Vilaça & Wright 2009 Native_Christians.pdf

8/9/2019 Vilaça & Wright 2009 Native_Christians.pdf

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NATIVE CHRISTIANS

Native Christians


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VITALITY OF INDIGENOUS RELIGIONS

Series Editors

Vitality of Indigenous Religions

OTHER TITLES IN THE SERIES

Indigenous Diasporas and Dislocations

ISBN 978 0 7546 3906 0

Caribbean Diaspora in the USA Diversity of Caribbean Religions in New York City

ISBN 978 7546 6365 2

The Vitality of Karamojong Religion Dying Tradition or Living Faith?

ISBN 978 0 7546 0383 2


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Edited by

PPGAS, Museu Nacional, UFRJ, Brazil

University of Florida, USA


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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

09ANSHT 2008023030


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List of Illustrations and Maps vii Notes on Contributors ix

Allan Greer

3 Peter Gow

3

Giovanna Bacchiddu

Emilia Ferraro5

9 Ana Mariella Bacigalupo

6 9

Vanessa Elisa Grotti

7 Oiara Bonilla

7 Aparecida Vilaça

7

Frédéric B. Laugrand and Jarich G. Oosten

7

Robin M. Wright


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Native Christians

Wolfgang Kapfhammer

229 Joel Robbins

Index of Peoples 23 Peoples 239 Index of Authors 241Subject Index 245


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Illustrations

purupuru pinta

Paullinia cupana

Uniawasap’i

Maps


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This page has been left blank intentionally


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Giovanna Bacchiddu

Ana Mariella Bacigalupo

Shamans of the

Foye Tree: Gender, Power and Healing Among the Chilean Mapuche La Voz del Kultrun en la Modernidad: Tradición y Cambioen La Terapéutica de Siete Machi Mapuche (

Modernización o Sabiduría en Tierra Mapuche?

Oiara Bonilla

Emilia Ferraro

Reciprocidad, Don y Deuda. Formas y relaciones de intercambios en los Andes


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Native Christians

del Norte del Ecuador

Peter Gow

Of Mixed Blood

An Amazonian Myth and Its History

Allan Greer

Mohawk Saint: Catherine Tekakwitha andthe Jesuits Peasant, Lord, and Merchant: Rural Society in Three Quebec Parishes, 1740–1840 The Jesuit Relations: Natives and Missionaries inSeventeenth-Century North America ColonialSaints: Discovering the Holy in the Americas, 1500–1800

Vanessa Elisa Grotti

Rethinking the

frontier in Amazonia and Siberia: extractive economies, indigenous politics and social transformations Cambridge Anthropology

Wolfgang Kapfhammer

Der Yurupari-Komplex in Nordwest-Amazonien GroßeSchlange und Fliegender Jaguar: Zur mythologischen Grundlage des rituellen

Konsums halluzinogener Schnupfdrogen in Südamerika


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Notes on Contributors

Frédéric B. Laugrand

Mourir et renaître. La réception du christianisme

par les Inuit de l’Arctique de l’Est canadien Perspectives on

Traditional Health Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit: Shamanismand Reintegrating Wrongdoers

Apostle to the Inuit. The Journal and Ethnographical Notes of

La nature des esprits/The Natureof Spirits

Jarich G. Oosten

The War of the Gods:The Social Code in Indo-European Mythology

Arctic

identities Introduction Perspectives on Traditional Law

Transition to Christianity Representing Tuurngait Keeping the Faith

Apostle to the Inuit. The Journal and Ethnographical Notes

La nature des esprits/The Nature of Spirits

Joel Robbins

Becoming Sinners: Christianity and Moral Torment

in a Papua New Guinea Society Anthropological Theory.

Aparecida Vilaça


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Native Christians

Comendo como gente. Formas do Formas docanibalismo Wari’ Quem somos nós. OsOsWari’ encontram os brancos

Robin M. Wright

Cosmos, Self and History in Baniwa Religion. For Those Unborn.

História Indígena e do Indigenismo no Alto Rio Negro [Indigenous History and the History of Indigenist Policy in the Upper Rio Negro]

Transformando os Deuses. Os Múltiplos Sentidos da Conversão entre os PovosOs Múltiplos Sentidos da Conversão entre os Povos Indígenas no Brasil.

Transformando os Deuses. Igrejas Evangélicas, Pentecostais e Neopentecostais Igrejas Evangélicas, Pentecostais e Neopentecostais

entre os Povos Indígenas no Brasil. In Darkness and Secrecy: the

Anthropology of Assault Sorcery in Amazonia


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Mythologiques

Modes and Effects of Christianity among Indigenous Peoples ofthe Americas


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Native Christians2

this


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Introduction 3


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Native Christians4

2

3

cristianos

2

3

T believe

don’t know


20/267

Introduction 5

cristiano

Transformando os Deuses

4

Gender in Amazonia and Melanesia

4


21/267

Native Christians6

5

Mythologiques

5


22/267

Introduction 7

6

6


23/267

Native Christians8

el castillo


24/267

Introduction 9

7

7


25/267

Native Christians

pinta


26/267

Introduction

siqqitirniq

siqqitirniq


27/267

Native Christians

tivajut

8

8


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Introduction


29/267

Native Christians

9

9


30/267

Introduction

References

Money and Modernity. State and LocalCurrencies in Melanesia

do Contato no Norte-Amazônico. Cidade do Indio. Transformações e Cotidiano em

Iauaretê The Meaning of Whitemen. Race and Modernity in the

Orokaiva Cultural World. The Anthropology of Christianity

História dos Indios no Brasil.

Images of Health, Illness and Death among the Wari’

(Pakaas Novos) of Rondônia, Brazil

Medical Anthropology Quarterly

Consuming Grief. Compassionate Cannibalism in an AmazonianSociety

Gender in Amazonia and Melanesia. An Exploration ofthe Comparative Method

Essais sur l´individualisme. UneperspectiveanthropologiqueUne perspective anthropologique sur l’idéologie moderne

Articulating Change in the‘Last Unknown’.


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Native Christians

Time and Memory in Indigenous Amazonia. Anthropological Perspectives

The Real People and the Children of Thunder. The

Yup’ik Eskimo Encounter with Moravian Missionaries John and Edith Kilbuck

Economia selvagem. Ritual e mercadoria entre os Indios Ritual e mercadoria entre os Indios Xikrin-Mebêngôkre

Of Mixed Blood: Kinship and History in Peruvian Amazonia

An Amazonian Myth and its History

The Anthropology

of Christianity Gender in Amazonia and

Melanesia. An Exploration of the Comparative Method

Conversion to Christianity. Historical and Anthropological Perspectives on a Great Transformation

L’Homme

Gender in Amazonia and Melanesia. An Exploration of the Comparative Method

Christian Moderns. Freedom and Fetish in the Mission

Encounter.


Relations within the Health System among the Yanomami

in the Upper Orinoco, Venezuela. Mana. Estudos de

Antropologia Social How real people ought to live. The Cashinahua of Eastern

Peru.


32/267

Introduction

De Volta ao Lago de Leite. Gênero e Transformação no Alto Rio Negro.

The Raw and the Cooked.

From Honey to Ashes.

The Origin of Table Manners.

The Naked Man.

Medical Anthropology

Quarterly How Real People are Made. Gender and Sociability in Amazonia.

Deus na Aldeia. Missionários, Indios e Mediação

Cultural Comparative

Studies of Society and History Conversion to Christianity. Historical and Anthropological

Perspectives on a Great Transformation Becoming Sinners. Christianity + Moral Torment in a Papua

New Guinea Society.

The Making of Global and Local Modernities in Melanesia. Humiliation, Transformation and the Nature ofCultural Change.

Deus na Aldeia. Missionários, Indios e Mediação Cultural

Historical Metaphors and Mythical RealitiesStructure

in the Early History of the Sandwich Islands Kingdom.

Islands of History.

How ‘Natives’ Think. About Captain Cook for Example Journal of the

Royal Anthropological Institute


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Native Christians

Culture in Practice. Selected Essays Cultura na Prática

Culture in Practice. Selected Essays

Tristes Tropes Culture in Practice. Selected Essays

The Making of Global and Local Modernitiesin Melanesia. Humiliation, Transformation and the Nature of Cultural Change

The Stranger-King; Or, Elementary Forms of the Political Life.

Globalización y Cambio en la Amazonía

Indígena. Volumen I

Boletim do Museu Nacional

Comparative Studies in Society and History Gender in Amazonia and

Melanesia. An Exploration of the Comparative Method

Man

Quand notre monde est devenu chrétien (312–394) Mana: Estudos de Antropologia Social

Ethnos

The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute

Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute

Quem Somos nós. Os Wari’Encontram os Brancos.Os Wari’ Encontram os Brancos.


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Introduction

Time and Memory in Indigenous Amazonia.

Anthropological Perspectives.

Revista de Antropologia Mana.

Estudos de Antropologia Social Journal of

the Royal Anthropological Institute O que ler na ciência

social brasileira (1070–1995) Antropologia (Volume I).

A Inconstância da Alma Selvagem

Tipití

Amazônia. Etnologia e História Indígena The Invention of Culture

Conversion to Christianity. Historical and Anthropological Perspectives on aGreat Transformation

Cosmos, Self and History in Baniwa Religion. For ThoseUnborn. Transformando os Deuses. OsMúltiplosSentidosdaConversãoOs Múltiplos Sentidos da Conversão

entre os Povos Indígenas no Brasil. Transformando os Deuses v. II. Igrejas Evangélicas,

Pentecostais e Neo-Pentecostais entre os Povos Indígenas no Brasil.


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36/267

2

reducciónes

2


37/267

Native Christians22

ratio studiorum

imitatio christi

3

reconquista

3


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Towards a Comparative Study of Jesuit Missions and Indigenous Peoples 23

Paraguay

reducciónes

encomienda

reducciónes

reducciónes


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Native Christians24

New France

op. cit.

reducción


40/267


seigneurie

reducción

Relations des Jésuites

reducciónes

reducciónes

Comparisons


41/267

Native Christians26

mita originaria

reducción

estancias yerba mate

yerba mate


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yerba mate


43/267

Native Christians28

philosophes

4

reducción

reducciónes

5

4

philosophe

5


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reducción

reducción


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Native Christians30

Conclusion

reducciónes


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Towards a Comparative Study of Jesuit Missions and Indigenous Peoples

References

The Making of an Enterprise: The Society of Jesus in Portugal, Its Empire, and Beyond 1540–1750

Chain Her by One Foot: The Subjugation of Women inSeventeenth-Century New France.

The Invasion Within: The Contest of Cultures in Colonial North America

The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas

South America Harvest of Souls: The Jesuit Missions in North America,

1632–1650 La Mission des Jésuites chez les Hurons 1634–1650ons 1634–1650ns 1634–1650

The Lost Paradise: An Account of the Jesuits in Paraguay 1607–

1768 Narration de la mission du Sault depuis sa fondation

jusqu’en 1686

Croire et faire croire: les missions françaises au XVIIe siècle The Guaraní Under Spanish Rule in the Río de la Plata

The Jesuit Relations: Natives and Missionaries in Seventeenth-

Century North America. Mohawk Saint: Catherine Tekakwitha and the Jesuits

Conversions: OldWorlds and New

Hisorical Atlas of Canada From the Beginning to 1800

La vie quotidienne au Paraguay sous les jésuites.

Enclaves amérindiennes: les ‘réductions’ du Canada 1637–1701 Premier établissement de la foy dans la Nouvelle France

The Darker Side of the Renaissance: Literacy, Terrioriality,

and Colonization


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Native Christians32

Indiens Guarani et chamanes franciscains: les premières réductionsdu Paraguay (1580–1800)

The First Jesuits

American Indian Culture and Research Journal

Conquista espiritual hecha por los religiosos de laCompania de Jesus, en las provincias del Paraguay. The SpiritualConquest accomplished by the Religious of the Society of Jesus ... .

The Cambridge History of the Native

Peoples of the Americas South America

American Pentimento: The Invention of Indians and the Pursuit of Riches

The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents

The Children of Aataentsic: A History of the Huron People to1660

Colonial Saints: Discovering the Holy in the Americas, 1500–1800.


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cristiano

cristiano

¿Acaso es cristiano? cristiano

cristiano

cristiano

cristiano

cristiano


49/267

Native Christians34

cristianos

mosone

cristiano

Historical Ethnographies

Handbook of South American Indians


50/267

Christians: A Transforming Concept in Peruvian Amazonia 35

Misión Alta

Misión Alta


51/267

Native Christians36

qua

Histories of Jeberos

mestizo

mestizo


52/267


shiwala kengma

kengma

hua’an

kengma

kengma

mestizos

mestizos

huazan


53/267

Native Christians38

deilusak deimbulusak


54/267


mestizos

jeberino

mestizo jeberino

mestizo

mestizo

mestizo

Humans and Other People

indios


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Native Christians40

cristianos indios bravos cristiano

cristiano

cristiano

cristianos

klistyano cristiano

cristiano

awka cristianos

mestizo mestizo sacha runa

awka auca misti mestizos wirakucha

mestizos awka

mestizos

(Wirakocha/Misti + Cristianos) / AwkaWirakocha/Misti / (Sacha Runa + Awka)

sewélo wáyã köngma

Shiwiluhuazan kengma awa mai

tapuïya piyapirosahuayarosa mestizo

huaya aucarosa auca


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Christians: A Transforming Concept in Peruvian Amazonia

sacha runa

awkaauca

os mortos

são os outros


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Native Christians42

Names and Places

cristiano

cristiano

cocamilla jebero chayahuita

pueblos

sewélo shiwilu 2

shiwilu

chamekolo

awano santa

crucinos 3

2

3


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nación

naciones

parcialidades

cristianos

barrios

lingua franca


59/267

Native Christians44

awkaauca

calatos kala


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61/267

Native Christians46

The Origins of ‘Christians’

cristianos

cristiano

cristianos reducción


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Analogy

kuge


63/267

Native Christians48

iñikogo

kagaifa

huka-huka

mestizos


64/267


mestizo mestizo

From Cristiano to Christianity

cristianos

cristianos


65/267

Native Christians50

cristianos

kengmaauca tapuïya

other

Acknowledgments


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Christians: A Transforming Concept in Peruvian Amazonia

References

The Kalapalo Indians of Central Brazil

Os mortes e os outros: uma análise do sistema funerário e da noção de pessoa entre os índios krahó

pueblos indígenas del Amazonas peruano

Breve diccionario analítico castellano – tupí del Perú

Os povos do Alto Xingu:história e cultura

Etnohistoria del Amazonas

Porque las piedras no mueren: historia, sociedad y ritos delos Chayahuita de Alto Amazonas

Colección de leyes, decretos, resoluciones

Of Mixed Blood: Kinship and History in Peruvian Amazonia

Shamanism, History and the State


The Anthropology

of Christianity Exploración del valle del Amazonas


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Native Christians52

Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Études Andins

The Raw and the Cooked

Leituras de Etnologia Brasileira Kana acha’taka ijnachale kana chamekolo:

vocabulario y textos chamicuro

Apuntes sobre la provincia litoral de Loreto

Hacia la tierra sin Mal: La religión en la Amazonía

1 Seminario de Investigaciones

Sociales en la Amazonía Ethnohistoria de la Alta Amazonía: siglos XV-XVII

Cambridge Anthropology

Etnicidad y Ecologia

Handbook of South American Indians Los Nativos Invisibles: Notas sobre la História y

Realidad Actual de los Cocamilla del Río Huallaga Los indígensa del Perú Nororiental Investigaciones

fundamentales para un estudio sistemático de la cultura

Mémoire de la tradition


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Introduction

2

2

http://www.ine.cl/


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Native Christians54

pace

3

4

3 cristiano cristiano

4

los evangelicos losque se cambiaron (de religión)

los hermanos


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‘Before We Were All Catholics’ 55

‘Before, on the Island, We Were All Catholics’

enmasse

5

Catolismo [ sic

6

Catholics on Evangelicals

Los que se cambiaron

5

6


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Native Christians56

7

los que se cambiaron son unos cuantos lesos no másmás

7


72/267


par excellence

Not Like All the Others

Hola señorita! Que Dios la bendiga!

Bien, con el favor de Dios

8

8


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Native Christians58

‘Detached’ Families

patrón

patrón


74/267


novenas

Novenas

novenas

chicha novenas

acompañar

novena

novenas


75/267

Native Christians60

novenas

9

novenas

novenas

novenas

‘No-One is Free’ ‘ Nadie esta Libre ’

porque nadie estalibre

9 acordarse de uno


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‘Before We Were All Catholics’

leitmotiv

Denial of Alliance Ties

compadrazgo

oliar

oliar

compadres

los verdaderos evangélicos


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Native Christians62

una mentira

In the Evangelical Temple

orar

rezar


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79/267

Native Christians64

novenas

hermanos

novenas

Chachi and his Pact

Ama


80/267


The Cult of the Images

novena

novena

novena novena

hubris

cinco pueblos

hubristisisnemesis hubris

tisis nemesis


81/267

Native Christians66

are

novena

están amarrados a una mentira

Freedom


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sine qua non novenas

Conclusion


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Native Christians68

Epilogue

Claro que notendría que tomar ….

chicha

mate


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References

Gente de Isla – Island People. An Ethnography of Apiao,Chiloé, southern Chile

Journal of the Anthropological Institute

The Anthropology of Christianity

Caguach Isla de la devoción. Religiosidad popular de Chiloé

The Anthropology ofChristianity

Mapuche Person, Mapuche People. Individualand Society in Indigenous Southern Chile

The Spears of Twilight: Life and Death in the Amazon Jungle

Of Mixed Blood. Kinship and History in Peruvian Amazonia


Chiloé et les Chilotes: marginalité et dépendence en Patagoniechilienne: étude de geographie humaine

Historia de la Compania de Jesus en Chile, 1593–1955 ,

American Ethnologist To Make the Earth Bear Fruit: Essays on Fertility, Work and Gender

in Highland Bolivia


85/267

Native Christians70


The Gift: The Form and Reason for Exchange in Archaic Societies

Rethinking Protestantism in Latin America

La periferia meridional indiana: Chiloé en el siglo XVIII


86/267

el castillo


87/267

Native Christians72

el castillo pago

The Context


88/267

Money, Loans and Faith 73

The Catholic Church Credit Scheme

The Imperative to Repay


89/267

Native Christians74

pago

pagos

pagos

pago


90/267


Pago : Money and the Realm of the Sacred

Pago

pago

pago

el castillo

El Castillo : a Ritualized Loan of Money

El castillo el aumento

2

el castillo el castillo

castillo chicha

chicha Castillos

castillos

castillo el castillo castillos

castillo

castillo

castillo’s

2


91/267

Native Christians76

obligación

castillo

castillos castillos

castillo castilloCastillo

castillos castillos castillos

castillos castillo

castillos

castillo castillos

el santito San Juanito

devoción


92/267


castillos

castillo

castillo

castillos

castillos

aumentos 3 are better than from money put in a bank. The savings ofthe organisation have been turned into castillos

castillos castillo

Local Notions of Christianity and the Origins of Wealth

castillo

3


93/267

Native Christians78

el castillo

History of Pesillo

encomienda4

mita5 mitayos

4 corregimiento

encomienda

encomendero encomendero

5 encomiendas

obrajes

encomienda hacienda


94/267


arrendatarios

6

Native Narratives of Local History

7

mestizo

huasipungueros

mestizos

8

6

7

Yo Declaro con Franqueza

8


95/267

Native Christians80

pago

espiritu 9

cuentayos

9

cuentayo cuentayo

cuenta cuentayo


96/267

Money, Loans and Faith

suerte

padrecito

Money, Sin and Salvation

Pago pago

Pago el pagode una misa

el pago de la curación

Pagos for Healing and Pagos for a Requiem Mass


97/267

Native Christians82

Pago

pago

huatucayashqua duende

duende

duende duende conjuración

curar con conjurar pago

shungu

derecho

Pago

derecho malaire

brujeashcamanta brujería

yerbateros fregadores

espanto yachac duendes

parteras


98/267


brujo

pago

yachac yachac

yachac

pago yachac

pago

mesa

AA brujo yachac brujo


99/267

Native Christians84

mesa misa

pagos

pago

diezmo

The Devil’s Money

plata de los entierros

pagos

Cucu huacai siqui

diezmo

diez


100/267


Cucu

el contrato de la

plata

Conclusion

pagos

yachac


101/267

Native Christians86

duendes yachac yachac

pago

pago

References

Entre lo mágico y lo natural Mountain of the condor: metaphor and ritual in an Andean ayllu

Anthropological history of Andean

polities Pre-Columbian metallurgy of South America

The gold of El Dorado Memoria popular y proceso político en la Sierra Ecuatoriana

American Ethnologist

American Ethnologist


102/267


Etnomedicina

Reciprocidad Don y Deuda. Formas y Relaciones de Intercambio en los Andes Ecuatorianos. La comunidad de Pesillo

Social Anthropology

alternativa para el desarrollo


Ecuador: cambios en el agro serrano

Man

Deathly waters and hungry mountains. Agrarian ritual and class formationin one Andean town

La Semantica de la dominación. El concertaje de Indios

Money and the morality ofexchange

Ethnicity, markets

and migration in the Andes To defend ourselves: ecology and ritual in an Andean village

Social

Anthropology

Anthropological history of Andean polities


103/267

Native Christians88

We eat the mines and the mines eat us

Money and the morality of exchange

Conversion to Christianity. Historical and anthropological

perspectives on a great transformation

Los

Andes: el camino de retorno

Revista Andina

Money and the morality of exchange

Contesting the Sacred. The anthropology of Christian pilgrimage

Churches and States he devil and commodity fetishism in South America

Yo declaro con franqueza. Testimonio oral de Pesillo


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105/267

Native Christians90


106/267

The Re-Invention of Mapuche Male Shamans as Catholic Priests

Colonial Legacies: Machi Co-gender Identities and Jesuit Priests


107/267

Native Christians92

2

wekufe

2


108/267

The Re-Invention of Mapuche Male Shamans as Catholic Priests 93

boquibuye foye

boquibuyes

boquibuye

boquibuye foye

boquibuye father and mother

chueca


109/267

Native Christians94

chueca

The Feminization of Spirituality


110/267


nguillatun

ngenkuyen –

Ngünechen


111/267

Native Christians96

Current Male Machi as Celibate Catholic Priests: Transvestism andHomosexuality


112/267


homosexual

maricones

homosexuals

3

3


113/267

Native Christians98

Male Machi and the Argument of Celibacy


114/267


Male Machi, Transvestism, and Priestly Robes

makuñ

maricón

mariquita


115/267

Native Christians

Sergio

makuñ

choyke killa

chamal

Jorge

makuñ makuñ


116/267


killa

José

ngillatun makuñ killa

killa

killa

kultrun

dungumachife

killa


117/267

Native Christians

Machi Practice as Priestly Roles

ngillatun

ngillatun

ngillatun

ngillatun

Sergio


118/267


José


119/267

Native Christians

Jorge

Diario

Austral

ngillatun

agrandado –


120/267


Conclusions

References

Annual Review of Women in World Religions

Anthropology of Consciousness

The Many Faces of Homosexuality: Anthropological Approaches to Homosexual Behavior

Current Anthropology


121/267

Native Christians

Anthropology and Homosexual Behavior

American Ethnologist La Araucana.

A Description of Patagonia and the Adjoining Parts of

South America Hawks of the Sun: Mapuche Morality and Its Ritual Attributes

Introduccion a la religiosidad mupuche.

tica en Améruca Latina

Psicoloía del pueblo araucano

Revista

Araucanian Child Life and Its Cultural Bakground. Gay American History: Lesbians and Gay Men in the U.S.A

. Relación de las Cosas de Yucatán: A Translation

Congerencais sobre anthropolía, entología y arqueología

La organización social y las creencais religiosas de los antiguos Araucanos

Vida y costumbres de los indígenas

araucanos en la segunda mitad del sigola XIX

Cautiverio felíz y razón delas guerras dilatades de Chile.

Historia militar, civil, y sagrada de Chile

Arauco domado


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Historia general del reino de Chile y de lasmisiones que ejercita en el la Compañia de Jesus

Historia general del reino de Chile

Misioneros enla Araucania, 1600–1900Un Capitulo de Historia Fronteriza en Chile

The Araucanians, or Notes of a Tour among the Indian

Tribes of Southern Chili Memorial del peligroso estado spiritual y temporal

del reino de Chile

Race and the Education of Desire: Foucault’s Historyof Sexuality and the Colonial Order of Things

The Oxford Encyclopedia of Mesoamerican Cultures:The Civilizations of Mexico and Central America

Crónica y relación copiosa y verdadera

Families We Chose: Lesbians, Gays, Kinship

Longslowburn: Sexuality and Social Science


123/267



124/267

Introduction

2

2


125/267

Native Christians

3

4

3

4


126/267

Protestant Evangelism and the Transformability of Amerindian Bodies

5

6

7

tarëno ijomi8

5 6

7 8


127/267

Native Christians

9

9


128/267


Cumulative Evangelism and the Incorporation of ‘Wild People’

wajarikure Wajarikure


129/267

Native Christians

pianokoto

ëire

turaekare, akuriekare pëinjekeekare .

wajarikure

tura akuri pëinjeke

kare


130/267


po

The Contact Narratives and the Missionaries’ Point of View

arimika


131/267

Native Christians

ibid

ibid

ibid


132/267


wïtoto

sasame

sasameta


133/267

Native Christians

Nurturing the Other: Sedentarization Without Conversion

enpa ibid

tuwantanïphe

tamu


134/267



135/267

Native Christians

Christian Bodies, Fierce Bodies

sasame wehto

sasame wehto ëire

Sasame wehto

kurano


136/267


really knows knows


137/267

Native Christians

Conclusion: Protestant Evangelism and Bodily Transformations

References

Medeling


138/267


Amerindian Leadership in Guianese Amazonia

La Personne Wayana entre Sang et Ciel

Wayana Eitoponpë: (Une) Histoire (Orale) des Indiens Wayana

Antécume ou une Autre Vie

Drumbeats that Changed the World: A History of the Regionsbeyond Missionary Union and the West Indies Mission

Bulletin de la Société de

Géographie Chez nos Indiens: Quatre Années dans la Guyane Française (1887–1891)

C Le Tour du

Monde

Current Anthropology The Piaroa: Environment and Society in Transition

Redes de Relações nas Guianas Povos Indígenas no Amapá e

Norte do Pará: Quem São, Onde Estão, Quantos São, Como Vivem e o Que Pensam?


Elisa, Nurturing the Other: Wellbeing, Social Body andTransformability in Northeastern Amazonia

A Relation of a Voyage to Guiana by Robert Harcourt 1613:With Purcha’s Transcript of a Report Made at Harcourt’s Instance on the Marrawini District

F Huaorani of Amazonian Ecuador

Contato no Norte-Amazônico Wrought Identities: The Waiwai Expeditions in Search of the ‘UnseenTribes’ of Northern Amazonia

H The Occult Life of Things


139/267

Native Christians

El Camino del Kumu: Ecología y Ritual entre los Akuriyó de Surinam

Relations within the Health System among theYanomami in the Upper Orinoco, Venezuela

The Akuriyo of Surinam: A Case of Emergence from Isolation

Carib Speaking Indians: Culture, Society and Language

Oral Literature of the Trio Indians of Suriname

Structuralist Interpretations of Biblical Myth

The European Outthrust and Encounter

, Gender and Sociality in Amazonia: How Real People Are

Made

Antropologica As Coisas: Os Enfeites Corporais e a Noção de Pessoa entre os Mamaindê (Nambikwara)

R Trekking through History: The Huaorani of Amazonian Ecuador

Forms of Symbolic Action

Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford

Redes de Relações nas Guianas Mana

Boletim do Museu Nacional

Cultural Anthropology


140/267


O Belo é a Fera: A Estética da Produção e da Predação entreos Wayana


From the Enemy’s Point of View: Humanity and Divinity in an Amazonian Society

A Inconstância da Alma Selvagem e outros Ensaios de Antropologia


141/267



142/267

Operação Amazônia Nativa

Conselho Indigenista Missionário

International Linguistic Society


143/267

Native Christians

2

Evangelicals and Catholics

crentes

3

2

3


144/267

The Skin of History: Paumari Perspectives on Conversion and Transformation

4

5

6

The Time of the Ancients

Americanos

4

5

6


145/267

Native Christians

Joima Jara 7

8

Treponemacarateum

kariva colocações

freguês pamoari

honai abono

9

pamoari honai abono

7 Jara

8 Americanos

9


146/267


purupuru pinta


147/267

Native Christians

The Skin of History

igitha

pamoari/honai abono

Kahaso and the time of the ancients:


148/267


Orobana and the era of the bosses

Joima (wild indians)

igitha igitha raboki


149/267

Native Christians


150/267


aja’diniki abonoi

to’ba ja’dini

The mission

imai daini


151/267

Native Christians

Aja’di kahagihi Deus gorana kahagihi)

vagaki


152/267


kohana hiki

.

20

Christian Life

ijori

20


153/267

Native Christians

Deus athi

jahaki

22

22


154/267


The Old Culture and Evangelism

23

24

F UNASA O PIMP

23

24


155/267

Native Christians

25

26

moro ahi

27

Conversion and Adoption

igitha 28

25

26 27

28


156/267


157/267

Native Christians

29

29


158/267


159/267

Native Christians

Mana: Estudos de Antropologia Social

Transformando os Deuses: os múltiplos sentidos da conversão

entre os povos indígenas no Brasil

Of Mixed Blood. Kinship and History in Peruvian Amazonia

The Anthropology of

Christianity

Shamanism, History and the State La Paix des Jardins: Structures Sociales des Indiens

Curripaco du Haut Rio Negro (Colombie)

Cuxiuara. O Purus dos Indígenas: ensaio etno-histórico e

Anthropologie et Sociétés

Lilies of the Field. Marginal People Who Live for the Moment

Mana

Deus na aldeia: missionários, índios e

mediação cultural

American Ethnologist Viagem pelo Brasil: 1817–1820

Fischers of Men or Founders of Empires ? The Wycliffe Bible Translators in Latin America

Cultural Transformations and Ethnicity in Modern Ecuador


160/267


Comendo como Gente: Formas do canibalismo Wari’

Journal de la société des américanistes

L’Homme


Araweté: os deuses canibais

Mémoire de la tradition

A inconstânciada alma selvagem – e outros ensaios de antropologia

Inner Asia

Transformando os Deuses: Os múltiplos sentidosda conversão entre os povos indígenas no Brasil


161/267



162/267

Introduction


163/267

Native Christians


164/267

Conversion, Predation and Perspective

Continuity and Rupture

2

2


165/267

Native Christians

3

Wari’ Conversions

3


166/267


The Lizard Myth

pamonha

kirik pin


167/267

Native Christians

The Missionaries as Consanguinized Enemies


168/267


169/267

Native Christians

taramaxikon


170/267


171/267

Native Christians

wari’

wari’

Predation


172/267


173/267

Native Christians

Hell as the Place of Prey


174/267


Conclusion


175/267

Native Christians

.


176/267


4

5

4

5


177/267


178/267


References

History and Tradition in Melanesian Anthropology

American Sociological Review

Études/Inuit/Studies

The Predicament of Culture. Twentieth-Century Ethnography, Literature, and Art

Of Revelation and Revolution.

Christianity, Colonialism and Consciousness in South Africa

1983 Essais sur l´individualisme. Une perspective anthropologique sur l’idéologie moderne

Religião e Sociedade

The Real People and the Children of Thunder. Thel People and the Children of Thunder. TheYup’ik Eskimo Encounter with Moravian Missionaries John and Edith Kilbuck

Transformando os Deuses. Os múltiplos sentidos daconversão entre os povos indígenas no Brasil.


179/267

Native Christians

The Interpretation of Cultures

Art and Agency: an Anthropological Theory

The Anthropologyof Christianity

Social Research

Conversion to Christianity. Historical and

Anthropological Perspectives on a Great Transformation

Africa

Shamanism, History and the State

angakkuit

Anthropologie et Sociétés

Études/Inuit/Studies

Do Kamo Person and Myth in the Melanesian World.

The Story of Lynx

Mana. Estudos de Antropologia Social

Translating the Devil. Religion and Modernity among the Ewein Ghana

Transformando

os Deuses. Os múltiplos sentidos da conversão entre os povos indígenas no Brasil.



180/267


Becoming Sinners. Christianity + Moral Torment in a Papua New Guinea Society.

Current Anthropology

The Anthropology ofChristianity

Historical Metaphors and mythical realities: structurein the early history of the Sandwich Islands kingdom

Islands of history.

The making of global and local modernities

in Melanesia. Humiliation, transformation and the nature of cultural change.

The Stranger-King; Or, Elementary Forms of the Political Life.

The Gender of the Gift: Problems with Women and

Problems with Society in Melanesia. Mana. Estudos de Antropologia Social

Mimesis and alterity. A particular history of the senses A particular history of the senses

Cultural transformations and ethnicity in Modern Ecuador

Man

Man (N.S.)

. Comendo como gente formas do canibalismo wari’

Mana. Estudos de Antropologia Social

Transformando os Deuses. Os múltiplos sentidos daconversão entre os povos indígenas no Brasil.


181/267

Native Christians

Ethnos

Journal de la Société des Americanistes

The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute

L’Homme

The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute.

2006 . Quem somos nós. Os Wari’ encontram os brancos

Time and Memory in Indigenous Amazonia.

Anthropological Perspectives.

Religião e Sociedade

Revista de Antropologia Mana.

Estudos de Antropologia Social Journal ofthe Royal Anthropological Institute

Povosindígenas no Brasil (1996–2000).

A inconstância da alma selvagem The Invention of Culture

The Sociology of Religion

A ética protestante e o espírito do capitalismo.

Conversion to Christianity. Historical and Anthropological Perspectives on aGreat Transformation

Transformando os Deuses. Os múltiplos sentidosda conversão entre os povos indígenas no Brasil.


182/267

Introduction

angakkuit


183/267


184/267

Shamans and Missionaries

The Anglican Mission Post in Churchill

2

3

4

2

3 4


185/267

Native Christians

5

The Missionaries in Kivalliq

angakkuit,

5


186/267


187/267

Native Christians

siqqitiq

pittailiniit

Inuit Parousial Movements

Angakkuit


188/267


6

6


189/267

Native Christians

The opening of new mission posts

Missionaries and Angakkuit

Missionaries Competing with Angakkuit

angakkuit


190/267


angakkuq

angakkuit

kigluraq tupilaq

angakkuq

angakkuit angakkuq angakkuq

qallunaaq tuurngaq

tuurngaq

manilirijjuti


191/267

Native Christians

angakkuit angakkuit

7

Confession and The Power of Seeing

angakkuq

angakkuit

angakkuq iqqaqtui

7 Les Cloches de Saint Bonniface


192/267


angakkuq

8

tuurngaq

qallunaat

9

angakkuq

angakkuq qallunaaq

8 9


193/267

Native Christians

angakkuit pittailiniit pittailiniit

Shamans and Preachers

angakkuit

Codices Historici

angakkuit

Donald Suluk


194/267


angakkuq

tuurngaq tuurngaqjuaq

Victor Tungilik

angakkuq

angakkuq angakkuq

angakkuq angakkuq

ikajuqti ikajuqti


195/267

Native Christians

tuurngait

tuurngait tuurngait

angakkuq

tuurngait angakkuq,

tuurngait

angakkuq tuurngait

tuurngait

tuurngait tuurngait


196/267


tuurngait

tuurngait tuurngait

siqqitirniq angakkuq

Conclusions

majulajuit

inua


197/267

Native Christians

tivajut

siqqitirniq

inua

siqqitiq

siqqitiq

pitailiniit tirigusuusiit maligait

siqqitiq

Siqqitirniq inua

atiit


198/267


References

Magic, Witchcraft and Curing

Numen

International review for the History of religions


199/267

Native Christians

Kajualik. Pierre Henri. Missionary Oblate of Mary Immaculate. Apostle of the Inuit

Eskimo La France et l’Exploration polaire, de Verrazano à La

Pérouse, 1523–1788. Book of the Eskimos

Eskimo

Eskimo

Dreams and Dream Interpretation

Mourir et renaître. La réception du christianisme par

les Inuit de l’Arctique de l’Est

Keeping the Faith

Apostle to the Inuit.

years: 1894–1905

Numen. International review for the History of religions

Material Culture of the Iglulik Eskimos. Report of the5th Thule Exp. 1921–1924

Terre stérile: six mois chez les Esquimaux Caribous Mgr Turquetil OMI apôtre des Esquimaux et le

miracle de ses missions Thawing out the Eskimo

The Transition to Christianity

Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit: Shamanism and Reintegrating

Wrongdoers


200/267


Folk

Perspectiveson Traditional law

Ethnohistory

Études InuitStudies

Report of the Fifth Thule Expedition 1921–1924

Études Inuit Studies

Études Inuit

Studies

Études Inuit Studies Cosmology and Shamanism

Legal Concepts among the Netsilik Eskimos of Pelly Bay

The Shaman’s Nephew

Prêtres et Missions

Eskimo

Eskimo of the Canadian Arctic

Kabloona and Eskimo in the central Keewatin

Eskimo


201/267


202/267


203/267

Native Christians

interpretive/heuristic value

Context


204/267

Baniwa Art

Annual Review of Anthropology .

Povos Indigenas no Brasil

American Anthropologist


205/267


206/267

Baniwa Art

not

History

2

2


207/267

Native Christians

3

3

foresaw imminent greatchanges in the world


208/267

Baniwa Art

4

aviamento

4


209/267

Native Christians

ibid.


210/267

Baniwa Art

5

6

5

6


211/267

Native Christians

7

8

9

The Baniwa Art Project (BAP): Structure and Objectives

7

8

9


212/267

Baniwa Art


213/267

Native Christians


214/267

Baniwa Art

Ischnosiphon spp.


215/267

Native Christians200


216/267

Baniwa Art


217/267



218/267

Baniwa Art 203


219/267


Iupinai


220/267

Baniwa Art 205


221/267



222/267

Baniwa Art 207

Heteropsis spp.

interpretive/heuristic value


223/267


224/267

Baniwa Art 209

References

Religiao e EspacoPolitico. Ateliers de Caravelle

20 Anos de

Experiencia de Gestao Publica e Cidadania.

American Anthropologist


225/267

Native Christians

Revista Colombiana de Antropologia

La Paix des Jardins. Structures Sociales des indiens Curripacodu Haut Rio Negro (Colombia)

Historia Indigena e do Indigenismo no Alto Rio Negro.

In Darkness and Secrecy

Comparative Arawakan Histories: Rethinking Language Family and Culture Area in Amazonia

Cosmos, Self and History in Baniwa Religion. For Those Unborn.


226/267

culture Culture

culture

this

Erntevölker

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft


227/267

Native Christians

muita terra

para pouco índio


228/267

Divine Child and Trademark

Product Information

Antarctica

Brahma Área Indígena

Satere-Mawe

Paullinia cupana

Paullinia


229/267

Native Christians

sateré sap’o

sap’o waku

Paullinia cupana


230/267


Growth Societies

Hainuwele

Hainuwele


231/267

Native Christians

because

development

growth

Uniawasap’i


232/267


Consumer Societies

killing is a prerequisite for growth and the primordial killing, which brought food and life to humans, has tobe perennially repeated in ritual

consumer societies

eat somebody eat with like somebody

anti-meal

communitas


233/267

Native Christians

dicen que por ser ligero

teko achy kue

aguyje

kandire


234/267


Economic Crisis

pau rosa, Aniba roseadora

aviamento

assistencialismo

Conselho Geral da Tribo Sateré-Mawé


235/267


Guayapi Tropical

Cooperativa Terzo Mondo

Projeto Guaraná fair trade


236/267


ywãnia)

Urgesellschaft

projeto guaraná

sehay wakuat

Uniawasãp’i

morekuat

sehay wakuat purati~g

sap’o

purati~g

Satere-Mawe patente

purati~g Wasiri


237/267


Anumare hit ahia~g Wasiri

Wasiri muleta Wasiri

agouti

Wasiri Wasiri’s

purati~g

tuxaua geral tuxaua geral tuxaua geral

tuxaua geral sap’o

tuxaua geral

tuxaua geral

crentes

purati~g

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