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VE-Ware User GuideRevit Toolbar Integration

<Virtual Environment> 5.9

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Contents

1. Installation.........................................................................................................32. IES <VE> menu .................................................................................................33. Set Model Properties ........................................................................................4

3.1. Check Model ........................................................................................................................ 43.2. Building Data ........................................................................................................................ 5

3.2.1. Building Type............................................................................................................... 53.2.2. Building Constructions................................................................................................. 53.2.3. Building Service........................................................................................................... 63.2.4. Place and Location ...................................................................................................... 7

3.3. Room Data ........................................................................................................................... 83.3.1. Room Type .................................................................................................................. 93.3.2. Room Constructions .................................................................................................... 93.3.3. Building Service......................................................................................................... 10

3.4. 2030 Challenge .................................................................................................................. 103.4.1. Set model properties: 2030 Settings ......................................................................... 113.4.2. Variables used for building types NOT listed in 2030 Challenge Targets................. 13

4. VE-Ware output documentation ....................................................................165. Appendix A: 2030 Challenge Targets............................................................186. Appendix B: Fuel factors ...............................................................................19

6.1. IP units ............................................................................................................................... 196.2. Metric units ......................................................................................................................... 20

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1. InstallationTo install VE-Ware you require either Revit Architecture 2008/09 or Revit MEP 2008/09installed. Download VE-Ware and the Revit plug-in Toolbar from the IES website & installthe package. Once the install has completed launch Revit Architecture 2008/09 or RevitMEP 2008/09 and open a project. You should now see the IES Toolbar as shown in thebelow image.

Pre-Release version of VE-Ware

Full 5.9.0 Release version

2. IES <VE> menuThe following drop down menu will appear in Revit Architecture 2009 or Revit MEP 2009

Set Model Properties opens the Model Properties dialogue (explained in section 3)

VE-Ware performs simulations for building thermal performance based on dynamic thermalanalysis. It produces a results report showing the Energy consumption and Carbon emissionsfor the model as well as the performance of the design against Architecture 2030 Challenge.Note: it is required to Set Model Properties for the project prior to running VE-Ware

VE-Toolkit offers different analysis options for thermal performance for No Shading, ExternalShading and Solar Penetration, as well as Daylight assessments, CIBSE and ASHRAE LoadsCalculation, Solar Shading animation, and LEED Daylighting credit analysis.Note: it is required to Set Model Properties for the project prior to running VE-Toolkits

IESVE.com directs to the IES website

Model Guidance launches the Building Performance Analysis using Revit paper produced byAutodesk.

Help launches the VE-Ware user guide.

About allows the user to select between IP units and Metric units.

Note: When units have been changed it is required to open Set Model Properties beforerunning any application.

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3. Set Model PropertiesThe Set Model Properties window allows the imported model to be viewed with theModelviewer controls (for further information regarding the Modelviewer please see theModelIT User Guide). Template data can be set for individual rooms or the entire building asdesired.

3.1. Check Model

Following the advice given in the Building Performance Analysis Using Revit document(available from our website and from Autodesk) the gbXML should be of a high quality but it isstill very important to check the model has been properly exported before any analyses areperformed.

Click the Check Model button to generate the IES Model Room Check Report.This report gives information regarding the geometry of each room in the model with anyvalues outside expected bounds highlighted.

Missing Surfaces shows rooms that may have gaps where surfaces do not join correctly. It isimportant these problems are identified and corrected as the missing area may allow light,solar radiation and air flow thermal transfer between zones. This would affect the calculationresults.

Ratios and areas of walls, floors etc should be compared to original designs to ensure all datahas been correctly transferred to the <VE> model.

When the model data has been checked and confirmed then the IES Report can be closedand the check box can be ticked.

It will not be possible to set Model Properties until this has been done.

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3.2. Building Data

Early in the design process room layout and usage may not yet be known. Analysis can stillbe performed, however, by assigning more general data to the entire building on the BuildingTab of Set Model Properties.

Simply by defining usage, constructions, an HVAC System and the location of the entirebuilding it is possible to start using VE-Ware to get early Energy, Carbon and Architecture2030 Challenge assessments and compare different architectural design options.

3.2.1. Building Type

Simply define the main use of the building from the list which includes Office, Hotel andUniversity/School amongst others. This is used to apply thermal template data includingHeating and Cooling Set Points, Internal Gains and Air Exchanges.

3.2.2. Building Constructions

This is used to apply constructions from the Constructions Database to surfaces and openingsin the building.

Click the Constructions Button to open the Building Construction dialog.

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The only Construction Type available to edit here is for the whole building. Simply choose aconstruction for each Surface and Opening in the model from the extensive lists. Theseconstructions will then be applied to each occurrence of that surface in the building.

Note: Construction data in the form of Revit Architecture or Revit MEP is not passed directlyfrom the model.

3.2.3. Building Service

This is used to select an HVAC System for the entire building. Choose an option from the list

Building System MechanismActive Chilled Beam Heating and coolingCentral Heating Convectors Heating onlyCentral Heating Hot Air Heating onlyCentral Heating Radiant Floors Heating onlyCentral Heating Radiators Heating onlyConstant Volume Dual Duct Heating and coolingConstant Volume Fixed O A Heating and coolingConstant Volume Terminal Reheat Heating and coolingConstant Volume Variable O A Heating and coolingFan Coil System Heating and coolingForced Convection Heater Flue Heating onlyForced Convection Heater No Flue Heating onlyInduction System Heating and coolingMultizone Hot Deck Cold Deck Heating and coolingOther Room Heater Heating onlyRadiant Cooled Ceilings Heating and coolingRadiant Heater Flued Heating onlyRadiant Heater Multiburner Heating onlyRadiant Heater No Flued Heating onlySplit Systems With Mechanical Ventilation Heating onlySplit Systems With Mechanical Ventilation With Cooling Heating and coolingSplit Systems With Natural Ventilation Heating onlyV A V Dual Duct Heating and coolingV A V Indoor Packaged Cabinet Heating and coolingV A V Single Duct Heating and coolingVariable Refrigerant Flow Heating and coolingWater Loop Heat Pump Heating and cooling

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3.2.4. Place and Location

This allows the building geographical position to be set. This defines the Weather, Climatedata, Sun Path and Light across the building that are used in Sustainability Calculations.

Latitude and Longitude information about the current location can be viewed by clicking thePlace and Location button.

To change location click the Select button. This opens the Select Site Location dialog whichshows the locations available in each Continent. Choose the location which is nearest towhere the building will be constructed.

Fuel Factor Region displays the eGRID subregion for the US or the region for Australiawhere different Carbon Emission Factors are applied to the Energy consumption of thebuilding in order to calculate the Carbon Emission. The fuel factors applied can be seen inAppendix B.

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3.3. Room Data

Later in the design stage, when more detailed information about the building is available, datacan be applied to individual rooms to obtain more accurate analysis results.

To enter Room Data click on the Rooms Tab.

Data is applied to each room similar to the way it was applied to the building in the Building Tab.The Level, Select and Isolate buttons make it easier to check the data is applied to the correctroom.

Level – Select rooms by storey i.e. ground floor, first floor, second floor.

Select buttonWhen the Select Button is pressed the Modelviewer will display the building as an x-ray with anyselected rooms highlighted Red.

Isolate ButtonWhen the Isolate Button is pressed the Modelviewer only displays the rooms that are selectedon the list.

Room Type, Room Construction and Room (HVAC) System can be used to apply data to theselected room(s). This will override the Building Type data applied for the selected rooms.

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3.3.1. Room Type

Define the use of the room by selecting an option from the list. This is used to apply thermaltemplate data including Heating and Cooling Set Points, Internal Gains and Air Exchanges.

Select <Building> to make the Room Activity the same as is set for the Building.

Note: Spaces whose room type is chosen as “unoccupiable” or “plenum” will NOT beconsidered “habitable area” therefore will not be part of the area calculations of the building forthe Energy Use Intensity.

3.3.2. Room Constructions

This is used to apply constructions from the Constructions Database to surfaces and openingsin the rooms.

Click the Constructions Button to open the Room Construction dialog.

Note: this differs from Building Construction as multiple Construction Types can now becreated and applied to different rooms.

New button - adds a new Construction Type with default constructions.

Delete button – Deletes the currently selected Construction Type.

Duplicate button – Copies the currently selected Construction Type.

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3.3.3. Building Service

If any rooms use a different HVAC System from the one selected for the building thiscan be specified here. Select <Building> to use the same system as the Building.

3.4. 2030 Challenge

“Buildings are the major source of demand for energy and materials that produce by-productgreenhouse gases (GHG). Slowing the growth rate of GHG emissions and then reversing it overthe next ten years is the key to keeping global warming under one degree centigrade (°C) abovetoday's level. It will require immediate action and a concerted global effort.

To accomplish this, Architecture 2030 has issued The 2030 Challenge asking the globalarchitecture and building community to adopt the following targets:”

- Currently every new building committed to the 2030 Challenge must reduce its energyconsumption by 50% compared to a benchmark building which is calculated based onthe design building. Every 5 years this target will be increased by 10% until it reachescarbon neutrality in 2030.

- 60% in 2010- 70% in 2015- 80% in 2020- 90% in 2025- Carbon-neutral in 2030

Further information can be found at the Architecture 2030 Challenge website

Two basic calculation methods are used to calculate the benchmark design depending on thebuilding type:

Building types listed in the 2030 Challenge Energy Reduction Targets. For thesebuilding types the energy reduction targets are calculated as direct percentages of theaverage energy value. Targets can be found in Appendix A or 2030 Challenge EnergyTargets

Building types available in EPA’s Target Finder. These building types use a database ofexisting buildings to match the energy consumption of the equivalent existing building foreach target: Target Finder website.

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3.4.1. Set model properties: 2030 Settings

This is where Architecture 2030 Challenge building type is defined and cooling and heating fuelare identified.

Note: Energy Simulation Name does not apply to VE-Ware.

3.4.1.1. 2030 Building Type

A. Building Types that use Target Finder

The following list of building types use Target Finder to calculate the average building basedon a database of existing buildings. This evaluates the mean energy consumption in theexisting market to determine the average building and then uses a regression model to getcomparable designs for each target. The variables that affect the regression model aredifferent for each building type (see section 1.4.2.).

Building Types usingTarget Finder calculation

Reference Database (*)

Administrative/Professional andGovernment Office

Commercial Buildings Expenditures and ConsumptionSurvey (CBECS) 2003

Bank CBECS 2003Hospital: Acute care/children’scategory

Electric Power Research Institute’s (EPRI) EnergyBenchmarking Survey, 1997

Hotel (Upper Upscale) Hospitality Research Group’s (HRG) Trends in the HotelIndustry database, 1999

Hotel (Upscale) HRG 1999Hotel (Mid-scale with food) HRG 1999Hotel (Mid-scale no food) HRG 1999Hotel (Economy) HRG 1999K-12 School CBECS 1999Medical Office CBECS 1999Residence hall/Dormitory CBECS 1999Retail store Department of Energy (DOE), Energy Information

Administration’s 1992 & CBECS 1995Retail store (non-refrigerated) DOE 1992 & CBECS 1995Supermarket/Grocery CBECS 2003Warehouse (Non-refrigerated) CBECS 1999Warehouse (Refrigerated) CBECS 1999

(*) See portfolio Manager’s Energy Star:

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B. Building Types listed in the 2030 Challenge Energy Reduction Targets

The following list of building types are listed in the 2030 Challenge Energy Reduction Targets(see Appendix A). The Average Building Energy Use Consumption and the 2030 Targets arestatic and given by Architecture 2030:

Building Types listed in the 2030 ChallengeEnergy Reduction Targets (*)

Clinic/other outpatient healthCollege/UniversityConvenience store (with or without gas station)Distribution shipping centerFast foodFire station/police stationNursing home/assisted livingPublic assemblyReligious worshipRestaurant/cafeteriaSelf-storageService (vehicle repair/service, postal service)Single-Family Detached (National Average)Single-Family Attached (National Average)Multi-Family, 2 to 4 units (National Average)Multi-Family, 5 or more units (National Average)Mobile homes (National Average)

(*) See 2030 Target Table:

3.4.1.2. Cooling and heating fuels

Fuel type can be selected for heating and cooling systems. The rest of the systems such asfans, pumps and control; lights; and other equipment use electricity as their fuel type.

The selection of the fuel types affects the calculation of the Carbon Emissions and also, forbuilding types using the Target Finder calculation method, the Average Building Energy UseIntensity.

The fuel factors assigned are linked to the location of the building. ‘Fuel Factor Region’ isdisplayed on ‘Select Site Location Dialogue’:

For the US the fuel factors are taken from Energy Star values.o For fuels other than electricity the fuel factors are national averages.o Electricity fuel factor follows the eGRID subregions division (Fuel factor region).

For Australia the fuel factors are taken from Green Star Australia:o For fuels other than electricity and gas the fuel factors are national averages.o Electricity and gas fuel factors follow the Australia regions division.

For any other countries fuel factors are taken from UK CIBSE (Chartered Institution ofBuilding Services Engineers).

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3.4.2. Variables used for building types NOT listed in 2030 Challenge Targets

The variables derived from the model are taken from the weather file, the templates and the roomdata. The rest of the variables use the following default specifications:

Note: the minimum and maximum values that act as filters for specific variables. If these filter valuesare not met the 2030 Challenge calculation cannot be performed.

3.4.2.1. Administrative/Professional and Government Office

- Gross Floor Area: Calculated from model. (Min value = 5,000 sqft; Max value = 1,000,000 sqft)- Operating hours: Default value = 65 (editable)- Workers on Main Shift: taken from templates of building and room types.- Number of PCs: Default value = 2 PCs per 1,000 sqft- Percent of Gross Floor Area that is Air Conditioned: Calculated from model- Percent of Gross Floor Area that is Heated: Calculated from model- Heating Degree Days (HDD 65F): Calculated from weather file- Cooling Degree Days (CDD 65F): Calculated from weather file

3.4.2.2. Bank

- Gross Floor Area: Calculated from model (Min value = 5,000 sqft; Max value = 1,000,000 sqft)- Operating hours: Default value = 65 (editable)- Workers on Main Shift: taken from templates of building and room types.- Number of PCs: Default value = 2 PCs per 1,000 sqft- Percent of Gross Floor Area that is Air Conditioned: Calculated from model- Percent of Gross Floor Area that is Heated: Calculated from model- Heating Degree Days (HDD 65F): Calculated from weather file- Cooling Degree Days (CDD 65F): Calculated from weather file

3.4.2.3. Retail store

- Gross Floor Area: Calculated from model (Min value = 5,000 sqft; Max value = 1,000,000 sqft)- Operating hours: Default value = 65 (editable)- Workers on Main Shift: taken from templates of building and room types.- Number of PCs: Default value = 0.2 PCs per 1,000 sqft- Number of cash registers: Default value = 0.3 per 1,000 sqft- Number of walk-in refrigerators: Default value = (6 * Gross floor area) / 45,000- Number of open/close refrigerators: Default value = 1.1 refrigerators per 1,000 sqft- Percent of Gross Floor Area that is Air Conditioned: Calculated from model- Percent of Gross Floor Area that is Heated: Calculated from model- Heating Degree Days (HDD 65F): Calculated from weather file- Cooling Degree Days (CDD 65F): Calculated from weather file

3.4.2.4. Retail store (non-refrigerated)

- Gross Floor Area: Calculated from model (Min value = 5,000 sqft; Max value = 1,000,000 sqft)- Operating hours: Default value = 65 (editable)- Workers on Main Shift: taken from templates of building and room types.- Number of PCs: Default value = 0.2 PCs per 1,000 sqft- Number of cash registers: Default value = 0.3 per 1,000 sqft- Number of walk-in refrigerators: Default value = 0- Number of open/close refrigerators: Default value = 0- Percent of Gross Floor Area that is Air Conditioned: Calculated from model- Percent of Gross Floor Area that is Heated: Calculated from model- Heating Degree Days (HDD 65F): Calculated from weather file- Cooling Degree Days (CDD 65F): Calculated from weather file

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3.4.2.5. Hospital (Acute Care/Children’s)

- Gross floor area: Calculated from model (Min value = 20,000 sqft)- Acute Care/Children’s Category: Default value = yes- Tertiary Care: Default value = yes- Number of bed: Default value = 2.8 beds per 1,000 sqft- Number of floors: Calculated from model- Ground parking facility: Default value = no- HDD (65F): Calculated from weather file- CDD (65F): Calculated from weather file

3.4.2.6. Hotel Upper Upscale

- Gross floor area: Calculated from model- Number of rooms: Calculated from model- Cooking facility: Default value = yes

3.4.2.7. Hotel Upscale

- Gross floor area: Calculated from model- Number of rooms: Calculated from model- Cooking facility: Default value = yes- HDD (65F): Calculated from weather file- CDD (65F): Calculated from weather file

3.4.2.8. Hotel Midscale with Food and Beverage Service

- Gross floor area: Calculated from model- Number of rooms: Calculated from model- Cooking facility: Default value = yes- HDD (65F): Calculated from weather file- CDD (65F): Calculated from weather file

3.4.2.9. Hotel Midscale without Food and Beverage Service

- Gross floor area: Calculated from model- Number of rooms: Calculated from model- Cooking facility: Default value = no- HDD (65F): Calculated from weather file- CDD (65F): Calculated from weather file

3.4.2.10. Hotel Economy and Budget

- Gross floor area: Calculated from model- Number of rooms: Calculated from model- Cooking facility: Default value = no- HDD (65F): Calculated from weather file- CDD (65F): Calculated from weather file

3.4.2.11. K-12 Schools

- Gross floor area: Calculated from model (Min value = 5,000 sqft; Max value = 1,000,000 sqft)- Operating hours: Default value = 65 (editable)- Number of PCs: Default value = 1 PC per 1,000 sqft- Number of students: Default value = 10 students per 1,000 sqft- Mechanical ventilation: Default value = yes- Months open: Default value = 12 (yes)- Cooking facilities: Default value = yes- % Heated: Calculated from model

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- % Cooled: Calculated from model- HDD (65F): Calculated from weather file- CDD (65F): Calculated from weather file

3.4.2.12. Medical office

- Gross floor area: Calculated from model(Min value = 5,000 sqft)- Operating hours: Default value = 65 (editable)- Number of workers: Calculated from model- % Heated: Calculated from model- % Cooled: Calculated from model- HDD (65F): Calculated from weather file- CDD (65F): Calculated from weather file

3.4.2.13. Residence Hall/Dormitory

- Gross floor area: Calculated from model- Number of guest/occupant rooms: Default value = 100- % Heated: Calculated from model- % Cooled: Calculated from model- HDD (65F): Calculated from weather file- CDD (65F): Calculated from weather file

3.4.2.14. Supermarket/Grocery

- Gross floor area: Calculated from model (Min value = 5,000 sqft; Max value = 1,000,000 sqft)- Operating hours: Default value = 135 (editable)- Number of workers: Calculated from model- Number of floors: Calculated from model- Cooking facilities: Default value = yes- Number of PCs and cash registers: Default value = 0.15 registers/PCs per 1,000 sqft- Number of refrigerators = 1.1 per 1,000 sqft + (6 * Gross floor area) / 45,000 sqft- HDD (65F): Calculated from weather file- CDD (65F): Calculated from weather file

3.4.2.15. Warehouse (Refrigerated)

- Gross floor area: Calculated from model (Min value = 5,000 sqft; Max value = 1,000,000 sqft)- Operating hours: Default value = 65 (editable)- Number of workers: Calculated from model- Number of walk-in refrigerators: Default value = (6 * Gross floor area) / 45,000 sqft- HID and halogen lighting: Default value = yes- % Heated: Calculated from model- % Cooled: Calculated from model- HDD (65F): Calculated from weather file- CDD (65F): Calculated from weather file

3.4.2.16. Warehouse (Unrefrigerated)

- Gross floor area: Calculated from model (Min value = 5,000 sqft; Max value = 1,000,000 sqft)- Operating hours: Default value = 65 (editable)- Number of workers: Calculated from model- Number of walk-in refrigerators: Default value = 0- HID and halogen lighting: Default value = yes- % Heated: Calculated from model- % Cooled: Calculated from model- HDD (65F): Calculated from weather file- CDD (65F): Calculated from weather file

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4. VE-Ware output documentation

Energy and Carbon Results

Energy indicates the total energy consumption of the model as calculated with the simulation

Carbon indicates the amount of CO2 emissions from that model considering the fuel selectedfor the heating and cooling systems. The fuel factors applied to this calculation are linked tothe location of the model (see Set Model Properties, heating and cooling fuels).

Energy breakdown displays the proportion of heating, cooling, light and equipment againstthe total energy consumption of the building.

Architecture 2030 Challenge

Meets the 2030 Challenge Target for: Indicates whether or not your design buildingconsumes less energy than the energy consumption of the 2030 Challenge Targets and whattarget is met if required.

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Design Building Energy Use Intensity calculates the energy consumption of the model asindicated in Energy and Carbon Results per unit of habitable area.

Note: Habitable area is the sum of all the space areas which Room Type (as defined in SetModel Properties) is NOT “unoccupiable” or “plenum”.

Average Building Energy Use Intensity calculates the energy consumption of the averagebuilding per unit of habitable area. The calculation of the energy consumption of the AverageBuilding and the 2030 Challenge Targets table depend on the calculation method used:

2030 Challenge Targets displays the energy consumption that the design building iscompared against in order to understand whether the design building meets the 2030Challenge or not.

For building types listed in the 2030 Challenge Targets:o The Average Building EUI is static and only depends on the building type.o The 2030 Challenge Targets uses the percentage reduction directly on the Average

Building to get the energy consumption for these targets. For building types using Target Finder calculation:

o The Average Building is calculated based on the building type, the fuel used forheating and cooling, and on the assumptions of the variables used for eachbuilding type.

o The 2030 Challenge Targets are calculated from the energy consumption of theexisting buildings in the database that are closest to the predicted percentagereduction.

Note: In some cases the existing building with the closer energy consumption displays a muchhigher value than the percentage reduction. This occurs when none of the existing buildingshas this low level of energy consumption. Another impact of this is that some target buildingsmight refer to the same energy consumption.

Example:

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5. Appendix A: 2030 Challenge TargetsThis is the list of building types that follow either Target Finder methodology or 2030 ChallengeTargets. Available in the Architecture 2030 website:

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6. Appendix B: Fuel factorsThe fuel factors displayed below are the Carbon Emission Factors used to calculate the Carbonemissions of a building from the Energy consumption and the type of energy consumed.

6.1. IP units

Region Electricity(kgCO2/

kWh)

NaturalGas

(kgCO2/kWh)

Fuel oil(kgCO2/k

Wh)

Propane& LPG

(kgCO2/kWh)

Wood(biomass)(kgCO2/k

Wh)

Coalbituminous

(kgCO2/kWh)

Coalanthracite(kgCO2/k

Wh)

Smokeless

fuel(kgCO2/k

Wh)

England / Wales 0.2726 0.1253 0.1712 0.1512 0.0161 0.1880 0.2048 0.2532(and rest of theworld)

US - 0.116359 0.159631 0.138275 0.204843 0.203993 0.226149 0.22289AKGD 0.367933 “ “ “ “ “ “ “AKMS 0.140975 “ “ “ “ “ “ “AZNM 0.367933 “ “ “ “ “ “ “CAMX 0.257953 “ “ “ “ “ “ “ERCT 0.415925 “ “ “ “ “ “ “FRCC 0.38893 “ “ “ “ “ “ “HIMS 0.426923 “ “ “ “ “ “ “HIOA 0.505908 “ “ “ “ “ “ “MROE 0.544901 “ “ “ “ “ “ “MROW 0.531904 “ “ “ “ “ “ “NEWE 0.265952 “ “ “ “ “ “ “NWPP 0.269951 “ “ “ “ “ “ “NYCW 0.269951 “ “ “ “ “ “ “NYLI 0.413925 “ “ “ “ “ “ “NYUP 0.239957 “ “ “ “ “ “ “RFCE 0.320942 “ “ “ “ “ “ “RFCM 0.480913 “ “ “ “ “ “ “RFCW 0.455917 “ “ “ “ “ “ “RMPA 0.596892 “ “ “ “ “ “ “SPNO 0.577895 “ “ “ “ “ “ “SPSO 0.515907 “ “ “ “ “ “ “SRMV 0.33294 “ “ “ “ “ “ “SRMW 0.539902 “ “ “ “ “ “ “SRSO 0.436921 “ “ “ “ “ “ “SRTV 0.437921 “ “ “ “ “ “ “SRVC 0.335939 “ “ “ “ “ “ “

Australia - - - 0.151 0.016 - 0.205 0.253New South Wales 0.690 0.166 0.174 “ “ 0.207 “ “

Australian CapitalTerritory 0.690 0.166 0.174

“ “

0.207

“ “

Victoria 0.856 0.148 0.174 “ “ 0.207 “ “

Queensland 0.676 0.160 0.174 “ “ 0.207 “ “

South Australia 0.673 0.172 0.174 “ “ 0.207 “ “

West Australia 0.605 0.141 0.174 “ “ 0.207 “ “

Northern Territory 0.463 0.125 0.174 “ “ 0.207 “ “

Tasmania 0.583 NA 0.484 “ “ 0.452 “ “

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6.2. Metric units

Region Electricity(kgCO2/

kWh)

NaturalGas

(kgCO2/kWh)

Fuel oil(kgCO2/k

Wh)

Propane& LPG

(kgCO2/kWh)

Wood(biomass)(kgCO2/k

Wh)

Coalbituminous

(kgCO2/kWh)

Coalanthracite(kgCO2/k

Wh)

Smokeless

fuel(kgCO2/k

Wh)

England / Wales 0.4220 0.1940 0.2650 0.2340 0.0250 0.2910 0.3170 0.3920

(and rest of theworld)

US - 0.180124 0.247109 0.21405 0.317097 0.315781 0.350079 0.345033AKGD 0.569561 “ “ “ “ “ “ “AKMS 0.218229 “ “ “ “ “ “ “AZNM 0.569561 “ “ “ “ “ “ “CAMX 0.399312 “ “ “ “ “ “ “ERCT 0.643852 “ “ “ “ “ “ “FRCC 0.602063 “ “ “ “ “ “ “HIMS 0.660877 “ “ “ “ “ “ “HIOA 0.783146 “ “ “ “ “ “ “MROE 0.843507 “ “ “ “ “ “ “MROW 0.823387 “ “ “ “ “ “ “NEWE 0.411694 “ “ “ “ “ “ “NWPP 0.417884 “ “ “ “ “ “ “NYCW 0.417884 “ “ “ “ “ “ “NYLI 0.640756 “ “ “ “ “ “ “NYUP 0.371453 “ “ “ “ “ “ “RFCE 0.496818 “ “ “ “ “ “ “RFCM 0.744453 “ “ “ “ “ “ “RFCW 0.70576 “ “ “ “ “ “ “RMPA 0.923989 “ “ “ “ “ “ “SPNO 0.894582 “ “ “ “ “ “ “SPSO 0.798624 “ “ “ “ “ “ “SRMV 0.515391 “ “ “ “ “ “ “SRMW 0.835769 “ “ “ “ “ “ “SRSO 0.676354 “ “ “ “ “ “ “SRTV 0.677901 “ “ “ “ “ “ “SRVC 0.520034 “ “ “ “ “ “ “

Australia - - - 0.2340 0.0250 - 0.3170 0.3920

New South Wales 1.068 0.257 0.27 “ “ 0.32 “ “

Australian CapitalTerritory

1.068 0.257 0.27 “ “ 0.32 “ “

Victoria 1.325 0.229 0.27 “ “ 0.32 “ “

Queensland 1.046 0.248 0.27 “ “ 0.32 “ “

South Australia 1.042 0.266 0.27 “ “ 0.32 “ “

West Australia 0.936 0.219 0.27 “ “ 0.32 “ “

Northern Territory 0.716 0.193 0.27 “ “ 0.32 “ “

Tasmania 0.902 NA 0.75 “ “ 0.70 “ “