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Alexander Skorka - February 2016 Using Icons (Instant Infographics) – Data Visualisation’s next leap in evolution! Aesthetics, clarity and expressiveness are the cornerstones of successful visualisation. Since their invention in 1786 by Scotsman William Playfair, bar charts, pie charts, and line graphs have become the standard in data visualisation. If used properly, they offer clarity but, all too often, this is at the expense of aesthetics and expressiveness. Alongside the results of the actual data analysis, attractive visualisations can help you to make more informed decisions. Communicating critical information to the intended target group is essential. Data analysis is no longer reserved solely for business analysts as a growing number of stakeholders is demanding actionable information. Analytical and marketing knowledge, which is often only available in limited circumstances, requires the clear and simple visual presentation of complex issues. At the same time, modern media are setting new standards in infotainment, against which modern dashboards must be measured. It's not surprising that an increasing number of companies are placing more and more value on professional information designs. The results of a current study by the BARC consultation and market research institute show that more than three-quarters of the companies interviewed (78 per cent) rate information design as 'important' or 'very important'. Taking these facts into consideration it is crucial to come to grips with the different options of data visualisation. Classic forms of data visualisation Charts, a presentation form which is supported by almost all dashboard applications, are still the most widely used form of data visualisation. They offer one decisive advantage: they help you visualise proportions. Noticeable anomalies are easily recognised. The importance of individual partial aspects is clearly visible and trends can be identified immediately. However, the answers to questions such as "What information is being presented here? What exactly is being compared, what partial aspects are shown?" only spring to the observer's mind after intensive scrutiny. In the case of complex presentations with a lot of data points, attention is split as the eye must dart between the chart itself, the labels on the
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AlexanderSkorka-February2016

UsingIcons(InstantInfographics)–DataVisualisation’snextleapinevolution!Aesthetics,clarityandexpressivenessarethecornerstonesofsuccessfulvisualisation.Sincetheirinventionin1786byScotsmanWilliamPlayfair,barcharts,piecharts,andlinegraphshavebecomethestandardindatavisualisation.Ifusedproperly,theyofferclaritybut,alltoooften,thisisattheexpenseofaestheticsandexpressiveness.Alongsidetheresultsoftheactualdataanalysis,attractivevisualisationscanhelpyoutomakemoreinformeddecisions.Communicatingcriticalinformationtotheintendedtargetgroupisessential.Dataanalysisisnolongerreservedsolelyforbusinessanalystsasagrowingnumberofstakeholdersisdemandingactionableinformation.Analyticalandmarketingknowledge,whichisoftenonlyavailableinlimitedcircumstances,requirestheclearandsimplevisualpresentationofcomplexissues.Atthesametime,modernmediaaresettingnewstandardsininfotainment,againstwhichmoderndashboardsmustbemeasured.It'snotsurprisingthatanincreasingnumberofcompaniesareplacingmoreandmorevalueonprofessionalinformationdesigns.TheresultsofacurrentstudybytheBARCconsultationandmarketresearchinstituteshowthatmorethanthree-quartersofthecompaniesinterviewed(78percent)rateinformationdesignas'important'or'veryimportant'.Takingthesefactsintoconsiderationitiscrucialtocometogripswiththedifferentoptionsofdatavisualisation.ClassicformsofdatavisualisationCharts,apresentationformwhichissupportedbyalmostalldashboardapplications,arestillthemostwidelyusedformofdatavisualisation.Theyofferonedecisiveadvantage:theyhelpyouvisualiseproportions.Noticeableanomaliesareeasilyrecognised.Theimportanceofindividualpartialaspectsisclearlyvisibleandtrendscanbeidentifiedimmediately.However,theanswerstoquestionssuchas"Whatinformationisbeingpresentedhere?Whatexactlyisbeingcompared,whatpartialaspectsareshown?"onlyspringtotheobserver'smindafterintensivescrutiny.Inthecaseofcomplexpresentationswithalotofdatapoints,attentionissplitastheeyemustdartbetweenthechartitself,thelabelsonthe

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axesandthelegend.Theresult?Manyusersfocusonindividualanomaliesonlyandfindithardtoseethebigpicture.Inaddition,amisuseofcolourcanconfusetheusersanddistractthemfromrevealingrelevantinsights.

Figure1:Chartsvisualiseproportionsbutitisdifficulttoseewhatthechartisallaboutataglance.Infographicshavebeenpartofthevisualisationmethodforsometimenow.Theirstrengthliesshowingtheoverallcontextinagraphicallyappealingandclearmanner.Infographicsillustrateconceptsandcoherenciesbyusingdifferenttechniques.Theviewerisabletounderstandataglancewhatthevisualisallaboutandhowindividualpartialaspectsarerelated.Thevisualisationoftheassociateddatatakesabackseatandfiguresarebroadlyshownastext.

Figure2:Infographicshelptheviewerstoorientatethemselvesquickly.Unfortunately,theactualvisualisationofthedataand,withit,thevisualisationofproportions,isoftenlost.Thischangedpriorityiscausedbyanever-increasinggroupofstakeholderswhopossesslittletonoknowledgeofthesubjectoranalysismethods,butwhomusthowevermakedecisionsbasedonfacts.

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Notebooks Entertainment Life Style Proucts

Statisfaction with produt range by target group

82% 76% 63%

55% 64% 88%

77% 73% 54%

Singles Couples Families

Notebooks

Entertainment

Life Style products

Statisfaction with produt range by target group

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Thistargetgrouprequiresanappealingandeasytounderstandinformationdesign.Theywanttounderstandwhat'sgoingonquickly.Insteadoftraditionalcharts,attractiveandinformalgraphicsarerequired.Manystakeholderssufferfrominformationoverload,meaningtheinformationmustbepresentedinacompellingway.Themorevisuallyappealinginformationispresented,themoreapersonislikelytoengagewithit.Diagramsandinfographicsaremergingtogethertobecomeanewtypeofvisualisation:"InstantInfographics".Mergingthebestofbothvisualisationtechniquesintoone,new,moderninformationdesignisalogicalstepforward.Ifyoucombinebothmannersofthinking,yougetinstantInfographics.Iconsallowbothconceptsandproportionstobevisualisedattractivelyandinaneasytounderstandway.Inaddition,memoryretentionisincreased.Evenifpeoplerarelycomeintocontactwiththisinformation,theywillrememberwhatthey'veseenforlonger.

Figure3:Ontheonehand,thesymbolsizeillustratestheproportionsandaffordstheviewerwithaquickrésuméofstrengthsandweaknesses.Ontheotherhand,thesymbolsonthecolumnlabelssupportthereadersbyallowingthemtoquicklyunderstandwhat'sallabout.Goodinformationdesignshouldnotonlysafeguardusersfromcontent-relatedmistakes,itshouldalsomaketheirworkeasier.Manydashboardstendtopacktoomuchinformationinajumbleofchartsandtexts,whichhasanegativeeffectonintelligibilityandeaseofinterpretation.Thesearetwoaspectswhichareessentialforextrapolatingeffectivemeasures.Thesheeramountofinformationmakesitdifficultforviewerstounderstandandtodecidewhenandwheretheyshouldact.Goodinformationdesign,therefore,guidestheuserthroughtheinformation.Onewayisthecorrectuseofcolour,e.g.:atraffic-lightsystemishelpfulwhenclassifyingthings.Theviewernolongerhastoconsiderwhetheravalueobtainedisturningoutwellorbadlyandwhetheritisnecessarytoact.

82% 76% 63%

55% 64% 88%

77% 73% 54%

Singles Couples Families

Notebooks

Entertainment

Life Style products

Statisfaction with produt range by target group

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Pleasebeawareofanoftenunderestimatedproblem.Fivepercentofthepopulationfindsithardtotellthedifferencebetweenredandgreenandhave,therefore,aconditioncommonlyknownasred-greencolourblindness.Alongsidethis,thereareapproximatelytwentyothervariantsofcolourblindness,whichcanmakeitdifficultfortheaffectedusertointerpretachart.Thenewgenerationofinfographicscanhelpthesepeople.Comparethefollowingpresentationvariants.Thesameinformationwillbepresentedeachtime,yettheinformationdesignusedwillbedifferent.Thescoperangesfromtheclassiccharttothemoderninstantinfographic.1.Iconsizevariesdependingonthevalue(figureontheright)

2.Iconsizeandcolourconformtotherelevantvalue(figureontheright)

82% 76% 63%

55% 64% 88%

77% 73% 54%

Singles Couples Families

Notebooks

Entertainment

Life Style products

Statisfaction with produt range by target group

Singles Couples Families

82%

55%

77% 76%64%

73%63%

88%

54%

Notebooks Entertainment Life Style Proucts

Statisfaction with product range by target group

82% 76% 63%

55% 64% 88%

77% 73% 54%

Singles Couples Families

Notebooks

Entertainment

Life Style products

Statisfaction with product range by target group

82% 76% 63%

55% 64% 88%

77% 73% 54%

Singles Couples Families

Notebooks

Entertainment

Life Style products

Statisfaction with product range by target group

82% 76% 63%

55% 64% 88%

77% 73% 54%

Singles Couples Families

Notebooks

Entertainment

Life Style products

Statisfaction with product range by target group

82% 76% 63%

55% 64% 88%

77% 73% 54%

Singles Couples Families

Notebooks

Entertainment

Life Style products

Statisfaction with product range by target group

Singles Couples Families

82%

55%

77% 76%64%

73%63%

88%

54%

Notebooks Entertainment Life Style Proucts

Statisfaction with product range by target group

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3.Iconispartiallyfilledcorrespondingtoeachvalue(figureontheright)

4.Iconshapeandcolourchangesdependingoneachvalue(figureontheright)

Asalways,thecorrectmixmakesthedifference.Goodinformationdesignmakesuseoftheentirerangeofpossibilities.Whereasinfographicspresentcentralkeyperformanceindicators(KPIs)inaneye-catchingandeasytounderstandmanner,chartsaremoresuitableforvisualisinglargeamountsofdata.Abouttheauthor

AlexanderspentmorethanthreeyearsworkingasheadoftechnicaloperationsatTNSGermanymanagingtheentireproductionchainfromdatacollectingtoinformationdelivery.Priortothat,heservedasamemberofthemanagementboardatKantarHealthheadingtheoperationalunitsaswellasmarketresearchteams.Hestartedhisprofessionallifeasamanagingdirectorofaserviceandtrainingproviderforvisualcommunication,datavisualization,andpresentationdesign.Assuch,heishighlyexperiencedinthemarketresearchindustryandanexpertininformationvisualizationanddelivery.InhisroleasChiefEvangelistofDapresyGrouphehelpscustomerstomakethemostoutofDapresy’sproductsbybothcreatingsolutionsbasedontheDapresyproductportfolioandconsultingcustomersonhowtotransformdataintoimpactandmaximizeoutcomes.

28% 19% 53%Detractors Passives Promoters

Net Promotor Scoreby category

28%19%

53%

Detractors Passives Promoters

Net Promotor Scoreby category

Detractors Passives Promoters

28% 19% 53%

Net Promotor Scoreby category

79%

FeltWelcome

Customer Satisfaction

65%

ReasonableWaitingTime

53%

Knowledge-able Staff

88%

Product Range

66%

Value for Money 79%

FeltWelcome

Customer Satisfaction

65%

ReasonableWaitingTime

53%

Knowledge-able Staff

88%

Product Range

66%

Value for Money

79%

FeltWelcome

Customer Satisfaction

65%

ReasonableWaitingTime

53%

Knowledge-able Staff

88%

Product Range

66%

Value for Money


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