Volume crystals for extremely high radiation level...• Crystal growing/ceramics>Polishing>Coating...

Volume crystals for extremely

high radiation level

A. Beitlerovab, J. Houzvickaa, M. Kleicha, M. Nikl b,

J. Polaka, Silvia Ochesanua

aCRYTUR, spol. s r.o. Palackeho 175 511 01 Turnov Czech Republic bInstitute of Physics AS CR, 16253 Prague, Czech Republic

Outline

• History

• Company portfolio

• Crystal growing

• Selected results

• Material development

• Summary

Calor2016, 15-20 May 2016 , EXCO in Daegu, Republic of Korea

CRYTUR spol. s.r.o.

Czech Republic


CRYTUR spol. s.r.o.

1952 - 1966 1998 – today 1943 - 1952 1992 - 1995 1966 - 1992 1995 – 1998

70 years of crystal growing

and processing


Research Institute

for Gems Research Institute

for Minerals Monokrystaly

• 130 employees

• ISO 9001:2009 certified

• Advanced customer audits

• SME status

CRYTUR Experienced supplier


• Scintillators (20%),

• Detection units for electron microscopy (40%)

• Lasers (20%)

• Coating (5%)

• Sapphire (5%)

• Precision optics (10%)

CRYTUR spol. s.r.o

Production portfolio


CRYTUR PHILOSOPHY

Our own unique material processed in several following technologically

advanced steps to complex product with the support of the strong R&D

team, with the quality assurance over the complete supply chain.

• Crystal growing/ceramics>Polishing>Coating

• Strong R&D, incl. construction, design of optics

and electronics

• High precision 3D shape manufacturing of any

material > Clean Room Assembly

• Sophisticated quality control and certification

• Complete supply change control


Scintillation materials

• Heavy scintillators (LuAG:Ce, LuAP:Ce, LuAG:Pr, PWO)

• „Radiation hard“ scintillator (YAG:Ce)

• High temperature scintillators (YAP:Ce, LuAG:Pr)

• Other scintillators (CRY18, CRY19, silicates, etc.)


CRIG Crystal Growth Method

CRystal Improved Growth • New equipment for very YAG/YAP

• 6 l crucibles

• Czochralski process modification

Tungsten(W) crucible

Hydrogen atmosphere

Inside configuration

• Homogeneous temperature distribution

• Low internal stress = excellent quality

• Stable and flat growth front


Different to Czochralski growth – crystals not

taken out of crucible

CRYSTAL GROWTH

Probably the world largest YAG stress-free crystals

EU Patent No. EP 2675944

Parameters:

Diameter up to 6 inch

Weigth up to 14 kg

Stress-free core


High quality material

No stress, no inclusions

slice (polished) under crossed polarizers


YAG (Y3Al5O12) :Ce

= yttrium aluminium garnet

“Radiation hard material”

H2020 INTELUM project (Development of advanced scintillating fibres

and Cerenkov fibers for new hadron and jet calorimeters for future

colliders, 2015-2019);


LnAG:Ce (Ln=Lu,Y)

Samples for irradiation

LuAG:Ce and YAG:Ce cubic samples of 10 x 10 x 10 mm3,

polished on two parallel faces.


Ce:YAG – gamma irradiation Measurement performed at CERN

Radiation Tolerance of LuAG:Ce and YAG:Ce Crystals under High Levels of Gamma- and Proton-

Irradiation – SCINT publication M. Lucchini, K. Pauwels, K. Blazek, S. Ochesanu and E. Auffray


Ce:YAG proton irradiation Measurement performed at CERN

Radiation Tolerance of LuAG:Ce and YAG:Ce Crystals under High Levels of Gamma- and Proton-

Irradiation – SCINT publication M. Lucchini, K. Pauwels, K. Blazek, S. Ochesanu and E. Auffray


LuAG:Ce fiber detector

• 2 x 2 array of modules have been tested

• Each module : 13 x 13 x 100 mm3

• Readout with bialkali PMT (+ light guide)

• Tagged photon beam from 56 to 766 MeV@MAMI(Mainz)

Courtesy Prof. R. W. Novotny,

Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, II. Physikalisches Institut


Co - doping

1)Ca2+ , Mg2+ recently used – possible, but not preferred by our technology

• These ions do not participate in the scintillation process itself, they stabilize

part of Ce ions in 4+ charge state => suppressing the slower components in the

scintillation response which originate in the transport stage of scintillation

mechanism (Nikl et al, Crystal Growth&Design 14, 4827 (2014))

2) Lanthanoids (Nd, Sm, Eu,Tb,Dy, Ho …)

• These ions shorten the photoluminescence and scintillation response in its

main dominating component by energy transfer away from Ce3+ excited state

=> Light yield will be decrease in the same ratio like photoluminescence decay

time

First steps to improve

the decay time of YAG:Ce


Decreasing the scintillation decay

State of Art


Crystals grown with EFG method : dia. 5X1 mm

The main scintillation component

decrease from 77ns to 15-20 ns

but the second dopant introduce

a slow component due to its f-f

luminescence.

• Ongoing work

Czech Academy of Sciences

Czech Technical University (Faculty of Nuclear Science and Physical

Engineering )

Charles University – Faculty of Mathematics and Physics

Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, II. Physikalisches Institut

Synchrotron and accelerator facilities

(CERN, PSI, ANKA, SOLEIL, ESRF, Fermilab, BNL, PAL)

Contractual Research

Collaboration


Summary

CRYTUR has technology to grow large volume garnets

with unmatched process economics for mass production

with unmatched material quality

Reliable partner in scintillation crystals and integrated

solutions

Long-term international collaboration with academic

institutes


Thank you for your attention!

[email protected]

www.crytur.com


This work is part of the project RANUS –TD TE01020445, supported by

Technology Agency of Czech Republic.

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

BACKUP SLIDES


CRYSTAL growing

Czochralski method

• Crystal growing from the melt

• Focus on the best material properties

• Strictly controlled growing process


More crystals


ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

PORTFOLIO = from single crystals to complete detection units, including

electronics and mechanics

DEVELOPMENT TEAM in house

CUSTOMERS = all major players

CERTIFICATIONS = frequently as the key supplier


MULTIDETECTORS

Multidetector 50x50x10

Realizace CT tomografie

ISE – Pisa (Itálie), Preciosa

Crytur


YAG:Ce Proton calorimeter

30 X 30 X 100 mm

Array 2 X 7

YAG(Ce) calorimeter for

proton Computed

Tomography application

INFN Italy


IMAGING SYSTEMS ON

CRYSTALS

X-ray images with resolution even less than 1 micron!

High contrast even on low Z materials like carbon fibre/carbon resin

composites


IMAGING SYSTEMS ON

CRYSTALS


Imaging screens

In Frames On Substrates

Free-Standing • Optical homogeneity

• High light output

• High Radiation Hardness

• Long life-time

• Outstanding chemical

• Outstanding mechanical stability

• Coatings & lithography


• Laser rods primarily for medical and defence industries

• Specialty materials – YAP, YAG, LuAG, BaWO4, etc.

• Bonding, angles, …

Lasers


High reflectivity mirrors, anti-reflection coatings, partial

reflectivity mirrors, dichroic mirrors, beam splitters, graded

reflectivity laser mirrors, optical filters, coated IR optics, etc.

Coatings


Scintillators & Detectors

Neutron X-ray, gamma Alpha - pixelized

X-ray/electron imaging Electron detect.

Integrated solutions

34

TUBES, RODS

Ø 0,5 mm to 45 mm, length up to 2 m

Applications: Temperature measurement probes, ultra-high

pressure probes, high-temperature lightguides, ...

Sapphire profiles

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