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WELL
NES
SP
OS
I TI V
E P
SY
CH
OL O
GY
& T
HE
HO
LI S
TI C
AP
PR
OA
CH
Adam SchwartzCPS-510Dr. O’Brien
Sweeney/Myers Indivisible Self ModelBronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Model
ALL CLIENTS EXIST AS…
• People in relation (to others)• People within a Community• Individuals in a Social Context
Not Primarily As An Individual Afflicted with A Pathology
WHY WELLNESS SHOULD MATTER TO COUNSELORS
A M E R I C A N C O U N S E L I N G A S S O C . ‘ 0 3
“What makes professional counselors unique from their peers in other mental health disciplines is their , ‘wellness,’ orientation. While trained to understand pathology and mental illness, professional counselors take a preventative approach to helping people and are trained to use counseling treatment interventions, which include principles of development, wellness, and pathology that reflect a pluralistic society.”
C O U N S E L I N G C O N C E R N S A N D I S S U E S
• Mental disorders
• Addiction
• Lifestyle Concerns
• Family Issues
• Career Issues
• Crises Intervention
• Grief and Loss
• Personal Growth
Gladding & Newsome.(2010). Clinical Mental Health Counseling in Community and Agency Settings. Pearson Ed., PressPgs. (25-29)
WELLNESS IS AN ACTIVE PROCESS OF BECOMING AWARE OF AND MAKING CHOICES TOWARD A MORE SUCCESSFUL EXISTENCE.
http://definitionofwellness.com/
REFRAMING THE LANGUAGE OF HELPING
Use of The Strength and Resource Oriented Model
Story - Positive Asset - Restory – Action
• Exploration of Concerns
• Recognition of client resources and strengths
• Reframing a strategy for change
• Putting this strategy into action
Represents a shift away from the
Pathology model of Counseling
SOCIAL CONTEXTS (EXTERNAL MODEL)
Individual
Local – Family, Neighborhood, & Community
Institutional – Education, Religion Government, Business
Global – Politics, Culture, Global Events, Media, EnvironmentChronometrical – Perpetual, Positive, Purposeful
Illustrates the ways in which the individual relates proximally within the confines and contexts of his/her environment and culture in order to either develop increased or diminished wellness.
Sweeney and Myers. (2004). Developing Strategies for Helpers (2nd Ed., pp. 39-68). Amherst, MA; Mircotraining.
BIOECOLOGICAL MODELCOMBINING INTERNAL LIFESTYLE COMPONENTS WITH EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT INFLUENCES
Individual
Microsystem
Mesosystem
Most Immediate influences upon Individual
Microsystems effect each Other within the Mesosystem
Exosystem
Indirect Influence (i.e. Spouses discontentment at work)
Macrosystem
Influence of cultural mores and norms
Chronosystem- The interplay and Change of the other four systems within a lifespan.
Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Model
SWEENEY AND MYERS (2004) INDIVISIBLE SELF MODEL
The Indivisibl
e Self
The Creative Self (Cognition, Emotion, Vocation)
The Coping Self
(Leisure, Self-Worth,
Beliefs)
The Social Self
(Friendship, Love)
The Essential
Self (Spiritual, Gender, Cultural, Self Care)
The Physical
Self (Exercise, Nutrition)
Illustrates the ways in which the intra-personal self, the self in relation to others, the self within the community, and the self within a social context indivisibly unite in order to establish a sense of wellness along a continuum.
Sweeney and Myers. (2004). Developing Strategies for Helpers (2nd Ed., pp. 39-68). Amherst, MA; Mircotraining
Poor Physical Health
Poor Emotional Health
Poor Social Health
Poor Intellectual
Health
Poor Vocational
Health
Poor Spiritual Health
Individual With Low Degree of Wellness
A Hypothetical Wellness InterventionChanging One Facet of Wellness to Facilitate Change in The Indivisible Self
StoryStrength & Resource Model
WELLNESS INTERVENTION- PHYSICAL
Strategy• Referral to a nutritionist• Implementation of 20 minutes moderate walking on five or more days/week• Decrease in stimulant use and improved sleep hygiene
Improved Nutrition
Increased
Exercise
Better Quality of
Sleep
Physical Wellness
Improvement
Positive Asset
CHANGING THE ROLE OF EXERCISE, NUTRITION, AND SLEEP IN WELLNESS
H I G H D I E TA R Y FAT A N D C A L O R I E C O N S U M P T I O N A N D I N C O N S I S T E N T E X E R C I S E W I T H P O O R S L E E P H A B I T S
1. Raised blood Pressure and Heart Disease.
2. Links to Cancers such as Breast and Colon
3. Obesity and Type II Diabetes
4. Liver and Gallbladder disease
5. Sleep and Digestive Disorders
M O D E R AT E D I E TA R Y FAT C O N S U M P T I O N A N D R E G U L A R
( 5 X ’ S / W E E K LY ) E X E R C I S E W I T H I M P R O V E D S L E E P H Y G I E N E
1. Limitation of Respiratory Illness
2. Improved Immunology
3. Reduced risks for certain Cancers , Heart Disease, and Diabetes
4. Reduced stress, anxiety, and depression through release of Endorphins (Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Serotonin)
Berk. (2008). Exploring Lifespan Development. Pearson Ed., PressPgs. (345-348)
PAYOFFS WITHIN THE INDIVISIBLE SELF
Improved Physical
Health Habits
Improved Emotional
Health
Improved Intellectual
health
Through regular release of endorphinsand improved self-image.
Through empowerment, Improved cognition, andIncreased focus.
Through cognition not dictated by emotion andThrough emotions based on more reasoned and constructive thought.
CASCADING EFFECT WITHIN THE WELLNESS WHEEL
Improved Physical Health
Poor Spiritual Health
Improved Intellectual
Health
Poor Social Health
Improved Emotional
Health
Poor Vocational
Health
Restory
EFFECTS ON VOCATIONAL, SOCIAL, AND ESSENTIAL SELVES WHICH ARE INDIVISIBLE PARTS OF THE WHOLE
Improved Physical Health
Improving Vocational
Health
Improved Intellectual
Health
Improving Social Health
Improved Emotional
health
Improving Essential Health
Through better ability to relate to others interpersonally.
Through better decision making & increased productivity.
Through increased optimism and increasing comfort with emotions.
Action
RESTORATION TO PERSONAL WELLNESS
HYPOTHETICAL CASE SUMMARY
• Able to improve all areas contributing to wellness by intervening in a single area. Intervening In more than one area would most likely yield even faster tangible results.
• Area we chose to intervene in was arbitrary. Could have intervened intellectually using REBT, or emotionally using stress reduction and coping techniques.
• We worked from the individual outward, could have looked at outside sources contributing to limited wellness such as career dissatisfaction, marital issues, or existential angst and made an appropriate intervention using the corresponding counseling or therapy.
• Once one or more areas improves the cascading effect should have been similar, regardless of the starting point.
THE W
ELLNESS M
ODEL
A sad
sou
l can
kill
you
quic
ker t
han a
germ
.
~John S
tein
beck
The
part c
an n
ever
be
wel
l unle
ss
the
whol
e is w
ell.
~Plato
In a
dis
order
ed m
ind, a
s in
a
disor
dered
bod
y, s
oundnes
s of
health
is im
possi
ble. ~
Cicer
o
Sweeney and Myers. (2004). Developing Strategies for Helpers (2nd Ed., pp. 39-68). Amherst, MA; Mircotraining
Berk. (2008). Exploring Lifespan Development. Pearson Ed., PressPgs. (345-348)
Gladding & Newsome.(2010). Clinical Mental Health Counseling in Community and Agency Settings. Pearson Ed., PressPgs. (25-29)
Sources Cited