians)
Outcome: One suspect committed suicide; the other was killed by SWAT
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active ShootersSuspects: Eric Harris, Dylan Klebold
Date: April 20, 1999
Location: Littleton, CO
Casualties: Killed 13 people; and wounded 20 people
Outcome: Both suspects committedsuicide
Klebold Harris
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active Shooters
Suspect: Sulejman Talovic
•Location: Salt Lake City, UT
•Date: February 12, 2007
•Casualties: Killed 5 people; and Wounded 4 people
•Outcome: Suspect killed by police
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active ShootersSuspect: Seung-Hui Cho
Location: Blacksburg, VA
Date: April 16, 2007
Casualties: Killed 32 people; andwounded 23 people
Outcome: Suspect committed suicide
Worst mass shooting in U.S. history
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active Shooters
Suspect: Seung-Hui Cho - Continued
Shooter chained three doors from the inside
It took an estimated five minutes for first responding police to force open doors
Once inside, police moved toward the sound of gunfire
The last shot heard was Cho committing suicide
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active Shooters
Suspects: Between 10 –12 militants (split into four sections)
Location: Mumbai, India November 26, 2008
Casualties: Attacked targets on foot, by taxi or motorcycle; killed a total of 164 people; andwounded 308 people
AK-47s, handguns, pistols; large amount of ammo—knives, grenades, explosives, and improvised explosive devices (IEDs)
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active Shooters
Location: Mumbai, India November 26, 2008 – Cont.
Outcome: 1 terrorist caught alive (Ajmal Amir) and sentenced to death on May 6, 2010; 9 terrorists committed suicide or were killed by the Indian military; it is unknown if any other terrorists escaped
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active ShootersSuspect: James W. von Brunn, 88 years old
Location: Washington, DC
Date: June 10, 2009
Casualties: Killed 1 person (security officer)
Outcome: Suspect shot by police, then Arrested
Suspect opened fire with a rifle inside the crowded U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active ShootersSuspect: Maj nadal Malik Hasan
Location: Ft Hood, TX
Date: November 5, 2009
Casualties: Killed 13 persons
Outcome: Suspect shot by police, then Arrested
JTTF was aware of emails with Anwar al-Awlaki & was monitoring as threat. Militant Islamic Convictions
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active ShootersSuspect: Jared Lee Loughner
Location: Tucson, AZ
Date: January 8, 2011
Casualties: Killed 6 people (including a Federal judge);and wounded 14 people(Rep. Giffords critically injured)
Outcome: Suspect arrested
Loughner targeted the Congresswoman’s constituent event (soft target)
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active ShootersSuspect: Anders Behring Breivik
• Location: Oslo, Norway; and UtøyaIsland
• Date: July 22, 2011
• Casualties: Killed 76 people (8 in Oslo bombing and 68 in Utøya shooting); wounded 60 people
• Outcome: Suspect surrendered to police
• Political Terrorism (Target: Norway Labor Party)
• Vehicle Borne IED, RugerMini-14 Carbine, Glock17 pistol; reportedly bought supplies on eBay
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active ShootersSuspect: James Eagan Holmes
• Location: Aurora, CO Cineplex
• Date: July 20, 2012
• Casualties: Killed 12 people; wounded 70 people
• Outcome: Suspect arrested by police
• Weapons: 12 gauge 870, MP15 Semi-auto rifle (100 round drum), Glock-22 40 cal pistol
• Attire: Dressed in tactical clothing, sets off tear gas, opens fire on the audience
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active ShootersSuspect: Adam Lanza
•Location: Sandy Hook Elementary, Newtown, CT
• Date: December 14, 2012
• Casualties: Killed 27 people (26 at school and his mother)
• Outcome: Suspect committed suicide
• Weapons: Bushmaster XM15-E2S rifle, Glock 10mm semi-auto pistol (9mm Sig Sauer P226 and a Saiga 12-Gauge shotgun and large amount of ammunition were also recovered at the scene)
• Capability: 155 shots fired in the first 5 minutes
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active ShootersSuspect: Aaron Alexis
• Location: Navy Yard, Wash DC
• Date: September 16, 2013
• Casualties: Killed 12 people; wounded 3
• Outcome: Suspect committed suicide
• Weapons: 870 Remington shotgun, and a 9mm Beretta pistol (taken from a security guard he killed).
• Stability: History of mental illness, disciplinary actions, arrests involving weapons
32Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active ShootersSuspect: Aaron Ybarra
• Location: Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA
• Date: June 6, 2014
• Casualties: Killed 1 person; wounded 2
• Outcome: Suspect arrested after being detained by student guard
• Weapons: Shotgun, 50 shells on his person, 25 more in his truck
• Stability: History of mental illness, diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder and transient psychosis, stopped taking medications
33Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Examples of Active ShootersSuspect: Jaylen Ray Fryberg
• Location: Pilchuck High School, Marysville, WA
• Date: October 24, 2014
• Casualties: Killed 5 persons; wounded 2
• Outcome: Suspect committed suicide
• Weapons: .40-caliber Beretta Handgun
• Stability: Fryberg was described as “generally happy” and “not a violent person”. His twitter posts were described as emotional, just hours before shootings.
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Changes in Police Response and Tactics
Response most likely by patrol
Non-traditional responseMinimum number of
officersMore tactically equippedSpecialized trainingAble to transition from
an active shooting situation into a barricade situation
Team movementTeam trainingIED trainingBooby traps trainingExplosive breaching
programsRapid command,
control, and communications
Security is Everyone's Responsibility
Department of Homeland Security Email:[email protected] http://www.dhs.gov
Center for Personal Protection and Safety http://www.cppssite.com/
How to plan for Workplace Emergencies and Evacuations, US Dept of Labor, OSHA http://www.osha.gov
USDOC, Office of Security, Emergency Operations Center , 202-482-5100 or 888-362-6544 http://www.osec.doc.gov/osy/
USDOC, Office of Security, Western Region, Seattle, WA, 206-526-6653 http://www.wrc.noaa.gov/wrso
Resources