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Volume InformationSource: Harvard Law Review, Vol. 12, No. 1 (Apr. 25, 1898), pp. i-xiiiPublished by: The Harvard Law Review AssociationStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1322243 .

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HA RVAR D

LAW R EV I EW

VOL. XII.

1898-99

CAMBRIDGE, MASS.

THE HARVARD LAW REVIEW PUBLISHING ASSOCIATION

I 899



Copyright, 1898, 1899, BY THE TRUSTEES OF THE HARVARD LAW REvIEW

THE UNIVERSITY PRESS, CAMBRIDGE, MASS, U. S. A.



TABLE OF CONITENTS.

ARTICLES.

PAGE

BICYCLE AND THE COMMON CARRIER, THE. Lee Max Friedman . . I9 CONSIDERATION, Two THEORIES OF. I. James BarrAmes . . . . . . 515 CONSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS OF ANNEXATION. Carman F. Randolph . . . . 291

CONSTITUTIONAL QUESTIONS INCIDENT TO THE ACQUISITION AND GOVERN-

MENT BY THE UNITED STATES OF ISLAND TERRITORY. Simeon E. Baldwin. 393 CONTRIBUTION BETWEEN PERSONS JOINTLY CHARGED FOR NEGLIGENCE

MERRYWEATHER V. NIXAN. Theodore W. Reath . . . . . . . . . . . I76 DISCOVERY UNDER THE JUDICATURE ACTS, I873, I875. PART III. C. C.

Langdell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I5 FOREIGN CORPORATIONS, JURISDICTION OVER. Edward Quinton Aeasbey . . I INTERSTATE CRIME AND INTERSTATE EXTRADITION. Wilbur Larremore . . 532

JOINDER OF CLAIMS UNDER ALTERNATE AMBIGUITIES. G. Rowland Alston. 45 KING'S JUSTICE IN THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES, THE. Sir Frederick Pollock,

Bart . 247 LAND TITLE, THE ELEMENT OF CHANCE IN. I. H. W. Chalin .24

LAW AND FACT. Jabez Fox . 545 LAW AND ITS LIMITATIONS, THE. G. Hay, . . . . . . . . . . . . I95 LAW IN SCIENCE AND SCIENCE IN LAW. Oliver Wendell Holmes. . . . . 443 LAW OF EVIDENCE, THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF THE. James Bradley

7Thayer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 LEGAL INTERPRETATION, THE THEORY OF. Oliver WendellHolmes . . 4I7

MANDATORY INJUNCTIONS. Jacob Klein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 MASSACHUSETTS AS A PHILANTHROPIC ROBBER. Charles Warren. . . . . 316

NEW DEFINITION OF A TORT, A PROPOSED. Frederick H. Cook . . . . . 335 OUR NEW POSSESSIONS. James Bradley Thayer . . . . . . . . . . . 464 OUR NEW TERRITORIES, THE STATUS OF. C. C. Langdell . .365 PATENT RIGHTS AND CoPY RIGHTS. C. C. Langdel . . . . . . . . . 553 PATENT RIGHTS, CONTRIBUTORY INFRINGEMENT OF. Odin B. Roberts . . . 35

"POWERS COUPLED WITH AN INTEREST." James Lowndes . . . . . . . 262 RAILWAY CONSOLIDATION ON THE INDIANA-ILLINOIS LINE. E. Parmalee

Prentice. ........................ . 486 UNFAIR COMPETITION BY THE DECEPTIVE USE OF ONE'S OWN NAME W.

L. Putnam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243



iv TABLE OF CONTENTS.

RECENT CASES. PAGH

ADMIRALTY. Jurisdiction; personal injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . 430 ADVERSE POSSESSION. See Property. AGENCY. Corporations; contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506

Hiring out servants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . . 137 Insurance policies; waiver of conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503 Master and servant; torts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431 Parties to a promissory note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I37 Respondeat Superior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I37 Unauthorized contract; ratification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279

BANKRUPTCY. Discharge; action by foreign corporation . . . . . . . . 434 Effect of National Act upon. State insolvency laws . . . . . . . . . 351 Voluntary assignments voidable by trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . 503

See also Corporations. BILLS AND NOTES. Alteration; estoppel by negligence . . . . . . . . . 6o

Payment ........ . ............ .. 566 Assignment; indorsement ..... .. . . .. . .. . .. 6o Checks; notice to drawee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2I3

Refusal of payment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6o Conditional delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6o Forged check; payment by drawee bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566 Forged indorsements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352 Fraud by drawer; payee's liability to drawee . . . . . . . . . . . 503 Infancy of maker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566 Overdue paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 Transfer; notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213, 352 Uncertainty in amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

BOUNDARIES. See Property. CARRIERS. Liability for assault by employ6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504

Location of station; jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 Right to discriminate against hackmen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 Stamp Act; regulation of charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504 Throwing packages from moving trains . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Wrong ticket; ejection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6I

CONFLICT OF LAWS. Marriage on high seas . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 Married women; change of domicile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 Non-resident; garnishment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW. Anti-trust Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352 Citizenship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Corporations; statute validating ultra vires contract . . . . . . . . . 214 Criminal liability; acts done under an unconstitutional statute . . . . . 352 Delegation of taxing power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 Eminent domain; additional servitude .... . . . . . . . . . . 138

Just compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505 Lease ......... ........... . 505

Ex postfacto laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 Foreign criminals; habeas corpus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567 Fourteenth Amendment; eight hour laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6I

State regulation of freight rates . . . . . . . . . . 139 Impairment of contracts; jurisdiction of Federal courts . . . . . . . 43



TABLE OF CONTE.VTS. v

RECENT CASES -Continued. PAGE

Inheritance tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

Interstate commerce; Anti-Trust Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352 Equal protection-of laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .431 Evidence .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6i

Presumption of innocence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Privileges and immunities of citizens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432 Right to jury trial in territories; ex postfacto law . . . . . . . . . . 21 5 Sidewalk ordinance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353, Taxation .... . . . . . . . . .. ..... . . .. . . 505

Foreign held mortgages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Patents .... . . . .353 Special assessments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432

Unreasonable searches and seizures ..505 See also Criminal Law.

CONTRACTS. Anticipatory breach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Assignment of wages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Assumption of mortgage debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Beneficiary . . ......... . 567 Compromise; consideration ........ .. ....... 354 Conditions; satisfaction of promisor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506 Consideration ............ . . ... 506

Valueless in part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432 Damages; restraint in transmission of telegram . . . . . . . . . . 432 Executors and devisees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354 Failure of consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567 Guarantee; death of guarantor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Restraint of trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Trust Act of I890 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Sheriff's bond; lynching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Statute of Frauds ; constructive trusts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5c6 Performance within a year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

Stranger to the consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Void conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432

CORPORATIONS. Bankruptcy; distribution of assets . . . . . . . . . . 567 Contracts ............ . . ... 506 Criminal law; contempt of court . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507 Federal jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 Railroad mortgages; foreclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2i6 Ultra vires. contracts; judgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567

COVENANTS. See Property. CRIMINAL LAW. Arrest of misdemeanants . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216

Arson .............. ... .. .... 433 Assault with intent to rape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216

Attempt to rape; presumption of incapacity . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 Comments on defendant's failure to testify . . . . . . . . . . . . 568 Compound ng a misdemeanor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 Constitutional law; absence of judge from jury room during trial . . . . 433 Constructive grand larceny . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Corporations; contempt of court . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507 Doctrine of estoppel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Embezzlement; jurisdiction ... . .... .......... 507



vi TABLE OF CONTENTS.

RECENT CASES -Continued. PAGR

Larceny; fixtures .354 Venue .433

Pleading. . .. . . . . 281

Provocation; mere words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568 Self-defence; burden of proof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Smuggling 8 68 Statutory offences requiring no intent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568 Stenographer in grand jury room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28I

View of premises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216

DAMAGES. Action for death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433 Conversion ................... 2I8

Master and servant; wrongful discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 Parent and child; prospective damages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

See also Conitracts. EQUITY. Assignment of a chose in action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Dead bodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Equitable mortgages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 Injunction to restrain breach of contract .141 Political parties; jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354 Priority; estoppel .63 Procedure; pleas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354

See also Trusts and Property. ESTOPPEL.- See Equity and Sales. EVIDENCE. - Burden of proof i directing verdict . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

Character; Civil suit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507, 568 Comparison of handwriting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282

Confessions .354 Construction of wills . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . 2I6

Credibility of witnesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434 Declaration of voter; hearsay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2I6

Joint crime; acquittal of one principal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282

Malice; testimony of party .569 Mental attitude; similar act showing scheme . . . . . . . . . . . 507 Personal injuries; examination by defendant's surgeon . . . . . . . . 507 Presumptions. 5o8 Trial of fact without a jury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Wills; declaration as to undue influence . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

EXECUTIONS. Garnishment of judgment debts . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 FEDERAL JURISDICTION. Corporations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 FIXTURES. See Property. GARNISHMENT. Rights under a contract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

See also Executions. GIFT OF NON-NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 5o8 INFANTS. See Persons. INNKEEPERS. See Property. INSOLVENCY. See Bankruptcy. INSURANCE. Accidental cause of death . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Assignment of policy; insurable interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569 Benefit associations; unilateral contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282

Construction of accident policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434 Life insurance; assignment; wagering policy , . . . . .217



TABLE OF CONTENTS. vii

RECENT CASES - Continued. PAGE

Marine insurance; spontaneous combustion. 142 Total loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

INTERNATIONAL LAW. Breach of blockade . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 LEGAL TENDER. Mutilated note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 LIBEI. See Torts. MARINE INSURANCE. See Insurance. MASTER AND SERVANT. Wrongful discharge; measure of damages . . 435 MORTGAGES. Railroad Mortgages; foreclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . 216

Subrogation; Statute of Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 See also E 'uity and Property.

MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS. Liability of negligence of servants . . . . . . 217

Officers defacto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 Public necessity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2I8

NUISANCES. See Property. PARTNERSHIP. Sharing profits as test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5o8 PERSONS. Divorce; attorney's fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Infant's contracts; recovery of consideration. . . . . . . . . . . .63 Infants; compromise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2I8 Married women; alienation of husband's affections . . . . . . . . . 142

Separate estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2I8 Parent's right to recover for injury to minor child . . . . . . . . . . 283

PLEADING. Statute of Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 PLEDGE. Negotiable paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '43 PROCEDURE. Habeas corpus; appeal ..... . ....... . . 509

Verdicts; separation of jury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 See also Equity.

PROPERTY, REAL AND PERSONAL. Animalsferae naturar . . . . . . . . 355 Accession; relative values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 Adverse holding; interruption of possession . . . . . . . . . . . . 569 Assignment of lease; covenants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569 Boundaries; houses . . . .. .570

Estoppel . . ......... 356 Cemeteries; trespass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 Chattel mortgages; consideration illegal in part . . . . . . . . . . 283

Rights of assignee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Uncertainty in description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504

Common law copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Injunction. .... .... 436

Conversion; chattel mortgages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Damages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

Conveyances in fraud of creditors; powers . . ... . . . . . . . . 283 Covenant in lease; Dumpor's case . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . 284 Covenants; equitable easements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356 Deeds; delivery; trusts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Easements; covenants running with land . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2I8

Revival . .. .... .. 356 Ejectment; muniicipal corporations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Reservation of title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 Equitable attachment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2I9

Equitable conversion; resulting trusts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Estoppel; right of way .. . . . . . . . 2I9



viii TABLE OF CONTENTS.

RECENT CASES Continued. PAGE

Exchange of lands .64 Fixtures ................... . 570

Conditional sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570

Mortgagor and mortgagee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Gifts mortis causa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356 Delivery .... 570

Gratuitous bailment; duty of care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571

Implied reservation of easements . . . . . . . 0 . . . . . . 63 Innkeeper's liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Loss of lien . . . . . . . . . . . a . a . . . . . . 571 Married women; separate estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2I8 Nuisance; abatement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Nominal damages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 Parol ante-nuptial agreement; Statute of Frauds . . . . . . . . . . 219

Powers.1........ 44

Prescription; eminent domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Highways ..... 357 Recording Acts; constructive trusts . . . . . . . . . . . a . . . 64 Religious societies; change of doctrine . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509 Replevin; attached property . . . . . . . . . 5 . . . . . . 510 Rule in Shelley's case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64- Separate use; restraints on alienation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Ways of necessity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436 Wills; construction of ambiguous clause .510

QUASI-CONTRACTS. Lease; assignment; liability of sub-lessee of assignee . 571

Mistake of Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357 Money paid for illegal purposes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436 Quantum meruit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Wilful breach of contract . . . . . . . . . . 284

RECEIVERSHIP. Equitable charge on income . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436 SALES. Bill of lading; passing of title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436

Contract of exchange; Statute of Frauds .65 Estoppel; conditional delivery. 65 Rescission by seller; tender of partial payment . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Stoppage in transitu; bonaafide purchaser . . . . . . . . . 437

STATUTE OF FRAUDS. Affirmative defence . . . . . . . 357 Contract of exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

See also Trusts. STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS. Injunction against pleading Statute .220

Pleading ..... 355 Suretyship .. .......... . 284

See also Trusts. SURETYSHIP. Disaffirmance by minor . . . . . . . 437

Nature of defences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 Rights of co-surety; subrogation. . . . . . . . . 284 Statute of Limitations . . . . . . . 284

TAXATION. See Constitutional Law. TORTS. Action for death; pleading .357

Cemeteries; trespass . . . . . . . . . , f 437 Conversion; chattel mortgages . . . . .... . . 66 Deceit; misrepresentation as to intention . . . . . . * 438



TABLE OF CONTENTS. ix

RECENT CASES- Continued. PAGE

Gratuitous bailment; duty of care .... . ..... . . . . . 571 Homicide; year and day rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

Imputed negligence; parent and child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357 Innkeeper's liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Interference with business; trade unions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 Invasion of privacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

Joint tort feasors; tender . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Landlord and tenant; overflowing cistern . . . . . . 285 Legal cause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 Libel per se . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . 144

Sufficiency of publication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 Lord Campbell's Act; jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 Malicious abuse of process; satisfaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Malicious interference with contracts; pleading . . . . . . . . . .285 Malicious prosecution of civil suit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .358 Negligence; intervention of third party . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

Landowner's liability to children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

Law and fact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571

Liability for false statements . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 221

Plaintiff's illegal act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '44 Obstruction of hydrant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Private action for public nuisance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358 Railroads; duty to trespasser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358 Slander; privilege. ..... . ..... 221

Wilful wrong; avoidable consequences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510 TRUSTS. Breach of trust; Wetmore v. Porter . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

Cestui barred by Statute of Limitations .. . . . . . . . . . 144 Collecting bank; following trust funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 572 Constructive trusts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505

Statute of Frauds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506 Dedication for public use; parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Deeds; delivery. . ..... ...... 43 Equitable assignments; notice to trustees... . .572 Equitable conversion; resulting trusts 143 Fraud by agent; Statute of Frauds . .438 Gift of a chose in action . . . .. . . . 67 Recording acts; constructive trusts ..64 Right to follow trust funds . . . . . . . .221

Special deposit . . . . . . . . .221 See also Contracts and Property.

WILLS. Construction of ambiguous clause..5IO

NOTES. ACCESSION OF PROPERTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 348 AGENCY. Respondeat superior; charitable institutions . . . . . . . . . I28

Revocation; death of principal . . . . . . . . 563 ALIEN PARENTS, CITIZENSHIP OF CHILDREN OF . . . . . 55 ANIMALS, FERJE NATURAE, PROPERTY IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346

b5



x TABLE OF CONTENTS.

NOTES - Continued. PAGE

ANOTHER -VIRGINIA COUPON CASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421 ANTI-SCALPER ACT, NEW YORK AND THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF THE . . . 342

ARREST OF MISDEMEANANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 ASSETS OF A DEFUNCT CORPORATION, THE. . . . . . . . . . . . . 558 AUCTION, SALES BY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 BANKRUJPTCY ACT, THE NATIONAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 BENEFICIARY OF A CONTRACT NOT A CESTUI-QUE-TRUST, THE . . . . . . 564 BENEFIT, THE RIGHT TO A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I30 BILLS AND NOTES. Forged indorsements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566

Pledge without transfer of possession . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 BLOCKADE, THE BREACH OF . . . . .. . . ... . 343 CHARACTER, EvIDENCE OF . . . . .500 CHARGES, MERGER OF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS AND THE RULE OF RESPONDEAT SUPERIOR . . . 128 CHILDREN, LIABILITY OF LANDOWNERS TO . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 CITIZENSHIP OF CHILDREN OF ALIEN PARENTS . . . . . . . . . . . 55 CITIZEN'S PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES, A . . . . .. . . .. . . 429 COLUMBIA LAW SCHOOL, REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION TO . . . . . . . 562 COMMON LAW COPYRIGHT . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .5. .. 5 CONSIDERATION IN COMPROMISES, THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 CONSIDERATION VALUELESS IN PART. . . . . . . . . . . 424 CONSTITUTIONAL LAW. Citizenship of children of alien parents . . . . . 5S

Deprivation of liberty; New York Anti-Scalper Act . . . . . .342 Deprivation of property; penalties for mob violence . . . . . . . . .565 Due process of law; Illinois-inheritance tax . . . . . . . . . . . .127

Nebraska freight rates . . . . . . . . . 50 Ex post facto laws; Virginia coupon case . . . . . . . . . . . . .421 Government of Territories and colonies . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 Interstate commerce; Trust Act of I890

Kansas City Live Stock Exchange case . . . . . . . . . . . . 378 Trans-Missouri freight decision; limitation of . . . . . . . . . .129

Mandamus to a Governor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

Privileges and immunities of citizens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429 Taxation; public purposes which justify . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499

CONSTRUCTIVE NOTICE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 CONSTRUCTIVE TRUSTS ..495 CONTEMPT OF COURT .. . .... ..... . . . . . . .. . . 427 CONTRACTS. Beneficiary, Rights of a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56o

Consideration in Compromises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 Consideration valueless in part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424 Impossibility as a defence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501 Injunction and specific performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131 Satisfaction as a condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496

CONVEYANCES IN CONSIDERATION OF SUPPORT . . . . . . . . . . . 559 CORPORATIONS. Defunct corporation; disposition of assets 558

Federal jurisdiction over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

Respondeat superior; charitable institutions . . . . . . . . . . . .I28 CRIMINAL LAW. Arrest of misdemeanants . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2II

Criminal negligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428 Estoppel 56 Jurisdiction of equity over crimes . . . . . . . .502



TABLE OF CONTENTS. xl


Larceny; venue and jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425 Mere words as provocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 562

CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428 CURIOSITIES OF REPORTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 DAMAGES FOR MISTAKES IN TELEGRAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423 DEATH OF PRINCIPAL, REVOCATION OF AGENCY BY . . . . . . . . . 563 DEFENCES OF A SURETY, THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426 DONATIO MORTIS CAUSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 DUMPOR'S CASE, THE RULE IN . . . . . . . . . . . 272

EASEMENTS, IMPLIED RESERVATION OF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 EQUITY. Injunction and specific performance . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Jurisdiction over crimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502

Merger of charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 ESTOPPEL IN CRIMINAL LAW .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 EVIDENCE. Character Evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500

Parol evidence rule; wills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210, 347 Substantive law under the guise of evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 View by the jury part of the trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

FEDERAL JURISDICTION OVER CORPORATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 FORGED INDORSEMENTS OF NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS . . . . . . . . 344 GIFTS OF NON-NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498 GOVERNMENT OF TERRITORIES AND COLONIES. . . . . . . . . . . . 205

GREAT AMERICAN JUDGES, UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT. 58, 135

IMMUNITY OF DIPLOMATIC AGENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495 IMPLIED RESERVATION OF EASEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 IMPOSSIBILITY AS A DEFENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501

INHERITANCE TAX, ILLINOIS . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 127

INJUNCTION AND SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 INTERNATIONAL LAW. Breach of blockade . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343

Immunity of diplomatic agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495 JUDGES, GREAT AMERICAN, UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT . . . . 58, 135 JURISDICTION OF EQUITY OVER CRIMES, THE . . . . . . . . . . . . 502

KANSAS CITY LIVE STOCK EXCHANGE, THE CASE OF THE . . . 278 LAKE MICHIGAN, THE OWNERSHIP OF .. 429

LARCENY OF A BUILDING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497 LARCENY, VENUE AND JURISDICTION IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425

LATE LORD HERSCHELL, THE . , . . . . , , , . . . , . . , . 557 LAW SCHOOL, THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204, 270

LIABILITY OF LANDOWNERS TO CHILDREN . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

LIBEL PER SE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 LIMITATIONS UPON THE TRANS-MISSOURI FREIGHT DECISION . . . . . . 129

LoCcuS PCENITENTIIE OF A TRUSTEE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

MANDAMUS TO A GOVERNOR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 MARINE INSURANCE. Spontaneous combustion. . I33

When is a ship a total loss? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 MARRIED WOMEN, RESTRAINTS ON ALIENATION BY . . . . . . . . . 53 MERE WORDS AS PROVOCATION . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 562

MERGER OF CHARGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274

NATIONAL BANKRUPTCY ACT, THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272

NEBRASKA MAXIMUM FREIGHT RATES, THE . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS, FORGED INDORSEMENTS OY . . . . .. .. 344



xii TABLE OF CONTENTS.


NEW YORK AND THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF THE ANTI-SCALPER ACT . . 342 NON-NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS, GIFTS OF . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497 OWNERSHIP OF LAKE MICHIGAN, THE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429 PAROL EVIDENCE RULE AGAIN, THE . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 347 PAROL EVIDENCE RULE APPLIED TO WILLS, THE . . . . . . . . . . 210

PENALTIES, LYNCH LAW AND THE CONSTITUTION . . . . . . . . . . 565 PLEDGE WITHOUT TRANSFER OF POSSESSION, A . . . . . . . . . . . 134 PRIVACY, THE RIGHT TO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES, A CITIZEN'S . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429 PROPERTY. Accession . . . . . . . . . . . 348

Animals ferle lnaturae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 Common law copyright ..51 Dumpor's case, the rule in . . . . . . . . . 272

Easements; implied reservation . . . . . . . 54 Ownership of Lake Michigan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429 Restraints on Alienation by married women. . s . . . . . . . . . 53 Ways of necessity ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422

PROVOCATION, MERE WORDS AS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 562

PUBLIC PURPOSES WHICH JUSTIFY TAXATION, THE . .499 REPORTING, CURIOSITIES OF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION TO THE COLUMBIA LAW SCHOOL . . . . 562 RESTRAINTS ON ALIENATION BY MARRIED WOMEN . . . . . . . . . . 53 REVOCATION OF AGENCY BY DEATH OF THE PRINCIPAL . .563 RIGHT OF A BENEFICIARY UNDER A CONTRACT, THE . . . . . . . . . 560 RIGHTS OF UNBORN CHILDREN, THE . . . . . . . . 209 RIGHT TO A BENEFIT, THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 RIGHT TO PRIVACY, THE . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 207 RULE IN DUMPOR'S CASE, THE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 SALES By AUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . a .. . . . . . . . 275

SATISFACTION AS A CONDITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496 SEALED VERDICTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . 345 SMUGGLING DEFINED . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561 SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION IN MARINE INSURANCE. . . . . . . . . I133 STATUS OF OUR NEW TERRITORIES, THE .. . . . . . . . . . . . 494 SUBSTANTIVE LAW UNDER THE GUISE OF EVIDENCE . . . . . .. . . 52 SUPPORT, CONVEYANCES IN CONSIDERATION OF . . . . . . . . . . . 559 SURETY, THE DEFENCES OF A . . . . . . 426 TAXATION, THE PUBLIC PURPOSES WHICH JUSTIFY . . . . . . . . . . 499 TELEGRAMS, DAMAGES FOR MISTAKES IN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423 TERRITORIES AND COLONIES, GOVERNMENT OF . . . . . . . 205 TORTS. Libel per se. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57

Liability of landowners to children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 Rights of unborn children . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 Right to a benefit . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . 130 Right to privacy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 207

TRADE-MARKS, THE USE OF ADJECTIVES IN . . . . .. 34 TRIAL, IS A VIEW BY THE JURY PART OF?. . . . . . . . . . . . 2I1 TRUSTS. Beneficiary of a contract not a cestui-que-trust . . . . . . . . . 564

Constructive notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 Locus pcenitentim of a trustee . . . . . . . . .1 . . . . 132 Constructive trusts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495



TABLE OF COANTENTS. xiii


TUG-BOAT MARRIAGES AND THE LEX DOMICILII. . . . . . . . . . . 273 UNBORN CHILDREN, THE RIGHTS OF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 USE OF ADJECTIVES IN TRADE MARKS, THE . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 VIEW BY THE JURY PART OF THE TRIAL, IS A ? . . . . . . . . . . . 2II VENUE AND JURISDICTION IN LARCENY . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 425 WAYS OF NECESSITY - WHAT ARE THEY? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422 WHEN IS A SHIP A TOTAL Loss ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2I2 WILLS, THE PAROL EVIDENCE RULE APPLIED TO. 210, 347

REVIEWS.

Abbott: Forms of Pleading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362 Ash and Ash: The United States Internal Revenue Laws . . . . . . . .512

Barnard: A Sketch of Anne Robert Jacques Turgot . . . . . . . . . .573 Beach: A Treatise on the Law of Contributory Negligence . . . . . . . .575 Beach: The Law of Monopolies and Industrial Trusts. . . . . . . . . .440 Bigelow: The Law of Wills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 Bouvier: Law Dictionary. Revised by Rawle. Vol. II.. . . . . . . . .574 Boyd: Cases oni Constitutional Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .287 Chaudhuri: The Law of Sedition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225

Clarke: The Science of Law and Law-making. . . . . . . . . . . . .68 Collier: Annotated Rules and Forms in Bankruptcy . . . . . . . . . .512

Collier: The Law of Bankruptcy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288 Cooley: Constitutional Law. Third edition. By McLaughlin. . . . . . .360 Davis: The Military Law of the United States . . . . . .1. . . . i48 Field: The Life of David Dudley Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

Finch: Selected Cases on the Law of Property in Land . 362 Foster: First Book of Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Gould and Savary: The War Revenue Law of i898 Explained. 224 Guthrie: Lectures on the Fourteenth Amendment . . . . . . . . . . .439 Holland: International Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510 Huffcut: The Law of Negotiable Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . .148 Jenks: Law and Politics of the Middle Ages . . . . . . . . . . . . .67 Keener: Cases on Contracts. Vol. I. & II. . . . . . . . . . . . . .361 Kent: Memoirs and Letters of James Kent . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Krauthoff: Malice as an Ingredient of a Civil Cause of Action .224 Lafleur: The Conflict of Laws in Quebec . . . . . . . . . . . . . .286 Loring: A Trustee's Hand-:Book .363 Maitland: Township and Borough . . . . . . . .I 145 Martin: The Hludson Bay Company's Land Tenures . . . . . . . . . .222

McPherson and Clark: The Law of Mines in Canada . . . . . . . . . .289 Prentice and Egan: The Commerce Clause of the Federal Constitution . . . 359 Select Cases in the Court of Requests (Selden Society) . . . . . . . . .572 Shearman and Redfield: Negligence. Fifth Edition. Vol. I. & II. I46 Stillman: Ought the Judiciary of Massachusetts to be Elective? .290

Thayer: Preliminary Treatise on Evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . .438 Thornton and Blacklidge: The Law Relating to Building and Loan Associations 441 War Revenue Law of I898, The. Annotated by Heydecker and McMahon . 224 Woodruff: Introduction to the Study of Law .225



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