Water Loss in Africa

7/31/2019 Water Loss in Africa

1/50Water L Reductin in Arica | 1

Editr: Dr. Reza ArdakanianLi Mullin Bernhardt

Ht th Unit Natin Unirit (UNU)

UNW-DPC

Prceedin Reinal Wrkhp n

Watr L Ructin in Arica

Oagadogo, Brka Faso, Fbrar 2011Cap Tow, Sot Afrca, Marc 2011


2/50

Editors: Reza Ardakanian, Li Mullin Bernhardt UNWDPC

Compilation assistance: Ajibike Adeem UNWDPC

Graphic Design: Katja Clud UNWDPC

Photos copyright: UNWDPC

UN-Water Decade Programme on Capacity Development (UNW-DPC)

United Nations University

UN Campus

Hermann-Ehlers-Str. 10

53113 Bonn

Germany

Tel +49-815-0652

Fax +49-228-815-0655

www.unwater.unu.edu

[email protected]

All rights reserved.

Publication does not imply endorsement.

This book was printed and bound in Germany on recycled paper.

Proceedings Series No. 7

Published by UNW-DPC, Bonn, Germany

Juli 2011

UNW-DPC, 2011

Disclaimer

The iew epreed in thi publicatin are nt necearil the the aencie cperatin in thi prject. The deinatin empled

and the preentatin material thruhut thi publicatin d nt impl the eprein an pinin whateer n the part the UN,

UNWDPC, UNU, UNHABITAT and BWA cncernin the leal tatu an cuntr, territr, cit r area r it authritie, r cncernin

the delimitatin it rntier r bundarie.

Unle therwie indicated, the idea and pinin epreed b the peaker d nt necearil repreent the iew their empl

er. Pleae nte that the iew reprted rm the rup dicuin derie rm dicuin between dierent participant attendin themeetin. A uch their appearance in thi publicatin de nt impl that all participant aree with the iew epreed, althuh rup

cnenu wa uht where pible. The cntributin cntained herein hae been lihtl edited and rermatted r the purpe thi

publicatin. The publiher wuld welcme bein ntied an remainin errr identied that the editin prce miht hae mied.


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Prceedin Reinal Wrkhp n

Watr L Ructin in Arica

Oagadogo, Brka Faso, Fbrar 2011

Cap Tow, Sot Afrca, Marc 2011

Editr: Dr. Reza ArdakanianLi Mullin Bernhardt


4/504 | UNWDPC Prceedin N. 7

LivingWaterInternatin

al



FoREWoRD 3

1 | INTRoDUCTIoN To WATER Loss REDUCTIoN IN AFRICA 7

2 | ovERvIEW oF UNW-DPCs oTHER REgIoNAL AND INTERNATIoNAL

ACTIvITIEs oN WATER Loss REDUCTIoN 13

2.1 | REgIoNAL DRINKINg WATER Loss REDUCTIoN WoRKsHoPs 15

2.2 | CooPERATIoN oN gUIDELINEs FoR WATER Loss REDUCTIoN 18

3 | UNW-DPCs ACTIvITIEs oN WATER Loss REDUCTIoN IN AFRICA 21

3.1 | REgIoNAL WoRKsHoP FoR WEsT AND CENTRAL CoUNTRIEs

(oUAgADoUgoU, BURKINA FAso, FEBRUARy 2011) 24

3.1.1 | PARTICIPANTs 26

3.1.2 | PRogRAMME 27

3.1.3 | DIsCUssIoNs AND REsULTs 30

3.2 | UNW-DPC AT WoRLD WATER DAy 2011

(CAPE ToWN, soUTH AFRICA, MARCH 2011) 31

3.2.1 | sEssIoN oN NoN-REvENUE WATER REDUCTIoN:

AN AFRICAN PERsPECTIvE 35

3.2.2 | LAUNCH oF A NEW CAPACITy DEvELoPMENT BooK

AND TRILINgUAL DvD oN REDUCTIoN oF WATER Loss

IN CITIEs ARoUND THE WoRLD 41

3.2.3 | UNW-DPC AT THE UN-WATER BooTH 43

4 | REsULTs AND CoNCLUsIoN 45

TAbLe of CoNTeNTs



Pridin adeuate amunt reh, utainable water are the

ketne t deelpment and t lie itel, and n where i thi

mre eident than perhap in Arica. gien the water crii in

man part the wrld and the cnnected challene in meet

in the Millenium Deelpment gal MDg b their taret in

2015, ert t increae water ecienc, and in particular reduce drinkin water le, are imprtant al which can hae

inicant enirnmental and een nancial repercuin. E

rt need t be redubled i we are t reach the al, and

unrtunatel awarene reardin the cpe the prblem

and aailable lutin i till lackin. T cntribute t addre

in thi need, the UNWater Decade Prramme n Capacit

Deelpment UNWDPC ha been cntinuul wrkin n

thi tpic ince it inauuratin in Auut 2007, ia participa

tin in internatinal cnerence, the ranizatin cner

ence and wrkhp, publicatin and ide, epert wrkin

rup, ein and trainin r the interaenc mechanim

knwn a UNWater.

UNWDPC tarted wrkin in thi imprtant area hrtl ater

the undin it prramme in Bnn, with a rt actiit in

the rm an Internatinal Wrkhp n Drinkin Water L

Reductin: Deelpin Capacit r Applin slutin t

ether with UNHABITAT in september 2008. A a llwup

the recmmendatin thi wrkhp and in rder t addre

the iue water l reductin at the reinal leel, UNWDPC

ranized in cllabratin with it Wrkin grup n Water E

cienc and in urther cperatin with UNHABITAT three

reinal wrkhp n capacit deelpment r imprin

water ecienc, Water L Reductin in Water & sanitatin

Utilitie, with the bjectie deelpin capacitie t better

foReWoRd



euip deciin maker t addre the prblem drinkin water l. The re

inal wrkhp were ranied between Nember 2009 Januar 2010 in

Meic r Latin American Cuntrie, in Bularia r suth Eat Eurpean Cun

trie, and in Mrcc r Arab and Nrth Arican Cuntrie ttal number participant wa 429 repreentin 60 cuntrie.

We hae nw cntinued thee actiitie int 2011, with a urther actiit r the

Arican rein in Cape Twn in March 2011 at Wrld Water Da, with a eminar

n the tpic Capacit Buildin r Nn Reenue Water Reductin: an Arica

Perpectie, tether with UNHABITAT and the Arican Deelpment Bank.

In additin, UNWDPC ha been urther enaed with thi tpic thruh recentcperatin n internatinal guideline r Drinkin Water L Reductin t

ether with gIZ, vAg, KIT and the Unierit Applied science Nrthwetern

switzerland. T thi end, ur ce cntributed t the ucceul cmpletin

a Reinal Wrkhp n Water L Reductin in ouaaduu, Burkina Fa,

in Februar 2011. Thee and ther actiitie hae reulted in eeral editin t

be und in ur Prceedin erie publicatin n reinal wrkhp, a

well a a tatetheart bk releaed n Wrld Water Da 2011 n the tpic

Capacit Deelpment r Drinkin Water L Reductin and a trilinual DvD

n Reducin Water L in Citie Arund the Wrld.

I wuld like t take thi pprtunit nce aain t epre ur ratitude t ur

dnr and partner in thee actiitie er the pat ew ear, in particular the

german Federal Minitr Educatin and Reearch BMBF and the german

Federal Minitr r Ecnmic Cperatin and Deelpment BMZ. We wuld

al like t thank ur cllabratr within UNWater n thi tpic, epeciall UN

Habitat, and the lcal cperatin rm partner uch a the Bularian Water A

ciatin BWA, the Arab Cuntrie Water Utilitie Aciatin ACWUA, a well

a cllabratin with ther lcal partner uch a ANEAs, the InterAmerican

Deelpment Bank IDB and the Arican Deelpment Bank ADB.

I wih u an enjable read.

Dr. Rza Ardakanan

Drcr, UNWDPC

Bnn, Grmany



LivingWaterInternatin

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1 WATER Loss REDUCTIoN IN AFRICA

INTRodUCTIoN ToWATeR Loss RedUCTIoN IN AfRICA

IN JULy 2010, THE UN PAssED A HIsToRICAL REsoLUTIoN WHICH ACKNoWL-

EDgEs THAT ACCEss To ADEqUATE AMoUNTs oF HIgH qUALITy WATER FoR

DRINKINg, CLEANINg AND sANITATIoN Is A BAsIC RIgHT ACCoRDED To PEo-

PLE ALL ovER THE WoRLD. THIs Is A sIgNIFICANT sTEP ToWARDs ADDREss-

INg THE FACT THAT CURRENTLy MoRE THAN oNE-sIxTH oF THE WoRLDs

PoPULATIoN DoEs NoT HAvE ACCEss To sAFE DRINKINg WATER. Too LARgE

oF A NUMBER oF THEsE ARE IN AFRICA.

gien the act that water ualit i uch an imprtant parameter tuchin n

all apect ectem and human wellbein uch a the health a cm

munit, d prductin, ecnmic actiit, ectem health and bidierit,

enurin adeuate amunt hih enuh water ualit i eential i we are

t impre the ituatin the liin at lw nancial, wealth and educatinal

leel. The UN uet that each pern need 2050 litre ae rehwater a

da t enure their baic need r drinkin, ckin and cleanin Wrld Water

Aement Prramme/WWAP, and currentl arund 894 millin peple d

nt hae acce t thi amunt ae rehwater WHo/UNICEF Jint Mnitr

in Prramme n Water suppl and sanitatin JMP.



sae water i the crnertne deelpment. In thi repect, ecurin enuh

hih ualit water i nt enuh a ln a there are uch reat le in the wa

ter that ha a drinkin leel ualit and i detined t huehld r ther public

acce pint arund the wrld. That i what make imprin water ecienc

imprtant it increae the amunt hih ualit water that actuall reache it

detinatin, enurin reater impact r the wh need it mt.

Millenium Deelpment gal 8 call r the wrld t Enure enirnmental u

tainabilit. Althuh reat tride hae been made, ubsaharan Arica i till un

rtunatel ne the rein which ace cniderable challene in thi area. It

ha et itel the taret pridin 63 per cent it ppulatin with impred

anitatin b 2015, and that will mean pridin acce t an additinal 370 mil

lin peple in the net 4 ear. glball, diarrhea i the leadin caue illne

and death, and 88 per cent diarrheal death are due t a lack acce t ani

tatin acilitie, tether with inadeuate aailabilit water r hiene and

unae drinkin water JMP.



Tda 2.5 billin peple, includin almt ne billin children, lie

withut een baic anitatin. Eer 20 ecnd, a child die a a re

ult pr anitatin. That 1.5 millin preentable death each ear.

Surc: War Supply and Sanan Cllabra Cuncl WSSCC

In subsaharan Arica, treatin diarrhea cnume 12 percent

the health budet. on a tpical da, mre than hal the hpi

tal bed are ccupied b patient uerin rm aecalrelated dieae.

Surc: WSSCC

Depite imprement in anitatin ince 1990, 2.6 billin peple acr the

wrld lack acce t impred anitatin tda, and ubsaharan Arica i ne the mt eerel hit. Acknwledin reat challene r Arica, r eample, in

the ectr health, anitatin, rehwater utainabilit, drinkin water ual

it, and water ecienc in ariculture, UNWater ha made thi cntinent a pri

rit actin area. UNWDPC therere al cue man it actiitie n and

r the Arican rein.

In realit, man cuntrie in the wrld are acin water carcit prblem, and

ten baic human need cannt be met, epeciall in urban area. Arica i a

pecic cae, depite the act that prre ha been made. Currentl abut 13%

the wrld ppulatin cme rm Arica, but it wrld ecnmic utput i

nl 2%. Arica i the ecnd driet cntinent in the wrld and it i predicted that

1.45 billin peple will ace water carcit in the cmin ear. Reprt tate that

urteen cuntrie are eperiencin water tre at the mment, and 11 are at

the ere jinin the water tre prblem b the ear 2025 WWF Interna

tinal, 2011.

simultaneul, UNHABITAT 2004 prject an increae in the urban ppula

tin abut 2.12 billin peple between 2000 and 2030, with mt increae

ccurrin in deelpin cuntrie, leadin t hiher water demand. Hweer,

nt nl increaed water demand are drier water carcit, but additinall

lw water ue eciencie due t inapprpriate water manaement are wren

in the ituatin.



Phical water le in the water ditributin netwrk are

crucial apect in manain water demand, and hih benet

culd be reached thruh mre ecient water l manae

ment b water utilitie thi i particularl the cae in water

treed area uch a can be und in man part Arica. Pr

ductin ct culd be reduced and decreaed leakae wuld

lead t hiher tem preure, reultin in better erice re

ardin preure, cntinuit and reliabilit. The ptential wa

ter ain due t decreaed leakae lie in the rane 20%

t 30%, demntratin the real ecnmic adantae and need

r an impred water l manaement.

Realizin the need r capacit deelpment in the eld wa

ter ue ecienc, UNWDPC ranized a erie internatinal

and reinal wrkhp n Drinkin Water L Reductin:

Deelpin Capacitie r Applin slutin tether with

UNHABITAT between 2008 and 2010, with an additinal acti

it n the tpic r the Arican rein in March 2011. Arund

500 participant athered t dicu the prblem water

le and pible lutin reardin technical, plitical and

adminitratie apect in thee ur dierent area the wrld:

IN mANy deveLopINg CoUNTRIes pUbLIC

UTILITIes do NoT peRfoRm WeLL beCAUse

of LoW moTIvATIoN, pooR mANAgemeNT,

INAdeqUATe CosT ReCoveRy ANd poLITICAL

INTeRfeReNCe.

World Water development report 3,

Chapter 7

UNPhtolivierChasst



Latin America and the Caribbean, sutheat Eurpe, and Arab Cuntrie, and

the urth reinal actiit carried ut pecicall r Arica.

UNWDPC main bjectie in thee wrkhp were t traner knwlede and

bet practice reardin ecient water manaement, while encurain cmmunicatin between plic maker, water manaer and reearcher between

dierent cuntrie. With thi in mind UNWDPC cntribute directl t achiein

the MDg taret, t hale the number peple withut utainable acce t

clean water b 2015.

The reult rm each thee wrkhp were carried int the actiitie r

ther rein, and al enhrined in ariu publicatin, includin a recent

tatetheart bk n Drinkin Water L Reductin, which wa publihedb Paenhlz printer in March 2011. Anther tatetheart nthei

UNWDPC drinkin water l actiitie wa bruht ut in a pecial 15minute

mie n Reducin Water L in Citie Arund the Wrld, bruht ut n DvD

in a trinlinual erin r Wrld Water Da in March 2011 and aailable n the

UNU yuTube channel.

UNWDPC ha, hweer, dne much mre in the area Arica: in act all it

partnerhip in it reinal erie trainin r deciin maker, r increaed

water ecienc in ariculture thruh the ue the AuaCrp tware, r

trainin media, etc hae had ne t rml planted n the cntinent.



Wrldbank




oveRvIeW of UNW-dpCs oTHeRINTeRNATIoNAL ANd RegIoNAL

ACTIvITIes oN WATeR Loss

RedUCTIoN

UNW-DPC Is A PRogRAMME oFFICE oF UN-WATER, AN INTER-AgENCy MECH-

ANIsM THAT sTRENgTHENs CooRDINATIoN AND CoHERENCE AMoNg UN

ENTITIEs DEALINg WITH IssUEs RELATED To ALL AsPECTs oF FREsHWATER

AND sANITATIoN. THIs INCLUDEs sURFACE AND gRoUNDWATER REsoURC-

Es, THE INTERFACE BETWEEN FREsHWATER AND sEAWATER AND WATER-RE-

LATED DIsAsTERs.

In it wrk, UNWater cncentrate n a number Fcu Area, ne which

i cued n Water scarcit ther are water ualit and capacit buildin.

Man thee cu area are implemented within timebund Tak Frce r

Thematic Pririt Area which are lnerterm in nature and entail a trn

cu n interaenc cllabratin and crdinatin UNWater, and UNWDPC

i a member r upprter mt thee Tak Frce and Thematic Pririt

Area. In additin, ur prramme wa et up t eprel addre the capacit

buildin actiitie r UNWater, and t d thi we wrk n all area trateic

imprtance t UNWater.



Water carcit aect eer cntinent in the wrld. While me area uer rm

phical carcit, man peple arund the wrld ace ecnmic water hrtae,

where cuntrie lack the inratructure t brin water rm rier and auier.

Urban area al hae pecial demand n their water upplie, and in particularl arid land, water carcit i a realit that aect all area deelpment

and reuire actie imprement knwlede traner and capacitie. But b

ar the biet uer water i ariculture, accuntin r abut 75 per cent

all withdrawal in deelpin cuntrie. The Fd and Ariculture oranizatin

FAo predict a 14 per cent net epanin ue between 20002030 t meet

d demand. With increain demand n water reurce, it i becmin nec

ear t manae thee reurce eectiel and t impre ecnmic perr

mance. Imprin water ue ecienc reuire, amn ther thin, impredtechnlie, increaed maintenance t reduce leakae, better knwlede and

apprpriate plicie.

Within the area water carcit, UNWDPC ha made ne it reatet and

mt cnitent cntributin. It i a member the Tak Frce n Water scarcit,

led b FAo, and pride ecretariat upprt t a Wrkin grup n Water Ue

Ecienc within thi Tak Frce, pecicall lkin at ariculture. Thi cmple

ment well the etenie amunt wrk that UNWDPC ha alread dne n

water l reductin in urban area, includin a erie reinal wrkhp, the

ettin up a pecial cientic UNWDPC Wrkin grup n Water Ecienc,

reultin in pecial academic publicatin and a 15minute preinall made

DvD n thi tpic.



CHAPTER 2 | ovERvIEW oF REgIoNAL & INTERNATIoNAL ACTIvITIEs

2.1 | Rgoal Drkg Watr LossRdcto Worksops

Water l reductin wa ne the rt tpic t be taken up b UNWDPC

ater it inauuratin in 2007, beinnin in september 2008 with an interna

tinal wrkhp n Drinkin Water L Reductin: Deelpin Capacitie r

Applin slutin tether with UNHABITAT. The reult thi ucceul internatinal wrkhp can be und in ur Prceedin N. 1 dcument aail

able nline. Ater thi wrkhp, a cientic Wrkin grup n Water Ecienc

wa etablihed at UNWDPC, which crdinated UNWDPC later actiitie and

llwed recmmendatin rm UNHABITAT and ther participant at the in

ternatinal wrkhp, r UNWDPC t ranize a erie reinal wrkhp

n thi tpic. The aim the reinal wrkhp wa t dieminate recmmen

datin rm the internatinal wrkhp, t dcument aailable knwhw and

bet practice and t recmmend new apprache r mre ecient manae

ment in the eld water and anitatin with a cu n water l reductin.

Thee wrkhp al encuraed llwup prject and the etablihment

cmmunicatin between the plic maker, water manaer and reearcher, a

well a the prider technical lutin.

The rt thee reinal wrkhp, r Latin American Cuntrie, wa c

ranized b UNWDPC and UNHABITAT in Nember 2009; the ecnd wa

r suth Eat Eurpean Cuntrie held in sa, Bularia n 1618 Nember

2009 tether with UNHABITAT and the BWA, and the third r Arab Cuntrie

wa held in Rabat, Mrcc n 2021 Januar 2010 tether with UNHABITAT,

oNEPIEA, and ACWUA. Reult rm thee rt three reinal wrkhp hae

been publihed in the UNWDPC Prceedin erie: number 3 Latin Amer

ica, number 4 suth Eatern Eurpe, and number 5 Arab Cuntrie. All are

aailable at UNWDPC webite in a PDF rmat.



Guanajuato, Mexico

2-4 November 2009

Wrkshp

UN-WATER CollAboRAToRs

UN-HABITAT

oThER CoNTRibUToRs

ANEAS, IADB

1sT RegIoNAL WoRksHop

Latin Arican &Carrian Cuntri

ToTAl PARTiCiPANT DisTRi bUTioN

429Participant

60Cuntrie

INTeRNATIoNAL WoRksHop

glal

Bonn, Germany

3-5 September 2009

Wrkshp


UN-HABITAT

oThER CoNTRibUToRs

BMBF, BMZ

regional and international drinking Water

loss reduCtion Workshops



Sofa, Bulgaria

16-18 November 2009

Wrkshp


UN-HABITAT

oThER CoNTRibUToRs

BWA, EWA

2Nd RegIoNAL WoRksHop

suthat eur

Rabat, Morocco

20-21 January 2010

Wrkshp


UN-HABITAT

oThER CoNTRibUToRs

ACWUA, oNEPIEA

3Rd RegIoNAL WoRksHop

Ara Cuntri



CHAPTER 2 | ovERvIEW oF REgIoNAL & INTERNATIoNAL ACTIvITIEs

2.2 | Cooprato o Gdls for

Watr Loss Rdcto

It ha becme increainl clear that leakae rm water uppl tem rep

reent a majr btacle in the achieement the human riht t water and

anitatin. gien the wrld carce and urther diminihin water reurce,

etenie water le are incmpatible with the principle utainable man

aement. Thi i a claic cae r the need r impred capacit deelpment:rtl, althuh the rean r water le are manild the are wellknwn

t practitiner; ecndl, the encmpa nt nl technical prblem but al

adminitratie and intitutinal dimenin; and thirdl, under the riht cndi

tin lutin can be airl eail hared between indiidual r rein and

adapted r lcal cnditin ia trainin and dieminatin actiitie uch a

publicatin and ide.

In rder t addre thee prblem, we mut be mre innatie in the tpe

cllabratin we eek, enain partner rm arund the wrld and rm

bth the public and priate ectr. A recent and eectie trateic alliance in

the cntet a publicpriate partnerhip eit between the Deutche geell

chat r Internatinale Zuammenarbeit gIZ gmbH german Internatinal

Cperatin and vAg Armaturen gmbH, ne the wrld leadin manuac

turer pecialied ale lutin.

Thee partner beliee that imprin the manaement eitin water up

pl netwrk, with a pecial cu n the methd preure manaement, can

a ln wa tward lin prblem water l. Tether with the up

prt UNWDPC and the input and adice rm man ther eternal epert

and academic intitutin, the hae prepared a et guideline r Water L

Reductin, aailable in print rm and dwnladable at http://www.waterl

reductin.cm.



The gIZvAg partnerhip wa rmed t intrduce, prmte and upprt Pre

ure Manaement PM a a bet practice intrument r water l reductin in

elected deelpin and emerin cuntrie a well a t deelp internatin

all accepted uideline in rder t hare knwlede with intereted takehld

er arund the wrld. T d , the enae in ariu actiitie, man which

with the cllabratin UNWDPC:

Awarene raiin stakehlder Dialue

Capacit buildin Trainin

Pilt prject in preure manaement

Partnerhip

one thee majr awarene raiin actiitie, a ucceul stakehlder Dia

lue r Wet and Central Arican Cuntrie which tk place in Burkina Fa in

Februar 2011, i decribed in mre detail in the net chapter.



UnitedNatins




oveRvIeW of UNW-dpCs

ACTIvITIes oN WATeR Loss

RedUCTIoN IN AfRICA

WATER CAN MAKE AN IMMENsE DIFFERENCE To AFRICAs DEvELoPMENT IF

IT Is MANAgED WELL AND UsED WIsELy. gIvEN CLEAR PoLICIEs AND sTRATE-

gIEs AND REAL CoMMITMENTs To IMPLEMENTATIoN, WE CAN UsE WATER To

HELP ERADICATE PovERTy, REDUCE WATER-RELATED DIsEAsEs AND ACHIEvE

sUsTAINABLE DEvELoPMENT. (UN-WAteR/AfRiCA, AfRiCAN WAteR viSioN,

2001)

Anther ne UNWater main cu area i n Arica a rein r pririt actin. T

thi end, UNWDPC ha carried ut numeru capacit deelpment and trainin actii

tie in Arica r all it taret area participant: deciin maker, water prein

al, trainer and media. All ur reinallcued erie wrkhp hae had ne

t in Arica, includin trainin r jurnalit in Ept, trainin trainer in the ue

the AuaCrp tware r water ecienc in the aricultural ectr in Burkina Fa

and suth Arica, trainin r plic maker in the MENA rein, cllabratin in the rt

wrkhp r the cientic gWADI netwrk in seneal, and a UNWaterCapacit Deel

pment seminar in Kampala, Uanda March 2010 n the ccain the 15th Arican

Water Aciatin Cnre.



A decribed in the preiu chapter, ne the fahip and ke ac

tiitie UNWDPC ince it inceptin ha been n water ecienc,

includin it reinal drinkin water l reductin wrkhp r wa

ter manaer. one thee wrkhp alread ccurred in Nrth Aricain Rabat, Mrcc, r Arab state, in Januar 2010.

Mt recentl, in 2011 UNWDPC cntinued it etenie ac

tiitie n the tpic water l reductin in Arica with tw

urther actiitie: the rt wa within the ramewrk UNW

DPC cperatin n the guideline r Drinkin Water L

Reductin tether with gIZ, vAg, KIT and the Unierit

Applied science Nrthwetern switzerland, with the cntribu

tin rm ur ce t the ucceul cmpletin a Reinal

Wrkhp n Water L Reductin in ouaaduu, Burkina

Fa, in Februar 2011. In additin, a eminar in Cape Twn in

March 2011 r Wrld Water Da n Capacit Buildin r Nn

Reenue Water Reductin: an Arica Perpectie, tether with

UNHABITAT and the Arican Deelpment Bank, added t ur

erie reinal eent n water l reductin.

Al at Wrld Water Da, UNWDPC releaed a pr

einallmade trilinual DvD, made in cllabra

tin with the UN Unierit Media studi in Tk,

Water L Reductin in Citie Arund the Wrld. In thi

15minute ide, water epert dicu the challene wa

ter l aced eer da and uitable lutin t increae e

cienc in urban water uppl tem and appl uitable

apprache t deelp capacitie. The ide i al aailable

n the UNU yuTube channel at http://www.utube.cm/

watch?=Kjnd7Mo4iM.



A bk launch n Capacit Deelpment r Drinkin Water

L Reductin at Wrld Water Da runded ut UNWDPC ac

tiitie. Thi tatetheart bk utline the ariu prblem

and need related t water ecienc; the technical, pliticaland intitutinal challene r water l reductin in pecic

cae arund the wrld; and ptin r actin and lutin,

which include a dicuin n the capacit deelpment that

i eential r the achieement reater water ecienc.

Includin Arica in all ur reinal actiitie allw r UNW

DPC t enable crertilizatin between plicmaker within

Arica and between Arica and ther wrld rein, makin

aailable knwlede mre acceible and prmtin the up

take lutin. The pride the pprtunit r ariu

cmmunitie t becme inrmed abut lcal and reinal

plic uetin and t cnider repnie lutin. In addi

tin, ur pecic taret aimed at water preinal, deciin

maker, media and trainer in Arica are intended t w the

eed r maimum urther inlement and trainin t ther.

UNW-dpC AT WoRLd WATeR dAy 2011 ACTIvI-

TIes, mARCH 2011, CApe ToWN, soUTH AfRICA



CHAPTER 3 | ovERvIEW oN ACTIvITEs IN AFRIKA

3.1 | Rgoal Worksop o Watr

Loss Rdcto for Wst ad CtralAfrca Cotrs, Oagadogo,

Brka Faso, Fbrar 2011

one recent UNWDPC actiit wa a Reinal Wrkhp n Water L Reductin r wet and central Arican Cuntrie, hted b oNEA the Natinal Water

and Watewater Cmpan Burkina Fa with upprt rm gIZ, in cllabra

tin with AWA the Arican Water Aciatin and UNWDPC.

In man deelpin cuntrie, water utilitie are trulin with eceie wa

ter le rm their water ditributin netwrk. In a Wrld Bank reprt 2006

baed n data rm 900 water utilitie, cmmercial water le in the deelp

in wrld hae been etimated t be in the rane 40% t 50% the water

prduced. But lcal water utilitie er ten d nt hae reliable ure n the

actual leel le in their wn tem. The rean are a lack intitutinal

preure and cntrl, ramentar r deectie mnitrin tem bulk me

ter, cutmer meter and inadeuate knwlede the ditributin netwrk

and the reultin impracticalit ettin up a cmplete water balance. Intead,

mt aailable ure abut water le are baed nl n aumptin. Hw

eer, determinin the annual water balance baed n reliable meaurement

data and adeuate etimatin which take all releant cmpnent int cnid

eratin i a precnditin r ecientl reducin water le and electin the

ptimum cuntermeaure.

The Deutche geellchat r Internatinale Zuammenarbeit gIZ gmbH and

the priate ale manuacturer vAgArmaturen gmbH entered int a trateic

alliance with the bjectie aitin water utilitie in deelpin cuntrie

t cmbat water le. Tw unieritie, the Karlruhe Intitute Technl

and the Unierit Applied science Nrthwetern switzerland, upprt thi

partnerhip.



The prject ha three leel interentin:

elabratin technical uideline

realiin capacit deelpment meaure

implementin pilt prject t demntrate the

ecienc preure, and

manaement r reducin real water le

Within thi ramewrk, a tranbundar stakehlder Dialue

n Water L Reductin r Water Utilitie in Wet and Central

Arica wa ranized in Februar 2011 in Burkina Fa b gIZ

and the lcal water utilit oNEA, with upprt rm UNWDPC,

with the llwin bjectie:

raiin awarene deciinmaker r the i

nicance the matter

echanin inrmatin abut the actual water

l ituatin in the participatin cuntrie

preentin the technical uideline r water l

reductin, and

tetin the deelped trainin cncept and ma

terial

sTAkeHoLdeR dIALogUe oN WATeR Loss

RedUCTIoN foR WATeR UTILITIes IN WesT

ANd CeNTRAL AfRICA, bURkINA fAso,

febRURAy 2011



3.1.1 | Partcpats

Abut 45 repreentatie water utilitie rm eiht rancphne Wet and

Central Arican cuntrie Benin, Burkina Fa, Burundi, Cn RDC, guineaCnakr, Mali, seneal and T and rm the Arican Water Aciatin AWA

participated in thi rum, a well a repreentatie the ranizin intitu

tin. Amn the material ditributed at the wrkhp were a et elabrate

guideline n Water L Reductin in French written b gIZ and vAg, and

cmmented b UNWDPC.

UNWDPC preented a ein at the wrkhp t ie detail n it prramme,

technical uidance t water l reductin, and pride a bet practice eample water l reductin in a pecic taret cuntr, Bularia, which led t a liel

dicuin and me interetin cncluin:

Technical uidance, like what ha been elabrated in the gIZ paper, rec

mmendatin and bk rm IWA and includin the benchmarkin

rm AWWA the American Water Wrk Aciatin are er helpul.

sme adaptatin t the wrkin cnditin in Wet Arica miht be

needed, t nd tailrmade lutin n a cae b cae bai.

There i till a bi ap reardin inrmatin and knwlede abut ec

nmic and nance ea t read nt nl r technical water epert, but

al r treaurer, deciin maker infuencin budet priritie,

and Ngo.

Capacit deelpment, a a cntinuu ert, preerabl cmbinin ca

pacitie rm the public ectr with priate indutrie like vAg, ne

the ranizer the wrkhp i hih pririt



3.1.2 | Programm

The prramme the rum cnited a takehlder dialue, held n the

rt da, addrein rtl deciin maker and iin UNWDPC the pprtu

nit t preent it actiitie t the audience. It bjectie wa t emphaize the

imprtance water l reductin b addrein the ecnmic impact caued

b nnreenue water.

on the ecnd da, technical directr and enineer the participatin water

utilitie were trained in identiin water le and their caue. Thi pprtu

nit wa ued t tet the newl deelped trainin material.

on the third da preure manaement a ne ptin t ht water le

wa dicued in mre detail and a eld trip wa made t a pilt zne ouaa

duu, where vAg euipment had been intalled.

The urth da inled a lecture that wa held at the unierit the 2IE un

datin, addrein Mater tudent in enirnmental technl wh hae

pecialied in water reurce manaement.



T ma otcoms of stakoldr dalog

Quetn burkna Fa burund

Important water losses About 18 % 25 - 45 %

Strategy or ghting them Action plan to reduce

to 17 %

Studies and modulation

ongoing

National policy on WLR no under development

Rules and regulations or WLR no no

Enorcement - -

Structures or WLR Working groups on

national and local level

WLR cell established

Water tarifs 478 FCFA/m3 (= 0,73 )

in average (elevated)

State doesnt pay royal-

ties (30 %)

Financing o water services Water provision is cov-

ered, sanitation not

Study on tarif arrange-

ments under way

Proposals or uture Extension o ... Establishment o ...



The main utcme thi rt da takehlder dial hae been reprted in lcal newpaper

and Tv new c. http://www.utube.cm/watch?=4W0jmqaP4s4. Kertin Bark, 21.03.2011

pae 5

Congo RDC Guinea senegal Togo

elevated About 40 % => reduc-

tion to 25 % envisaged

bout 20 % (80 % real and

20 % apparent)

About 28 %

Action plan or WLR,

execution has started

Maintenance o network;

Mobilisation o resources

Rehabilitation o the net-

work

Less reactive maintenance

no no yes, national action plan no

no Decrees, not accepted yet Water law Water law

- - Perormance contracts Regulation o service

Institutional reorm

underway

6 leakage ghting teams Pilot committee or ol-

low-up; 2-3 interventions

teams per sector

2 intervention teams

in Lom

Fixed by the government No inormation given No inormation given No inormation given

Households pay only 1/3

o the real costs

Tarifs dont cover needed

investments

97 % o the costs covered;

private system, auto -

nanced

Tarifs dont cover needed

investments

Institutional Trainings on ... Trainings on ... Trainings on ...



3.1.3 | Dscssos ad Rslts

The takehlder dialue wa pened b the Technical Adir the Minitr

Ariculture, Water and Fiher Minitre de lAriculture, de lHdrauliue etde Reurce Halieutiue MARH. He welcmed the Preident the Arican

Water Aciatin, the Directr general oNEA, the cuntr repreentatie

gIZ and the audience. The cial inauuratin wa llwed b a iit the CE

MEAU premie. The takehlder dialue then tarted with a dicuin the

bjectie and the preentatin the prramme the three da t cme.

The gIZvAg prject wa preented and eperience with a cae tud rm Peru

were hared, bere the uideline n water l reductin were intrduced

with a deepenin preure manaement a ne cntributin t WLR.

The llwin uetin were aked and dicued in the wrkin rup, the

anwer t which are ummarized in the table n the preiu pae:

1. D u hae prblem with water le in ur utilit?

a. Hw imprtant are the?

b. D u hae a trate r htin them?

c. De a natinal plic r WLR eit?

2. Leal ituatin with repect t WLR?

a. Rule and reulatin?

b. Enrcement?

3. D u hae a tructure in ur utilit dealin with WLR?

4. Ecnmic ituatin?

a. Water tari?

b. Financin water erice?

5. Idea prpal r uture actiitie/ prject?

The reult btained were hared in the plenar, hwin me imilaritie, but

al bi dierence between the cuntrie/ water utilitie preent. In the ater

nn the repreentatie UNWDPC emphaied the imprtance htin

water le b trein their ecnmic impact and b harin eperience

rm the sa water utilit in Bularia. The crdinatr the UNWDPC Wrk

in grup n Capacit Deelpment r Water Ecienc inrmed the audience

the actiitie UNWater, aimin t trenthen crdinatin and cherence

amn UN entitie and nnUN partner dealin with iue related t all apect

rehwater and anitatin. Reult rm preiu cae tudie were preented.



CHAPTER 3 | ovERvIEW oN ACTIvITEs IN AFRIKA

3.2 | unW-DPC AT WORLD WATeR DAy2011, CAPe TOWn, SOuTh AFRiCA

INTERNATIoNAL WoRLD WATER DAy Is HELD ANNUALLy oN 22 MARCH As

A MEANs oF FoCUsINg ATTENTIoN oN THE IMPoRTANCE oF FREsHWATER

AND ADvoCATINg FoR THE sUsTAINABLE MANAgEMENT oF FREsHWATER

REsoURCEs.

An internatinal da t celebrate rehwater wa recmmended at the 1992

United Natin Cnerence n Enirnment and Deelpment UNCED. The

United Natin general Aembl repnded b deinatin 22 March 1993 a

the rt Wrld Water Da.

Each ear, Wrld Water Da hihliht a pecic apect rehwater. on thi

pae, we preent a brie eriew the dierent theme that hae been the

cu Wrld Water Da celebratin.



The internatinal berance Wrld Water Da i an initia

tie that rew ut the 1992 United Natin Cnerence n

Enirnment and Deelpment UNCED in Ri de Janeir. TheUnited Natin general Aembl deinated 22 March each

ear a the Wrld Da r Water b adptin a relutin. Thi

wrld da r water wa t be bered tartin in 1993, in cn

rmit with the recmmendatin the United Natin Cn

erence n Enirnment and Deelpment cntained in chap

ter 18 Freh Water Reurce Aenda 21.

state were inited t dete the Da t implement the UN

recmmendatin and et up cncrete actiitie a deemed ap

prpriate in the natinal cntet.

Wrld Water Da in 2005 marked the tart a new UN Interna

tinal Decade r Actin n water. The Water r Lie Decade

20052015, which UNWDPC i ne the reult a ne

the tw Decade Prramme ie a hih prle t imple

mentin waterrelated prramme and the participatin

wmen. The UN created thi Decade in the hpe that it wuld

bt the chance achiein internatinal waterrelated

al and the United Natin Millennium Declaratin.

Within the Water r Lie Decade, the cu i n the etent t

which water and anitatin are critical actr t alleiate p

ert and huner, r utainable deelpment, r enirnmen

tal interit, and r human health.

WALk foR WATeR IN CApe ToWN, soUTH

AfRICA, WoRLd WATeR dAy 2011



The rt water decade rm 1981 t 1990 bruht water t er a billin

peple and anitatin t almt 77 millin. But the jb wa nl hal dne. There

are till almt 800 millin peple withut adeuate acce t water and mre

than 2 billin withut adeuate anitatin.

While creatie technlical lutin are certainl needed, the biet chal

lene will be t enure that the pret peple hae acce t clean water and

ae anitatin, t help cmmunitie nd utainable wa t manae and pa

r water and t deelp acceptable wa intrducin ae latrine and

encurain d hiene practice.

The len the rt water decade i that pipe, cement and inratructureculd nt d the jb withut enain with peple and cmmunitie. Thi re

main a challene r the Water r Lie decade.

T reach thee al, each ear UN Water decide the pecic theme that an

nual Wrld Water Da a well a which UN aenc will take the lead t ranize

an eent n 22 March, includin a webite with reurce material. Man rani

zatin in the wrld al ranize lcal WWD eent and ther actiitie.



The 2011 tpic r Wrld Water Da wa n Water r Citie: Re

pndin t Urban Challene, and cued n the impact urbanizatin, indutrializatin and uncertaintie caued b cli

mate chane, cnfict and natural diater n urban water

tem. 2011 Wrld Water Da actiitie were held in Cape Twn,

suth Arica, and ranized b the United Natin Enirnment

Prramme UNEP and the United Natin Human settlement

Prramme UNHABITAT.

Baed n it wrk plan and pecic eld actiitie, UNWDPC

wa inled in a number actiitie at the WWD2011:

Participatin in and repreentatin at the UNWater

bth

The launch the UNWDPC Bk n Capacit Deelp

ment r Drinkin Water L Reductin: Challene and

Eperience

The launch the UNWDPC DvD n Reducin Water

L in Citie arund the Wrld

A ein n Nn Reenue Water Reductin: an Arican

Perpectie

A wrkhp n UNWater Mappin Eercie n Water qualit

WoRLd WATeR dAy 2011, CApe ToWN,

soUTH AfRICA



3.2.1 | Ssso o noRv Watr Rdcto:

a Afrca Prspctv

Thi ein wa cnened b UNWDPC, UNHABITAT, and the Arican Deelp

ment Bank n 21t March 2011 rm 26 pm durin the Wrld Water Da cner

ence in Cape Twn, suth Arica.

UNWDPC, tether with UNHABITAT and the Arican Deelpment Bank, ued

the pprtunit the Wrld Water Da t brin tether epert and ariu

takehlder inled in nn reenue water reductin, epeciall peratr and

peratinal ta rm the Arican Rein, durin the ein entitled CapacitBuildin r Nn Reenue Water Reductin: thuht and cae r the ret

Arica.

The bjectie the ein wa t brin tether practitiner and epert t

echane n their repectie knwhw and epertie, a well a t hwcae

me d practice rm champin utilitie n the cntinent.

Hihliht an ajr utc

1. Wecme Addre: In the welcme addre, it wa nted that the term NRW

NnReenue Water i perceied a placin the blame n the nnpain wa

ter cnumer. Therere, UNWater preer the term WL water le a mre

apprpriate t addre repnible water utilitie and t encurae them t act.

2. Water operatr Partnerp and NRW: In thi ectin the ptential in

terutilit harin knwhw reardin water l reductin wa emphaized.

Here, the peaker aw a reat pprtunit r cperatin gWoPA under UN

HABITAT with UNWDPC.

The glbal WoP Alliance i a netwrk partner cmmitted t helpin water

peratr help ne anther:

t impre their cllectie capacit

t pride acce t water and anitatin erice r all



gWoPA main premie i that Practical knwlede and epertie are eitin in

water utilitie but the are uneenl ditributed sharin thi liin librar

knwlede help bridin capacit ap .

3. AfDb and NnRevenue Water: At thi pint ADB emphaized it interet

in nancin water l reductin prram, with ecientl peratin utilitie

able t ecure lan repament. ADB ha been nancin hardware inetment

r water l reductin like netwrk repair a well a tware inetment

cutmer databae cllectin, etc.. Cunternance and prenance thruh

lcal bank i helpul.

4. Capacty Devepment fr Water l Reductn: A need anali preented b peaker Dr. Hani sewilam UNWDPC reealed that the echane

between dnr aencie ha t be trenthened t aid duplicatin and t

enhance nerie. UNWDPC intend t d thi, and cu n electrnic tl.

An imprtant ecapacit tl, the UNWAIs wa intrduced here and ha been

deelped. It i aailable nline.

5. NnRevenue Water Reductn: A cae tud a majr water urban util

it, FIPAg, which ined a PublicPriate Partnerhip PPP between FIPAg/

vEI/Netherland Minitr r Deelpment Cperatin, wa preented b

Neln Beete. He decribed hw the water utilit FIPAg in Mzambiue ha de

elped and eecuted a water erice perrmance cntract a a PsP Priate

sectr Participatin lutin. The eperience rm ur citie were eplained.

Durin thi tetin perid, hue cnnectin hae tripled, erice hur im

pred rm an aerae 10 nw up t 24 hur per da, and NRW came dwn

rm 50 t 20%.



6. hw t ue Gis tecngy nnvatn fr NRW: swazand Water servc

e Cperatn:The peaker, Dumia Dlamini, hihlihted the eential impr

tance apprpriate pace related data and inrmatin r all utilit peratin.

A gPs handheld unit t lcate and mnitr water meter wa intrduced a aucceul tl t build the gIs baed data tem nt nl r reenue cllec

tin, but al r mappin cnumptin and tem plannin. Inetment

were recered amrtizatin within le than three ear.

Arcan Jurnal Scnc and tchnlgy, Scnc & engnrng Srs vl. 5, pp29

Ater the preentatin b the epert in the panel, the rup dicuin witha uetin and anwer ein wa er liel, with the llwin main pint

reultin:

Man cmmentatr areed with the ndin that nt nl the pr ec

tr ciet are repnible r meter manipulatin and nn pament,

but al uite ten wealth cutmer hae had t be lcated and dici

plined.

A lt hih leel technical iue were raied, and detailed inrmatin

echaned between the participant mainl eperienced peratr

rm utilitie.

Interentin plitician i a burden t ct recer, intrducin ap

prpriate water tari, and priate participatin ma rinence plitical

interentin.

7. Ecnmc Apect f Water l Reductn fr Afrcan Cuntre: The

ct water l per cubic meter eceed b ar the tari r direct ct r

prductin and ditributin uppl water. The ecnmic alue water i

much hiher. surplu damae hae t be cnidered, like the reductin the

technical netwrk lietime. Therere, the benet water l reductin are

hiher than uuall etimated.



8. Reducng NnRevenue Water n lake Vctra Utte Experence

frm K Twn, Kenya

Jhn All Maba, Manain Directr guii Water & sanitatin, pridedthi preentatin. In 2004 UNHABITAT rmed the Lake victria Rein Water

and sanitatin Initiatie LvWATsANI thruh aciatin with ernment

Uanda, Kena and Tanzania, with the primar al addrein the wa

ter need the ecndar twn arund Lake victria deined t achiee the

MDg taret r water and anitatin.

In 2007, UNHABITAT identied the Uanda Natinal Water and sewerae Cr

pratin NWsC thruh it eternal erice unit a a uitable and cmpetentpartner t carr ut a capacit buildin prramme t eectiel manae the

epanded water and anitatin tem in Kiii. Prductin and Netwrk epan

in.

Thi reulted in a ucceul PIP Perrmance Imprement Prram which

aimed t reduce NRW rm 60% t 42% in 5 ear and had pecic taret r

adeuate ct recer tem, the epanin the reenue bae, impred

cutmer relatin, reductin NRW, and impred ta prductiit.

Ke challene were und in PIP implementatin, in inadeuate nancin r

imprin capacit, in a lack enineerin data/map, inadeuate kill

wrkrce, ta attitude and chane manaement, lack plitical dwill and

upprt, and rerm tranitin wa nt upprted t lical cncluin.

Recmmendatin therere included uetin t:

Deelp an inetment plan with a pr pr cu

Cntinue with PIP implementatin and mre partnerhip

Cntinue capacit buildin prramme ta and tem

Embrace chane and und leaderhip/preinalim

surce r und r implementatin interentin t meet taret et

ut b MDg and viin 2030 in alinment with new cntitutin



Carr ut demand manaement tud and prepare and diitize eni

neerin map r the netwrk tpe and ae

Inlement all takehlder includin lcal leader.

Prcure leak detectin euipment

9. hw a ma ze ca utty addree NRWThe peaker, Antni Madei

ra Junir, decribed the ert hi water utilit in Mzambiue, EMA s.A., t

delier water llwin the rapid increae in demand. Le culd be reduced

mehw, but the cllectin rate went dwn inicantl, becaue nt all addi

tinal cutmer and additinal demand culd be ered t cutmer atiac

tin. The len learned were that the priate peratr huld be inled inthe NRW inetment, and that aet wner and aet peratr huld hare the

ct trainin, a well.

He lited the ur main caue the hih leel NRW a:

A miture new and ld netwrk

ver hih illeal cnumptin leel

Pr ualit HH cnnectin and

Pr ualit repair n the netwrk

Pible lutin that the peaker lited were:

1. Deactiatin the ld netwrk need inetment

2. A ure client ne b ne, rad b rad, pipe b pipe

need inetment

3. Replace ttin a leak appear with prper ttin



Qsto & Aswrs

An ecellent and liel q&A ein llwed the preentatin, which dicued

the ecnmic ptimum water l in indiidual cae, the uetin whetherthe human riht t water hamper ert t reduce adminitratie water le

b allwin acce t water een r the wh are nt een willin t pa, and

whether and hw plitician can be encuraed t upprt actin that eem

unppular at the mment.

The panel dicuin bruht three main ndin, namel 1 The iciu circle

pr budet/ pr maintenance/ pr erice/ lw cutmer atiactin/

little plitical upprt/ lw tari/ pr budet can nl be ercme thruhpublic awarene; 2 Water l reductin i jut ne apect which huld be in

terated in erall water demand manaement; beide technical iue, cial

iue are imprtant.; and 3 The ure amn utilitCEo preented b Pr.

Rudlph came t an interetin reult: The hihet pririt wa ien t capac

it deelpment a a bttleneck actr ucce. At an rate it i clear that in

additin t indiidual capacit deelpment, mre intitutinal capacit deel

pment i needed. UNWDPC will cu n thi need in the uture.



3.2.2 | Launch nw Caacit dlnt

b an trilinual dvd n Rucin Watr

L in Citi Arun th Wrl

Ater the ein, Jhan Kulentierna mderated a panel t releae the new

UNWDPC bk n Capacit Deelpment, in which ther prminent panel

member were al inled:

Pr. KarlUlrich Rudlph, lead cntributin authr and head UNW

DPC Wrkin grup n Water Ecienc Dr. Reza Ardakanian, Directr, UNWDPC

Dr. Hani sewilam, cntributin authr and Prramme ocer, UNWDPC

LAUNCH of THe UNW-dpC book oN CApACITy

deveLopmeNT foR dRINkINg WATeR Loss

RedUCTIoN AT WoRLd WATeR dAy 2011 IN

CApe ToWN



sni th :

Water ecienc, and particularl drinkin water l, i a widepread iue which

ha inicant nancial and enirnmental repercuin. Hweer, awarenereardin the cpe the prblem and aailable lutin i lackin. T cn

tribute t addrein thi need, the UNWater Decade Prramme n Capacit

Deelpment UNWDPC preented a bk which i ne the reult three

ear cllabratin with ther partner within UNWater n thi tpic, includ

in a erie reinal wrkhp n capacit deelpment r imprin wa

ter ecienc.

Thi bk utline the ariu prblem and need related t water ecienc;the technical, plitical and intitutinal challene r water l reductin in

pecic cae arund the wrld; and ptin r actin and lutin which in

clude a dicuin n the capacit deelpment that i eential r the achiee

ment reater water ecienc.

CApACITy deveLopmeNT foR dRINkINg WATeR

Loss RedUCTIoN

TRILINgUAL dvd oN RedUCINg WATeR Loss IN

CITIes ARoUNd THe WoRLd



3.1.3 | UNWdpC at th UNWatr th

Anther majr actiit wa cntributin t the UNWater bth and the

detin pernnel t dieminate and pride iitr with reueted

inrmatin and material abut ur prramme and the ret UNWa

ter. The bth cntained tand diplain the publicatin and water

related actiitie the dierent UNWDPC eent. It al cntained a

mnitr t dipla the ide deelped b UNWDPC t raie awarene

n dierent water and urban challene, uch a UNWDPC Water L

Reductin ide r urban area. viitr were intrduced t UNWater

tructure and bjectie and then t the pecic actiitie and prject

UNWDPC. A wide ariet material n water and urban challene

were ditributed. viitr were er intereted in the publicatin aail

able and er the cure the week er 2,000 material were ditrib

uted.

THe UN-WATeR booTH AT WoRLd WATeR dAy

2011 IN CApe ToWN



LiamB

yrnesey



4 CoNCLUsIoN

gENERAL CoNCLUsIoNs AND RECoMMENDATIoNs:

THRoUgHoUT THE HIsToRy oF ITs PRogRAMME so FAR, UNW-DPC HAs

WoRKED oN THE gAMUT oF PRIoRITy AREAs WHICH UN-WATER FoCUsEs

oN. oUR PRogRAMME, HoWEvER, HAs PLACED A sPECIAL EMPHAsIs oN

WATER EFFICIENCy, AND IN PARTICULAR THE sPECIFIC AREA oF DRINKINg

WATER Loss REDUCTIoN, PARTICULARLy IN URBAN AREAs.

one the rean r thi i becaue the etent the prblem i rae, with

arreachin cneuence r ecnmic and cial deelpment and health.

Jut a imprtant rm a capacit deelpment perpectie, hweer, i the act

that thi prblem i al manaeable. In particular, with apprpriate amunt

trainin, nance and plannin, the knwhw t impre thee prblem can

be paed rm ne pern t anther and rm ne rein t the net.

In all ur actiitie t date ince 2007, it ha becme clear that a rein that

need particular attentin and care i Arica, which i the majr impetu behind

writin thi publicatin.

In particular, the erie reinal trainin wrkhp, utcme UNWDPC

Water Ecienc Wrkin grup, and academic paper that UNWDPC ha pr

duced n the tpic hw that a hlitic apprach i eential r Water L Re

ductin WLR ucce. It need t be prmted and encuraed within water

utilitie, where the awarene it nt et trn enuh. Thruh capacit de

elpment ert, trainin, eTl and ther cntinued attempt at calin up



uch a hw UNWDPC i wrkin within UNWater and it tw dzen UN mem

ber aencie, the kind awarene that i currentl lackin can be impred.

Len rm ur actiitie hw that ther technical and technlical apectare imprtant, in particular:

1. shrtterm technical leel peratin and lnterm trateie dein,

plannin and plitical deciin huld be cmplementar and crdi

nated;

2. Financial iabilit relie n reenue, reenue rel n meterin water,

there i a need t maimize ecienc meterin implementatin

hih accurac water meter and minimizatin meterin prce inaccuracie human errr; and

3. gIs i a ueul tl t keep all data rm the technical ide, includin

knwlede manaement and cutmer erice.

In additin, nancial and ecnmic apect in water l reductin al cannt

be inred. The main len that UNWDPC ha und in thi ectr are a l

lw:

1. WLR technlie are aailable, but me adaptatin t reinal cndi

tin i needed;

2. WLR ecnmic/nancin tl are necear at an earl tae WLR prj

ect t dene the ptimum leel deciin and ptimizatin; and

3. WLR technlie and nancial tl are ueul, but huld be embedded

in intitutinal deelpment that i wh capacit deelpment i im

prtant.

Finall, when it cme t adminitratie and reulatr apect, tandard uch

a the rm IWA are ueul but till need t be adapted t the cntet in pe

cic rein, particularl a man in Arica lack meter and pr data ualit and

reliabilit i aailable. Uin dierent, lcal lanuae wuld al be ueul in

thi reard.


49/50

There are eeral meaure that can be taken in rder t impre thee apect

and ain a better picture lcal cnditin, attitude and need:

Prper cutmer ure and d data are needed There huld be mre a cu n the cnnectin that are mre ct

benet releant, and

Trainin actiitie are needed in rder t impre the amunt killed

labr and trained technical ta

The WAy FORWARD

UNWDPC will cntinue t wrk n the area water ecienc and drinkin wa

ter l reductin, in particular ia UNWater member and parter prramme

a well a ia planned actiitie with UNWater Tak Frce and Thematic Pririt

Area.

It i clear that technical, indiidual and intitutinal capacit deelpment ac

tiitie are till needed, bth in the rm trainin but al ia eTl that can

help t cale up the actiitie UNWater member and partner and reach

larer number the wh can mt benet rm thee technlie.


50/50

Tel +49 228 815 0652

UNWDPC wa etablihed in Auut 2007

Funded b the german Federal gernment thruh the:

Federal Minitr Eductin and Reearch BMBF

Federal Minitr r Ecnmic Cperatin

and Deelpment BMZ

UNWDPC cntribute t the Internatinal

Decade r Actin Water r Lie

20052015

UNWater Decade Prramme n UN Campu

Ain valu in WatrRlat Caacit dlnt

The UNWater Decade Prramme n Capacit Deelpment UNWDPC i a jint prramme

UN aencie and prramme cperatin within the ramewrk UNWater and hted b the

United Natin Unierit.

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Water Loss in Africa

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