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Validation of a Germination Method for Chenopodium quinoa Lesly González and Ignacio Aranciaga ISTA Annual Meeting 2018 - Sapporo, Japan
Validation of a Germination Method forChenopodium quinoa
Lesly González and Ignacio Aranciaga
ISTA Annual Meeting 2018 - Sapporo, Japan
• The aim of this presentation is to introduce the preliminary data obtained regarding the Quinoa validation study
OBJECTIVE
• During the last 30 years the interest in this crop has increased considerablydue mainly to their known nutritional compositionas well as its medicinal uses
INTRODUCTION
• Chenopodium quinoa is originally from the Andean region of northwestern South America and nowadays it is produced in more than 70 countries
• Is an annual herbaceous plant, which usually reaches a height of 1 to 2 m
• In addition to the test organizers, the following laboratories participated in the realization of a multi-laboratorycollaborative validation test:
ArgentinaINASE
National Seed InstituteIgnacio Aranciaga
ChileSAG-Livestock and Agricultural Service
Official Seed Testing LaboratoryLesly González
France
GEVES-SNES
Sylvie Ducournau
Argentina
Rayen Seed Testing Laboratory
Augusto Martinelli
Israel
Official Seed Testing Laboratory.Lea Mazor
United States
SGS Mid-West Seed Services, Inc
Sarah Dammen
PARTICIPATING LABORATORIES
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Seed material
• Three lots of untreated Chenopodium quinoa seed were preliminary tested in the laboratory of Chile
Germination methods tested
• Growing media: TP and BP
• Breaking dormancy treatments used: Prechill for 7 days at 5-10°CKNO3 0,2%
• Seedlings were assessed according to Seedling Type E,Seedling Group A-2-1-1-1 according toISTA Handbook on Seedling Evaluation
• 4 replicates of 100 seeds per lot/method tested
• Light: 8 hours per day
• Germination counts: first count: 4th dayfinal count 7th day
• Temperature regime: 20°C and 2030 °C
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Table 1. Germination methods tested
Test
N°
Temperature
Regime
Germination
Media
Dormancy
breaking
pre-treatment
Light Intermediate
count
(days)
Final Count
1 20°C TP None 8 hours 4 7
2 20°C TP
Prechill 7 days (5-
10°C) 8 hours
4 7
3 20°C TP KNO3 (0.2%) on
germination media
8 hours 4 7
4 2030 °C TP None 8 hours 4 7
5 2030 °C TP
Prechill 7 days (5-
10°C) 8 hours 4 7
6 2030 °C TP
KNO3 (0.2%) on
germination media 8 hours 4 7
7 20°C BP None 8 hours 4 7
8 20°C BP
Prechill 7 days (5-
10°C) 8 hours 4 7
9 20°C BP
KNO3 (0.2%) on
germination media 8 hours 4 7
10 2030 °C BP None 8 hours 4 7
11 2030 °C BP
Prechill 7 days (5-
10°C) 8 hours 4 7
12 2030 °C BP
KNO3 (0.2%) on
germination media 8 hours 4 7
RESULTS/COMMENTS
• 4 months before the samples were sent to the participants, preliminary tests were carried out, obtaining high germination results in the 3 lots.
• After analyzing the data of all the laboratories, the following results were obtained:
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Lot 1(240)
Lot 2(240)
Lot 3(240)
% G
erm
inat
ion
Figure 1. Percentage of normal seedlings for all laboratoriesand all testing methods, per lot.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Lab1 Lab2 Lab3 Lab4 Lab5 Lab6
%G
erm
inat
ion
Figure 2. Percentage of normal seedlings for all the samples and all testing methods, per laboratory.
• RESULTS
Figure 3. Percentage of normal seedlings for all lots and all laboratories. Figure 4. Percentage of normal seedlings depending on germination testing method
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
<%G
erm
inat
ion
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
%G
erm
inat
ion
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
% G
erm
inat
ion
Figure 5. Percentage of normal seedlings depending on the testing method, per lot
• RESULTS
ANALYSIS OF THE PRELIMINARY STATISTICALS RESULTS
It was observed that:
• BP and TP, showed no significant differences between them.
• Regardless of the treatment used, higher germinationpercentages were always obtained at 20 °C instead of2030°C.
• Higher germination percentages were obtained using prechillinstead of KNO3 or without pretreatment.
• Initially, the best method obtained for Chenopodium quinoa was:BP or TP; 20°C; 4 – 7 days; with a recommended pre-treatmentof prechill for 7 days at 5-10°C.
• However, there were a considerable decrease in the % of normalseedlings, in the results obtained by the laboratoriesand the validation study was not approved.
PRELIMINARY CONCLUSIONS OBTAINED
• It was considered necessary to carry out a new comparativestudy and analyze previously if this fall in the germination valuecould be due to an specific problem of this species, or not.
NEW VALIDATION STUDY 2017-2018
• 9 new quinoa samples were preliminary tested inthe laboratory of Chile.
• These samples correspond to 9 different ecotypes collectedfrom the extreme north to the insular area of southernChile.
• Germination testing conditions were reduced, consideringjust those that showed better results on the first validation.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Seed material
Germination methods tested
• Breaking dormancy treatment used:Prechill for 7 days at 5-10°C
• Seedlings were assessed according to:seedling Type E – Seedling Group A-2-1-1-1
• Growing media: TP and BP
• Light: 8 hours per day
• Temperature regime: 20°C
• Germination counts: first count: 4th dayfinal count 7th
MATERIAL AND METHODS
• All the samples were evaluated in July 2017 and then in February 2018 with the aim of analyzegermination evolution of the same samples during the course of the year
NEW RESULTS
84
83
92
88 9
1 95 9
9
90
95
82
91 92
91
87
98 99
88 9
2
88
81
91
85
91 93
88 90
90
84
96
96
91
86 8
9
84
98
96
% G
GERMINATION OF NINE QUINOA SAMPLES TESTED IN BP METHOD DURING 20 17-2018
%GERMINATION 2017 %GERMINATION 2018
ANALYSIS OF THE NEW RESULTS
• None of the samples decreased their quality considerably during the year and the percentages of germination of all of them were over 84%
• The range of germination obtained by the sampleswas between 84 and 98%
• Select 4 samples for the new comparative test.
NEXT STEPS
• Include in the comparative test the methods using TP-BP and 20°C with or without prechill.
• Analyze them at 2-3 months of harvest and immediately send them to the participating laboratoriesto start the analysis.
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION
