· Web viewLife Science Chapter 5: Genetics (The Science of Heredity) Mr. Varela (B7) Section 1:...

Life Science Chapter 5: Genetics (The Science of Heredity) Mr. Varela (B7)

Section 1: Mendel’s Work What is Genetics?Genetics: __________________________________________________________

Heredity: __________________________________________________________

The Father of GeneticsThe field of _________________ was founded by

_________________________ , an Augustinian priest.

Between __________ and __________ ,

_______________ cultivated and tested almost

_________________________________________ .

The importance of ______________ work was not

discovered _________________________________

__________________________________________

-- Page 1 --

Crossing Pea


Plants

Gregor Mendel crossed ___________________ that had different _____________ .

Mendel’s Experiments

In all of Mendel’s crosses, ______________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________ .

However, in the F2 generation, __________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________ .

-- Page 2 --

Dominant and Recessive Alleles


Mendel studied _________________________________________________ .

Today, scientists use the word __________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________ .

-- Page 3 --



Gene Allele Allele

In a dominant allele, __________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________ .

-- Page 4 –-



Dominant alleles ____________________________________________________ .

Recessive alleles ____________________________________________________ .

-- page 5 --

Section 2: Probability and HeredityPunnett Square

The diagrams show how to make a Punnett square.

In this cross, both parents are _______________ for the trait of ______________ .

Section 1: Mendel’s Work


____ represents the ___________________________ , and

____ represents the ___________________________.

-- page 6 --

Probability and Genetics

In a genetic cross, _________________

________________________________

________________________________

________________________________


Phenotypes and Genotypes

An organism’s PHENOTYPE is _______________

_____________________________________

_____________________________________

An organism’s GENOTYPE is _______________

_____________________________________

_____________________________________

-- page 7 –-

Practicing Punnett Squares

1)

Genotype: Phenotype:

2)



3)


4)


Homozygous vs. Heterozygous

Homozygous = _____________________________________________________

Also called _______________ or ______________________________ .

examples: _______________________________

Heterozygous = ____________________________________________________

Also called _______________________

examples: _______________________________

-- page 8 –-

Codominance

In codominance, the alleles are neither

_______________ nor _______________ .

As a result, _________________

__________________________

__________________________


Incomplete Dominance

In incomplete dominance, _____________

________________________________

________________________________

As a result, ______________________

________________________________

-- page 9 –-

Section 3: The Cell and Inheritance

MeiosisDuring meiosis, ______________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

The resulting sex cells ________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________


-- page 10 –-

Punnett Square

A Punnett Square ________________

______________________________

______________________________

A Lineup of Genes


Chromosomes are made up of ____________________

__________________________________________

The chromosomes in a pair may have ______________

__________________________________________

__________________________________________

-- page 11 –-

Human Chromosomes


Humans have _________________________ of chromosomes.

__________ from their mother, and __________ from their father.

The first ______________ are organized and named _______________________ :

Chromosomes _______ are the largest, _______ are the second largest, etc.

The _________ pair of chromosomes ( ___ and ___ ) are the ________ chromosomes

because they determine the _________________ of the person.

__________ = GIRL

__________ = BOY

-- page 12 –-

Sex Chromosomes

The ______________ is who determined the ______________ of the child since

_____________ need a _____________________ , and only ______________

have _____________________ .

The ______________ can only give out _____________________ , and both boys

and girls have at least one _____________________ .


-- page 13 –-

Section 4: Genes, DNA, and ProteinThe DNA Code

Chromosomes are made of __________. Each chromosome contains ______________

__________________________________ . The sequence of bases in a __________

forms a _____________ that tells the cell ________________________________

How Cells Make


Proteins

During protein synthesis, ______________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

-- page 14 –-


-- page 15 –-

Mutations

Mutations can cause __________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________


-- page 16 –-

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