VivianBaby March Issue

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28 a U s e f U l g U I d e t o C H I l d r e n ’ s g r o w t H

protecting your baby’s scalp

the first milestones of life

paIntIngfosters creativity in children

glUten-related dIsorders In CHIldren

Publisher: Lawrence Gatt, Vivian Corporation Editor: Ray Buttigieg Contributors: Claire Camilleri, Hannah Cremona, Mariebelle Muscat, Luan May Sant, Sephora Schembri, Sarah Wismayer, Prof Thomas M Attard, Dr Samuel Aquilina, Dr Ramon Bondin

29 Sanitas Building, Tower Street, Msida, MSD 1824Tel: 2134 4610 / 2134 4616, Email: [email protected]

Welcome to the first issue of 2015, one which as usual is jam packed with various interesting reads on aspects of child development. These include

the importance of artistic expression in your children’s lives, new baby products and articles by experts in the paediatric field.

Don’t forget to submit your competition entries to be in the chance to win one of the fantastic prizes.

Until the next issue mummies and daddies... happy reading!

Gluten – Related disorders in Children

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12141618212225 Competitions

The Child’s Development Journey

Protecting Baby’s Scalp

Cereals: Little Grains of Energy

Painting fosters creativity in children

Silicone: Useful tips on food containers and utensils

Baby bath time & bathing techniques

Caring for your babies’ skin

10Fun ways to teach your children the alphabet

Ray Buttigieg and Team

2 • VIVIAN BABY • MARCH 2015

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Skin characteristics of newborn babies and infantsIn comparison to adults, the skin of newborns and infants is not yet fully formed and is, therefore, quite fragile. At the time of birth the skin is very thin and covered with a protective film, called “vernix caseosa”. This disappears immediately at birth because it ends its function, which is to protect the skin against maceration caused by amniotic fluid in the womb. The secretion of sebum decreases rapidly after birth, thus leaving the skin rather vulnerable and, in the weeks following birth, dry skin is a common occurrence. In the first months of life, the skin is still quite thin, with a thickness that is about half that of adults. The skin is unable to ensure effective protection and hence is more subject to alterations and irritations with possible infections and allergies.

In relation to their weight, the skin surface of children is proportionally greater than that of an adult. This leads to an increased concentration of substances absorbed through the skin, increasing the risk of problems due to the use of unsuitable cosmetic products.

Hence, the need to only use products which undergo strict clinical tests and experiments. In addition, the first months of life are characterized by a low level of sweating, and therefore poor temperature control leading to greater risks of heat strokes. The production of melanin is lower, compared to adults, which results in less protection against the harmful effects of the sun, and increased vulnerability towards reddening of the skin.

6To conclude, newborn skin has a limited defence capacity against bacteria

compared to the skin of an adult, and is therefore more prone to infections. This is due to the different skin acidity level: the so-called pH factor. This acidity is therefore vital to prevent infections. The use of cleansers which have a different pH level from the skin, in the first months of life, can increase the risks of skin irritation, and with it itchiness and scratching.

The Barrier FunctionAdults’ most superficial skin layer, the epidermis, is rich in fats and corneal scales that are essential for maintaining the correct moisture level within the skin. These structures regulate the evaporation rate of the water originating from the depth of our body, preventing excessive losses. This function enables us to have a well hydrated, soft and smooth skin. Children, especially infants (0

babies’ skinCaring for our


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– 24 months) have a much thinner skin and the production of lipids is still rather limited. The consequence is that they are more prone to having very dry skin which is also highly sensitive, and easily aggravated by external factors, (such as cold weather, wind and pollutants) and inappropriate cleansers. Apart from producing dryness, these factors can modify the barrier function of the skin. When bathing babies, therefore, it is important to look after their skin, choosing cleansers which do not strip the skin of its natural moisture-grease layer, which is its natural defence mechanism. At the end of a bath, it is recommended to apply cream, or a soothing and hydrating body milk to prevent dry skin which is so frequent during the first months of life.

What is the effect of touch?Touch is one of the most important sensory organs: the first one to become active, starting in the foetus phase. At the end of the 7th week, when the foetus is only 2 cm long, the tactile organ is already fully functional.

The sense of touch develops over the entire surface of the skin. However, the nerve ends are concentrated in some specific areas: the palm of the hand, the sole of the foot, the fingers and finally the lips. Just think that the hand area occupies a third of the brain’s motor center.

Though the sense of touch is a physical experience, it also has an important role in the development of healthy relationships.

Cuddles are a reassuring sense of love!

the OPiniOn Of the PsYChOLOGist


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There is no ideal time to give babies and infants a bath. Although, experience shows that it is advisable to perform this ritual before the evening meal. The play component of the bath tires the child, and the emotional interaction with the parent, full of cuddles and smiles, increases relaxation during the night and induces sleep.

Here are some tips for the caring and safety of the children:• Theidealbathtemperatureis

36/37°C, while the room temperature should be about 25/26°C.

• Itisrecommendedtouseatoweltopat children dry, rather than rubbing it over their skin.

• Childrenshouldneverbeleftaloneinthe bath, not even for a few seconds.

• Washtheeyesandfaceseparatelywith cotton wool soaked in physioclean solution.

Their little nose requires attention too. It can be cleaned very gently with a special cotton wool bud.

Their ears should be cleaned frequently, several times a week, using a cotton wool bud. It is recommended to only clean the outside of the ear, and not inside the hearing ducts, to avoid the risk of damage to the tympanic membrane or pushing the wax inside, which will cause it to block the ear.

Once a week you must cut their toenails, using scissors with a straight blade, to prevent ingrown nails, and rounded tips. The nails on their hands should be cut with the same frequency as if they are allowed to grow, they can scratch themselves as they explore their face and body with their hands. The operation of cutting their nails may be complicated if the child is agitated or gets fed up with being kept in one

position. Try to cut their nails when they are relaxed, for instance at feed times, or even while they are sleeping.

Care and attention should be given to washing their hair and in choosing the most appropriate cleanser. Standard adult shampoo is formulated to remove dirt with a degreasing process which can alter the hydro-lipidic mantle, a natural protection against external agents. Given the limited ability to replicate this natural protection, in infants and also in older children, we recommend using products that do not remove grease, and do not contain aggressive cleansing agents. For babies you can use the same cleanser used on the skin or an oil-shampoo, as this removes the dirt without altering the composition of the hydro-lipidic mantle on the scalp.

BathTime

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Nuvita products are available from all leading baby shops, supermarkets and pharmacies. ®

Silicone food containers & utensils5 Benefits of silicone kitchenware

Silicone products are the latest trend in kitchenware. Available in a vast array of colors and styles, silicone is being used to make everything from spatulas to muffin pans. Bakeware is especially popular, and with good reason. Here are some of the benefits, and information on how you can incorporate these products into your kitchen.

It’s Great for BakingSilicone makes baking easy because it creates a non-stick surface without

the need of grease or parchment paper. If you are making cakes, you can use one of the new pans, but if

you are using a cookie sheet you will need a liner. These liners fit into your metal cookie sheets. They are durable

and make clean-up easy. They also work wonderfully well for rolling out cookie dough or other baked goods.

Enhance Your Stovetop Cooking Experience

Pots and pans that are made from silicone distribute heat evenly, and the non-stick surface helps prevent accidental burning and crispy edges

on the food. You can say good-bye to ripped omelets and torn pancakes. They

will never stick to silicone, so turning and serving these foods is an easy task.

Silicone makes storage easier

Leftovers are easier to store and reheat with silicone. Traditional plastic storage containers are not always adequate for

freezer storage, and they cannot go into the oven. Silicone storage allows you to cook your food, put it in the refrigerator

or freezer, and then reheat the food, all in the same container. Instead of using four

or five pans and bowls, to cook, store, and reheat the food, you can use only one.

Easy to Clean Cooking Accessories

Silicone is used to make far more than bakeware. Spatulas, tongs, basting brushes, and trivets are only a few

examples of the kitchen accessories that can be found. These accessories are versatile and easy to clean, and

withstand heat far better than some of their ordinary counterparts.

They Are Great for Traveling

Travelers love silicone products. Their lightweight, collapsible qualities make

them the perfect choice for tight spaces such as cabins and recreational vehicles.

This flexible material can be pulled, tugged and shoved into tight spaces and

still pops back to its original shape, and of course the non-stick surface cleans easily.


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Did you know?

Finally, some tips for caring for your silicone kitchen products:• neverputanemptymoldintotheoven(fillany

empty muffin tray pockets with flour);• donotusemetalbrushesorabrasivestoclean

your molds;• warmsoapywaterandagentlespongewill

do the trick (or the dishwasher).

Some more benefits:• non-poroussotheydonotretainodorsorflavours• freezer,refrigerator,microwaveandovensafe• generallydishwashersafe• onlytakeaminuteortwotocooldownafteruse• cleaningisabreezebecauseofthenonstickqualities• neverrustorstain• easilystoredandspacesaving• heatquicklyandbakeevenly(noburntordarkedgesorbottom)• canbefoldedorstackedandwillkeeptheirshape

The benefits of silicone are obvious. These products are durable, easy to clean, and easy to store. However, you do need to take some precautions to get the most out of these products. You should avoid sharp knives or pizza cutters, for example, and always follow manufacturer recommendations for heat settings when baking. If you follow these suggestions, you should be able to enjoy the benefits of silicone baking products for many years.

Environmentally, there are benefits of using silicone. They eliminate the need for greaseproof paper, cling wrap and foil and over time will save you money.

Silicone is wonderfully non-sticky – when using silicone loaf and muffin pans no greasing is required

and food is released with a gentle twist or nudge. Most silicone products can withstand up to 260

degrees (500 Fahrenheit). Manufacturers do recommend maximum oven temperature for every item (they vary slightly) which is usually stamped

right on the product. No more melted plastic spatulas. Life is definitely too short for those.

These adaptable containers collapse to nearly half size when empty! Silicone food storage containers are versatile and ideal for storing food both at home and on the go. Collapsable after use for convenient space saving.

®

Silicone food containersPerfect for meals on the go!These containers:• Haveanantispillclip-onlid.• Canbeusedinmicrowaveovens.• Aresuitableforuseinfridgeandfreezer.• Siliconedoesnotallowthegrowthof

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Technical Features• Leak-prooflid• 0%BPA• 0%Phtalates

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Learning Made Fu

n! Learning Made Fu

n!

The best way to teach our children the alphabet?

is for apple is for ball

Children’s reading development is dependent on their understanding of the alphabetic principle - the idea that letters and letter patterns represent the sounds of spoken language. Learning that there are predictable relationships between sounds and letters allows children to apply these relationships to both familiar and unfamiliar words, and to begin to read with fluency.

Most children begin recognizing some letters between the ages of 2 and 3 and can identify most letters between 4 and 5. This means that you can start teaching your children the alphabet when they are around 2 — but do not expect full mastery for some time. What’s more, toddlers learn differently from older children, so do not pull out the flashcards just yet. Instead, rely on visual aids such as colourful alphabet pictures, books or puzzles — your children will have a great time pointing out the letters they know, as well as colours, shapes, animals, and other objects in the book or puzzle.

The first step in teaching the alphabet is getting your children interested in listening to stories. At

around age 2 or 3, children who are frequently read to get the idea that books contain print, which are made up of letters.

There are lots of fun ways to introduce your children to individual letters. Sign their name on a paper or a white board, then point out each letter one by one. Eventually they will get the idea that those letters, put together, stand for their name. You can reinforce this identification in many ways: Alphabet letters forming their name on the door of their room, perhaps, or a toy or puzzle personalized with their name. Or help them play with alphabet puzzles or refrigerator magnets that they can manipulate.

Once they recognize a letter, play word games — “What words start with

‘B’? Ball, baby, boy ...” or use the first letter of their name as the starting point — “Your special letter is ‘P,’ for Peter; can you think of any other ‘P’ words?”

Your children will not be able to write letters until they are about 4, so do not focus on teaching them to write until then.

If they seem interested, feel free to continue helping your child learn more letters. But if they are under 4 and show no interest, it is best to let it go for a while. No evidence suggests that very early alphabet learning is related to more advanced reading skills later on.

Here are some games and jigsaws from Orchard Toys which may help your children learn their alphabet in a fun and exciting way.

Taking the time to read or play with our children on a regular basis sends an important message: It is worthwhile.

��


Learning Made Fu

n! Learning Made Fu

n!Orchard Toys are available from toy shops, stationeries and supermarkets

Giant AlphabetLearn the alphabet with this huge floor puzzle.This big bright and colourful 26-piece jigsaw will help children to learn the letters of the alphabet in a fun way.Puzzle size 88 x 60.5cm

Alphabet MatchFirst alphabet puzzlesLearn the alphabet by matching the simple pictures to the letters. Only the correct cards will fit together.Each puzzle is 13 x 6.5cm

Alphabet LottoLearn the letters of the alphabet in this fun lotto game!Choose which side of the board you play on and try to be the first player to find all the cards that match the letters or pictures on your lotto board. 4 ways to play!

Brilliant Learning ToolsGreat Educational Games


Call us on freephone for your nearest Giotto Be-Bè stockist

Children who paint learn to think with an open mind, to look at situations creatively. They learn to express themselves more deeply through their art and their words. They’re able to take the lessons learned through painting and apply those skills to new situations. They develop critical-thinking skills and must make decisions about what works and what does not on their own.

Fun & More FunSplashing paint across a canvas is fun. It is a pastime children can take part in that is both constructive and enjoyable. And when someone sees their artwork, they will gain immeasurable joy from seeing the reaction of the people around them.

Self esteemBy learning to paint, children gain a skill which they can be proud of. It gives them a foundation to look at the world and, with confidence, they can accomplish a goal. The response they get from others in regard to their work can boost their self-confidence. Because there is no right way in the arts, children who paint can be proud to be unique and to express their artistic style.

Children need to work with other children and adults while they are learning to paint. This interaction will boost their confidence, and also give them social skills to help them in other aspects of life.

How Learning to Paint Benefits ChildrenPainting Fosters Creativity

Painting allows children to express their creativity and have fun. Developing a skill like painting provides the stimulus children need to be successful in all aspects of life. Let’s see how learning to paint can benefit your children!

Stress reliefPainting provides a sanctuary for children. When they are stressed, they can turn to painting to lose themselves in the brush strokes. The act of creating provides a soothing place for them to turn to, and the feeling of accomplishment from completing a project can help replace negative feelings about other things. It can act as a type of therapy, helping to bring out their feelings through painting.

Developmental benefitsCreative activities, like painting, help the brain develop. The right side of the brain is used for emotional and creative responses, while the left side of the brain focuses on analytical processes and logic. Learning to paint benefits children by using both sides of their brain. By stimulating the creative side of the brain, painting helps make the connection between the two sides, which is how we reach our full potential.


Giotto Be-Bè products may be found at leading supermarkets, stationeries and toy shops

The Giotto be-bè egg is a tool that allows an easy and quick introduction to mark making and drawing. It is a felt-tip pen holder with wheels that fits the child’s hand perfectly due to its ergonomic form. The be-bè egg leaves marks as the child moves the egg around the paper. Age: 18m+

Giotto extra quality paintGiotto be-bè Super Paint

Ready, steady, paint! Artistic expression knows no age limit, and being creative starts early with Giotto be-bè paints! This ready-mixed paint washes off easily from hands and fabric, and is perfect for a pre-school child’s first introduction to painting.

The rich colours offer excellent coverage, are easy to mix and apply, and provide an infinite range of opportunities for creative expression.

Water-based, safe and harmless, each bottle has a dosing cap and ergonomic grip. Available in 8 colours.

The Same Giotto Quality for Hands on Creativity!Creativity leaves its finger print!

Give a young artist free reign with Giotto be-bè super finger paints! Young children leave their creative mark with Giotto Be-bé finger paints that are safe, washable and smooth.

As a result of strict quality tests to guarantee maximum safety for children under 3, these finger paints are dermatologically tested and washable with warm water. Even the sponge density is designed to prevent it from crumbling and being accidentally swallowed. Each box includes three 100ml tubs of finger paint (red, blue and yellow) three sponges and a practical apron.

Giotto be-bè Egg and Colouring Pens


It is rather unusual to have doctors recognize an illness only after their patients have self-diagnosed and treated successfully. Perhaps we are witnessing the process as expert opinion shifts from the narrow definition of celiac disease to the broader concept of Gluten Related Disorders (GRD) that also includes wheat allergy (WA) as well as Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS). At the heart of the issue is gluten; a blend of the plant starch storage proteins gliadin and glutenin, the importance of which lies in the ability to confer elasticity and viscosity to foods. This

attribute has long been recognized, and through the slow working of agricultural practice amplifying desirable traits, has resulted in contemporary cereals including wheat that are exponentially richer in gluten than anything in past millennia. From an immunologic perspective, the richly allergenic gluten now constitutes a central candidate for several mechanisms of food intolerance.

The realization of a broader context for gluten related diseases was apparent when a consistent pattern of consumption of gluten-

free (GF) foods became apparent over the last several decades. This was clearly driven by consumption in excess of that accounted for by diagnosed celiacs; indeed current GF food consumption is in the order of five times that justified by celiac population estimates. The implication was that a segment of the public was choosing to address symptoms through dietary intervention spending more money on food that was at best similar or identical tasting as normal food. Current estimates include a ratio of five individuals with NSGS for every one with Wheat Allergy and

Gluten-related disorders

in childrenProf. thomas M attard Md FaaP FaCG

Associate Professor of Pediatrics, GastroenterologistConsultant Pediatrician Gastroenterologist

President, Malta Paediatric Association


every one (diagnosed) celiac; indeed however, there may be as many as five to eight undiagnosed celiacs for every known case. And where are these disorders going? Celiac disease itself is clearly increasing in frequency across the Western world but also the Mediterranean basin and traditionally unaffected populations like India and China. World-wide, increased affluence, exposure to refined wheat products rich in gluten, heightened awareness, and better access to, and more reliable diagnostic testing modalities have resulted in epidemic-scale increases in cases. Similarly, with the increase in allergic (atopic) disorders especially in childhood, my experience locally reflects anecdotal reports of increasing incidence of Wheat Allergy (very often testing negatively on food allergy panels). This mirrors, coincidentally, the increasing recognition of NCGS in the pediatric population characterized by generalized symptoms, fatigue, grogginess, bloatedness and discomfort usually clearly related to recent ingestion of gluten containing foods.

Perhaps the greatest challenge facing our pediatric patients with GRD remains diagnosis. Celiac disease is gaining more visibility but the novelty of both Wheat Allergy and NCGS, the difficulty in defining reliable diagnostic tests and some reluctance from medical professionals to ‘label’ their patients has kept the group of disorders the remit of specialists. That is perhaps set to change as awareness and educational efforts are underway.

One aspect of management that deserves emphasis is the reversion to naturally gluten free food as opposed to normally gluten containing foods that are made with gluten free substitutes. The latter, attractive as it may be in stressing apparent food choices that are identical to the general population implies more food processing, a far more expensive selection of foods and, sadly a much greater opportunity for fraud. On the other hand, a naturally gluten free diet takes advantage of the

vast array of gluten free foods and preparation techniques that result in a staggering variety of satisfying, healthy and economical selection of foods. Furthermore a naturally gluten free diet takes advantage of more culturally compatible foods including fresh local and organic grown produce. Another facet of management, especially in Celiac Disease in children is the need to

Central to our ability to cope with gluten related disorders including celiac disease is education; one of the world’s leading experts in the

field, Professor stefano Guadalini has been invited to Malta by Narrative Structures to deliver two talks; one for doctors, the other for

the general public between april 23rd and 25th. For further information and to attend kindly send an email

to [email protected]

a naturally gluten free diet

takes advantage of more culturally compatible foods

including fresh local and organic

grown produce

establish a team approach and indeed, to include the child in the team. This is crucial as increasing independence will challenge our ability to directly supervise and maintain the diet. Given the period spent at school and other activities our children’s health will require tactful but clear education to recruit teachers, coaches, friends and their families along with relatives into the circle of trust.


Cereals provide us with all the energy needed to power our bodies, and what’s more Plasmon

cereals are fortified with vitamins and minerals making them a good nutritional source! As with all the products produced by Plasmon, the Plasmon cereals adhere to the Oasi Plasmon concept. This concept ensures that crops are grown without the use of pesticides and also away from pollution sources such as motorways. Therefore we can be rest assured that our loved ones are not being exposed to nasty chemicals coming from pollution such as motor vehicle exhaust or pesticides. Oasi Plasmon also guarantees the traceability of the raw produce, to keep track of the quality of the final product.

It is suggested that the first cereal to be given to babies is the Crema di Cereali Riso. Rice cereal has a very neutral taste, and can be mixed with both savoury items, such as steamed vegetables, or sweet items such as milk and fruit. The Crema di Cereali Riso is also milk free, making it a good addition to your babies’ diet, in cases

Little Grains of EnergyCereals

of diarrhoea. Rice cereal is also gluten free, making it a good carbohydrate source during the first stages of weaning. Crema di Cereali Riso, Mais e Tapioca is another gluten free option, making it an ideal first cereal. Another alternative is the Crema di 4 Cereali. This cereal mix is made out of four grains, namely; wheat, rice, barley and oats. Due to the wheat content this cereal is not gluten free, therefore it can be used to gradually start introducing gluten into the weaning diet. Semolino di Grano is another neutral tasting cereal that on preparation results in a creamy, lump-free consistency.

Cereals are most commonly associated with breakfast, however they can easily be used for other meals during the day, resulting in a healthy, balanced and complete meal. If your

young one has not yet gotten used to solid food, you can replace pasta with cereal, resulting in a complete meal with a smooth and creamy texture. If you need a quick meal fix; why not add cereal to assorted vegetables?

The Pappa Lattea cereals are a range of cereals that can only be added to water and/or sweet dishes, since they already contain milk and fruit flavourings. They are convenient to be used for breakfast or as a snack since they are very easily and quickly prepared. There are four flavours of Pappa Lattea cereals; Biscotto (biscuits), Mela (apple), Pera (pear) and Frutta Mista (Mixed Fruit).

Enjoyed as part of a balanced diet, cereals can provide energy in the form of complex carbohydrates as well as minerals and vitamins such as calcium and Vitamin B.


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Supporting your child’s growththrough all the stages

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Let ’s discover t he Oasi and its surroundings

Plasmon has recently introduced the Plasmon 4 Frutti, a tasty

and highly nutritious fruit snack for your baby. The Plasmon 4

Frutti is a healthy combination of fruits; orange, apple, apricot

and banana.

These ingredients are all cultivated under the concept of

Oasi Plasmon, which guarantees the maximum safety of the

final products using high quality raw materials.

Plasmon also offers a vast range of fruit snacks packaged in

120g jars, re-sealable tubs and pouches for your convenience.

Ask for Plasmon at your favourite stockist.

NEW


How ABCDerm Babysquam works?Better known as “cradle cap”, neonatal seborrheic dermatitis seborrheic dermatitis affects infants aged 1 to 4 months. Due to excess sebum secretion, these greasy and sticky brownish scales primarily appear on the scalp, the area with the most sebaceous glands. Not really problematic for the baby, they are mostly unsightly.

ABCDerm Babysquam gently eliminates cradle cap by combining a gentle exfoliant, which targets fatty tissue and dissolves it, and a moisturising and healing action. The formula contains nourishing and moisturizing properties, which forms a protective film on the skin to limit transepidermal water loss. Fragrance-free and with neutral pH, ABCDerm Babysquam respects the scalp and can be used on a daily basis. Its creamy texture is massaged onto cradle cap (scalp, eyebrows, behind the ears), left to work for 15 to 30 minutes and then rinsed off with a mild shampoo.

ABCDerm Babysuam helps eliminate cradle cap without attacking or drying the scalp. Why use ABCDerm Babysquam?Hypoallergenic: ABCDerm Babysquam is a hypoallergenic product that will not cause allergic reactions or irritations.

Chemical free: ABCDerm products are free from Parabens, preservatives, colouring, fragrances and additives, using only essential ingredients.

Dermatological safety: ABCDerm Babysquam cream guarantees safety by undergoing high standard tests run by dermatologists.

How ABCDERM Babysquam protects baby’s scalp

ABCDerm caters to all skin types, with 15 different skin care products especially for babies, providing to every baby’s needs from sun protection to daily hygiene. ABCDerm has high ethical standards and a commitment to educating parents about the prevention and treatment of skin irritations. The manufacture of products follows a set of dermatological standards including safety, efficacy, tolerance and traceability.

About ABCDermABCDerm Babysquam, 40ml

www.bioderma.com

ABCDerm is available exclusively in pharmacies in Malta & Gozo.

Sometimes you will hear your paediatrician referring to cradle cap by its fancier medical name – seborrhoeic dermatitis – but do not get too impressed because after all it is a harmless self-limiting condition which most of the time resolves slowly by itself over a few weeks or months.

Seborrhoeic dermatitis may affect different parts of the body including behind the ears, the neck, or in skin folds but in infants it is most commonly found in the scalp and upper part of face. It is easy to recognise because of the yellow, greasy scales that start appearing on the scalp and forehead. Some of these scales dry up and start flaking leaving exposed red skin. Do not worry if you see some hairs falling off with the flakes. Cradle cap is most probably caused by an interaction between the body’s oil-producing glands and skin yeasts. Rest assured it is not due to poor hygiene – though daily

washing of hair is recommended with or without cradle cap – and it is not contagious. No particular baby is more at risk than another.

Although, as stated earlier, cradle cap normally gets better without treatment, there are a number of ways which can help you and your baby hurry up the process. Make sure you shampoo your baby’s hair daily with an appropriate mild baby shampoo. While rubbing gently the baby’s head, you will hopefully manage to loosen up some of the scales with your fingers. Then, before rinsing the shampoo off, try using a soft toothbrush or fine-tooth comb to loosen the scales further. Almond or olive oil may be used overnight too. If these measures are not enough, anti-cradle cap creams can be lightly massaged into the scalp for around 15-30 minutes before rinsing off with a mild baby shampoo. Make sure the products you use do not hurt the eyes and have

Cradle capCradle cap is one of the common skin conditions in infancy and therefore it is highly likely that your baby will get cradle cap at some point during the first few months of life. In fact, cradle cap has been described in children between the ages of 3 weeks and 1 year but most – about 70% - will have it around the age of three months

been well tested for safety with regards to the babies’ delicate skin. Rarely, your paediatrician will need to use anti-fungal creams and shampoos if the cradle cap spreads and worsens.

Always visit your paediatrician for advice if you are uncertain of the diagnosis or if there was a poor response to over-the-counter treatment. You may also want to consult your paediatrician if the dermatitis is severe or widespread, or to exclude secondary infection if the child is scratching the lesions.

So, in a nutshell: • washyourchilddaily• usetherightproducts• giveitsometime• consultyourpaediatrician• thenyouwillbereadytohavethat

first baby photoshoot.

Dr Samuel AquilinaMD, MSc Comm. Child Health (UK), MRCPCH (UK)


from 12months to 24 months

The child has, up till now, been quite manageable and under your control but soon enough, this will

not be so true. As children enter this phase of their development, you may start noticing some

dramatic improvements which might even occur overnight. The following article will highlight

some of the main skills which your toddler will develop. Just keep in mind that the ages at which

normal children develop different skills vary greatly and just because a child has not developed certain

skills by the indicated age, does not necessarily mean that there is a problem.

This is an exciting phase of your child’s development and the highlights of this period are the child

learning to walk on his/her own and saying the first words. We shall go through these main highlights

and since children develop their skills at different ages, I am going to indicate these as expected age

ranges rather than specific ages.

children may have already started to take a few steps on their own before one year, however, some may take up to 18months to start walking. Initially, they are quite wobbly on their feet and may need some help by holding your hands. The choice of shoes is important and ideally these should have a firm sole, good all-round ankle support and Velcro fasteners for easy tightening and removal.

children are curious and may wonder where you are going as you take the stairs. So, after managing to walk on their own, their next step in their exploratory journey is to try the steps. They should never be allowed to do this unsupervised, so use baby gates to keep them safe. Children may climb stairs by putting both feet on one step before going on to the next step starting age 18 months and may take up to 2 years.

hands are important tools and by now, children have already managed to use their hands to grab. This year, the child will learn to use a finger to point to objects of interest. They will try spoon feeding themselves and although a bit messy, this should be encouraged. Later during this year, the child may start turning multiple pages in a book and grab a thick crayon with their palm. Wall graffiti are a favourite subject so beware!

Walking Stairs Hand Skills

The child’s

development journey

By now your child has already been introduced to different foods and during this year one should continue working on establishing meal times. You may start noticing that your child prefers certain foods and that his/her appetite may decrease. Avoid whole nuts due to the choking hazard they present.

your child may have already started saying a few words and during this year, more words will be learnt. Use the opportunity to mention the name of the object your child points to. Speech may not be so clear and you should repeat the word correctly so they can hear it. Besides verbal expression, your child will explore different facial expressions and learn to use these in different situations. Tantrums may be a result of expression difficulties. By two years of age, your child should know about fifty words.

while exploring their surroundings during this period; children cannot judge the safety of their actions. Try to direct the child’s attention onto some other activity to avoid the situation degrading into a tantrum. Your child may prefer playing with you rather than with other children but she/he may try to imitate the actions of other children. Later they may show parallel play whereby the child plays with a toy imitating a child next to them. Make play as interesting as possible and encourage the use of books with large bright pictures. You can use these books to encourage speech and vocabulary. Use play to teach activities of daily living such as dressing, washing and later on toileting.

FeedingCommunication Activities

dr ramon BondinMD, MRCS

This article has been brought to you by SM

A Progress Kids

...always be positive and encourage your child to achieve. The need for structure is important and remember that a child forms his character precisely in these first years.

‘we worry about what a child will become tomorrow, yet we forget that he is someone today’ stacia Tauscher

whatever you do...


By now your child has already been introduced to different foods and during this year one should continue working on establishing meal times. You may start noticing that your child prefers certain foods and that his/her appetite may decrease. Avoid whole nuts due to the choking hazard they present.

your child may have already started saying a few words and during this year, more words will be learnt. Use the opportunity to mention the name of the object your child points to. Speech may not be so clear and you should repeat the word correctly so they can hear it. Besides verbal expression, your child will explore different facial expressions and learn to use these in different situations. Tantrums may be a result of expression difficulties. By two years of age, your child should know about fifty words.

while exploring their surroundings during this period; children cannot judge the safety of their actions. Try to direct the child’s attention onto some other activity to avoid the situation degrading into a tantrum. Your child may prefer playing with you rather than with other children but she/he may try to imitate the actions of other children. Later they may show parallel play whereby the child plays with a toy imitating a child next to them. Make play as interesting as possible and encourage the use of books with large bright pictures. You can use these books to encourage speech and vocabulary. Use play to teach activities of daily living such as dressing, washing and later on toileting.

FeedingCommunication Activities

dr ramon BondinMD, MRCS

This article has been brought to you by SM

A Progress Kids

...always be positive and encourage your child to achieve. The need for structure is important and remember that a child forms his character precisely in these first years.

‘we worry about what a child will become tomorrow, yet we forget that he is someone today’ stacia Tauscher

whatever you do...


Important notIce: Breast milk is best for babies and breastfeeding should continue for as long as possible. Before you decide to use an Infant Formula, consult your health professional for advice. Sma Follow on milk is for babies over six months. It is not to be used as a breast milk substitute during the first 6 months of life.

✔ Ready to feed in liquid format, pre-mixed with the correct ratios of powder and water, just as it should be

✔ Great for on the go activities when you are away from the comfort of your home

✔ Available in 200ml lightweight tetra packs

✔ Can we enjoyed at room temperature or warmed

✔ Suitable for children aged 6 months & over

For more information visit www.smamums.co.uk

Sma Follow-on milk is also available in 400g and 900g tins.

Send an SMS with your answer to 50619615 by not later than 30th April 2015 along with your name & surname. Each SMS costs 28c.

The first drawn correct answer wins 5 SMA Progress Kids tins.

competition

Which of the following is an advantage of the SMA Follow-On Ready to Feed Tetra Pack?

1. Lightweight and conveniently pre-mixed

2. Re-sealable3. Can be given directly

from the carton

Breast is best for Babies

FREEENTRANCE

9:00 Registration & Coffee

Programme 1: Parents-to-be Programme9:45 First Aid for Babies and Toddlers Mr Charles Fenech10:30 Breastfeeding and Sterilisation Ms Helen Borg11:15 Refreshments12:00 Bonding With your Child Dr Daniela Mercieca

Saturday 18th April 2015, 9:00amLe Meridien Hotel & Spa, St Julian’s

EduCATioNAl SEmiNAR

Parents-to-be and parents with babies under 12 months, are requested to book in advance by calling our Freephone 8007 3102 or 2132 0338 or via email [email protected] stating: • Name & Surname • Name of accompanying adult • Due date or baby’s age • Preferred Programme

BooK YouR SEAT!

Claire Agius ordway and Chrysander Agius will be hosting this event.

Organised by

Programme 2: Parents Programme9:45 Common Dermatological Conditions

in Infants and Children Dr Chris Sciberras10:30 Infant Nutrition Dr Robert Cassar11:15 Refreshments12:00 Enhancing your Child’s Intelligence Ms Jacqueline Abela DeGiovanni

Vivian BabyP FREE PARKiNG

AVAilABlE AT THE HoTEl


Important notIce: Breast milk is best for babies and breastfeeding should continue for as long as possible. Before you decide to use an Infant Formula, consult your health professional for advice. Sma Follow on milk is for babies over six months. It is not to be used as a breast milk substitute during the first 6 months of life.

✔ Ready to feed in liquid format, pre-mixed with the correct ratios of powder and water, just as it should be

✔ Great for on the go activities when you are away from the comfort of your home

✔ Available in 200ml lightweight tetra packs

✔ Can we enjoyed at room temperature or warmed

✔ Suitable for children aged 6 months & over

For more information visit www.smamums.co.uk

Sma Follow-on milk is also available in 400g and 900g tins.

Send an SMS with your answer to 50619615 by not later than 30th April 2015 along with your name & surname. Each SMS costs 28c.

The first drawn correct answer wins 5 SMA Progress Kids tins.

competition

Which of the following is an advantage of the SMA Follow-On Ready to Feed Tetra Pack?

1. Lightweight and conveniently pre-mixed

2. Re-sealable3. Can be given directly

from the carton

Breast is best for Babies

FREEENTRANCE

9:00 Registration & Coffee

Programme 1: Parents-to-be Programme9:45 First Aid for Babies and Toddlers Mr Charles Fenech10:30 Breastfeeding and Sterilisation Ms Helen Borg11:15 Refreshments12:00 Bonding With your Child Dr Daniela Mercieca

Saturday 18th April 2015, 9:00amLe Meridien Hotel & Spa, St Julian’s

EduCATioNAl SEmiNAR

Parents-to-be and parents with babies under 12 months, are requested to book in advance by calling our Freephone 8007 3102 or 2132 0338 or via email [email protected] stating: • Name & Surname • Name of accompanying adult • Due date or baby’s age • Preferred Programme

BooK YouR SEAT!

Claire Agius ordway and Chrysander Agius will be hosting this event.

Organised by

Programme 2: Parents Programme9:45 Common Dermatological Conditions

in Infants and Children Dr Chris Sciberras10:30 Infant Nutrition Dr Robert Cassar11:15 Refreshments12:00 Enhancing your Child’s Intelligence Ms Jacqueline Abela DeGiovanni

Vivian BabyP FREE PARKiNG

AVAilABlE AT THE HoTEl


Mummy’s Competition

Send an SmS with your answer to 50619615 by not later than 30th April 2015along with your name & surname. each SmS costs 28c

The first drawn correct answer wins a Plasmon hamper worth €30

mention two plasmon pappa Lattea cereals

Word Search complete the word search by finding the following words:

Send your Word Search to: chicco Word SearchVivian corporation29, Sanitas Buildingtower Street, msida mSD 1824 by not later than 30th April 2015, along with your name and surname.

SAlESAvEdiScounTScuddlESSKinwASh

BAThMoiSTurESiliconEconTAinErSAlPhABETPAinT

there will be 3 winners and each will receive an Alphabet match game from orchard toys

competition

competition

t s a v e c s s a c ev n t v r n t w s s li n i m u t i s t i iw l t k t e b c n l ta l t o s b u s u i es r e n i a t n o c ah t a b o h l d c o dl w w i m p a e s n ot c u d d l e s i e nn a t n i a p d d n fx n n r i m a s o g e

WINNERS

COMPETITIONWINNERS

COMPETITIONSMA Progress Kids Competition: Jael BuhagiarChicco Competition: Deborah D’Amato, Carmen Portelli & Karen PacePlasmon Mummy’s Competition: Joanne ElseABC Derm Competition: Corinne Spiteri, Natalie Borg, Peter Cini, Dorianne Cassar & Beverly SpiteriISSuE 27

competition

ABcDerm Babysquam is used for:

Send an SMS with your answer to 5061 9615 by not later than 30th April 2015 along with your name & surname. Each SMS costs 28c

First 3 correct winners win an ABcDerm Babypack.

a. Nappy Rashb. Eczemac. Cradle Cap

WAREhOuSE SAlE

Mon to Sat Shop hours

SAlE CoNtINueS

at Galleria Complex level 0, Fguraclothing & shoesand a vast selection of toysat fantastic prices

uP TO 70%OFF

8007 3102


WINNERS

COMPETITIONSMA Progress Kids Competition: Jael BuhagiarChicco Competition: Deborah D’Amato, Carmen Portelli & Karen PacePlasmon Mummy’s Competition: Joanne ElseABC Derm Competition: Corinne Spiteri, Natalie Borg, Peter Cini, Dorianne Cassar & Beverly SpiteriISSuE 27

competition

ABcDerm Babysquam is used for:

Send an SMS with your answer to 5061 9615 by not later than 30th April 2015 along with your name & surname. Each SMS costs 28c

First 3 correct winners win an ABcDerm Babypack.

a. Nappy Rashb. Eczemac. Cradle Cap

WAREhOuSE SAlE

Mon to Sat Shop hours

SAlE CoNtINueS

at Galleria Complex level 0, Fguraclothing & shoesand a vast selection of toysat fantastic prices

uP TO 70%OFF

8007 3102


Growing up milk from 1 year +

Breastfeeding is best for babies. You should always seek the advice of a doctor, midwife, health visitor, public health nurse, dietician or pharmacist on the need for and proper method of use of infant formulae and on all matters of infant feeding. Good maternal nutrition is important for the preparation and maintenance of breastfeeding. Introducing partial bottle-feeding may have negative effect on breastfeeding and reversing a decision not to breastfeed is difficult. Social and financial implications should be considered when selecting a method of infant feeding. Infant Formulae should always be prepared and used as directed. Inappropriate foods or feeding methods, or improper use of infant formula, may present a health hazard.

www.viviancorp.com • www.smamums.co.uk29, Sanitas Building, Tower Street, Msida MSD 1824Tel: 2134 4610Email: [email protected]

Nutritionally balanced for active toddlers

Fortified with ironContributes to normal cognitive development

Calcium & Vitamin D for bone development

Contains Omega 3 & 6 for growth and developmentBeneficial effects of essential fatty acids is obtained with a daily intake of 10g linoleic acid and 2g of alpha-linolenic acid

We remind you of the importance of a varied and balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle from the very beginning.

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