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Identify the purpose of theLiterature Review

Identify the information elementsfor an effective Literature Review

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The source material or readings youconsulted to understand and investigate yourresearch problem.

This may be from journals, books,newspapers, magazines, online journals,databases, CD ROMs.

(note: however, for AW purpose, it is

suggested to work on at least 5 researchpapers).

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To critically review existing information that

is relevant to the current research.

To summarise / paraphrase relevant research.(N.B. a Literature Review is not a summary buta critical synthesis of the relevant researchpapers.)

To evaluateother works and the relationshipsbetween past research. How does this relateto current research? This is vitally important.

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This is not a sequential summary of previousresearch.Use your Concept Matrix as a plan and : Be selective about the parts of other papers to be

discussed, particularly the Methodology, Results

and Discussion sections. Discuss how these studies relate to each other e.g.

Is the Methodology similar or different? Are theresimilarities or differences in the Results?

Explain how previous studies relate to the current

study.

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The literature review contextualisesthecurrent research by reviewing previousstudies about the same or similar topic.

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Existing theories about the topic

Key concepts / main factors / variables andthe relationships between these

Inconsistencies or shortcomings in previousresearch e.g. evidence may be limited orcontradictory

An explanation about the need for the

current research

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1. Remember the purpose Address your research question throughout Show why you are carrying out this research Explain why previous research was chosen Clarify how your research adds to previous

papers on the same or similar topic

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2. Read with Purpose Be selective about what you read. Summarizeand

paraphrase this information. Select the main ideas, data, conclusions, that

have been given and look for similarities anddifferencesbetween the research papers.

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3. Write with Purpose

Your objective is to evaluate and show therelationships between the work previouslyundertaken e.g. Is Researcher X's methodologymore convincing than Researcher Y's? DidResearcher X build on the work of Researcher Y?

Explain the relationship between previous work and

the current research. Carefully plan and organize your Literature Review.

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Involves doing 2 tasks simultaneously1. Reading relevant sources to the research.

2. Defining the research question:continuing previous research; finding a

gap; asking a question; counter-

claiming

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1. Trying to read everything

The idea of the literature review is not to provide a

summary of allthe published work that relates tothe research, but to survey the most relevant andsignificant work.

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2. Reading but not writing

Writing aids understanding and findingrelationships between readings. Do not wait

until reading is completed. Reading should continue until the end of the

research project. The writer should prepare several, changing

ideas and information whilst learning moreabout the context of the research problem.Thus, the first draft should not be consideredthe final version.

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3. Not keeping bibliographic information

Always keep bibliographic information in yournotes.

Always include in-text citations when you haveparaphrased or quoted another researcher.

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