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WISEBED - Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds
Experimentation on the WISEBED WSN Testbed Platform
Daniel Bimschas Institute of Telematics, University of Lübeck [email protected] http://www.itm.uni-luebeck.de
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Goals of Today’s Tutorial
n After this tutorial you should:
§ Be able to run and script experiments on the WISEBED testbed platform,
§ Have basic knowledge about APIs and client applications, and
§ Find all necessary documentation
n During the talk:
§ Please install and boot the WISEBED Virtual Machine (from DVD!) or
§ Install the Experimentation Scripts (Linux / Mac OS X)
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WISEBED - Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds
WISEBED New Website
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
New Website
n New website launched last Friday: http://wisebed.eu/
n More user-centric § Clients / Libraries / Documentation § Development Tools § Community (join the mailing lists!) § …
n Sign up for a WISEBED testbed account online: http://wisebed.eu/site/index.php/register/
n Send us your Feedback
§ Did you like the site? Why? § Did you find everything you were looking for? What was missing? § Got ideas for improvement? Tell us!
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WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Outline
1. Overview § Available Sensor Nodes § Testbed Architecture § Terms
2. Client Applications § Web-based § Desktop-based
3. Web Service APIs 4. Live Presentation 5. Experimentation Hands-On 6. Advanced Topics (Outlook)
§ Cross-Platform Application Development with the Wiselib § Run your own Testbed § Virtual Testbeds
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WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Available Sensor Nodes
n Snapshot from 20. September 2011
n Distributed across 9 testbeds § For an up-to-date snapshot see:
http://wisebed.itm.uni-luebeck.de/wiseui-beta/ § Next week: extension by 144 nodes planned (iSense, TelosB, Pacemate)
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WISEBED - Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds
WISEBED Testbed Architecture Overview
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
WISEBED Virtual Unifying Laboratory 8
WISEBED Federation
ULANC
TUD TUBS
FUB
UZL
UNIGE
UBERN
UPC
CTI
Web Services on the Portal Server
Portal Servers at each WISEBED Site
Each Partner maintains its own testbed with different hardware equipment and setup
Users connect to a single testbed directly using a Web service API
Users connect to the federated testbed using the same Web service API
Add simulated nodes to the mix
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Terms
n Portal Server § Exposes a testbed via Web services
n Gateway § Sensor nodes are attached to the gateways § Typically
- the same machine as the Portal Server, or - some other machine with IP-connectivity to the Portal Server - Clock-synchronized using the Network Time Protocol (NTP)
n Federator § Connects two or more Portal Servers § Exposes them as one testbed (using the same API) § Used for testbed virtualization (more on that later!)
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WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Terms
n Sensor Node URN § Addressing of nodes using a Uniform Resource Identifier (URN) § Example: “urn:wisebed:uzl1:0x1234“ § URN suffix corresponds with the MAC address of the node (0x1234)
n URN prefix § Identifier for a testbed § Example: “urn:wisebed:testbeduzl:” § Each Portal Server is responsible for one or more URN prefixes § All nodes inside this testbed have the same common prefix
n WiseML § XML dialect to describe testbed configurations, topologies and
experiment traces
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WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
A Typical Testbed Architecture 11
Federator Experimenter 1
Experimenter 2
Gateways
Portal Server
Gateways
Portal Server
Serial (USB) connections
LAN
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
The Lübeck Testbed
n 164 sensor nodes in total § 54 iSense § 54 Telos B § 54 Pacemates
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WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
The Lübeck Testbed
n Distributed over all rooms of the Institute
Screenshot: SpyGlass - a modular and extensible visualization framework for WSNs
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WISEBED - Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds
WISEBED Web-based Client Applications
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Web Clients - TARWIS
n http://wisebed.eu/site/index.php/conduct-experiments/web-clients/tarwis/
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WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Web Clients - TARWIS
n Great tool for basic usage scenarios (e.g. reserve, deploy, execute, analyze)
n Allows to preconfigure and schedule experiments for automatic execution
n Disadvantages: § No scripting § No interaction with running experiments § Performance issues when experiments generate lots of output
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WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Web Clients - WiseUI
n http://wisebed.eu/site/index.php/conduct-experiments/web-clients/wiseui/
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WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Web Clients - WiseUI
n Expected to become the standard user interface
n Currently under heavy development
n Beta version available § Only limited (basic) functionality § No scheduling, scripting § http://wisebed.itm.uni-luebeck.de/wiseui-beta/
n Useful for reservation and testbeds overview
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WISEBED - Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds
WISEBED Desktop Client Applications
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Desktop Clients - SpyGlass 20
n A modular and extensible visualization framework for WSNs n http://wisebed.eu/site/index.php/conduct-experiments/desktop-clients/spyglass/
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Desktop Clients – Experimentation Scripts 21
n A set of command line scripts to execute, control and interact with your experiment
n http://wisebed.eu/site/index.php/conduct-experiments/desktop-clients/experimentation-scripts/
n Allows you to § “Program” your experiments § E.g. explore parameter space § Automatically repeat experiments § Programmatically analyze, convert and process output of nodes
n How does it work? § Scripts written in the Java programming language (BeanShell interpreter) § Executed from the command line § Like all clients they use the WISEBED Web Service APIs
WISEBED - Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds
WISEBED Web Service APIs Basics
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
The WISEBED Testbed APIs
n SNAA: Sensor Network Authentication and Authorization API
n Facade in front of the single sign-on system Shibboleth n Supports other authentication/authorization frameworks, too
n http://wisebed.eu/api/java/current/reference/eu/wisebed/api/snaa/SNAA.html n http://wisebed.eu/api/wsdl/snaa/current/
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RS SNAA Session Management WSN WSN WSN WSN Controller
iWS
N
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
The WISEBED Testbed APIs
n RS: Reservation System API
n Provides basic operations for reservations n Different implementations in use (Google Calendar, JPA, ...)
§ http://wisebed.eu/api/java/current/reference/eu/wisebed/api/rs/RS.html § http://wisebed.eu/api/wsdl/rs/current/
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RS SNAA Session Management WSN WSN WSN WSN Controller
iWS
N
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
The WISEBED Testbed APIs
n Controller API
n Runs on client side n „Controls“ the experiment n Receives output and backend notifications
§ http://wisebed.eu/api/java/current/reference/eu/wisebed/api/controller/Controller.html § http://wisebed.eu/api/wsdl/iwsn/current/
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RS SNAA Session Management WSN WSN WSN WSN Controller
iWS
N
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
The WISEBED Testbed APIs
n Session Management API
n Provides method to static testbed (configuration) information n Provides access to the reserved nodes (via getInstance())
§ http://wisebed.eu/api/java/current/reference/eu/wisebed/api/sm/SessionManagement.html § http://wisebed.eu/api/wsdl/iwsn/current/
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RS SNAA Session Management WSN WSN WSN WSN Controller
iWS
N
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
The WISEBED Testbed APIs
n WSN: Wireless Sensor Network API (selection of methods!)
n Provides methods to § Interact with sensor nodes (flash, reset, send messages, …) § Configure the backend system (more on that later!)
§ http://wisebed.eu/api/java/current/reference/eu/wisebed/api/wsn/WSN.html § http://wisebed.eu/api/wsdl/iwsn/current/
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RS SNAA Session Management WSN WSN WSN WSN Controller
iWS
N
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Interaction of the APIs - Client Perspective 28
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+@AA*/0123345#"6"785-.89)5:;9"6"<=87"2>>?B3#)&&*
5C+@*+"##5()*D&)&E".")-*/0123345#"6"785-.89)5:;9"6"<=87"2>>>>3#"##5()#*
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)NO8*#/9-7(4)*C+@*5)#-&)<"*
P""76&<=*</&))";*
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Interaction of the APIs – Backend Perspective 29
isAuthorized()
User SNAA RS Session Management
authenticate()
secretAuthenticationKeys
makeReservation()
reply
secretReservationKeys
getInstance()
getReservation()
reservationData
Private WSN API endpoint URL WSN
<<create>>
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Live Presentation
n Experimentation Scripts
n Pre-installed in the WISEBED Virtual Machine http://wisebed.eu/site/index.php/application-development/virtual-machine/
n Download 0.7.3-SNAPSHOT http://www.itm.uni-luebeck.de/projects/testbed-runtime-htdocs/tr.experimentation-scripts-0.7.3-SNAPSHOT.tar.gz
n Documentation https://github.com/itm/testbed-runtime/wiki/Experimentation-Scripts-0.7.3
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WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Live Presentation
1. List node URNs of type „isense“ wb-list-node-urns testbeds/uzl.properties lines isense export NODES=…"
2. Reserve nodes (20 minutes, starting from now) wb-reserve testbeds/uzl.properties 20 0 $NODES export RESERVATION=…"
3. Check liveliness wb-are-nodes-alive testbeds/uzl.properties $RESERVATION"
4. Listen to node output wb-listen testbeds/uzl.properties $RESERVATION "
5. Reset nodes wb-reset testbeds/uzl.properties $RESERVATION "
6. Flash nodes wb-flash testbeds/uzl.properties $RESERVATION binary-images/example_app.bin
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WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Live Presentation 32
WISEBED - Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds
WISEBED Web Service APIs Advanced Stuff
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
The Channel Pipeline
n Problem: § Every sensor node operating system uses a different message framing
n Examples: § TinyOS: Raw or HdlcTranslateC (HDLC-based framing) § iSense: Raw or DLE STX ... DLE ETX (HDLC-like framing) § Your experimental OS: ?
n Testbed backend can only forward raw bytes to clients
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WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
The Channel Pipeline
n Configurable preprocessing of node output in the backend
35
Sensor Node
Client
Downstream Upstream
Upstream Handler N
Upstream Handler N-1
Upstream Handler 1
…
Downstream Handler 1
…
Downstream Handler N
Downstream Handler N-1
Channel Pipeline
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
The Channel Pipeline 36
n Example configurations:
Sensor Node
Client
Downstream Upstream
Raw Bytes = Empty Channel Pipeline
Sensor Node
Client
Downstream Upstream
DleStxEtxFramingDecoder DleStxEtxFramingEncoder
Messages = Framing / Deframing Handlers
DLE STX hell o world DLE ETX
hello world
DLE STX hell o world DLE ETX
hello world
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
The Channel Pipeline 37
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Live Presentation 38
WISEBED - Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds
WISEBED Hands-On Session
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Hands-On Session
1. List node URNs of type „isense“ on UZL testbed (wb-list-node-urns) Only 1 node!!!
2. Reserve nodes (60 minutes, starting from now) (wb-reserve)
3. Check liveliness (wb-are-nodes-alive) 4. Listen to node output (wb-listen)"5. Reset nodes (wb-reset)"6. Flash nodes (wb-flash) 7. Set an empty channel pipeline
(set-channel-pipeline) 8. Set a DleStxEtx channel pipeline
(wb-set-channel-pipeline)
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WISEBED - Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds
WISEBED Advanced Topics (Outlook)
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
42 Wiselib: Platform-independent algorithms
n Library of algorithms (like the C++ STL) § Platform-independent (the Java of WSNs) § Avoid vendor lock-in § 60+ well-known algorithms implemented § Template-based, highly efficient (low footprint)
n Growing community of contributors § Benefit from others, contribute for others
n Preinstalled in the Virtual Machine
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WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Current Set of Algorithms 43
Routing DSDV, DSR, Tree, Flood, TORA, AODV, …
Clustering BFS, DFS, LEACH, …
Timesync Flash Mob, LTS, TPSN, HRTS, …
Localization Triangulation, Ad-hoc Positioning, N-hop Multilateration, Robust Positioning, GPS-free Positioning, …
Energy Saving LMST, FLSS, Kneigh, XTC, CBTC, Ant-based, …
Security SecureHDL, SecureDFS, AES, Elliptic Curve, SHA-1, HARPS, …
Graph Algorithms DDFS, DBFS, TwoHop, Judged, MultiJudged, ParMultiJudged, …
Virtual Links For wired and wireless testbeds
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Wiselib: Supported Platforms OS Radio Timer Logging Clock Serial Random
Contiki þ þ þ þ þ þ
TinyOS þ þ þ þ þ þ
iSense þ þ þ þ þ þ þ
ScatterWeb þ þ þ þ
Feuerware þ þ þ þ
TriSOS þ þ þ þ þ
Shawn þ þ þ þ þ þ þ
Linux þ þ þ þ þ þ
Android þ þ þ þ
iOS þ þ þ þ
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Run your own Testbed
n All WISEBED implementations (back-/frontend) are Open Source!
n http://wisebed.eu/site/index.php/run-your-own-testbed
n Reference implementation: Testbed Runtime n Run it at your desk n Run it with your local (private) testbed n Run it in a federation
n Separate implementations of APIs (for flexibility) n Authentication & Authorization (SNAA)
n Htpasswd, Shibolleth, LDAP, … n Reservation (RS)
n Google Calendar, Java Persistence API, … n Experimentation (iWSN)
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WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Virtual Links - Introduction 46
TS VL VL
VL
VL
VL
TS VL
VL
VL
VL
VL
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Virtual Links
n Virtual radio is used by the application instead of the physical one § For every packet that passes through it decides depending on the
destination ID § To drop it/alter it § To forward it via one or all interfaces
47
Application uses special „virtual radio“ interface
(implemented, e.g., in the Wiselib )
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Virtual Links
n Virtual links between § Same testbed § Remote
testbeds § Real and
simulated testbeds
n Virtual radio forwards packets to the testbeds server
n Testbed server routes messages to the destination
48
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Dancing Demo
n http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J0F7LFIpDe8
49
WISEBED – Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds – http://wisebed.eu
Summary
1. Overview § Available Sensor Nodes § Testbed Architecture § Terms
2. Client Applications § Web-based § Desktop-based
3. Web Service APIs 4. Live Presentation 5. Experimentation Hands-On 6. Advanced Topics (Outlook)
§ Cross-Platform Application Development with the Wiselib § Run your own Testbed § Virtual Testbeds
50