Water Cycle & WeatherChapter 6
L1 Where is Earth’s water?Earth – The water planet– People use water to travel– ¾ of surface is covered by water– It provides a home & food– 3 states of water
• Solid (frozen)• Liquid (melted)• Gas (invisible water vapor)
Atlantic & Pacific Oceans
Arctic & Indian
Southern Ocean
< 1%
• Oceans • Seas
97%
• Lakes • Rivers
“Water, water, everywhere, Nor any drop to drink”
Salt Water Fresh Water
Salt v. Fresh• Most of the fresh
water is frozen in the polar ice caps and glaciers
• You cannot drink salt water
• It has dissolved solids in it– Salt from rocks &
soil– Rivers carry salt to
the ocean– We use ocean salt
on food
Water table
Saltiness
MORE• Warm places where water
evaporates quickly allows more salt to be quickly left behind (salt does not evaporate)
• Red Sea is very salty because there are deserts on three sides
• Most of Earth’s water is salty ocean water
LESS• Ocean water is less salty
near the North and South Poles where the water evaporates less quickly
• Fresh water is found in glaciers and ice caps but it is not safe to drink
• Safe fresh water is found underground or in lakes, rivers, and streams
L2 Water Cycle• Water is recycled• No new water is created• Water is cleaned through the water cycle• Water is always moving– The movement is called the water cycle
Water Cycle
The Water Cycle
• Evaporation – process of changing liquid water to water vapor when it is heated
• Condensation – process of water vapor becoming liquid water when it cools
• Precipitation - any form of water that falls to Earth
• Storage (collection) – water from precipitation sinks into soil, or it falls, flows, or seeps into the ocean
Sun’s Energy = powers the water cycle
Earth’s Atmosphere
• The protective blanket that surrounds Earth
• It has mass and takes up space
• Is a mixture of gases• The layer closest to us
has water vapor• Gravity pulls the mass
of air to the surface
Cumulus Clouds
• Thick clouds, white, & puffy, like piles of cotton, they appear in fair/good weather and may reach high in the sky
Stratus Clouds
• Flat layers of clouds, that form close to Earth’s surface
Cirrus Clouds
• Feathery clouds that form high in the atmosphere when water vapor turns to tiny crystals of ice
L4 meteorologists
Ben Tanner, WIS-10• Study weather
conditions, they look at temperature, water, and air movement, data is collected automatically at weather stations
barometer
• Air pressure affects weather
• Air pressure is measured by a tool called a barometer
anemometer
• Wind affects weather• Wind speed is measured by a tool called an anemometer
Wind vane• A wind vane
shows the direction from which the wind is blowing
• The pointer points into the wind
Weather maps
• Use symbols to show fronts and weather conditions in different places