Youth4JOB Seminar “Learning mobility a key factor that expands horizons in education, in

training and employment” (Naples, Tuesday 25th June 2013)

Presentation

• Introduction / Overview of the sector • Support Services to Youth Jobseekers • Labour Market Mechanisms • Skills Forecasting & Anticipation • Gender Issues • Provisional conclusions and

recommendations

Introduction / Overview of the sector

Seafaring profession – romantic profession

Introduction

• Seafaring professions has traditionally been considered a romantic profession among young people, but in today`s labour market has dramatically changed prorities of career choise. People prefer to work in industries that do not require physical fitness. Professions connected with sea going is physically difficult, which involves a high level of knowledge, stress resistance and high responsibility for people and materials.

• Considering these and other things, what I will mentioned later, maybe the seafearing professions are not for everybody, but many people find their lives exactely on sea.

Introduction

• At present, the maritime industry has more than 40 thousand vacancies.

• Latvia is in good situation with other EU countries – Latvia is in the 5th place in Europe, with several institutions of higher education in Maritime sector.

5th. Qualification Level

4th Qualification Level

3rd Qualification level

2nd Qualification level

Maritime upgrading programmes

Latvian Maritime Academy

Maritime college of Liepaja

2 Maritime Schools

3 Further vocational education centers Deck ratings

Deck Officers A-II/3

Engine Officers < 750 kW

Deck Officers A-II/1

Engine Officers A-III/1

Deck Officers A-II/1+ A- II/2

Engine Officers A-III/1 +A-III/2

Electrical engineers

Engine ratings

Employment by ships type

55%

12%

7%

6%

6%

5% 9%

Tankers Ro -ro Offshore vessels

General cargo vessels Reefer vessels Heavy lIfts

Other ships types

Support Services to Youth Jobseekers

The best way to find a job after graduating LMA

54%

25%

15%

4% 2%

50%

22% 21%

6%

1%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Work in practice Search for a jobwith the help ofacquaintances

Search for a jobthrough the

Internet

Apply to theCareer Center

Jobseeker's CVprovide tocompanies

Students

Non-students

Support Services to Youth Jobseekers

• The major of the respondents (students, and also non-students) believe in obtaining the best job opportunities aftercompletion of their studies as a result of an employment relationship ocuuring at the company they have before served as trainees.

• The next best option indicated by both groups of respondents – is job search through corporate relationships.

• Greater interest in terms of career center services is shown by respondents who have only yet considerred styding ar LMA.

What qualities must possess a person who works in the maritime field?

Students / potential students

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

What qualities must possess a person who works in the maritime field?

• Students and potential students as the most important qualities for a maritime employee indicate such characteristics as responsibility and disciplinē. Also aso ne of the most important qualities respondents have pointed out the need to be informed about the regulatory requirements of the maritime industry.

• Students, who are already familiar with the nuances of the largest maritime professions, rely on two characteristics: the ability to be accountable for their actions, disciplinē (33%) and the need to know the rules governong the sector (20%).

• Potential students who have not yet been involved with any labour relations in the maritime sector, recognize the before mentioned qualities as important by 18% and 12% volume. Potential students place physical fitness and courage significantly higher than the current students.

• Unexpected trend found in during the study could be the two groups of respondents estimating the importance of language skills very low.

Labour Market Mechanisms

The labour market represents a constitutive part of the market system. The market system stands as a subsystem of economy and society. First of all, the labour market mechanism results from the essential interdependencies between the structural components of such market, between the labour market and

the other markets, between the market system and the economic one, as well as between the economic and social

system. Secondly, the labour market mechanism arise from its functional relations with the operational, executive,

legislative, institutional and organizational structures of the social system from which it belongs, and which functional

relations manifest as public preferences towards the functioning of the labour market.

Labour Market Mechanisms

Demand determine the labour market The demand for professionals in the maritime field is very high.

Shortage of seafarers

BIMCO - a shipping association ISF - International Shipping Federation DREWRY Shipping consultants

Source Supply Demand Gap

BIMCO/ISF 624 062 636 543 – 12 481

DREWRY 532 400 562 200 – 29 800

Students of LMA wearing uniforms, during their studies

Positive aspects of working in the maritime sector / student answers

Salary - 35%

Travel opportunities - 28%

Prestige - 8%

New Experience - 6%

Exciting work - 4%

Career growth - 4%

Language learning - 4%

Stable employment - 3%

Fitness - 2%

Marine Uniforms - 2%

Discipline - 2%

Long time yourself out of contract - 1%

Romance of profession- 1%

Positive aspects of working in the maritime sector / student answers

• Students have overwhelmingly stressed the salary as a key motivating argument for working in teh maritime sector. Slightly fewer respondents have identified opportunities to combine work iwth traveling. Criteria, such as romance, job prestige or other mentioned in the graph, are considered to be much less significant in comparison with the possibility to obtain a decent salary for the work.

Positive aspects of working in the maritime sector / non student answers

Too long away from home (homesickness) - 65%

Health hazard - 15%

Hard work - 7%

Lack of sexual - 5%

Health Problems - 4%

Stress and overwork - 3%

Working holidays - 1%

Positive aspects of working in the maritime sector / non student answers

• An overwhelming majority of potential students as the most negative atribute to the work in the maritime sector have indicated long-term absence during a trip, which denies appropriate contact with relatives. A relatively small proportion indicates the hazards of the profession directly related to potential health problems.

• There is no single understanding of what should be considered a positive or negative aspect for emplyment in the maritime professions.

Gender Issues LMA started enrolling female students with a 15% restriction to Navigating Department in 1994. In each of the 20 student classes, the number of feamle students did not exceed 3. However, in 2003 this restriction was lifted.

The current number of students 2012/2013.

• Study programm Women Men Kopā

Marine transportation – navigation

48 289 337

Marine transportation – marine engeneering

1 133 134

Marine transportation – marine electrical automation

1 66 67

Postgraduate 10 20 30

Kopā 60 508 568

Women's employment activities on board in Latvia

Total number of women 507 100 %

Senior ship managers 3 0,60 %

The operating level of vessels managers

20 3,90 %

Vessel operating personnel 469 92,50 %

Deck rating salors 13 2,60 %

Inland Waters qualification 2 0,40 %

Conclusions and Recommendations

Conclusions Recommendations

The motives of choosing profession of

Young people were determined by

*) economical:

good salary, posibility to maintain family

welfare, career possibilities;

*) social:

wish to acquire education, seafarer`s work

is responsable, seafarers are valuated as

specialists, seafarer`s profession is one of

the most perspective for those who live in

seaside reagion;

*) psychological: seafarer`s work seemed

to be very intreesting, dream to vecome a

captain or chief mechanic.

Maritime education and training institutions have to explain young people all merits of maritime profession and show possibility for them to find emotional attractiveness and realization of their interests if they choose maritime professions.