Wartsilä Corporate PowerPoint - SINTEF · Power Electronics & Drives New motor concepts: PM...

© Wärtsilä 24.Okt 2012 WÄRTSILÄ NORWAY ISø

CIMACMedlemsmøte 24.Okt 2012

FremtidensHybrid Elektriske Systemer

Ingve Sørfonn


Market challenges

Vessel operators are facing new international and local emission regulations

Expected high future energy price will need more efficient operations to secure a sustainable business

Trading regimes will over time change to a more environmental and sustainable way of operation

2

The Future ship ?

Flettner rotorsto harness the wind energyFlettner rotorsto harness the wind energy

Air lubrication to reduce frictional resistanceAir lubrication to reduce frictional resistance

Streamlined deckhouseStreamlined deckhouse

New thermal enginesNew thermal engines

LNG tanks on deckLNG tanks on deck


New concepts…

The next generation of efficient container vessel concepts



New concept …

Regulators and stakeholders requirements are becoming stricter and environmental issues will be a strategic driver.Regulators and stakeholders requirements are becoming stricter and environmental issues will be a strategic driver.

Environment - emissions


GLOBAL

NOx formation in combustion enginesNOx

CO2, Methane and other greenhouse gases from hydrocarbons used in combustion processes or other processesGHG

Sulphur content in fuelSOx

Fuel type and combustion processesPM

LOCAL


Energy efficiency

Energy efficiency– 20-40% energy saving can be demonstrated on short term– More than 50% on long term– Total efficiency understanding– Energy price on different fuels

CO2 emissions from shipsThe IMO Marine Environment Protection Committee has already developed a package of measures for reducing shipping’s CO2 emissions, with an agreed timetable for adoption.

– Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for new ships– Energy Efficiency Operational Index (EEOI) for all ships– Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) for use by all ships– Maritime Emission Trading Scheme (METS)– International Compensation Fund (ICF), to be financed by a levy on marine

bunkers.

7


The cost challenge

• Future fuel price is difficult to predict, but assumed to increase especially for distillates after 2016

• Fuel cost is a large part of the operational cost for the seagoing fleet.

• Investment in more efficient technology is not very sensitive to the total capital cost

• Market incentives and international regulations are necessary to stimulate new investments in the market.

Ships’ annual costs - panamax tanker

Emission Control Areas

© Wärtsilä 24.Okt 2012 WÄRTSILÄ NORWAY ISø9

Established Emissions Controlled Areas

Emissions Controlled Areas under consideration

Industrial Environmental strategies



The total picture

By combining all areas together as an integrated solution, a truly efficient ship operation can be achieved.

More efficient and sustainable energy production and use of energy

11

Operational profiles


Standby15 %

DP25 %

Low steaming

40 %

High steaming

15 %

Bollard5 %

Offshore constr vessel % time

0

20

40

60

80

100

Standby DP Low steaming

High steaming

Bollard

1525

40

155

5

20

40

80

100

Time Power

Power in % of time of operations

12

Design evaluation


Design input Simulation Decision tool

• Identify customers requirements– Choose optimal hull and propulsion dimension,

based on hydrodynamic simulations

• Define operating profile– Simulate operation with different propulsion

consepts under predefined environment conditions

• Evaluate the result and decide

13

The challenge – optimizing total performance

Prime mover

SFO

C

Output

Generator – Power Drive

effic

ienc

yPower

Hull – Wake – Hull efficiency

Res

ista

nce

and

hull

eff

Ship Speed

Tota

l effi

cien

cy

Load

Total vessel

Main Propeller

Ope

n w

ater

effi

cien

cy

J (Operation point)

Main Propellers/Rudders and thrusters

Bol

lard

Pul

l


Load

Speed - Power prediction


Comparison of different alternatives


The engine performance


Dynamikk i forbrenningsmaskiner – typisk ”otto”


Typiske operasjonsområder i DP/standbyoperasjoner


Hybrid concepts

Variable speed

FCSED

FCSED

Motor or generator

Energy flow

Energy storage

True hybrid systems in ships – ”Smart Power at sea”

A flexible low fuel & emission energy system with energy storage

HOTEL LOAD

ENERGY STORAGE

NEW POWERENGINE POWER

GRID&

HYBRID CONTROLHEAT RECOVERY

PROPULSION

G1M2


Single engine optimization

maxsg sh shP TEfficiency contour lines

Maximal efficiency

Psg

sh

maxsg sh shP T


Variable speed - engine performance

Typical for a small engine, from fuel to consumer



Power Electronics & Drives

New motor concepts:

PM machines for low speedMulti-phase machines Super conductivity

DC Distribution:

DC Breakers and switches Damping of oscillations in the DC-bus

Power Electronics:

Electronic DC switchesReduced losses – Increased EfficiencyIncreased reliability

19

The Fellowship program


• Qualification and testing of Hybrid technologies

1 DESIGN 2 QUALIFICATION, TESTING & DEMO

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

EnginesG

Fuelcells

= =

=

M

=

DC grid

Batteries

Fellowship I+II Fellowship III

2013

AC grid

Energy storage makes the engine more efficient

• Energy storage will support operation of engines at optimal specific fuel oil consumption

• Energy storage will be used to reduce transient loads in engines. Transients will increase fuel consumption and increase released emission.

• Power redundancy requirements requires engines to run at low loads. If energy storage source power is accepted as redundant power the engine will operate more efficient.

Engine Specific Fuel Consumption

95

100

105

110

115

120

125

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Engine Load [%]

SFC

[%]


Present energy and power densities


Folgefonn prosjektetFremdriftsmaskineri med NULL lokale utslipp

Demo ferge FolgefonnFornybar energi verføring og lagring ombord Energi til fremdrift

Design og testing 2012/13

Demonstrasjon ombord 2014


http://www.wartsila.com/en/Home

http://www.norled.no/Default.aspx?pageid=756

Kvalifisering av lagringsteknologi

• Levetidsevalueringer• Lade egenskaper• Lade arrangement• Kontrollsystem• Kraftelektronikk• Effektivitet• Myndighetsgodkjenninger• Kost vurderinger• Konseptevalueringer


Li-ion Batterier

• Typiske data 1MWh– Vekt 10 tonn– Pris $1000/kWh og

synkende– Volum 30qm/MWh


Utfordringer overføring av energi fra land

• Store lastuttak• Kort ladetid• Svake nett krever aktiv og

reaktiv effekt kompensering• Påvirkning på levetid• Påvirkning på virkningsgrad• Standarder• Nye metoder !


Degradering versus dimensjonering - typisk


Residual Capacity after 10 years [kWh] / Initial Pack Size [kWh].

DUAL-FUEL (DF)

GAS-DIESEL (GD)

Gas burning technologies

SPARK-IGNITION GAS (SG)

1987 1992 1995


Clear leadership in dual-fuel applications

4 segments ~180 installations > 5,000,000 running hours

POWER PLANTS

DF Power plants51 installations186 enginesOnline since 1997

MERCHANT

LNG Carriers• 108 vessels• 429 engines

Conversion• 1 chem. tanker• 2 engines conv.• Complete gas train• Complete design

OFFSHORE

PSVs/FPSOs• 20 vessels• 96 engines• Online since 1994Highlights:• Harvey Gulf; the

first 4 LNG-OSVs to be operated in the Gulf of Mexico

CRUISEAND FERRY

LNG ferries• 4 engines• Complete gas train• 2,800 passengers• In service in 2013

Battery

==

Battery

=

=

=

=

DF- Hybrid electrical solution

M

M

== =

x x

x xx x x

AC

DC

Shore

LNG



Heat Recovery System

G1

M2

G2WasteHeat Recovery

Ship Services

Condensing

35

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