Wolfango Plastino Department of Physics - University of Roma Tre, Italy Geophysical measurements...

Wolfango PlastinoWolfango Plastino

Department of Physics - University of Roma Tre, ItalyDepartment of Physics - University of Roma Tre, Italy

Geophysical measurementsGeophysical measurements

ILIASILIASSecond Meeting of Low Background Activity J1Second Meeting of Low Background Activity J1

Modane- January 12Modane- January 12thth 2005 2005



ERMESERMESEnvironmental Radioactivity Monitoring for Earth SciencesEnvironmental Radioactivity Monitoring for Earth Sciences

Scientific topicsScientific topics

•Radiocarbon and tritium measurements Radiocarbon and tritium measurements

(Radiodating Laboratory)(Radiodating Laboratory)

•Radon groundwater monitoringRadon groundwater monitoring

(Environmental and geophysical monitoring of the Gran Sasso (Environmental and geophysical monitoring of the Gran Sasso aquifer)aquifer)

•Development and characterization of new detectors for Development and characterization of new detectors for nuclear spectrometry of environmental radioactivity.nuclear spectrometry of environmental radioactivity.

SampleSample CountCount raterate CountCount errorerror Modern Modern Modern Modern EffEff FMFM fMfM TmaxTmax

activityactivity activityactivity errorerror

cpmcpm cpmcpm dpmdpm dpmdpm %% BPBP

L1AL1A 0.2780.278 0.0220.022

H1AH1A 12.94912.949 0.1480.148 8.8538.853 0.0880.088 80.9380.93 25531.50325531.503 1717 4820048200

L1AL1A 0.0590.059 0.0100.010

H1AH1A 12.28212.282 0.1440.144 8.5408.540 0.0940.094 76.7676.76 99734.00099734.000 3535 5400054000

L3AL3A 0.3980.398 0.0260.026

H3AH3A 39.14039.140 0.2570.257 27.06827.068 0.1610.161 83.2883.28 17419.10417419.104 4343 5590055900

L3AL3A 0.1500.150 0.0160.016

H3AH3A 38.23538.235 0.2540.254 26.60926.609 0.1660.166 81.3581.35 44052.58744052.587 6969 5960059600

L5AL5A 0.6550.655 0.0330.033

H5AH5A 65.20665.206 0.3320.332 45.10145.101 0.2090.209 83.6083.60 10676.86510676.865 5757 5800058000

L5AL5A 0.2350.235 0.0200.020

H5AH5A 63.87463.874 0.3280.328 44.46444.464 0.2150.215 81.8981.89 28580.86728580.867 9292 6190061900



Plastino Plastino et al.et al., Radiocarbon, 2001, Radiocarbon, 2001

Plastino & Kaihola, Radiocarbon, Plastino & Kaihola, Radiocarbon, 20042004

RadiocarbonRadiocarbon

Also cited in:Also cited in:

Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis (2003), Edited by Michael F. (2003), Edited by Michael F. L’Annunziata, Academic Press, p. 538 L’Annunziata, Academic Press, p. 538 (Chapter 6. Environmental Liquid (Chapter 6. Environmental Liquid Scintillation Analysis).Scintillation Analysis).

Forewords byForewords byDr Mohamed M. ElBaradei (Director Dr Mohamed M. ElBaradei (Director General, International Atomic Energy General, International Atomic Energy Agency)Agency)Prof. Dr Werner Burkart (Deputy Prof. Dr Werner Burkart (Deputy Director General, International Atomic Director General, International Atomic Energy Agency)Energy Agency)





TritiumTritium

Plastino Plastino et al.et al., Geophys. Res. Lett., submitted, Geophys. Res. Lett., submitted

Radon

Analysis of the correlations between the radon groundwater variations with the strain processes of the rock and transport properties related to the groundwater geochemistry

© © United States Geological United States Geological SurveySurvey

HeHeRnRnRaRa 44

22222222

8686226226

8888

The emanating power of rocks is defined as the ratio between the amount of radon escaping from the solid matrix and that produced by radioactive decay.

Radium decay involves the release of the excess energy which is shared between the particle which forms (98.1%), and the new radon atom.



Boni Boni et alet al., Mem. Soc. Geol. It., 1986





Plastino Plastino et al.et al., Earth Planet. Int., Earth Planet. Int.

Plastino Plastino et al.et al., Earth Planet. Int., Earth Planet. Int.



© © W. Aeschbach-Hertig, University of W. Aeschbach-Hertig, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg





Plastino & Bella, Geophys. Res. Lett., Plastino & Bella, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20012001



Plastino Plastino et al.et al., Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.



The residual time series of the electrical conductivity, pH, 222Rn normalized to null mean value and unitary standard deviation. The estimated 3, i.e. the thresholds used to identify the spike-like anomalies are also indicated.

LNGS

PESCARA

L'AQUILA

CHIETI

TERNI

RIETI

ASCOLI PICENO

TERAMO

5km

10km

20km

10 km

Plastino Plastino et al.et al., Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.



Fitts, Groundwater Science, Fitts, Groundwater Science, 20022002



Caputo & Plastino, Geophys. J. Int., 2004Caputo & Plastino, Geophys. J. Int., 2004



Detector: YAP:Ce crystalDetector: YAP:Ce crystal PhotomultiplierPhotomultiplier High-Voltage Power Supply High-Voltage Power Supply

PMT

YAP

OUT

IN

HV ELE

IN OUT



Plastino Plastino et al.et al., Nucl. Inst. and Meth., , Nucl. Inst. and Meth., 20022002

New portable nuclear spectrometerNew portable nuclear spectrometer

PMT

YAP

OUT

IN

HV ELE

IN OUT

- direct measurement in water- direct measurement in water

Radon groundwater monitoringRadon groundwater monitoringin situin situ



• Using YAP:Ce vialsUsing YAP:Ce vials

• Using YAP:Ce powderUsing YAP:Ce powder

COCO22 directly from combustion directly from combustion



Radiocarbon (and Tritium)Radiocarbon (and Tritium)

Scientific Collaborations (1/2)Scientific Collaborations (1/2)

National Institute of Geophysics and VolcanologyNational Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology

ENEA – National Institute for Metrology of ENEA – National Institute for Metrology of Ionizing Ionizing Radiations Radiations

Tecnomare – ENI GroupTecnomare – ENI Group

ACEA- Waterwork SocietyACEA- Waterwork Society



- Analysis of the correlations between the radon Analysis of the correlations between the radon groundwater variations and the strain groundwater variations and the strain processes of tectonic interest;processes of tectonic interest;

- Induced seismicity by groundwater transport Induced seismicity by groundwater transport properties using tritium analysis;properties using tritium analysis;

- Gran Sasso seismic hazard.Gran Sasso seismic hazard.

keywords: radon, tritium.keywords: radon, tritium.

SeismologySeismology





- new devices development for nuclear new devices development for nuclear spectrometry of environmental radioactivityspectrometry of environmental radioactivity for undersea station GEOSTAR (Geophysical for undersea station GEOSTAR (Geophysical and Oceanographic Station for Abyssal and Oceanographic Station for Abyssal Research);Research);

- Seawater samples analysis collected by Seawater samples analysis collected by GEOSTAR or oceanographic ships;GEOSTAR or oceanographic ships;

- Endogenous gas samples analysis;Endogenous gas samples analysis;

keyword: environmental radioactivity.keyword: environmental radioactivity.

OceanographyOceanography

- study of the characteristics of occurrence of study of the characteristics of occurrence of large earthquakes in time and spacelarge earthquakes in time and space understanding the fault geometry, kinematics, understanding the fault geometry, kinematics, and long term rates of deformation using and long term rates of deformation using radiocarbon dating of organic deposits on the radiocarbon dating of organic deposits on the scarpsscarps;;

- Gran Sasso seismic hazard.Gran Sasso seismic hazard.

keyword: radiocarbon.keyword: radiocarbon.



PaleoseismologyPaleoseismology



- new portable devices development for nuclear new portable devices development for nuclear spectrometry of radioactivityspectrometry of radioactivity induced by nuclear induced by nuclear explosion test for On-site Inspections team;explosion test for On-site Inspections team;

- ultra low level measurement of radioactivity in water ultra low level measurement of radioactivity in water and soil samples.and soil samples.

keyword: radioactivity.keyword: radioactivity.

Preparatory Commission for Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization – Preparatory Commission for Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization – United Nations, Working Group B, Science and Technology Session, Vienna, Austria, United Nations, Working Group B, Science and Technology Session, Vienna, Austria, February 15February 15thth 2002. 2002.

W. Plastino, W. Plastino, Other Inspection Scenarios: Gamma ray spectrometry in extreme Other Inspection Scenarios: Gamma ray spectrometry in extreme physical-physical- chemical environmental conditions. chemical environmental conditions. (Invited Talk)(Invited Talk)

CTBTO (Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban-Treaty CTBTO (Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban-Treaty Organization)Organization)

General Assembly of the United Nations Resolution General Assembly of the United Nations Resolution 50/245/9650/245/96

CTBTOCTBTO



- Study of light-yield properties of scintillator Study of light-yield properties of scintillator crystals;crystals;

- Radioactive standard sources;Radioactive standard sources;

- Instruments calibration.Instruments calibration.

Metrology of Ionizing RadiationsMetrology of Ionizing Radiations



- Undersea oil prospecting;Undersea oil prospecting;

- Undersea oil pipe-lines check.Undersea oil pipe-lines check.

Tecnomare – Eni GroupTecnomare – Eni Group



ACEA – Waterwork SocietyACEA – Waterwork Society

- On-line environmental radioactivity network (aquifers On-line environmental radioactivity network (aquifers and aqueducts).and aqueducts).



Scientific Collaborations (2/2)Scientific Collaborations (2/2)

PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences (Finland)PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences (Finland)

University of Duisburg-Essen (Germany)University of Duisburg-Essen (Germany)

University of WUniversity of Wüürzburg (Germany)rzburg (Germany)

Hellenic Center for Marine Research (Greece)Hellenic Center for Marine Research (Greece)

Weizmann Institute of Science (Israel)Weizmann Institute of Science (Israel)

Geological Survey of Israel (Israel)Geological Survey of Israel (Israel)

Geological Survey of Japan (Japan)Geological Survey of Japan (Japan)

National Institute of Research-Development forNational Institute of Research-Development forIsotopic and Molecular TechnologiesIsotopic and Molecular Technologies (Romania) (Romania)

Dr Wolfango PlastinoDr Wolfango Plastino

Department of PhysicsDepartment of Physics

University of Roma TreUniversity of Roma Tre

Via della Vasca Navale, 84Via della Vasca Navale, 84I-00146 RomaI-00146 Roma

tel.: +39 06 55177277tel.: +39 06 55177277 fax: +39 06 5579303fax: +39 06 5579303

e-mail: [email protected]: [email protected]



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Wolfango Plastino Department of Physics - University of Roma Tre, Italy Geophysical measurements...

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