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Video: The Incredible World Of the Microscope Link to video
Video: The Incredible World Of the Microscope
Link to video
Tissues = group of similar
cells working together.
Lines and protects body surfaces.
Example: Skin & Lining of Organs
Connects, supports and
insulates body.
Example: Blood, fat, bone.
Adipose Tissue
Contracts & relaxes to produce
movement.
Example: walls of intestines, heart
Carries info. to all parts of the
body.
Example: neurons
Skeletal Muscle
Multipolar Neuron Smear
JQ: What can the appearance of the animal and plant cells below tell you about their functional differences? Explain. (Anatomy & Physiology)
Human Cheek Cells 400x Elodea plant Cells 400x
JQ: What does it mean to be
independent? Are you independent?
Explain.
Specialized cells – multicellular organisms
Human Cheek Cells 400x Elodea plant Cells 400x
Amoeba
Stentor
Paramecium
Euglena
Volvox
Each picture has a link to a video
Humans are made up of trillion's of cells that have special
jobs in order to work together. This way they have a better chance of surviving.
Our cells can’t survive
independently
JQ: What do you think makes an Avatar’s skin
blue? Explain.
JQ: Would you rather have the ability to shrink to the size of a pin head or grow to the size of an
oak tree? Explain.
What is a cell?
The basic unit of structure and function
for all living things!
A theory is a well tested hypothesis that has not been proven incorrect to date.
What is a theory?
1. All living things are made from one or more cells.
2.Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things. (Smallest form of life!)
3.New cells come from existing cells.
What is cell theory?
Theodore Schwann
Matthias Schleiden
1. Prokaryotic Cell – cells that lack a membrane bound nucleus. Example: Bacteria and archaea
What types of cells exist?
2. Eukaryotic Cell – a cell that contains a membrane bound nucleus & many specialized structures called organelles. (plants animals, fungi, protists.)
“Tiny organs” - specialized structures
found within a cell.
Technically, organelles have membranes around them. (ex. Mitochondria, nucleus, chloroplast, cell
membrane, E.R., etc.)
What are organelles?
Single Celled – 1 cell (ex. Ameoba, Paramecium)
Multicellular –many specialized cells working together (plants and animals)
Types of Eukaryotic cells
Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Elodea – Magnified at 1000x
Class Review –Post Lab Questions
Magic School Bus Goes Cellular!
Journal Question: Scientists have discovered the following facts:
A. Unlike other organelles, chloroplasts and mitochondria are covered in two
layers of membrane, not one. B. Chloroplasts and Mitochondria have
their own DNA, separate from the DNA in the nucleus of the cell they
are in C. Chloroplasts and Mitochondria reproduce on their own within cells, D. These organelles are about a thousand times smaller than the cell
What can you conclude from this? What would explain all of these facts? Take some time and REALLY THINK about it.
Theory of Endosymbiosis:
A. Explains how membrane-bound organelles came to be in eukaryotes – through infolding of plasma membrane
B. Explains the journal question: Both chloroplasts and mitochondria were once separate, prokaryotic cells, until they were taken in by larger cell and became organelles
C. Why would this be selected for by natural selection?
Magic School Bus Goes Cellular! Cell Part/Organelle Function Which organ or system is the
organelle like? Explain why.
1. Nucleus DNA found inside, controls the
activities of the cell Brain / nervous system
1. Cell Membrane “selectively permeable”: regulates
what goes in and out of cell Skin / integumentary system
1. Cell Wall Rigid outer layer of plant/some
bacterial/fungal cells, for support Bones / skeletal system
1. Ribosome Tiny “protein factory” within the cell -
> proteins do most of cells work Challenging muscle? (poor
analogy though)
1. Mitochondria Powerhouse: turns food molecules into
usable energy Stomach / digestive system
1. Chloroplast Contains green chlorophyll; captures
light energy, CO2 and H2O to do
photosynthesis
Why can’t chloroplasts be
compared to any
organ/system?
1. Vacuole Storage units – Large and central in
plants, smaller in animal cells Challenging liver or fat cells
or bladder maybe
1. Lysosome Little “bags” of digestive chemicals
that kill invaders and recycle
dead/damaged cell parts.
Lymphatic/immune system
Do Now: Check your answers to the Cells Are Like worksheet below.
Magic School Bus Goes Cellular!
Do Now: Check your answers to the Cells Are Like worksheet below.
Eukaryotes
(Complex) Prokaryotes
Cell Types
Plant
Simple
Bacteria
DNA, Cell
membrane,
ribosomes
Nucleus
Animal
Protists Fungi Archaea
Chloroplasts
Some
all
some
Journal Question:
Remember the Journal Question
about changing your perspective?
Describe at least three
ways in which your perspective has been changed by the unit on tissues, cells,
organelles
Today’s Agenda: 1. Write your procedure for DYOE
2. Work on Review Sheet (Quest on Cells, Microscopes, Tissues, Organelles
Next Time)
Take a few minutes to review for your test
No Journal Question:
1. Take one packet of video questions for “The
Unknown World” from the from table, and return to your seat.
2. Take out your hypothesis
and procedures for your DYOE. I am going to
collect them.
Go to macromolecules PPT
You are what you eat…literally
Your cells are made of four main types of large molecules: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids. They can only do their job if they have the right amount of each of these.
Lung Tissue
Internal Stomach Lining Tissue
Cross Section Small Intestines
Internal Lining of Gallbladder
Cilia of the Trachea
The Magic School Bus Goes Cellular
1. Pre-read video
questions.
2. Watch movie and answer video questions.
3. Class discussion regarding video questions.
Sticky Cells Activity 1. Pre-read sticky cells
lab.
2. Perform sticky cells activity and record observations.
3. Get assigned microscope, prep sticky cells, view, draw & label.
4. Answer post lab questions and discuss with class.
Human Cheek Cell
JQ: Were the military forces on Pandora good or bad? Explain.
Sticky Cells Activity Part 2 – Plant Comparison
1. Obtain a piece of
Elodea.
2. Get assigned microscope, prep elodea, view, draw & label.
3. Answer post lab questions and discuss with class.
“Several Species of Small Fury Creatures in a Cave
Grooving” Activity
1. Retrieve your bacteria samples.
2. Make observations in journal booklets.
3. Bring bacteria cultures up front and place on red tray for disposal.
4. Wash your hands and dry them off. Return to seat.
1. What should the label on the X-axis be?
0
Growth of Bacteria Over 24 Hours
Time (hrs)
Gro
wth
Rat
e
2. What should the label on the Y-axis be?
3. What should the curve of the graph look like?
0 6 12 18 24
0
1. What should the title of
this graph be?
0
Bacterial Growth as Temperature Increases
Temperature (F)
Popu
lati
on (
thou
sand
s)
2. What should the curve of the graph look like?
3. Why does the graph plummet?
20 40 60 80 100
0
4
8
12
16
1. Explain the curves of this graph
0
Growth of Bacteria Small & Large Petri Dishes Po
pula
tion
0 6 12 18 24
0
JQ: When scientists first attempted to make an avatar
they were unsuccessful. After further inspection they realized that a virus
snuck past its immune system and into its cells. Once in the
cell it took over and destroyed the cells.
Scientists think that the avatar’s cells were missing an organelle. Which organelle
was most likely missing from the avatar’s cells?
Plant Cell A._____________________________
B. ____________________________
C. _____________________________
D. _____________________________
E. _____________________________
F. _____________________________
G. _____________________________
H. _____________________________
I. ____________________________
J. _____________________________
K. _____________________________
L. _____________________________
M. _____________________________
N. _____________________________
Animal Cell A._______________
B. ______________
C. _______________
D. _______________
E. _______________
F. _______________
G. _______________
NO Journal Question Today! Take some time to review for
your test! You will need a pencil.
JQ: What could he grow up to be? Explain.
Start as one cell with unlimited
potential! End with trillions of
specialized cells each cell being limited potential!
Stem Cells:
Cells that haven’t turned into a specific cell type yet (they’re undifferentiated)
Differentiation:
Process that turns an unspecialized cell into a cell with a specific job.
What are stem cells?
What does it mean to differentiate?
What are the
different types of stem cells?
What is the goal of stem cell research?
What are the issues?
2. Stem Cell Debate Video
You’ve learn about how organisms interact on this
planet, and the damage that humans are causing to the balance of life. We’ve even
discussed some solutions to the problem.
You’ve also learned about how organisms are put together, from cells to organ systems.
Would you choose to be cryogenically preserved if the
technology was available? Explain.
JQ: If you are going to build an Avatar you will need to gather some DNA from a Na’vi and a human. Getting the DNA from a human is easy, but how would you go about getting it from a Na’vi? Explain.
With something so small how is it possible to pull it
out and look at it?
Extraction Lab
Practicing your extraction technique
How come you don’t start to become a
strawberry when you eat strawberry DNA?
“Avatar Armor” Lab 1. Pre-read lab
2. Get lab coats and
equipment.
3. Measure out material and make armor.
4. Play with armor, record observations & answer questions.
5. Clean-up and return to seats.
