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1© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
Welcome to CIS 52
WELCOME
WELCOME
WELCOME
W E L C O M E
2© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
Introductions are in order
Your name
Something about yourself
Why are you taking this class?
What are your expectations?
3© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
TopicsIntroduction and History of UNIX
UNIX: LINUX Components
LINUX at Solano Community College
LINUX is NOT DOS
4© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
TopicsIntroduction and History of UNIX
UNIX: LINUX Components
LINUX at Solano Community College
LINUX is NOT DOS
5© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
The Heritage of UNIX: LINUXWhat was needed:
A system that could do more than one thing at a time. A multitasking system.
A system that could handle one or more users at a time. A multiuser system.
A system that could share selected data with others.
6© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
The Heritage of UNIX: LINUXBell Lab & MIT work on MULTICS
(60’s)
Bell Labs pull out of project (late 60’s)Ken Thompson with Bell Labs starts
work on UNIX using a PDP-7 from DEC.
Written in Assembler
7© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
The History of UNIXHistory (continued)
Second Version written in ‘B’
3 advantages:Multiuser Direct user to user communicationData and program sharing
Rewritten with Dennis Ritchie using ‘C’ language in 1973
8© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
UNIX Turning PointUNIX becomes widely available in 1975
Given to Colleges, including UC Berkeley
AT&T develops one branch of the UNIX familySystem III is first supported release in 1982
System V in the 90’s
UC Berkeley comes out with BSDBSD 4
9© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
One Idea: Two PathsATT Version
Sun’s Solaris 2.x
UNIXware (now part of SCO)
IRIX (Silicon Graphics)
HP-UX
BSD
Sunos 4.x
BSDi
Mach (Nextstep is also an extension of Mach)
Ultrix (from DEC)
10© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
Convergence AT&T V5R4Most Commercial Systems are
blending UNIX capabilities into a System V R4 ‘AT&T variant’ with BSD ideas and tools mixed in.
System Administration are generally Vendor Specific
LINUX is now the most famous version, and it is free.
11© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
The Search for StandardsPOSIX (Portable Operating System
Interface Definition)Defined by IEEE
Provides a baseline of compatibility for UNIX variants
Sited by large customers in procurements
SVID (System V Interface Definition)Defined by ATT (UNIX System Labs)
12© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
And yet More StandardsOSF (Open Software Foundation)
Chartered to define a UNIX like system independent of AT&T and SVID
OSF/1 shipped in 1990 based on Carnegie Mellons Mach Operating System
upwardly compatible with POSIX
XOPEN (International Consortium of UNIX vendors). Publishes Portability Guides
13© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
Introduction to UNIX using LINUX
LINUX: A Product of the INTERNETDeveloped by Linus Torvalds
Open Source and free distribution
UNIX work-alike
14© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
Open System ArchitectureSource code immediately available via the
INTERNET
Enhancements and extensions from all over the world.Incorporates features from UNIX BSD &
System V
Free, FREE, FREE (Hooray)
15© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
Sir LINUX the humorousUnlike its sibling UNIX with LINUX
humor aboundsIn LINUX less is more
Standard Text editor vi (for visual mode) is now vim (vi plus more)
joe – joe’s own editor(written by Joseph Allen)
16© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
What’s sooo good about LINUX?
Large selection of applications
Rapid support for peripheral devices
Multi-platform operating environments
Code is free for modification and distribution
17© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
It’s soooo GoodTwo trends:
Advances in hardware tecnologyFaster, Cheaper
Demise of Proprietary systemsbecause of rapidly changing hardware
LINUX is generic but UNIX is not
LINUX supports both user and server functions in one operating system.
18© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
TopicsThe History of UNIX : LINUX
UNIX: LINUX Components
LINUX at Solano Community College
LINUX is NOT DOS
19© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
Capabilities Overview
UNIX: LINUX as an Operating System
UNIX: LINUX as a programming and user tool
System Features
20© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
LINUX as an Operating SystemLike Any Operating System
LINUX provides:A File System
Process Control
Memory Management
Device Control
21© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
LINUX as an Operating System
22© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
LINUX As a ToolUser Interface (‘The Shell’)
Bourne
Korn (David Korn of AT&T)
C (Bill Joy at UCB)
bash ( Bourne again Shell)
and 4 zillion more
A Collection Of Utility Programs
A Philosophy of Programming
23© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
System FeaturesMulti User
Many users can be logged in simultaneously
Multi TaskingMany tasks can be executing simultaneously
User Selectable Command LanguagesMany “Shells” available
Hierarchical File System
24© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
Hierarchical File System
/Alice /Bobby /Carol
/home /tmp /bin
/(aka root)
System Features (cont.)
25© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
System Features (cont.)Compatible File, Device and
Interprocess I/O
Large Software Base
Highly Portable Kernel and Utilities
26© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
System Features (cont.)GUI’s (Graphical User Interfaces)
X-WindowsGnomeKDE
Networking UtilitiesE-mail
Remote Access
Compatibility Utilitiesdosemu, wine
27© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
TopicsThe History of LINUX
LINUX Components
LINUX at Solano Community College
LINUX is NOT DOS
28© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
LINUX at Solano CollegeLinux on one main server
Windows based Telnet and FTP
School computers on Ethernetprimarily for Windows 2000 LAN
Can be used to access LINUX box using TCP/IP protocol which runs on ethernet
29© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
Lab ProceduresUse Accounting computer to ‘clock
in’ to the lab. (clock out when you leave)
Log on to Lan Win 7 workstation using default userid (CIS). No password.
Click on TELNET ICON within LINUX Group
30© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
Lab Procedures continuedInsure that the TELNET HOST address is
172.16.37.231 – Linux1 orLinux.bcs.solano.edu
Log in to Linux System using a userid of the form: ilastname where ii is your first initial and lastnamelastname is the 1st seven letters of your last name.
Initial password is your SCCID, BUT you should immediately set a password by using the passwd command
31© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
PrintingThere is one printer on the Linux
System, but it is only intended for instruction
Use SFTP to get files to your client micro or print them within the SFTP utility program (which uses Windows Notepad when you want to view a file)
32© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
Accounting Computer IssuesLINUX requires a lab.
Time collected on the accounting computer justifies funds for Solano CC’s lab
Students should put 16 hours per semester in the lab. Should be 1 Hr. per week. Must have a faculty person available before the attendance computer is turned on.
33© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
Accounting Computer loginKey in the last 4 digits of your SCCID
If more than one name comes up, select yours. (If you are a late add to the class, fill out a form that will be used to enter your name)
Select ‘starting session’ or ‘ending session’ on the next screen
Select class you are working on, if more than one.
34© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
Linux SpecificsLINUX is a UNIX clone freely distributed
by the GNU General Public License
Mostly POSIX.1 Compliant
Developed by Linus Torvalds ’95-6 at the University of Helsinki, Finland with assistance from many UNIX experts
SCC is using the REDHAT 9.0 distribution
35© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
TopicsThe History of LINUX
LINUX Components
LINUX at Solano Community College
LINUX is NOT DOS
36© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
UNIX IS NOT DOSJust a few of the DOS commands were
modeled after Unix (mkdir, rmdir)
Unix comes with a much larger group of utilities, with no standardization in syntax
Unix is much more powerful and complexmulti user, multitasking,
built in networking
37© 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.
Unix Is NOT DOSProgramming capability is included in
each of the shellsInput/output
selection (if, case)
looping (while, until)
signal trapping
use of Unix shell redirection and pipes
inclusion of any unix utility within a shell script