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S Water, Salmon & our Environment Learning to balance our “wants” with our community’s need to create a healthy, sustainable environment. jschmied©2015
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Water, Salmon & our Environment
Learning to balance our “wants” with our community’s need to create a healthy, sustainable environment.
jschmied©2015
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Water, Salmon & our Environment Goals
Learning to balance our “wants” with our community’s need to create a healthy, sustainable environment.
1. Water Cycle – Natural and Constructed Systems• I can describe the water cycle while tracking water through Puget Sound .• I can trace the flow of wastewater through the local environment• I can explain how pollution spreads through the environment via the water
cycle.2. Water and Water Use
• I am able to explain the importance of clean water in our environment. • I can explain key issues of the global water crisis.• I know my personal water footprint and the impact it has on our environment
3. Life Cycle and Human Impact on the environment: • I understand the life cycle of the salmon and know how humans can impact
salmon 4. Experimenting:
• I can test & analyze water samples to see if these meet water quality standards.
jschmied©2015
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Water Cycle Vocabulary
Learning to balance our “wants” with our community’s need to create a healthy, sustainable environment.
Accumulation – Gathering large amounts of water or ice together Ex: a lake or ocean, or a glacier formingAquifer – An underground layer of water bearing rock. Water bearing rocks have cracks & holes water can pass through.Condensation – The conversion of water vapor into liquid. Usual referred to forming clouds , fog or dewDeposition : A physical change of state from a gas to a solid. Ex: frost forming on grass during a cold nightEvaporation – The process of turn a substance, like water, into a vapor.Freezing: A physical change of state from a liquid to a solid. Ex: Refrigerator freezing water to ice.Groundwater flow – The flow of water under ground. Ex: gravitational flow of water in aquifers Infiltration – The process by which water on the surface enters soil. Melting : A physical change of state from a solid to a liquid. Ex: Heating ice to make water. Precipitation – Water released from clouds in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hailPercolation – The passage of water through the soil & rocks. The flow can be either up, down or sideways.Surface Run Off – Water flow that occurs when soil is saturated & the water runs over the land. Surface Water flow – The flow of water on the surface. Ex: flow in creeks and rivers down to the ocean.Sublimation : A physical change of state from a solid to a gas. Ex: Ice evaporating at altitude in the sun.Transpiration – Evaporation of water from a plant’s pores into the atmosphere.
jschmied©2015
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Salmon & Water Quality Vocabulary
Learning to balance our “wants” with our community’s need to create a healthy, sustainable environment.
ATU – Accumulated Temperature Units – (Temp – 32) = ATU Used to predict salmon development over time.Alevin – First stage of a newly hatched salmon when still attached to the yolk sac.Dissolved Oxygen – Amount of oxygen dissolved in water. Egg – First stage of salmon develop. Fertilized eggs are laid in the stream bottom and covered with rocks.Fish Ladder – Stair step like structure built so salmon can navigate up and around barriers like dams. Fry – Stage after Alevin where young salmon absorb the egg sac and become free swimming.Gill net – A fishing net hung vertically so that fish swimming into the net get trapped by their gills. Habitat – The natural home or environment of an animal, plant or other organism.Harvest – The total of fish caught, took or removed for human use. Hatchery – A structure where salmon are artificially spawned and the salmon eggs incubate & hatch.Hydropower Dam – Dam that creates electricity due to water flow spinning the blades of a generator. pH – A measurement that tells how acidic, neutral or basic a substance is. Predator – An animal that preys on, or eats, another. Redd – A spawning depression in the bottom of a stream where salmon eggs are laid, then covered by rocks.Smolt – A young salmon that leaves the fresh water and adapts to life in the salt water. Spawning – The act of mating between male & female salmon where the male’s milt fertilizes salmon eggsSpecies of Salmon (5) – Chinook (King), Coho (Silver), Sockeye (Red), Humpback (Pink) Chum (Dog)Turbidity – Measure of water clarity. Turbid water has many particles of mud & sediment in it.
jschmied©2015
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Earth The Water Planet!!
Learning to balance our “wants” with our community’s
need to create a healthy, sustainable environment.
jschmied©2013
Click Earth to see class notes.
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Earth The Water Planet!!
• I am able to explain the importance of clean water in our environment. • I can explain key issues of the global water crisis.
I know the physical properties of water that make life on Earth possible.• Insulation: Ice floats on water, keeping the water below
from freezing fast. - Ice keeps planet cooler by reflecting light back out of atmosphere- Melting glaciers & icepacks means decreased reflection – as a result our planet gets warmer• Moderation: Water bodies moderate temperature
- Thus Puget Sound is not too hot or too cold• Transportation: Water vapor is transported in the air
around the world.
jschmied©2015
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Earth The Water Planet!!
• I am able to explain the importance of clean water in our environment. • I can explain key issues of the global water crisis.
I know the basic distributi on of water on Earth…
… and how much is useable
jschmied©2015
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Ocean Animals face mass ExtinctionWater Woes: Vast US Aquifer being tapped out
• I am able to explain the importance of clean water in our environment. • I can explain key issues of the global water crisis.
What you should know:• Know the key points of each article• What’s the take home message?• How was the data obtained?• What evidence does each author give to support their
thesis?• What’s the future if we keep going the way we are?• What alternatives are there?
jschmied©2015
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Earth The Water Planet!!
Learning to balance our “wants” with our community’s need to create a healthy, sustainable environment.
1900 = 1.6 Billion
1970 = 3.9 Billion
9/2014 = 7.1 Billion
2050 = 9.2 Billion?
• I can explain why Health, Wealth, clean Water, & Population are linked issues in the environment
jschmied©2015
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The G
lobal W
ate
r C
risis
• Be able to name at least two subject areas of the water crisis.
• How many people (est.) die each year due to poor water quality?
• What are the key reasons water is making people sick? (3 level reasoning)
• Describe at least one workable solution to each problem area.
jschmied©2014
Click Images for instructions.
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The Water Cycle !!
Learning to balance our “wants” with our community’s need to create a healthy, sustainable environment.
• I can explain how pollution spreads through the environment via the water cycle.
• I can describe the water cycle while tracking water through Puget Sound.
jschmied©2013
Click Earth to see class notes.
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The Water Cycle !!
• I can explain how pollution spreads through the environment via the water cycle.
• I can describe the water cycle while tracking water through Puget Sound .
Know all parts of the water cycle and how pollution can effect parts of the cycle
jschmied©2014
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The Water Cycle !!
• I can explain how pollution spreads through the environment via the water cycle.
• I can describe the water cycle while tracking water through Puget Sound .
One example showing how pollution can spread through the environment & be really hard to clean up!
jschmied©2014
Your Water Footprint
Know:
About how much water an Average American
uses vs. the Global Average.
What are the most water intensive products?
What are the least water intensive products?• I know my personal water footprint and the impact it has on the environment
jschmied©2014
Click Footprint to go to website.
Follow the Raindrop through Puget Sound
Know the places a raindrop goes through in the Puget Sound water cycle.
Know what each water cycle process means. (ex: What’s an Aquifer?)
Know how pollution can spread through the Puget Sound water cycle.
• I can explain how pollution spreads through the environment via the water cycle.
• I can describe the water cycle while tracking water through Puget Sound .
jschmied©2014
Click Raindrop for instructions.
The Pacific Salmon
Know all phases of the Pacific Salmon life cycle
Know how to calculate ATU
Know the dangers and predators a salmon faces in each stage of the life cycle.
Know the 4 + 2 H’s that threaten the survival of the Pacific Salmon.
Be able to tell examples of ways salmon stocks are depleted.• I understand the life cycle of the salmon and know how humans can impact salmon
jschmied©2014
Click Salmon to see class notes
Tragedy of the CommonsThe commons = Shared resources
ex: Air, Water, Soil, Energy, Space, Fish, Internet…
People acting independently & in their own self-interest will ultimately deplete a shared limited resource…
….even though it is clearly not in anyone’s long term interest for this to happen
or another way… …. Even though you may know that what
you want to do is not good for future generations…
….you are inclined to do so because it is in your own best interest. In the end everyone loses…
This picture was taken at the Union Fisherman’s Dock in Astoria, Oregon in about 1910. Left to right – Salmon weighs 116 and 121 lbs.
“June Hog” Columbia River Chinook Salmon run before the Grand Coulee hydroelectric dam was completed in 1941.
These fish grew up to 125 lbsjschmied©2015
Be able to fill this out & tell the dangers at each stage.
jschmied©2014
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What’s endangering Pacific Salmon?
• Be able to give examples on how Pacific Salmon are being endangered.
• Use the questions to help focus your studies.• Know and be able to explain 4H’s & 2
jschmied©2013
Click Salmon for article.
Salmon & Water Quality
Know Basic Water Quality Ranges
Min & Max Temperature
Min & Max pH
Min O2 levels
What O2 depends on
Optimal & Max Turbidity level. Why is exceeding this level is a problem ?
Parameters (levels) >4˚C to <18˚C (dangerous). 25˚C is
deadly due to lack of O2 & diseases.
Below 6 and above 9 pH
Above 6 ppm for survival
Temperature! – Cold H2O holds more O2
Best less than 20 JTU. No more than 50 JTU. Otherwise salmon can’t see food!
• I can test & analyze water samples to see if these meet water quality standards.
jschmied©2015
Click here for class notes
Salmon & Water Quality Lab
Compare Basic Water Quality Lab Data with Safe Ranges
Given data, be able to identify samples that are healthy in all water quality areas.
Given data, be able to identify samples where one, two, three or more areas of water quality are not healthy
Given data, be able to explain why samples are safe or unsafe.
Be able to correctly recommend how to fix a sample with water quality problems
• I can test & analyze water samples to see if these meet water quality standards.
jschmied©2013
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Water, Salmon & our Environment
Learning to balance our “wants” with our community’s need to create a healthy, sustainable environment.
jschmied©2015
