Welcome to CIS 52

1© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Welcome to CIS 52

WELCOME

WELCOME

WELCOME

W E L C O M E


Introductions are in order

Your name

Something about yourself

Why are you taking this class?

What are your expectations?


TopicsIntroduction and History of UNIX

UNIX: LINUX Components

LINUX at Solano Community College

LINUX is NOT DOS


TopicsIntroduction and History of UNIX



LINUX is NOT DOS


The Heritage of UNIX: LINUXWhat was needed:

A system that could do more than one thing at a time. A multitasking system.

A system that could handle one or more users at a time. A multiuser system.

A system that could share selected data with others.


The Heritage of UNIX: LINUXBell Lab & MIT work on MULTICS

(60’s)

Bell Labs pull out of project (late 60’s)Ken Thompson with Bell Labs starts

work on UNIX using a PDP-7 from DEC.

Written in Assembler


The History of UNIXHistory (continued)

Second Version written in ‘B’

3 advantages:Multiuser Direct user to user communicationData and program sharing

Rewritten with Dennis Ritchie using ‘C’ language in 1973


UNIX Turning PointUNIX becomes widely available in 1975

Given to Colleges, including UC Berkeley

AT&T develops one branch of the UNIX familySystem III is first supported release in 1982

System V in the 90’s

UC Berkeley comes out with BSDBSD 4


One Idea: Two PathsATT Version

Sun’s Solaris 2.x

UNIXware (now part of SCO)

IRIX (Silicon Graphics)

HP-UX

BSD

Sunos 4.x

BSDi

Mach (Nextstep is also an extension of Mach)

Ultrix (from DEC)


Convergence AT&T V5R4Most Commercial Systems are

blending UNIX capabilities into a System V R4 ‘AT&T variant’ with BSD ideas and tools mixed in.

System Administration are generally Vendor Specific

LINUX is now the most famous version, and it is free.


The Search for StandardsPOSIX (Portable Operating System

Interface Definition)Defined by IEEE

Provides a baseline of compatibility for UNIX variants

Sited by large customers in procurements

SVID (System V Interface Definition)Defined by ATT (UNIX System Labs)


And yet More StandardsOSF (Open Software Foundation)

Chartered to define a UNIX like system independent of AT&T and SVID

OSF/1 shipped in 1990 based on Carnegie Mellons Mach Operating System

upwardly compatible with POSIX

XOPEN (International Consortium of UNIX vendors). Publishes Portability Guides


Introduction to UNIX using LINUX

LINUX: A Product of the INTERNETDeveloped by Linus Torvalds

Open Source and free distribution

UNIX work-alike


Open System ArchitectureSource code immediately available via the

INTERNET

Enhancements and extensions from all over the world.Incorporates features from UNIX BSD &

System V

Free, FREE, FREE (Hooray)


Sir LINUX the humorousUnlike its sibling UNIX with LINUX

humor aboundsIn LINUX less is more

Standard Text editor vi (for visual mode) is now vim (vi plus more)

joe – joe’s own editor(written by Joseph Allen)


What’s sooo good about LINUX?

Large selection of applications

Rapid support for peripheral devices

Multi-platform operating environments

Code is free for modification and distribution


It’s soooo GoodTwo trends:

Advances in hardware tecnologyFaster, Cheaper

Demise of Proprietary systemsbecause of rapidly changing hardware

LINUX is generic but UNIX is not

LINUX supports both user and server functions in one operating system.


TopicsThe History of UNIX : LINUX



LINUX is NOT DOS


Capabilities Overview

UNIX: LINUX as an Operating System

UNIX: LINUX as a programming and user tool

System Features


LINUX as an Operating SystemLike Any Operating System

LINUX provides:A File System

Process Control

Memory Management

Device Control


LINUX as an Operating System


LINUX As a ToolUser Interface (‘The Shell’)

Bourne

Korn (David Korn of AT&T)

C (Bill Joy at UCB)

bash ( Bourne again Shell)

and 4 zillion more

A Collection Of Utility Programs

A Philosophy of Programming


System FeaturesMulti User

Many users can be logged in simultaneously

Multi TaskingMany tasks can be executing simultaneously

User Selectable Command LanguagesMany “Shells” available

Hierarchical File System


Hierarchical File System

/Alice /Bobby /Carol

/home /tmp /bin

/(aka root)

System Features (cont.)


System Features (cont.)Compatible File, Device and

Interprocess I/O

Large Software Base

Highly Portable Kernel and Utilities


System Features (cont.)GUI’s (Graphical User Interfaces)

X-WindowsGnomeKDE

Networking UtilitiesE-mail

Remote Access

Compatibility Utilitiesdosemu, wine


TopicsThe History of LINUX

LINUX Components


LINUX is NOT DOS


LINUX at Solano CollegeLinux on one main server

Windows based Telnet and FTP

School computers on Ethernetprimarily for Windows 2000 LAN

Can be used to access LINUX box using TCP/IP protocol which runs on ethernet


Lab ProceduresUse Accounting computer to ‘clock

in’ to the lab. (clock out when you leave)

Log on to Lan Win 7 workstation using default userid (CIS). No password.

Click on TELNET ICON within LINUX Group


Lab Procedures continuedInsure that the TELNET HOST address is

172.16.37.231 – Linux1 orLinux.bcs.solano.edu

Log in to Linux System using a userid of the form: ilastname where ii is your first initial and lastnamelastname is the 1st seven letters of your last name.

Initial password is your SCCID, BUT you should immediately set a password by using the passwd command


PrintingThere is one printer on the Linux

System, but it is only intended for instruction

Use SFTP to get files to your client micro or print them within the SFTP utility program (which uses Windows Notepad when you want to view a file)


Accounting Computer IssuesLINUX requires a lab.

Time collected on the accounting computer justifies funds for Solano CC’s lab

Students should put 16 hours per semester in the lab. Should be 1 Hr. per week. Must have a faculty person available before the attendance computer is turned on.


Accounting Computer loginKey in the last 4 digits of your SCCID

If more than one name comes up, select yours. (If you are a late add to the class, fill out a form that will be used to enter your name)

Select ‘starting session’ or ‘ending session’ on the next screen

Select class you are working on, if more than one.


Linux SpecificsLINUX is a UNIX clone freely distributed

by the GNU General Public License

Mostly POSIX.1 Compliant

Developed by Linus Torvalds ’95-6 at the University of Helsinki, Finland with assistance from many UNIX experts

SCC is using the REDHAT 9.0 distribution


TopicsThe History of LINUX

LINUX Components


LINUX is NOT DOS


UNIX IS NOT DOSJust a few of the DOS commands were

modeled after Unix (mkdir, rmdir)

Unix comes with a much larger group of utilities, with no standardization in syntax

Unix is much more powerful and complexmulti user, multitasking,

built in networking


Unix Is NOT DOSProgramming capability is included in

each of the shellsInput/output

selection (if, case)

looping (while, until)

signal trapping

use of Unix shell redirection and pipes

inclusion of any unix utility within a shell script

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