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WHAT IS ETHICS?

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ETYMOLOGY (ORIGIN) OF THEWORD ‘ETHICS’?

• Moral  DERIVES FROM THE LATIN WORD 

moralis;

•  THE ANCIENT ROMAN PHILOSOPHER, CICERO

(106 BC – 43 BC) USED THE TERM m!"#$% &

&!"'%#"& & A'*$'& +! -!. ethicos. 

• B& &$*% "'. m!"#$&/ !#/ m"'

 pertaining to character 2

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SOME E DEFINITIONS

• E&$*% $% & %&./ 5 %&$'%"7& -"& $% m!"##/ !$& "'.-!'2

• E&$*% "! m!"# 7#$5% "7& !$&"'. -!'2

8Collins Cobuild English Dictionary 

• E&$*% $% " %*$'* &"& ."#% -$&m!"#%2

  8Oxford Advanced learners’Dictionary 

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SOME E DEFINITIONS

• E&$*% "! m!"# 7#$5% "'. !#%"7& !$& "'. -!'2

8Collins Advanced earners’Dictionary 

•  T 9$#%9$*"# %&./ 5 m!"#:"#% "'. !#%2

•  T %&./ 5 9!$'*$9#% !#"&$' &!$& "'. -!' *'.*&; m!"#$&/2

!"#$o $eb de%nitions&

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W"& $% &$*%?

• E&$*% $% & 7!"'* 5 9$#%9/&"& 5*%% ' m!"#$&/ "'. & -"/$' -$* m!"# 9!$'*$9#% "! "99#$.

& :!/."/ #$52 E&$*% "% & .-$& 5'."m'&"# %&$'% %* "%

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F"*&!% I''*$' E&$*%

Fellow Workers

Family

Friends

The Law

Regions of

Country

Profession

Employer 

Society at Large

Fellow Workers

Religious

Beliefs

The Individual

Conscience

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The Relationshi !et"een La"an# Ethi$s

•  T #"- $% "' @9!%%$' 5 & &$*"#7#$5% 5 ! %*$&/2

• L"- "'. &$*% "! '& & %"m &$'2

 T %&$',

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E&$*% "'. & L"-

• L"- 5&' !9!%'&% "' &$*"#m$'$mm

• E&$*% 5&' !9!%'&% " %&"'."!.&"& @*.% & #"# m$'$mm

Ethics Law

Freuent !"erlap

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EAMPLES OF LE+AL BUT

UNETHICAL ACTS

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EAMPLES OF LE+AL BUT UNETHICALACTS•

A7!&$' $' %m *'&!$%• S#":!/ !m"$'. #"# $' USA (5! 0

/"!%)

• A9"!&$.(!"*$"# .$%*!$m$'"&$') $' S&

A5!$*" (0 /"!%)• S$'#8*$#. 5"m$#/ $' C$'" (!*'/ !#"@.

& )

• I'&!%&87"%. 7"'$' $' M%#$m *'&!$%

• E&"'"%$" "%%$%&. %$*$. $' %m*'&!$% (L@m7!, N&!#"'.%, $' 3 USS&"&%)

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EAMPLES OF ETHICAL BUTILLE+AL ACTS

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EAMPLES OF ETHICAL BUT ILLE+ALACTS• F.$' " '!/ 9!$%'!858-"! - "%

7' %'&'*. & m$'$mm !"&$'%2

• A' I'*m T"@ *! 9!9%#/:!#$' " &"@ !!! 5! " './ 5"m$#/2

•  A 9%/*#$%& ! 9/%$*$"' - 7!"%*'G.'&$"#$&/ $' !.! & %!: & *"%5 >%&$*2

• P!"*&$%$' '% !#$$' $' " 9#"* -! $&$% $##"#2

• C-$' m $' S$'"9!?

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WHAT IS ETHICSJ?

• ETHICS CAN BE COMPLE,PERPLEIN+ AND AT TIMESCONTROVERSIAL2

•   ET IT IS SOMETHIN+ WITH WHICHALL OF US (INCLUDIN+ OUN+

CHILDREN) HAVE A WORIN+FAMILIARIT2

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UNDERSTANDIN+ ETHICS

• PEOPLE ACKUIRE ETHICAL NORMS INDIFFERENT SOCIAL SETTIN+S( HOME,SCHOOL, CHURCH, MOSKUE ETC)

• MORAL DEVELPOMENT OCCURS THROU+HOUT LIFE2

• BECAUSE OF THEIR UNIVERSALIT,ETHICAL NORMS MA BE RE+ARDEDAS SIMPLE COMMONSENSE

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UNDERSTANDIN+ ETHICS

•IN MOST SOCIETIES, LE+AL RULES+OVERN BEHAVIOUR

• ETHICAL NORMS TEND TO BE BROADERAND MORE INFORMAL

• MOST SOCIETIES USE LAWS TOENFORCE WIDEL ACCEPTED MORALSTANDARDS2

• ETHICAL CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLESCAN BE USED TO CRITICISE, EVALUATEOR INTERPRET LAWS2