VOCABULARY to go with Lab “MOTION IN REVIEW”

FORCEINERTIA

VELOCITYFRICTION

Newton’s first Law of Motion

FORCEDefinition: A PUSH OR A PULL

Example: pulling the garbage can, pushing a bike up a hill.

INERTIA

Definition: An object’s tendency to either remain at rest or in uniform motion at the same speed in a straight line

Example: Your body keeps moving forward even though the bus is stopping.(DISCOVERED BY Galileo Galilei)

VELOCITY

Definition: Speed in a particular direction.

Example: Biking 25 miles (speed) in an hour South(direction)

Newton’s First law of Motion

Definition: An object can remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted on by an unbalanced external force

Example: A ball stays in the same place until someone kicks it. A ball may keep moving until the grass slows it down.

FrictionDefinition: a force that slows an object from moving.

Example: rubber on the bottom of sneakers, brakes on a bike/car

Types of friction: fluid(water), air(parachutes/athlete’s uniform), mass(sliding vs. static)

Vocabulary for “Gravity and Balance”

GRAVITYGRAVITY SUPPORT FORCENEWTONPOUNDWEIGHT

GRAVITY

Definition: A force pulling objects toward the center of the Earth

Example: a falling baseball or leaves falling

GRAVITY SUPPORT FORCE

Definition: An equal force that opposes gravity’s downward pull

Example: sitting chair example

NEWTON

Definition: Unit of force in the metric system(N)

Example: One newton(N) = .225LBS or One pound = 4.45 Newton(N)

POUNDDefinition: The United States’s customary unit of force(lb)

Example: One newton(N) = .225LBS or One pound = 4.45 Newton(N)

WEIGHTDEFINITION: The strength of the force of gravity pulling down toward the earth’s surface

Example: the weight of a bowling ball is more forceful than a basketball.

MOVING MASSES

ACCELERATIONMASSNEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF MOTIONAir Resistance

ACCELERATIONDefinition: Rate of change in the speed and direction(velocity) of an object. Note: This can mean speeding up, slowing down(deceleration), or changing direction.

Example: A car increases speed to pass another car.

MASSDefinition: Measures the amount of matter in an object

Example: Compare a softball to a foam ball, how are they different? A softball has more material compacted in one space than the foam ball. Therefore, it has more mass.

NEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF MOTIONDefinition: A greater unbalanced external force causes greater acceleration of an object; Therefore, a greater unbalanced external force is needed to accelerate(speed up/slow down) an object of greater mass.

Force = Mass X Acceleration

Example: It takes more power to stop/move a heavier object than a lighter object

AIR RESISTANCEDefinition: A force exerted by air against an object moving through it and acts in the opposite direction of the object’s motion,”drag”

Example: parachute, clothing on an athlete, etc.

Vocabulary for Lab “Basketball Arcs”

FREE FALL

PARABOLA

FREE FALLDefinition: Floating objects float because of their speed in relation to the Earth-

Example: The air craft travels as fast as it is falling downwards, causing the objects/astronauts to float.

speed forward(8km/sec) or (5mi/sec): falling speed (5m/sec) or (16ft/sec)

PARABOLA

Definition: A path that curves or makes an arc caused by gravity’s downward force

Example: Connection: As a basketball player shoots from the free throw line, what path does the ball travel to get into the hoop?

VOCABULARY for Lab “Rolling On”

SPEEDDistanceTimeFRICTION

SPEEDDefinition: Speed- Measures how far an object travels in a period of time

Formula: In order to calculate speed, you need distance and divide by time.

DISTANCE

Speed = Distance divided by Time

TIMEDefinition:Time elapsed from start to stop

measured: seconds, minutes,hourstime = distance /rate

FRICTION(repeat)Definition: Occurs between a moving object and the surface on, or medium through, which it moves

-Opposes motion and reduces speed of a moving object

Example: 4 types of friction:Fluid (air/water) Static (stationary) Sliding (moving) Rolling (moving with wheels)