Wednesday, May 7th Wednesday, May 7th

• How do you think Imperialism still affects our world today? Where have you seen examples of Imperialism in current events (pick an example other than Crimea—we’ll talk about that later!)

• Turn in “The ImportantThing About Imperialism”to the bin

The Spanish EmpireThe Spanish Empire

•Areas that were at one time part of

the Spanish Empire

Civil War in CubaCivil War in Cuba

In 1895 civil war broke

out in Cuba between

Spain and Cuban rebels.

• By 1895, Spain had only a few colonial

possessions left

including the

Philippines, Puerto Rico and Cuba

Cuban RebellionCuban Rebellion

• Spanish General Valeriano Weyler, orders thousands of Cubans (by 1898 1/3 of all Cubans) into concentration camps.

• Any person who failed to obey was shot.

• Food was scarce and famine and disease quickly swept through the camps.

• Over 400,000 Cubans died as a result of the Spanish Policy.

Setting the Stage for WarSetting the Stage for War

• In competition for readership, two New York newspapers wrote exaggerated stories about the Cuban rebellion.

Chapter 10, Section 2

• This yellow journalism sold a lot of papers but had other

effects as well:• It whipped up American public opinion in favor of

the Cuban rebels!

The Yellow Kid

How are these two headlines different?How are these two headlines different?

• “Search for Missing Bride Continues”

• “Bride Missing! Groom’s Family Blame History of Mental Illness”

Printed under a headline that read:

• Cuban Babes Prey to Famine

• Thousands of Children

Perishing in Island Towns

• Sights that Sicken Strong

Men

• The New York Journal reports "...blood on the roadsides, blood in the villages, blood, blood, blood!"

When William Randolph Hearst sent a reporter to cover the rumored war, he cabled back that there was no war going on.  Hearst wired back:  “Please remain. You supply the pictures, and I'll supply the war.”

To get the attention of the U.S. government – Cuban Rebels burn plantations owned by U.S. businessmen.

With millions of dollars of business investments in Cuba, the businessmen demand help from President McKinley

The U.S. Battleship Maine is sent to protect U.S. citizens and as a warning message to Spain!

DeLome LetterDeLome Letter

“…it shows once more what McKinley is: weak and catering to the rabble, and, besides, a low politician, who desires to leave a door open to me and to stand well with the jingoes of his party.

DeLome – The Spanish Ambassador to the U.S.DeLome – The Spanish Ambassador to the U.S.

Uh-Oh…Uh-Oh…

• New York Journal owner William Randolph Hearst published the letter on February 9, with the headline "The Worst Insult to the United States in Its History."

• Six days later comes the final straw!

Remember the Maine!Remember the Maine!

Closer, 5/7Closer, 5/7

• Note the following about the Spanish American War:

• 3 things that you have learned about the war

• 2 things that were extreme about or during the war

• 1 thing that was absolutely true!

Thursday, May 8th Thursday, May 8th

• Imagine you are a yellow journalist reporting on conditions in Middletown High School. Write three sensationalist headlines about MHS that will grab the attention of your readers—whether they are true or not!

Newspaper Accounts of the ExplosionNewspaper Accounts of the Explosion

• Read the two documents from the New York Journal and the New York Times.

• How do you think American audiences in 1898 would have received each of these articles? In other words, what effect might have each article had on its readers?

• What do these two articles tell us about the values and beliefs of Americans during this time period?

WAR!WAR!

• President McKinley

feels he has no choice –

On April 11th, 1898 he asks congress to declare war on Spain.

Spanish American War Timeline: 1898Spanish American War Timeline: 1898

• Congress declares war, April 20

• Battle of Manila Bay, May 1

• Battle of San Juan Hill, July 1

• Invasion of Puerto Rico, July 25

• Cease-fire agreement, August 12

• Treaty of Paris, December 10

Soldiers’ ExperiencesSoldiers’ Experiences

• Take a moment to read about this “splendid little war” from a soldier’s perspective and answer the questions on the back.

• Think about it: How was this war different than what Americans had expected?

Meanwhile, in the Philippines…Meanwhile, in the Philippines…

• Battle of Manila Bay: May 1, 1898• The Philippines was a Spanish colony, but American

ships in the Pacific were able to get there shortly after the declaration of war

• Commodore George Dewey opened fire from the USS Olympia and destroyed every Spanish ship in Manila Bay

• The victory allowed Americans to join forces with Filipinos and overcome the Spanish troops by August

“You may fire when ready, Gridley”“You may fire when ready, Gridley”

With a huge victory under their belts, the Americans turn their

attention back to Cuba…

Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough RidersTeddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders

• Volunteer cavalry commanded by Roosevelt

• Composed of athletes and cowboys—manly men looking for adventure!

Battle of San Juan HillBattle of San Juan Hill

• Goal: Capture Santiago• The Rough Riders and two African American

regiments charged up Kettle Hill to clear the way for the infantry to capture San Juan Hill

• Roosevelt and the Rough Riders were praised as heroes in the press, but in reality their role in the battle was minor

• As the Spanish tried to leave Santiago,the US destroyed the rest of their fleet

End of the WarEnd of the War

• The US continued winning battles in Cuba through the month of July

• On August 12, 1898, an exhausted Spain formally surrendered to the United States.

Aftermath of the War and EffectsAftermath of the War and Effects

• Treaty of Paris, December 10, 1898• Lots of new territory! US gains Guam and Puerto Rico

from Spain, purchases the Philippines for $20 million, and Spain frees Cuba.

• The new territory causes great debates to break out between Imperialists and Anti-Imperialists in the US, and Pres. McKinley uses religious justification to support the new acquisitions.

•

Platt Amendment (1903)Platt Amendment (1903)

• Newly independent Cuba writes a new constitution• Before the US military evacuates the island, the US

demands that Cuba add several provisions to the constitution, including:– Cuba could not make treaties with other nations

that would limit its independence– The US reserved the right to intervene in Cuba– The US could buy/lease land for naval stations and

refueling stations

Essentially, Cuba was now a protectorate of the United States

A New Legacy for the United StatesA New Legacy for the United States

• The Spanish American War only lasted for 4 months, but it radically changed how the rest of the world viewed the United States. We were well on our way to becoming a major world power with an empire in our own right.

William McKinley— “The Imperialist President”William McKinley— “The Imperialist President”

• Video clip

Political Cartoon AnalysisPolitical Cartoon Analysis

• Let’s take a look at some commentary on the Spanish American War. Follow along with the Cartoon Analysis Worksheet in your packet

• “Well I Hardly Know Which to Take First”• “The Spanish Brute”

Closer, 5/8Closer, 5/8

• Use a world map (hanging throughout the room), your textbook, or your smart phone to complete the maps in the note packet you received yesterday