Vol. VI. No. 8 AUGUST, 1951

INFORMATION Sai£D tr THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN

8. FAIRFAX MANSIONS, FINCHLEY ROAD ( FAI ?A'XTOAD ) LONDON. N.W.3 Office and Comaltlni Hoart : 10 a.m.—I p.m.. J—6 p.m. Sunday 10 a.m.—I p.m. Telephone : MAIdt Vala 909« (Ganaral Offica)

MAIda Vala 444» (Employmani Afane/)

owfl

t W H. EmJ en :

IRAQ-WHERE HISTORY REPEATS ITSELF iarh • ^'•""°P^ ^"^s yet in a state of complete

i m « a v *' " ' ' there were on the Tigris, as excavations )arU ^'"^"dantly proved, traces of a culture dating Bcist *° ^^^^ ^•^' ^" ^^^ valley of the Euphrates H f'? a definite centre of an advanced civilisation, <irv -^ astronomy, geometry, engineering, land ( T,(V '"S and various arts reached, by 3000 B.C.,

l O A i v e r "* °* perfection. At the junction of these jj), ^ 's the traditional site of the Garden of Eden ;

8101DH Sabylon and the Tow ' / Qay tj, lergroAssy,!^ « «

ecu

er of Babel stood is township of Hilla and the empire of

with the towns of Assur and Niniveh P'ed the fertile plains of the middle Tigris.

ttil ^'^^"y from time immemorial, Jews were

tibe '" '•^^^^ districts, . \bout 3000 B.C. Semitic 'av • ''"^'^'"g from the Arabian desert forced their

iij](j "^to the northern parts ; Jews were there

>• five

Ro»W(i(.f"?^° the northern parts ; Jews 3f ,. the .\rabs and the Abbesids (who ruled there (jn ^ centuries), and went on living through the , sol, Persian and Ottoman misrules and tyran-

IG

N

off. •""' "•" Liiiics they were prominent in the ,^__^ions and the financial administration of the

L BETWEEN WAR AND PEAC|; I J^ state of war between Germany and the

hffce Western Allies has ended. A political r s which has been going on for the past years [l "US been brought to its logical conclusions.

* Jews from Germany, however, the news is . t o create conflicting feelings. Has the war

j^^^t us which started on January 30, 1933, ' an end .' Thinking of the wounds inflicted

fci °' ' community we are reminded of the words / 1 '"leine's hymn : " Victory—but wherever we

t v 2 1.'.*^ ^ce the bodies of our nearest ones. 'o;

erne's hymn e !

' ^ d y can re^'ive our martyrs. But the least /'Id have expected was a historical manifesta

^ the name of the German people against the , ^ of Xazi Germany. For more than six years,

^e been waiting in vain for such a declaration, "ave been individual statements by states-

Politicians and Church leaders, but neither' °vernment nor the Bonn Parliament have

j^ an Opportunity to say what ought to be said alf of a nation in whose name mass murder

.tirpassed dimensions had been committed. «"en,

Te. ice cannot be e.xplained as an organisational ^ Y j l ' . ' t would not have been kept if the emotional

• * f "'titual conditions for a spontaneous act had

'f'astroph, 'e itself: •

ual conditions for Painful as this may be for the victims of

it may also be fatal for the German ,^ — Even if the whole world were silent,

1 be our duty to speak . . . a crisis cannot coine if we remain silent about the origin,

L ^^, development and after-effects of the pc'J" It ' ^ays the German poet Hans Carossa in hi;

'^hile, as remnants of exterminated families, ^tully remember the love we received from

*ho )-6 I ^ar

were not permitted to see the end of

• th i . as members of a people which has lost kn/^ °* ' t s men, women and children, we

"'"y celebrate the first Tisho be'Aw after a ( ^ ( y 'ch has ended but not yet led to peace.

state and contributed to the welfare of a country which, once rich and prosperous, ceased to be so after the Mongol wave had passed over it.

After the first Great War, Turkey renounced under the Treaty of Lausanne the sovereignty over that area of 116,000 square miles (double the size of England and Wales ; 65,800 square miles, how­ever, are desert) and, as a constitutional monarchy a new Arab state was formed. This is how the biblical Mesopotamia became Iraq, with Bagdad as capital.

I t is by now obvious that by applying the prin­ciples of nationality and of national self-determina­tion in these parts, the politicians of after 1918 have invited catastrophe. Tbe Middle East is not divided into compact homogeneous national units but is a criss-cross of religious and cultural groups of nomads, peasants and townspeople. .A.11 have their own difierent traditions and are accustomed to a measure of self-government which does not fit into a state devised on national lines. .\11 are also intertwined with each other and form a complex and rich pattern of social and economic life. This was obliterated in 1923 and the ruin of Iraqi Jewry is the latest growth in a destructive process of impoverishment, suffering and dispersion.

Pe r secu t ion S t a r t s A few years ago there were 100,000 or 110,000

Jews in Iraq among a population of 4,800,000, of whom 3,140,000 were Moslem and 101,000 Christians ; in Bagdad, with 555,000 inhabitants, lived 80,000 who maintained 26 synagogues with their own ritual and over 60 schools, .\lmost immediately after the death in 1933 of King Faisal —of whom it is said that he was the only person of influence in Iraqi politics capable of fairminded-ness and tolerance, and a great friend of England —the feeling of acute insecurity began when, following the well-known pattern, anti-Jewish restrictions and discriminations of all kinds were introduced. The pro-Axis revolt of 1941 was accompanied by a pogrom in Bagdad in which, according to official reports, 110 Jews were killed, 240 injured, 586 Jewish enterprises looted and 911 houses destroyed. (Unofficial accounts put the numbers considerably higher.) .Another outbreak of mob violence occurred in 1946 when hundreds of Jews were wounded and Jewish shops plundered. The record of these years, so like the dreary and familiar history of Continental anti-Semitism, shows that a t least in this respect the Moslems of Iraq have learned from Europe and that a well-staged appeal to racial and religious bigotry will succeed also in Iraq : in a country in which clean water is a luxury, not much can be expected from a trumped up story of poisoned wells—but on May 9, 1947, a Jew, accused of having distributed poisoned candy to Arab children, suffered death at the hands of a mob.

Jewish emigration from Iraq to Palestine was for the last decade or so severely restricted. With the formation of the State of Israel on May 15, 1948, it became a capital offence and after the humiliation of defeat in the war against the new state the position of the Jews in Iraq came to a crisis.

To break through the blockade and to escape persecution, Jews resorted to all sorts of devices and a few thousand reached Israel via Iran. This clandestine evacuation the authorities were unable to stem. So, suddenly, in 1950, the policy was reversed and Jewish emigration legalised. However, those who chose to leave of their own free will lost their citizenship and had to quit within two weeks.

To dispose of their property in time was thus impossible ; the market became flooded with houses and household goods ; the price of furniture sank abruptly ; a violent propaganda to buy nothing from Jews started—and everything went according to pattern.

A new law was passed on March 10 of this year. I t stipulates that all property of Jews who have lost their Iraqi citizenship will be frozen and placed under the administration of a custodian. This law applies not only to those Jews who had actually left Iraq but also to those who were still in Iraq awaiting transport to Israel. In presenting this Law, it was revealed tha t nearly 100,000 Iraqi Jews had registered for emigration, but that only about 35,000 of this number had actually left. The law thus placed nearly 70,000 Jews in a dire plight as they can neither dispose of their property nor earn a living.

H u m a n R i g h t s Infr inged A second law passed a few days later concerns

Iraqi Jews living abroad. With a few exceptions, they are to be asked to return within two months, or to forfeit citizenship and have their property frozen. To this is only to be added that these two laws single out Jews for special discriminatory treatment and are thus a clear infringement of the principles of the U.N. Charter and of the Declara-of Human Rights adopted by the U.N. of which Iraq was a signatory. As the number of well-to-do Jews in the country may be estimated a t 15,000 to 20,000 and the whole of Jewish property at from 30 million to 50 million pounds, a considerable amount is involved.

The flow of people to Israel started in June 1950 and went on intermittently all through last year. The emigrants were flown first to Cyprus and from there to Israel ; the reason for this procedure was that, since the Iraqi Government did not admit the existence of such a country as Israel, planes could not fly to it. This application of the Western doctrine of sovereignty has now been dropped and at the end of March planes were allowed to fly direct from Bagdad to Lydda, the Israeli airport. Since the passing of the new laws in March, the emigration has assumed the aspect of a stampede.

A people so deeply rooted in a country as the Iraqi Jews would, except under the most com­pelling necessity, not uproot themselves as com­pletely as they are doing and give up all they have —their positions, their educational and communal organisations, and their own observances and immemorial usages. .\nd so once more ancient communities and centres of a fine culture face obliteration from the map of Jewish life.

U R O O F F I C I A L S V I S I T G E R M A N Y Mr. F . Goldschmidt, Joint Secretary of the United

Restitution Office, London, and Mr. K. Friedlander, Legal Adviser (URO, London), were received by the Presidents of the State Indemnification Offices (Entschaedigungsaerater) in Berlin, Munich, Stutt­gart and Wiesbaden. Implementary regulations pursuant to the indemnification laws and other topical problems were discussed on behalf of URO and of the Council of Jews from Germany.

Questions of social insurance of victims of Nazi persecution, the enactment of a comprehensive law dealing with the pre-war obligations of the German Federal Republic and of a law regarding pensions for former German civil servants, judges, etc., living outside Germany, the transfer of pensions from Germany to Great Britain, procedure regarding declarations of death and certificates of inheritance, the enactment of indemnification laws in the British Zone, and other problems were taken up with the Federal Ministries of Labour, of Finances, of the Interior, of Economic Affairs, of Justice in Bonn and with the Ministry of the Interior o_f,the Land North Rhine/Westphalia in Duesseldorft '

Page 2 A J R I N F O R M A T I O N A u g u s t ,

RESTITUTION NEWS B E L A T E D C L A I M S AND C O R P O R A T I O N

T R U S T

' A J R

H. " U N I T E D N A T I O N S N A T I O N A L S "

Decisive Date Al t e red By Laws No. 54 and 55 of May 31, 1951 (Official

Gazette No. 56, June 7, 1951) the Council of the Allied High Commission has altered the definitions " United Nations " and " United Nations Nationals " as far as these expressions are used in any legislation of the Occupation Authorities or of authorities to which they have succeeded.

.According to Law 54, the expression " United Nations " shall mean :—

(a) the nations listed in a Schedule of Law No. 54, being nations which signed or adhered to the United Nations Declaration, dated January 1, 1942, or which by declaring war on Germany became associated with them in the war prior to May 8, 1945 ;

(b) any territorial enti ty which was administered or controlled by a nation included in paragraph (a) and was involved in the war against Germany by reason of the participation of such nation ; and

(c) any nation which has become or becomes independent after May 8, 1945, and whose territory a t tha t date formed part either of the territory of a nation included in paragraph (a) or of an entity included in paragraph (b).

By Law 55, the Military Government Laws re­garding rate of conversion of claims from RM to DM have been amended. For the purpose of this legislation the expression " United Nations Nationals " now means ;—

(a) natural persons who at any time between September 1, 1939, and June 27, 1948, were nationals of or, if dual nationals, had a nationality of any of the United Nations, unless such dual nationals resided in Germany at any time between September 1, 1939, and May 8, 1945, and enjoyed full rights of German citizenship ;

(b) corporations and associations which were in existence on May 8, 1945, under the laws of one of the United Nations and which are in existence on June 27, 1948, under the laws of one of the United Nations.

This Law shall be deemed to have comt into force on June 27, 1948.

The new laws will influence the legal position of Israeli citizens and of refugees in other countries who were naturalised between May 8, 1945, and June 27, 1948, with regard to the conversion laws and the Equalization of Burden Levies and the Immediate Aid Tax.

G L O B A L S E T T L E M E N T IN B R E M E N The Land Bremen has made a Cjlobal Settlement

with the Successor Organisation for the heirless and unclaimed Jewish property (IRSO). According to the agreement all the claims of IRSO are taken over by the Bremen Senate against a payment to IRSO of 1,750,000 DM. A similar Global Settle­ment has been made some months ago in Hesse, which paid 50,000,000 D.M. to IRSO ; negotiations with Bavaria and Wuerttemberg-Baden are still pending.

" H A F T E N T S C H A E D I G U N G " IN BAVARIA The original compensation law for Bavaria did

not provide for indemnification for detention (Haftentschaedigung) if the persecutee had emi­grated before January 1, 1947. By a subsequent Implementary Order these persecutees have also been given a claim, but only within the limits of the funds available. A recent circular of the Bavarian Minister of Finance stipulates that emigrated claimants from Bavaria, who have not yet submitted their claims, should send in their applications to the Landesentschaedigungsamt, Arcis Strasse 11, Munich, by November 22, 1951,

I N D E M N I F I C A T I O N IN H E S S E The Hesse Land Government has issued an

Implementary Order, in which details about indemnification for damage to former members of the liberal professions are laid down. The Order stipulates inter alia tha t indemnification for assumed losses may be granted for the period between the claimant's removal from his profession (or the restriction of his activities) and the termina­tion of his 65th year. The total compensation must not exceed the amount of 25,000 DM.

P E N S I O N S O F A U S T R I A N O F F I C I A L S All former Austrian public servants now in this

country, including employees of the Austrian railways and of other public undertakings, are requested in their own interest to send details of their claims to Mr. .\. G. Brotman, Secretary to the Board of Deputies of British Jews, Woburn House, Upper Woburn Place, W.C.1, or to Dr. F . R. Bienenfeld, Legal Adviser to the World Jewish Congress, 55 New Cavendish Street, London, W.l , in order to enable the Jewish organisations in this country to undertake steps to have the claims recognised and paid to the claimants.

G I F T P A R C E L S T O G E R M A N Y According to German regulations any German

individual may receive free of duty one food parcel per month. 'The parcels may contain coffee up to 1 lb., cocoa up to 2 lbs., chocolate up to 2 lbs. Parcels containing only coffee and/or chocolate and/or cocoa are not permitted. The total value of these items must not exceed two-thirds of the value of the total contents of the parcel, .\raongst the articles which are not admitted in gift parcels to Germany are tea, tobacco, cigars and cigarettes.

The Council of the Jewish Trust Corporation Germany, Ltd., the Succe'isor Organisation ope^ ing in the British Zone of Germany and the Btifl Sector of Berlin, has decided to place before] extraordinary Meeting of the Corporation to, ^ held on 14th August 1951 a Resolution provi% "^ for an addition to the Memorandum of Associatipj.^ This will give the Corporation powers to restotjj-^g Jewish individuals, their testamentry heirs (T^he A ' mentserben), or their near relatives (spouse, pa'''jnessa children, grandparents, grandchildren, brothers Cgj ^ J sisters and thfi spouses of such relatives) prop" p or compensation received in lieu of such prop^mmi™ in cases where the above persons omitted, thrc^g- ° inadvertence or other good and sufficient reasoVjitej.^ lodge a claim within the time limit laid dow'ti- •"

entitled to make; a charge ior its services. Settler, Restitution Law No. 59. The Corporation sh^-mg •

Correspondence regarding restoration of ^essioj, property should be addressed to ; Jewish ^lOmn] Corporation for Germany, Prien Building, Alstel^f^ujjj. Jungfemstieg, Hamburg. 36. 'iconif

iniddie »rotn ^ G E R M A N C O N S U L A T E

The telephone number of the Visa Section o't)eo German Consulate General at 30 Princes Gard^; P'c London, S.W.7, is KENsington 3649. ^g ^^

TOWN PLANNING AND BRITISH PROPERTttU" IN GERMANY

By Dr . E. J . C O H N , Ph .D. , B a r r i s t e r - a t - L a w In many towns within the territory of tlie Federal

Republic reconstruction work is going on at con­siderable speed. While both the work and the pace at which it proceeds is being generally and rightly approved of by most outside observers, save tliat the preponderance of office buildings over living accommodation is considered as a disturbing factor, it is frequently overlooked that these re-constructional activities are not infrequently carried out at the expense of the owner of the real property on which the new buildings are being erected. In many cases town planning activities have greatly interfered with the enjoyment of private property. In some cases they have led to what cannot be described otherwi.se than as a form of nationalisation against a compensation which is entirely insufficient. Conditions vary considerably in the different Laender of the Republic. But a considerable number of cases have become known where the municipalities or even the Laender them­selves have claimed to be entitled to take over directly or through the intermediary of settle­ment organisations valuable ground at prices which are far below the real value of the property in question a t the present time.

There is no need here to investigate the position of owners of real property who possess German nationality. The protection against nationalisation without sufficient compensation which the Federal Basic Law offers is undoubtedly considerably inferior to tha t which prevailed under the Weimar Constitution. It is, however, too early to say anything in this connection on the extent to which owners of real property in Germany are protected by any rules of German law against confiscatory legal enactments of the German Laender or even the Federal Republic. At the time of writing a test case awaits hearing by the new Constitutional Court whose judgment will, one hopes, assist in ascertaining the true meaning of the somewhat guarded formula applied by article 14 of the Basic Law (" Bonner Grundgesetz " ) .

Non-German owners of real property in Germany are, however, not solely dependent upon the rules of German law and the protection of the German Courts. There is no need for them to submit to the less equitable provisions which are in force in some of the Laender. They can call to their aid a rule of international law which in recent years has repeatedly been confirmed in decisions of inter­national tribunals, in international agreements and in the practice of the leading member states of the international community of nations. According to this rule any state is a t liberty to subject property of foreigners within its territory to measures of nationalisation on one condition only : i.e., if adequate, prompt and effective compensation is paid for any property of a foreigner thus subjected to nationalisation. In this connection it does not matter whether the individual legal rule by which

°fthe

^tgani, postal

\f. The Iphar

the nationalisation (or municipalisation) is effected is discriminatory against foreigners o''5^{^ ''ge The German legislation in question does, of coj^^e fa, in no case discriminate against foreigners. v*"ce however, does not prevent the rule of internatif'C'Ur ^ law from being applicable ; in effect it has ^towjjj recognised that this rule may result in a prefere^^creat treatment of foreigners. Where the compens^ to xn which is in general payable to owners of nations* or municipalised property is not adequate, prot },,- j and effective, it will always result in a prefere^ui).uj.J treatment of holders of foreign interests. x'^twep

The fact tha t sovereignty in Germany is a t pr^rchar. divided between Di:. Adenauer' Government jituj^-the Allied High Commission has no bearing O^OUQ^,. issue. I t goes without saying tha t the Allied Jppg^j. Commission to the extent to which it exeJyearg , functions of German sovereign power is bounjncj 'j ^

^•eg( 'otte,

^>cke,

m *r,

, Wish rmer;

l^ditic ttost \ • 'cke,

the rules of international law just as any German Government would be.

In general the rules of international law unfavourably from those of the ordinary natWet legal systems in that they can be enforced orJ. diplomatic action or by an action in an interna'' court in which only states—and not private viduals—can obtain a hearing. For this rea! is important to note tha t in the present case o' of property affected by measures of nationalis will probably not have to encounter the s^'-often unsurmountable—difficulties by which i' f' tweg too many cases persons are faced who are ^ Thg to enforce rights under any rule of interna<%ast gj law. Article 25 of the Basic Law provides tbs'fheu ^^ general rules of international law are part E'ch ^ parcel of German international law, have preceojahjj.j over the rules of German national law and "^"trg rights and liabilities for and against all p ^ ' P o r t habitually residing in Germany. To the exti" which adequate, prompt and effective compen! is not provided for under German law the indi foreign estate owner would therefore appear to a direct claim against the German land or cipality in whose favour nationalisation is I-M J ^ put into effect—a claim which can be enforc^^ the German Courts, a fact which does, of '-". YJ not preclude other possibilities of enforcement') X x ^

The extent to which such a claim for sw mentary compensation exists can, of cours ji considered only in relation to the individual j provisions of German law by which the natio"') 9, Uj^ tion or muuicipalisation is pu t into effect. WT"" any compensation which is payable to a oi\i account can be considered as " effective " ^] the meaning of the rule of international 1*^J in general well be a matter of considerable o i The purpose of these lines is fully served by c* the attention of British owners of propef^'j Germany to the fact that they need not accep,. same meagre rate of compensation witb j German owners may conceivably in many have to put up. i

B il

• Q

^i- l -AjR^INFORMATlON August, 1951 JST ^ ~~ •

•Hertiert FreeJen :

P a g e 3

ation • 1 ope" e Brif iefore NAHARIA )n to )rovi4;n fh^ " '' many jokes about Naharia dates back !ociaOV,r„^ *""^ ^ 'hen the UNO Commission for Palestine -es toC P°s.«d io cut off Western Galilee, and thus s (T«4he r'^K ^ ' ' ° " ^^^ Jewish sector and to add it to

paf^tnpc: ^^ P ^ ^ • ^^^'^ ^i^ inhabitants sent an alleged I^hersn-p^^^Se of loyalty to Dr. Weizmann, " Naharia p r o p / p'-'"^ German." props'imnv"" seventeen years ago by middle-class

t h H e p u ? ? " * ^ '"°™ Germany, the settlement has a reasoli^^j . ° " for a particular air of orderliness and dow'bv «f"^^" ^^^ initial development plans drafted

1 shafhe t ^^"'^"^*"'"^' expert, Mr. S. Soskin, foresaw Sett/ ' utilisation of very small areas. The iessi^'^^'i ^"^ 'i^ 'cr, many of whom had been pro-

sn *touriri"^fi ™^° before becoming farmers in Palestine, Xlsteltainir plots not large enough to sustain their

incom'*' ^'id had to look around for additional •nidd?^ I^<?spite the fact that most of them were

(Iroiti ^"^S^*^' they showed exemplary initiative and " " ° i)eonl ^^^^ rnodest beginnings of letting rooms to Gat''air on t?^^'^'"S '"' s* *"<^ recreation in the fresh sea

Js no the coast of Western Galilee, developed what J ^ j , j ^ } ^ ^ most flourishing seaside resort in Israel,

i T i n f Inri ' ' ° ^^^ Middle East. During the War t f j i j ^ . ^ f dence. Naharia was cut off from the rest cotvjJr -"^ shuv, yet the settlers managed to establish OrM^"'^"^^tions with Haifa by sea. They even Postal'^^^ an emergency postal service and their local

fi Th ^f ' ^P ' 'as now become a philatelistic treasure. •^orl'ianp fathering of the Exiles has wrought deep

" f oAe f *'*° ''^ Naharia. During the day one hears " ' 'lfeaiice*' ' °T S'tens ; in the evening the tunes of l^ tif°ur f" '* come from cafe gardens ; and at the •Y^^ (Prowi ° '^awn there is mooing of cows and the •f^rrf^creat^ °^'^°'^'^^~*^''<=^ facets of its life : industrial, " 3 s to ni"i"^'' ^"'^ agricultural. Naharia's problem ^^^d ^" entity of these contrasting features. 2. proli Vj, . Agr i cu l t u r a l Ach ievemen t s

^itural'^'* ^^as originally thought of as an agri-'etwe settlement and the first holdings were tchar^" 't'^'e and nine dunams each, based on ''tuat ^'egetables, and chicken farming. The 'alio ' ° t •" Jewish agriculture in 1934 and the Ppear ri ^^^^^ ^'^* '''^^^ difficult. .\t that , time it

exeiyears i ^^^^ * large number of fruit trees such as bouolind ^iP^ttts, and apples did not grow a t the seaside,

f veff^t^f*''' ' * incurred great losses. The growing f'otted f * *' ^°°' ^ ' ^ " ° * successful, as the areas Ihicltp ( ^^^^ purpose were much too small and Tiet in'' tiing, being a highly specialised industry, A'ar, ?"*"y instances with failure. The World I Wsh^^ generally changed the situation of lartner '"'^'culture in Eretz Israel, helped also the Iddit;;^ ' t Naharia who had by then obtained °-dav"^ land between 20 and 30 dunams each, lost f '•' ''" position h

re"*sa<|hicke° ^^em have cattle

my

law / nai d onl; ernal vate , reai ise 01 jnalii y' their position has been consolidated and

addition to their ch io^tw^el" '^"'^ ^° '^ \egetable gardens. There are are trf Thp ." ' and 120 families living or erna ;s

,t«;a.,t!'^'T'^-ali iing on agriculture.

past in 1939 of British troops in the Middle s thalhen co^^*^*^ ^ "" " ^"-"^ leave centres which Palestine part ffch a hardly meet. The increased demand for

jreced^^aliari'"^"'*'^^ spurred the struggling settlers of ind "^Qtre * *? develop their village into a recreation 11 p<

exti ipen! indi' a r t "

or 1 is nford of CO' m' or

Slowlv poj. .Jiowiy this activity became the most 'hari "^ t)ranch of their economy and has given '«hai

a unique place in Israel. To-day there are . . .c5~J'as hotels, boarding-houses and private tnov "'^ l^ds available for visitors, and the annual ve f^ ^rom tourists is Ii'400,000. The settlers

tffied a co-operative to develop the beach amenities make up for a rougJi sea.

thanv

sufi ^"^ SON & COMPANY (LONDON) L T D .

MERCHANT BANKERS course, idualj atioCJS.tjj^

V1>T "*^ERs GARDENS, E.C.2 PHONE C E N 0354/5 bl'^ a

e 1 l^'^j^ bled^

ropef';' acceP^ i t b *j lanV

BLOCKED GERMAN MARKS ^ND AUSTRIAN SHILLINGS

E N Q U I R I E S I N V I T E D

There is a casino with a restaurant and terraces, a modern swimming pool, a covered area with ample beach chairs to protect the guests from the sun, showers, bungalows, tennis courts, children's fair, etc. There is a jet ty which was financed by the Jewish Agency durmg the War of Independence, but it needs an extension of 30 to 40 metres to be of use for motor boats. Public parks with lit-up fountains in the evening, and the Gaaton, a small river flowing through its centre and flanked by eucalyptus trees add to Naharia's green and pleasant appearance. There are a number of projects, especially the building of new hotels which will further expand the seaside resort.

However important tourism is, it is not sufficient to sustain a rapidly increasing population. Within the past few years, an industrial sector has been developing, which at present employs 350 families.

A b s o r p t i o n of N e w c o m e r s Like everywhere in Israel, the problem of

absorbing the newcomers is of over-riding import­ance. Ten years ago, when a local council was established, the community consisted of 1,000 people. In May 1948 it had grown to 1,700 souls. To-day it counts between 8,000 and 9,000 inhabi­tants. Most of the new immigrants come from Yugoslavia, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Rumania. There are also some fifty families from Yemen and a few families from China. I t is only to be expected that Naharia socially and otherwise has not yet coped with this enormous influ.x. The little town­ship which only a few years ago consisted of a homogeneous population hailing in their majority from one country has now become a melting pot of colourful humanity. Most of the newcomers are middle-class people, so that at least in their social structure they do not differ greatly from the original settlers. Many of them are artisans, engineers, etc., and have already found their place in Naharia's administration and public works. Some of them had the initiative to establish a flower seed co-operative which meets with a widely felt demand in the country.

The problem of housing has been most vigorously tackled in the community. In addition to the expanding centre of the township, there are now three new housing schemes. One, built by the National Housing Corporation, .A.midar, was started two years ago and provided a roof for over 450 families. Each unit consists of a room with a kitchenette, etc., either in Swedish prefabricated wooden huts or in stone buildings. The second housing scheme bordering Naharia in the north is more elaborate and tits very well into the style of the original settlement. Each family is provided with a house of two and a half rooms on a plot of 2 to 3 dunams each, on which there will be auxiliary farms. The third extension of Naharia is a reception area in which there are living between 1,100 and 1,200 famihes, mostly hailing from Rumania. As many of them are middle-aged people and have no professional skill, their absorp­tion meets with greater difficulties. None the less, in the whole of Naharia there are only 100 people unemployed and also they could be given work if they were willing to accept it.

In designing the future of Naharia, the authorities try to preserve the rural character of the town centre. No house is allowed to have more than two stories, i t must be built on a minimum of one dunam each and 15 per cent, of the built-up area must be set aside for private gardens and public parks. There is a town planning scheme which distinguishes clearly between the agricultural and industrial sectors ; but although the farming sector will be preserved, the development of Naharia from a village into a town cannot be halted. The budget of the local council in 1941 was /3,000. To-day i t is £350,000.

There is an active cultural life within the community—theatrical performances, concerts, and lectures are being given frequently, and week by week during the season. Two years ago, an amphi­theatre was completed by the local council, and there is also an open-air cinema. Not so long ago, German was the preponderant language in Naharia, but in the meantime many of the settlers have become proficient in Hebrew. However, with the influx of newcomers from different countries, the language problem has once more become topical.

ANGLO'JUDAICA M a t r i m o n i a l A d v e r t i s e m e n t s

Shortly before he announced his resignation, the Editor of the Zionist Review made a notable effort to add to the attractions of his journal. He authorised the printing of matrimonial advertise­ments.

That a similar step wifl be taken by the Jewish Chronicle seems unlikely. Throughout its IIO years the " Organ of British Jewry " staunchly refused to trespass on the ancient, honourable trade of a Shadchan. Even to-day it will do no more than let lonely ladies and discreet gentlemen ask for one of their own se.x to share a holiday or beguile a week­end, though it would be interesting to know how often these perfectly respectable and innocent enquiries produce in fact the results of a matri­monial advertisement.

More recently the problem has been attended to by a Jewish equivalent of the Matrimonial Post, the Jewish Advertiser, which described itself as " the first Jewish Matrimonial Paper and Marriage Negotiator of its kind catering for the Professional, Middle and Working-classes." The novelty appears, however, to have worn off rather faster than was anticipated, and instead of the paper there is now a Jewish Matrimonial .Agency.

Such an agency undoubtedly provides a sadly needed social service. There does not seem to be as yet a specific Jewish section within the National Marriage Guidance Council. A conference called by the Board of Guardians some time ago felt tha t Jewish purposes would be served best if Jewish social workers, including ministers of religion, were employed on the general Council.

' lo be sure, if it is a matter of securing an intro­duction, the usefulness of the synagogue should not be entirely neglected. To do so would disregard Jewish as much as English tradition. Even to sensitive young ladies it will be a wholly legitimate and fairly safe path to follow. They can depend on the advice and experience of Miss Jenny Simper, one of the most delightful characters in Addison's Spectator essays, that being young women and having probably a fortune to make, they should " go constantly to Church to hear divine service and make conquests."

Men a r e in D e m a n d By and large it would seem that men are more

in demand than women. No doubt many Jewish ministers, if taken into confidence, will hear plaints like tha t recently reported by a London vicar : " Where on earth can I find a decent man ? All the possibles are married already. Finding an eligible bachelor is like looking for a needle in a haystack."

Things here are obviously very different from what they are among the Moslems in Israel, where fathers were last year content with £\50 but now demand ;£500 per girl. This sharp rise in the cost of living is said to have caused poor youngsters to join the Communist Party, where marriages do not depend on the husband's finance.

C. C. A.

There are now two intensive Hebrew courses being conducted in two requisitioned hotels, but for the time being for many of the new immigrants from Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia and Rumania, German serves as the only link of communication.

During the past two years the population of Naharia has increased five-fold—from 1,700 to 9,000. According to the plans of the Government, this seems, however, to be only the first stage of its development, for Naharia has been marked down as a town of 50,000 people to be the administrative, commercial and industrial centre of the Western Galilee. In 1948 Western Galilee had a Jewish population of 3,000 ; to-day it has increased to 20,000, but it still marks only the beginning of intensive colonisation. Naharia is the natural focus of the 35 settlements in that northern part of Israel, with the district offices of the Govern­ment, a hospital containing 40 beds (surgical and maternity wards), and a clinic. If one considers that the future Jerusalem is supposed to double its present population to 250,000 and the future Tel Aviv will have 400,000 inhabitants, 25 per cent, more than to-day, the proposed growth of Naharia into a town of 50,000 is all the more rapid and radical. However, with the talents and ability of the local people to organise their affairs and with the natural assets of the area, it is to be expected that Naharia of the future will be no less a success than tha t of the present.

Page 4 AJR

AJR INFORMATION August , ir

Lutz W^eitmann :

TOBIAS STORY TOLD ANEW •When Friedrich Walter left Germany after 1933,

he was a most promising literary critic of the younger generation. When one reads his first novel Die Reise mit dem Engel (Schwingen Verlag, Kufstein Wien), one sees these hopes fulfilled in a veritable epic masterpiece.

He studied his Thomas Mann and his Joseph stories very well—he later became the editor of " Selections from Thomas Mann " (Macmillan, London) and an interpreter of his works to English readers. To develop one's style and approach to a biblical theme as the disciple of such a master, and yet to keep one's originality and to hold one's own, is a great achievement. Walter wrote his novel about ten years ago and published it in Holland, where it was confiscated under the Nazis. I t is not likely tha t he knew James Bridie's play " Tobias and the Angel " then. But readers in this country will naturally compare it with the late Scottish dramatist 's work, and Friedrich Walter has to compete with it. However, in this comparison he scores very well, too.

The story of the apocrypha has from beginning to end the character of a fairy tale ; in spite of danger and death, the atmosphere is such that we can have no doubts about a happy ending. The burial of the dead, the defiance of Man for the sake of God, a theme for a whole tragedy in Sophocles' " Antigone," is just an episode. Although the good suffer and the wicked seem to triumph, it never rises to Job's indictment of God. The story of Tobias is the Jewish version of the religion of Acceptance—hence its great appeal throughout the ages. What comfort Max Liebermann derived from it, giving the last of his wisdom in his Tobias paintings.

Walter, with his fine intuition, does not touch the character of the story. He adds some oriental colour, but as he does not wish to divert us from the essence of the story, he aptly uses water-colours. And just as delicately the author outlines the

relationship of the old story to our times. The rise of the upstart Sargon, the position of adviser to a king held by Tobias' father under Sargon's pre­decessor, the losing of his soul to which Raguel's assimilation leads, caused by his lack of character and by his exclusively utilitarian motives, finally the oppression of a minority and the hopes of those amongst them who act in the belief that they are not meant, whereas in fact a collective responsibility exists, all this has a familiar ring to us. And the characters speak a modern idiom.

I t is in times of stress that the human heart has to prove itself worthy of the creator. Tobias', the father's, faith is never shaken. His wife, brave in her earthly struggle, but not sharing his firm belief in hardship and misfortune, adds to his discomfort in his blindness. Raguel's wife, a selfish fashionable lady, develops the better part of herself when her daughter is in distress. Father Tobias has instilled the true love of God in Raguel's daughter. I t is for this that the pagan suitors chosen by her father become repugnant to her. She is prepared for her redemption through Tobias the Younger.

Everything in Walter's story is on the human plain. Yet its title is : Journey with the Angel. In him the father's religious faith turns out a divine blessing. He does not lose himself in doubtful company. I t is he to whom the angel Rafael appears. And when he produces a t Raguel's his skill as a " Pojaz," the angel cannot help joining him. He is not the good natured, but boorish simpleton of Bridie's play, a Parsifal whose Gurnemanz the archangel must be. To be sure, Rafael is not only Tobias's guardian angel, but his mentor as well. Bridie's scene i faire is when Raguel's daughter confesses her love to Rafael after realising that she loved him in Tobias' frame, and the angel must refuse : he is not allowed to love a mortal. In Walter's novel it is young Tobias through whom the angel grows fond of the mortals and it is hard for him to leave them. The Human and the Divine meet.

LAW and LIFE Legal Advice Hours (forpersons with limited means only): Sunday 11 a.m.- l 2 noon by appointment.

POWER OF ATTORNEY You may stay abroad on business for a long

period, or you may be advised by your doctor to take a complete rest without bothering about your affairs. You will have to keep away from your daily 1;asks, but still want to put up the sign, " Business as usual." You can only achieve this aim b y finding somebody who will deal with your affairs on your behalf. I t is not sufficient that you have complete confidence in the capability and hone.sty of your representative, you must also enable him to deal with your affairs in a legal way, protecting yourself, him and the persons he has to • deal with on your behalf. For this purpose the la.w has created the Power of Attorney.

A document called the " Power of Attorney " contains the appointment of a person called the Attorney or Donee who is invested with power generally or in a specified manner on behalf of the person who gives the power, called the Donor. The purpose of this document is to enable the . \ t torney to prove to a third party his rights to act on behalf of the Donor.

In drawing up such a document, the Donor must always keep in mind that the Courts will interpret it in the strictest possible way, and not widen the meaning of the wording. In order to assist the public a number of printed forms of Power of . \ t torney are available, but if the meaning or the wording in such forms should not appear quite appropriate to the case in question, or not absolutely clear it would be foolish not to consult a solicitor and have him draw up the document.

As indicated before it is essential tha t it strictly outlines and limits the power conveyed to the . \ t tomey, that it is dated, signed, witnessed (in certain cases two witnesses are necessary) and stamped. When the Power of Attr)rney is dealing with land, or when the Donor extends his power for the time he is staying abroad for more than a

month, the document has to be filed in the Central Office of the High Court of Justice. Even in cases where such filing is not laid down by law it is optional and advisable when the Attorney has to deal with a number of parties to whom he has to prove his authority. 'The Central Office at any time will provide as many certified copies as requested and these are accepted as full proof of the Power of Attorney.

The Law imposes certain duties on the Attorney, the violation of which makes him liable to the donor or to the persons he is dealing with, and even may involve him in criminal proceedings. The Attorney must not exceed his authority, he must apply care, skill and diligence, but a different measure of liability is applied whether he performs his duties for remuneration or not. He has to disclose to the Donor any conflict arising out of his dealings with the Donor's business, he has to keep proper accounts, he is not allowed to delegate the powers vested in him and must not use his know-ledre of the Donor's affairs for his own benefit.

' ihe relation between Donor and Donee comes to an end either as foreseen in the document itself or by an act of either party or by circumstances beyond their control. Obviously it ceases when a term stated in the document has expired or when the specific transaction for which the power has been made out has been concluded. Where the document itself does not determine its end the power can be terminated by either side by revocation. Circum­stances beyond the control of the parties are for the Donor : Death, insanity, bankruptcy ; for the Donee : Death and insanity only.

Third persons are protected after the termination of the power if they can show tha t in good faith they still believed the power to be in existence. I t is therefore essential to notify the business associates concerned of the ending of the Power of Attorney.

Mature readers will enjoy the rich human exf* ence the author reveals in his book. But, above' one wishes him many readers among the yoo"! AjR this book is a suitable present for Barmizvai Q ^ similar opportunities. "There is a gentle huH'of jj^^ and a special charm in the way the old story,Berlir Tobias is told anew, retold with a purity ol k SIJQ, heart which is rare nowadays. RembraB"Cialins famous picture is conjured up, and one cOjKajji ' imagine that Tobias' angel guided Friedi*}\ir. p Walter's pen. 'mpre

, -'and J,

C O N F E R E N C E OF P R O G R E S S I V E ' Gen J U D A I S M „''estiti

An international audience of delegates mariUews the 25th Anniversary Conference of the W^ssets Union for Progressive Judaism. The subject of fit the Conference which took place in London during ]'t>enefi was " The Present Contribution of JudaisiO help i Civilisation." The Conference, which was divwtheir into various sessions, conveyed a clear picture a'Counc the att i tude and substance of Progressive Juda'*'Who,

Before a very large gathering of delegates *associ visitors to the Conference, Rabbi Dr. Leo B^jexpre. gave his Presidential Address, in which he st*iello\y with deep feelings of gratitude that " in spiW^nshi all " historical events, the World Union ''-"erlii] survived to see its 25th anniversary. " In spi" all," Jewry was alive to-day, ready and eagef honour its spiritual heritage and traditions, an" -y-, contribute in its own Jewish way to the civiUsa' by j-u of mankind. on j ^ ,

Professor Martin Buber, as delegate from Is''bQoijK spoke on " Judaism and Civilisation." He g*** I'urtj, most elaborate analysis of the essence of Jud* and v and explained its specific role within the struC«pot.]^ of world civilisation. Professor Buber spoke of' sittijj, fundamental values which Judaism had contribo j ^ ^ to Christianity. Without the message of ' Empi, Prophets no civilisation in the world could ' line is In the ensuing discussion both Dr. Baeck 'n \\,fj Professor Buber most convincingly stressed the Ro^^ that wherever Jews attempted to live a Jewish ' they were " on their way to bring about j)j^. realisation of the Messianic world." . (furnij

A most interesting message by the FYench w Jjj^ Edmund Fleg on the subject of " Religious Ei^honjg tion as a Basis of Civilisation " opened the se^ jjij Public Session of the Conference. One of (tllness lecturers who spoke about this subject, Dr-Jsupg^. (Haifa), described the work of the Leo Baeck Scl' \\;J|, where children were educated in the spirit of a* IVl j Biblical humanism. L. • Part-t^

PERSONALIA i^ , M r . Guenter H. Tre i t e l , of Magdalen Coljltieetji

Oxford, has passed his B.C.L. (Bachelor of 2'''^*«« Law) with first-class honours, and has " appointed Assistant Lecturer a t the London S< \^ of Economics and Political Science of the Lo" University. AX^X)

Mr. Treitel is the son of the former Berlin la* *»• Dr. Theodor Treitel, who now lives in LondoO'

T h e Rev . H e n r y C a r t e r , C.B.E., died in L O O ' T ^ J , at the age of 76. He was the Chairman "f THj. Executive Committee of the Council of Chris'* and Jews and took a leading part in the wot" ^ behalf of Nazi persecutees. ?(^

N E W C O O K E R Y B O O K Jr,'**''' ! In the introduction to her newly published Jinqyjj

edition of her Cookery Book (Jewish ChrCibe ^^^ price 15s.) the authoress, Florence Greenberg'j'^ulcj^ j presses the hope that the book " will help to *| ^ many of the housewife's problems and to ^ '-— real need." j

Indeed, we find in the book not only a % variety of dishes generally in use to-day as vf* the traditional and Continental dishes, but, , 6n alia, also Terms,'

sections about Food Value

Cookery Methods , and Menu Build'*

Useful Hints and General Information," " StfJ of Food," " Invalid Cookery." The novice aS . as the experienced cook will find the book ., useful ; it takes the present food situation . account, bringing recipes for rich and for Y dishes. ^

For technical reasons AJR Information

•o the next issue ^ ill appear with abo^

one week's delay. Readers are asked accept the Editor's apologies for this unavo'^' able arrangement.

.0^"

>>»»,

5k ,

, ^ £ 5 _ J 2 £ 2 ^ ^ ^ ' r ' 0 ' ^ A u g u s t , 1951

a exp* bove»

; / l f A J R R E C E P T I O N F O R

AJR AT WORK B E R L I N G U E S T S

huiu'of th " ' ^ ^^' "^embers of t h e E x e c u t i v e a n d B o a r d story B 1- *'^J^ held a r e c e p t i o n in h o n o u r of l ead ing ;; of 'a h ' " c o m m u n a l w o r k e r s w h o were in L o n d o n on brao*Gal 1 •"^'^'*' ^'^- ^ - R e i c h m a n n we lcomed Mr . H . le c(*l( V!K^ (Cha i rman of t h e " J u e d i s c h e G e m e i n d e " ) , ^ r ied%r H '^'" ^ ' ^ ^ ' ^ ' " s o n , Mrs . J e a n e t t e Wolff a n d

j • .-•^- Tworoge r . Mr. Ga l insk i g a v e a brief - 'ann'^?^^'^^ ou tUne of t h e p r e s e n t s i t u a t i o n in Ber l in

r v F ' r ^^"^"^'bed t h e manifold social i n s t i t u t i o n s of t h e

rest>'^'^'"'^'^'" ^"^ ^ ' ^ ° *^''^" ^ ' ^ ' ^ q u e s t i o n s of iitMp 'i*- '° ' ' a n d indemni f i ca t ion . M a n y e m i g r a t e d

" \ \ ' a s 7 t K "^ ^**'"l'n h a d a l r e a d y o b t a i n e d s u b s t a n t i a l f'it th • ^ ^^^y ° ' r e s t i t u t i o n ; t h e y shou ld cons ider

" ' ' hen fi'/f""""^' d u t y t o le t t h e i r fo rmer c o m m u n i t y liel ^ torn t h e r e c o v e r v of t h e s e a s se t s a n d shou ld tl ? t ° ease t h e b u r d e n of t h e " G e m e i n d e " b y

"p aiCon ".""^'^ 'ons. On behal f of t h e A J R a n d of t h e hidaS'who °f J e w s f rom G e r m a n y D r . W . Bres l aue r , t s »as=;n' • P'^'°' ' t o h i s e m i g r a t i o n , h a d been closely

RaiexT^r'^^'^'^ "^^^^ t h e " G e m e i n d e " for m a n y yea r s , " fello ^ " ^ ^^^ t h a n k s t o Mr. Gal insk i a n d his

..jjj j!^ '^ '°rkers a n d s t ressed t h e s t r o n g feelings of i)„ . . ' P b e t w e e n J e w s from Ber l in a n d t h e p r e s e n t

and i j j A . JR E M P L O Y M E N T A G E N C Y -^JR E m p l o y m e n t Agency ( a n n u a l l v l icensed L-C.C) , T e l e p h o n e : M A I d a Vale 4449, h a s

n Isn bookk °^^ '• S h o r t h a n d t y p i s t s , c o p y t y p i s t s , ; ga^'l 'yrt . ^^Pers, n e e d l e w o m e n a n d h o m e w o r k e r s . J u d * and ^'^"'"'"e t h e r e a r e a n u m b e r of e lder ly m e n itruc* poeWpI^"^^" ' ' 'ho would be p leased t o e a r n s o m e ce of'sittin . ' " ° "ey b y d o i n g o d d jobs , such as s h o p p i n g , tribi ' In ^'^^' ^^ 'ephone recep t ion , e t c .

°^ Emnl ''^^^ ' i iqu i re r s should n o t ge t ho ld of t h e j ld ^ line i °^ " l e n t . \ g e n c y ove r t h e ' p h o n e because t h e ; ck • i n w r l K ^ ^ ^ S ' ^ ' l ' t h e y a r e c t b e j l C ; " ^ ( a d d r e s s : 8 F

•"i. London, N . W . 3 ) . Ijj , H a r d s h i p C a s e s

.(forn; , ' ' "Tian, w a n t s l ight h W ^ E u / r a t h e r c u t t e r ) , i Ed^ home ^ ™^" ' skilful, w a n t s f ac to ry w o r k or 5 se» Eld^^f"^''' ^^en p a r t - t i m e or t e m p o r a r y .

of t Illness ' " ' a n , forced t o c h a n g e t o o t h e r w o r k af te r Dr . fsuper ' • ^^"*^s a p o s t a s s to rekeepe r , m a n a g e r ,

C oC" .Vidn -jf a ' Marr^*' ^^^^ ^°*'- he r h u s b a n d , w a n t s finisher j o b .

L. • Part f '^'^ '"'Oman, h u s b a n d p e r m a n e n t l y ill, w a n t s '"^e c o m p a n i o n j o b .

1^ A J R F R I E N D S H I P C L U B 'Heetin '^^ of t h e h o l i d a y per iod t h e r e will be no . — ' "gs in AuiTii.;t

'''''^.'^^^^•c.S

E X T E N S I O N O F A J R M A N C H E S T E R H O M E

T h a n k s t o t h e gene ros i t y of a n a n o n y m o u s m e m b e r , t h e A J R M a n c h e s t e r B r a n c h was in t h e h a p p y pos i t ion of o p e n i n g a second house a s an a d d i t i o n t o t h e Old Age H o m e w h i c h h a s b e e n r u n for some t i m e p a s t a t . - \merhers t R o a d , Fallow-Field , M a n c h e s t e r .

A fes t ival c rowd of i n v i t e d g u e s t s a s sembled on S u n d a y morn ing , J u l y 15, t o a t t e n d t h e formal open ing . After add re s se s g iven b y t h e C h a i r m a n , Mr . B . Bochenek , a n d t h e Vice -Cha i rman , D r . L. K. S o n n e b o r n , t h e R e v . Dr . C a r l e b a c h c o n d u c t e d a sho r t re l igious serv ice a n d dec la red t h e H o m e officially o p e n e d . T h e H o m e h a s been n a m e d " Morr i s F e i n m a n n H o u s e , " in m e m o r y of t h e l a t e C h a i r m a n of t h e M a n c h e s t e r J e w i s h Refugees C o m m i t t e e .

L o n d o n H e a d q u a r t e r s were r e p r e s e n t e d b y Mr . H . J . Fe is t , m e m b e r of t h e . \ J R E x e c u t i v e , w h o conveyed his c o n g r a t u l a t i o n s and bes t wishes on behalf of t h e A J R .

I n t h e a f t e rnoon t h e m e m b e r s of t h e b r a n c h ce l eb ra t ed t h e occas ion a t a t e a - p a r t y in t h e well-laid g a r d e n of t h e p r emise s .

T h e M a n c h e s t e r G r o u p dese rves e v e r y p r a i s e for h a v i n g bu i l t u p a h o m e w h e r e peop le of o u r specific b a c k g r o u n d m a y l ive in a congenia l h a p p y a t m o ­s p h e r e . M a y t h e energe t ic a n d selfless w o r k of t h e fr iends in Mancl ies te r insp i re m e m b e r s a t o t h e r p laces t o m a k e t h e o p e n i n g of s imi la r h o m e s poss ib le .

i sb ' o u t '

a s k e d t o c o n t a c t t h e office a i r fax Mans ions , F i n c h l e y

unski l led w o r k

A C H I E V E M E N T S O F R E F U G E E S As a l r e a d y m e n t i o n e d in t h e p rev ious issue of

" . \ J R I n f o r m a t i o n , " t h e .AJR is p r e p a r i n g a Jub i l ee issue t o m a r k t h e t e n t h a n n i v e r s a r y of t h e o r g a n i s a t i o n . T h e pub l i ca t i on is t o deal w i t h a c h i e v e m e n t s of refugees in t h e scientific, a r t i s t i c a n d economic field. R e a d e r s a re r e m i n d e d t h a t t h e submiss ion of a n y m a t e r i a l wh ich t h e y cons ide r as n o t e w o r t l i y would b e g r e a t l y a p p r e c i a t e d .

A u g u s t .

7 0 t h A N N I V E R S A R Y O F F . W . V . More t h a n 70 former m e m b e r s of t h e F . W . V .

( B u n d Fre ie r Wissenschaf t l i cher "Vereinigungen) a n d t h e i r famil ies a t t e n d e d a d i n n e r wh ich was held in t h e p r e m i s e s of t h e E x - S e r v i c e (N.B.) Associa t ion , L o n d o n , t o c e l e b r a t e t h e 70 th A n n i v e r ­s a r y of t h e i r S t u d e n t s F r a t e r n i t y . T h e m e e t i n g w a s a d d r e s s e d b y D r . Kos t e r l i t z a n d D r . M. . \ u e r b a c h . G r e e t i n g s f rom m e m b e r s al l o v e r t h e wor ld were r e a d . D r . E . Gould ( former ly E r i c h Goldberg) , a Boa rd M e m b e r of tlio . \ J R , p re s ided .

P a g e 7

A J R I N T H E P R O V I N C E S Vis i t s t o t h e local b r a n c h e s in t h e P rov inces a re

a l w a y s a s t i m u l a t i n g exper i ence li]r a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e of A J R H e a d q u a r t e r s . T h i s was confirmed again r e c e n t l y on tlic- occasion of j o u r n e y s t o Glasgow a n d L e e d s . T h e r e is a l w a y s t h e d a n g e r of seeing t h i n g s in t h e w r o n g p e r s p e c t i v e if one on ly relies on wTit ten c o r r e s p o n d e n c e .

I t h a s been one of t h e a c h i e v e m e n t s of t h e . \ J R t h a t i t h a s bu i l t u p a n a t i o n - w i d e o rgan i sa t ion w i t h se l f -conta ined g r o u p s in t h o s e t o w n s in which t h e r e was a sufficient n u m b e r of local m e m b e r s . I t was on ly t o b e e x p e c t e d t h a t t h e c h a r a c t e r of t h e s e local ac t i v i t i e s would u n d e r g o c h a n g e s af te r t h e end of t h e war . . \ t some places , especial ly a t former e v a c u a t i o n cen t r e s , r e t u r n t o L o n d o n a n d re -e m i g r a t i o n h a v e r educed t h e n u m b e r of m e m b e r s t o s u c h an e x t e n t t h a t it p r o v e d h a r d l y poss ib le t o m a i n t a i n t h e local g r o u p life. . \ t t h o s e p laces m e m b e r s k e p t t h e i r c o n t a c t s w i t h t h e . \ J R in L o n d o n , b u t t h e a r r a n g e m e n t s of local mee t ings was n o t poss ib le a n y longer . T h e r e a re , however , o t h e r p laces a t which , in a d d i t i o n t o s u p p o r t i n g t h e genera l w o r k of t h e -A^JR, m e m b e r s m a i n t a i n a n a c t i v e g r o u p life in t h e loca l i ty a n d w h e r e the.'^J R is t h e local refugee c o m m u n i t y . T h i s is m a i n l y d u e t o t h e d e v o t e d serv ices of men a n d w o m e n , who as C o m m i t t e e m e m b e r s u n d e r t a k e t h e t i r e s o m e a n d n o t a l w a y s g ra t i fy ing work on t h e spo t .

T h e p r o g r a m m e s of local ac t iv i t i e s v a r y from p lace t o p l ace . Some g roups a r r a n g e m e e t i n g s w i t h l ec tu res a n d t a lks , whe rea s a t o t h e r p laces social w o r k s t a n d s m o r e in t h e fo reground . I t is v e r y p l e a s a n t t o wi tness t h e cordia l pe r sona l r e l a t i o n s h i p b e t w e e n m e m b e r s in t h e med ium-s i zed t o w n s , w h e r e t h e i n d i v i d u a l does n o t s ink i n to a n o n y m i t y , a s h e is b o u n d t o d o in L o n d o n , i t is p a r t i c u l a r l y g ra t i fy ing t o sense t h e s t r o n g feeling of so l ida r i ty a m o n g s t t l iose w h o h a v e been ab l e t o bui ld u p t h e i r l ives anew, b u t who cons ider i t one of t h e i r foremost d u t i e s to p r o v i d e a home ly a t m o s p h e r e for t h e i r less f o r t u n a t e , m a i n l y e lder ly fellow refugees .

T h e r e h a s a lso been a n o t h e r v e r y i n t e r e s t i ng expe r i ence . I n t h e eyes of m a n y local g r o u p m e m b e r s t h e A J R is no t on ly t h e o r g a n i s a t i o n wh ich sa feguards t h e r i g h t s of t h e C o m m u n i t y in legal a n d social q u e s t i o n s . I n t h e i r concep t ion t h e t a s k s of t h e .VJR go b e y o n d t h e s e necessary , b u t u t i l i t a r i a n ob jec t s . F o r t h e m t h e A J R s t a n d s for t h e va lues of C o n t i n e n t a l J e w r y in t h i s c o u n t r y , anil t h e y wish t o see t h e A J R a s t h e focus of all t h o s e specific qua l i t i e s a n d t r e n d s wh ich h a v e once a n d for all left t h e i r m a r k on a C o m m u n i t y whose fa te is u n i q u e .

I t m i g h t well be w o r t h whi le if f r iends in t h e P r o v i n c e s as well a s in L o n d o n g a v e s o m e t h o u g h t t o t h i s concep t ion a n d c o n t r i b u t e d to a d e b a t e on i t .

W . R.

1 ^^'

Lofl'

1 la« rlon

invite. THE HYPHEN

irist" Ivor"

s members and their friends Jj^j to a lecture by

* - HANS LIEBESCHUETZ The University, Liverpool

' l l E CT. °^ 1 ' H E t T ? , ' ^ ^ ' ^ O P H I S T O R Y A N D

U N D E R S T A N D I N G O F T H E S-VTt P R E S E N T '^IOB H " '^Y, Ist SEPT., 7.30 p.m. a t

Men,K """e- *? Eton Avenue, N.W. 3 « « r e ^ S " W . Friends 1/-"qui • "•* available on the premises

'•e addr^^*'^"" ' Hyphen activities should 'uld Fl ^^'^ t ° H o n . S e c , Miss M a r g o t

• ' « ' A , " 2 Exeter R o a d , N . W . 2, enclosing s.a.e.

J. A. C j t , '• Dds ' lildi"

StoC

okf

bo" ' '

,-0H'

B R O A D H U R S T HALL. * ^ ^ ? P * ' T GARDENS, N.W. »

lovblnd John B a m » ) ° P « i Daily from 3-13 p.m.

*eas. Dinners and . late Suppers

'^•» t i l i S ' ^ " * " ° « - Tea Garden ' • - ~ O'™ Vlennaaa P a t i n a r i e

"y ^ d l a U g i j t : Saturday aad Sunday ^ v a n l n a

' ' * » I N o « * ' t S S ; HALL for 5 ; £ * * * T I O N 8 , CONCERTB,

* k « ^ . ^ " " M r i N G S , Etc. ^ Z ^ and » . . ^ . ^ , ^ ^ ^ _ j j ^ , ^ ,

LONDON O.R.T. CENTRE

EVENING COURSES

New t e rm s tar ts 3rd SEPTEMBER

Courses in production

of LADIES' GARMENTS

MEN'S SHIRTS STOCK SIZE BLOUSES

A P P L Y A T O N C E .

C o u r s e s a r e f r e e of c h a r g e

Details from

102 Belsize Lane, N.W. 3

"ASHDALE GUESTHOUSE" 23, BEAULIEU ROAD

Deadline for

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A U G U S T 20th

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Brighton 277231 A VERY REASONABLE

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M. G. STREAT 30, Dennington Park Road,

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REASONABLE PRICES DECORATING, PAINTING. P A P E R H A N G I N G & SIGNWRITING, REMOVING A N D F I X I N G OF

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work taken on Phone : H A M 1541

• BE WELL INFORMED ON GERMAN AFFAIRS

DIE CECENWART • (edited by former Frankfurter Zeitung editors) •k GERMANY'S LEADING POLITICAL ^ AND LITERARY FORTNIGHTLY

. i . For free copy write : Emgee Foreign Publications " 33 Dartmouth Paric Avenue, N.W.S

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AJR RELIEF DEPARTMENT (Sponsored by the Central British Fund for Jewish Relief and Rehabilitation)

33, Compa/ne Gardens, London. N.W.6

(Finchley Rotd Tube Station) Contignments thould be dispatched to

thit address and n o t to 8 Fairfax Mansions

W a n M d B A B I E S ' and C H I L D R E N ' S W E A R

Men ' s Sui ts and U n d e r w e a r , T o y s a n d G a m e s if c o m p l e t e

Any Donations of large CASES or TRUNKS to pack our consignments to Israel

would be greatly appreciated

Telephone t MAIDA VALE 7997

SFACM DOSATMD BY t. W. « O. HALLSAKTBH

WISM u d tplfiti Impnttn * Kmpftft

1 CRVTCKSO F U A M , LaMnoK, E.C.3

Page 8 AJR INFORMATION August ,

L. SCHEIBE foam. PalaUnnoobal & IbUatuaiabrIk, Barku

U P H O L S T E R Y Rt'upholstery and Re-coter of all kindt of Furniture and Mattresses

Loose Covers, Curtains, etc. 1* Uaka M., N.W 2. Tal.: OLA 7*08

' New Look * Children' Footweai

i_^fHAU RUBBER GOODS

EMSA-WORKS & HERBERT FOOT APPLIANCE LTD. BLACKBURN. Lano.

M. GLASER PRACTICAL UPHOLSTERER

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WILL B E DONE TO VOUR SATISFACTION —

t>hona HAM|<8t«ad 5601 or caU at *H PINCMLEY Rj) (Child's HIP) N W.:i

A. O T T E N F.B.O.A. (Honsj. OPHTHALMIC OPTICIAN

Tel: 118, FINCHLEYROAD HAM 8336 OPPOSITE JOHN BARNES

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m CONCentRATED UQUID EXTRAjI^ LOF PORE VEGETABLE ORICIH,

for the preparation of

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ESSENTIAL FOR FIRST CLASS

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exceOent pr in lmg done

with, the best Se rvJCC

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H. I. WALL, Phone: EDG 3450

R. BANDMAN enBlNETMHKER

Furniture made to design Repairs done at your house

3 4 2, K I L B U R N L A N E , W.9 Tal.: LAD 3198

JEWISH BOOKS of any k ind Ask for my new interesting

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M. SULZBACHER 4 Sneath Avenue, Golders Green, Londen, N.W.II Tal.- SPE l()4

I N D U S T R I A L P H O T O G R A P H Y

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Phona SPEadwall 5«43

M. FISCHLER CONTINENTAL UPHOLSTERY

FIRST CLASS WOKEMANIHIP ANO » S T

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A. BR2UER TIPEWRiTiiilS

57 Fairfax Road, N.W.6

MAI 1271 HEW STANDARD * PORTABLES In Stock

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188 CAMBRIDGE ROAD. N .W.6 Tel : MAI 8910

B A R N E T T ' S K O S H E R C H I C K E N in I lb. tins

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Telephone: MAN 2911

H E I R S Possibly you have willed your property

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If you are contemplating that alter-

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K.K.L EXECUTOR & TRUSTEE CO. LTD. 199 PICCADILLY, LONDON, W.l. REG. 7676

Guatav Z.u.l.er EUECTR. ENGINEER & CONTRACTOR

All kinds of

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IMMERSION HEATERS, FLUORESCENT LIGHTING,

at very reasonable prices 62 Review Rd., N.W. 2. Tel. GLAdstone 1507

ZENITH TAILOll SERVICE LIMITEl

SUITS and COSTUMES made to measure by first class Tailors in our owfl workroom.

S H O P Sias noi;%^

b e e n opene< at

172 FINCHLEY ROA^ LONDON, N.W.S ( "g*?* (between Finchlev Rd. UnJergrf>u''

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Ha

KARL ARBEITEl BUHLDER aed DECOKAIOM

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Tel. : CUM. 7605

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Perso,

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All Typei of Insurance* with Lloydf and ail Comp«nia*

Printed by LANGLEY & SONS LTD.. Euiton BuDdiog., London N.W.I