welcome

wk¶K cwiwPwZ

‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i

cÖfvlK‰fie Av`k© K‡jR

wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|

K‡qKwU ‡gŠj

N a H L i

Z n F e

C r C uK

F r

C s

R b

C a

P

A r

C l

S i

C

‡gŠj ¸wji †Kvb web¨vm †bB|

wPÎ †_‡K †gŠj¸wji ag© ejv m¤¢e bq|

‡gŠj¸wj †Kvb cÖKvi eÜb MVb Ki‡e ejv m¤¢e bq|

‡gŠ‡ji B‡jKUªb web¨vm

• H1 = 1s1

• He2 = 1s2

• Li3 = 1s22s1

• Be4 = 1s2 2s2

• B5 = 1s22s22p1

• Sc21 = 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d1

‡gŠ‡ji B‡jKUªb web¨vm †_‡K †`Lv hvq wewfbœ AiweUv‡j wM‡q যে�মন (s, p, d,--) B‡jKUªb †kl nq|

B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi Dci wfwË K‡i †gŠj¸wj‡K †kªYx wef³ Kiv n‡”Q|

‡kªYx¸‡jv‡K wewfbœ iO Øviv c„_K Kiv n‡q‡Q|

G‡`i †gvU PviwU †kªYx‡Z fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q|

cvV wk‡ivbvg

B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi wfwˇZ †gŠ‡ji †kªYxwefvM

wb‡`©wkZ D‡Ïk¨/wkLb dj

1| ‡gŠ‡ji †kªYx wefvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

2| wewfbœ †kªYxi ˆewkó¨ ej‡Z cvi‡e |

3| wewfbœ †kªYxi †gŠ‡ji

D`vniY w`‡Z cvi‡e|

B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi Dci wfwË K‡i †gŠj¸wj‡K Pvi fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq

1. s-block †gŠj2. p-block †gŠj3. d-block †gŠj4. f-block †gŠj

‡gŠ‡ji †kªYxwefvM

s-block †gŠj ‡h me †gŠ‡ji cigvYyi B‡jKUªb

web¨v‡m †kl B‡jKUªbwU s AiweUv‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i , Zv‡`i‡K s- block †gŠj e‡j| s-block Element

Example : S-Block element

Bnv s-block †gŠj

Bnvi B‡jKUªb msL¨v 11

Bnvi B‡jKUªb web¨vm = 1s22s22p63s1Sodium (Na)

s -block ‡gŠ‡ji ‰ewkó¨

1| ch©vq mviwYi MÖ“c IA, IIA Ges k~b¨ MÖ“‡ci He nj s-block †gŠj|

2| s-e K †gŠj †gvU 14 wU|

3| Giv LyeB mwµq|

p- block †gŠj t ‡h me †gŠ‡ji cigvYyi B‡jKUªb web¨v‡m

†kl B‡jKUªbwU p AiweUv‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i , Zv‡`i‡K p block †gŠj e‡j|

p-block Element

Example : P-Block element

Bnv p-block †gŠj

Bnvi B‡jKUªb msL¨v 82

Bnvi B‡jKUªb web¨vm = 1s22s22p63s23p6

3d104s24p64d10

4f145s25p65d106s2 6p2LEAD (Pb)

p- block ‡gŠ‡ji ‰ewkó¨

1| ch©vq mviwYi MÖ“c IIIA, IVA ,VA, VIA,VIIA, Ges k~b¨ MÖ“‡ci He e¨wZZ Ab¨ me wbw¯Œq M¨vm nj p- block †gŠj|

2| p- block †gŠj †gvU 30 wU3| G‡`i wKQz avZz, wKQz DcavZz Ges evwK¸‡jv AavZz|

d- block †gŠj t ‡h me †gŠ‡ji cigvYyi B‡jKUªb web¨v‡m †kl

B‡jKUªbwU d AiweUv‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i , Zv‡`i‡K d e K †gŠj e‡j|

d-Block Element

Example : d-Block element

Bnv d-block †gŠj

Bnvi B‡jKUªb msL¨v 80

Bnvi B‡jKUªb web¨vm = 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s2

4p64d104f145s25p66s25d10

d - block ‡gŠ‡ji ‰ewkó¨ 1| ch©vq mviwYi MÖ“c IB, IIB, IIIB, IVB ,VB,

VIB,VIIB, Ges VIII MÖ“‡ci †gŠj nj d- block †gŠj|

2| ch©vq mviwYi s I p- block †gŠ‡ji gvSLv‡b G‡`i Ae¯’vb|

3| Giv mevB avZz|4| GB e KwU GLbI A¯ú~Y©

5| hw` †Kvb d- block †gŠ‡ji Avq‡bi B‡jKUªb web¨v‡m d-AiweUvj AvswkK c~Y© _v‡K Z‡e Hme d- block †gŠj n‡”Q Ae¯’všÍi †gŠj|

f- block †gŠj t ‡h me †gŠ‡ji cigvYyi B‡jKUªb web¨v‡m †kl

B‡jKUªbwU f AiweUv‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i , Zv‡`i‡K f block †gŠj e‡j|

F-Block Element

Example : f-Block element

Bnv f-block †gŠj

Bnvi B‡jKUªb msL¨v 92

Bnv cÖK…wZ‡Z cÖvß me‡_‡K fvix †gŠjURANIUM (U)

f blockf block ‡gŠ‡ji ‰ewkó¨ ‡gŠ‡ji ‰ewkó¨

1| j¨vš’vbvg cieZ©x 14wU †gŠj Ges A¨vKwUwbqvg cieZ©x 14wU †gŠj GB e ‡Ki AšÍ©fz³|

2| G‡`i MÖ“c me mg‡qi Rb¨ IIIB3| Giv j¨vš’¨vbvBW I

A¨vKwUbvBW bv‡g cwiwPZ|

`jMZ KvR

U92 Gi B‡jKUªb web¨vm Ki|

Na11, Ca20, Cu29 Gi B‡jKUªb web¨vm Ki Ges 2wU K‡i ˆewkó¨ wjL|

evwoi KvR

• d-block ‡gŠj I Ae¯’vš—i †gŠ‡ji g‡a¨ cv_©K¨|

• nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi Ae¯’vb m¤ú‡K© Rvbv|

mn‡hvMxZv Kivi Rb¨ Avন্তwiKfv‡e ab¨ev`