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Spend Where IT Matters
Technology Executive’s Peer Group
CONFIDENTIAL
Document
February 27, 2008
This report is solely for the use of client personnel. No part of it may be circulated, quoted, or reproduced for distribution outside the client organization without prior written approval from McKinsey & Company. This material was used by McKinsey & Company during an oral presentation; it is not a complete record of the discussion.
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How CEOs and business leaders often think of IT investments . . .
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8,5408,5758,669
9,98310,325
11,70314,07914,329
16,687
2,1873,2053,915
4,8175,1505,7165,9786,3106,687
7,670
18,24420,14320,144
11,131
IT spending varies widely by industry, but averages 3.6% of revenue
Source: Gartner Consulting Worldwide IT benchmark Service
IT spending per employee by industry/sector, 2005Dollars
5.83.6
3.95.1
2.33.4
1.93.83.8
3.02.9
3.44.3
2.51.8
2.92.3
5.01.9
3.22.6
1.12.8 Education
Metals and natural resourcesTransportation
Hospitality and travelFood and beverage processing
Professional servicesRetail
Consumer productsConstruction and engineering
GovernmentManufacturing
ElectronicsChemicals
MediaInformation technology
Pharmaceuticals and medical productsUtilities
HealthcareEnergy
TelecommunicationsInsurance
Banking and financial servicesDatabase average
IT spending as a percentage of revenue by industry, 2005Percent
Organizations with more than $1 billion revenue
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While most spending goes to “staying in the race,” CIOs routinely seek a broader role
Source: Gartner Worldwide IT Benchmark Report 2006: Volume 1: IT Spending & Staffing Analysis; McKinsey Business Technology practice
2007
12
23
65
100 Meaning IT’s contribution
“Stay in the race” IT is now the cost of doing business in this market, a “commodity” not a differentiator
Reliability, regulatory compliance, cost management
“Win the race” IT helps compete and win by differentiated products, services, or prices; faster rollout or deployment; or better margins
On-time, on-budget project delivery
“Change the rules” IT enables new markets or services, brings significantly lower price points, or transforms the industry value chain
Strategy-setting and counsel across the business
Percent of IT spending
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How to spend where it mattersInventory your spend by business process, not by system
Spot which processes need the most IT enablement
Assign a service level to applications according to process
Map your processes by value and degree of IT enablement
1 2
3 4
5
Step 1: Inventory your spend by business process, not by system
Source: Team analysis
ILLUSTRATIVE
Percent of IT spend
Finance5%
1.0Develop20%
2.0Market and sell10%
3.0Manufacture20%
HR2%
Risk1%
Legal1%
Facilities1%
IT5%
4.0Fulfill and bill30%
5.0Support5%
7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.06.0
Research market4%
Select products3%
Design products5%
Prototype and test4%
Engineer3%
Manage library1%
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
Develop campaigns3%
Market to customers4%
Respond to inquiries1%
Validate sales2%
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4
Design for manufacture5%
Source materials4%
Schedule operations4%
Produce2%
Manage inventory3%
Improve quality2%
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6
Process orders5%
Invoice2%
Manage logistics3%
Ship to customer4%
Process returns9%
Collect7%
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5
Operate call center2%
Dispatch field service1%
Manage problems1%
Manage self-service1%
5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4
6
Step 2: Map your processes by value and degree of IT enablement
Source: McKinsey Business Technology practice
Develop
Market and sell
Manufacture
Fulfill and bill
Support
Manage business
• IT supports the least strategic areas just as well as the most strategic
• Spending is higher in many non-strategic areas
• A significant number of strategic capabilities are “broken”
Low (stay)
Strategic value
Bro
ken
Mee
ts n
eeds
Wor
ld-c
lass
IT e
nab
lem
en
t
Current state
Medium (win) High (change)
Low spend
High spend
7
Step 3: Spot which processes need the most improvement in IT enablement
Source: McKinsey Business Technology practice
Develop
Market and sell
Manufacture
Fulfill and bill
Support
Manage business
• IT over delivers on order processing and finance, and can maintain lower spending levels
• Strategic areas of product development need better IT enablement
• Several non-strategic areas, such as logistics and inventory management, are broken and need basic improvements
Low spend
High spend
Low (stay)
Strategic value
Bro
ken
Mee
ts n
ee
dsW
orld
-cla
ss
IT e
na
ble
men
t
Current state
Medium (win) High (change)
Processorders
Managelogistics
Finance
Manageinventory
Research market
Market tocustomers
Manage library
Prototype and test
8
Step 4: Assign a service level to applications according to strategic value and need for enhancement
Source: McKinsey Business Technology practice
Low (stay)
Strategic value
Bro
ken
Mee
ts n
eeds
Wor
ld-c
lass
IT e
nab
lem
en
t
Current state
Medium (win) High (change)
Service levels
Supportclasses
Break-fix2
Enhan-CementHours
Pro-ject
Break-fix resp. timeHours
No sup-port*
Bronze 1 day
Gold 2-4 160
Silver 2-4 4 40
DRAFT
6
Step 1: Inventory your spend by business process, not by system
Source: McKinsey Business Technology Practice
ILLUSTRATIVE
Percent of IT spend
Finance5%
1.0Develop20%
2.0Market and sell10%
3.0Manufacture20%
HR2%
Risk1%
Legal1%
Facilities1%
IT5%
4.0Fulfill and bill30%
5.0Support5%
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
6.0
Research market4%
Select products3%
Design products5%
Prototype and test4%
Engineer3%
Manage library1%
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
Develop campaigns3%
Market to customers4%
Respond to inquiries1%
Validate sales2%
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
Design for manufacture5%
Source materials4%
Schedule operations4%
Produce2%
Manage inventory3%
Improve quality2%
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
Process orders5%
Invoice2%
Manage logistics3%
Ship to customer4%
Process returns9%
Collect7%
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.4
4.5
Operate call center2%
Dispatch field service1%
Manage problems1%
Manage self-service1%
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
7
Step 2: Map your processes by value and degree of IT enablement
Source: McKinsey Business Technology practice
Develop
Market and sell
Manufacture
Fulfill and bill
Support
Manage business
• IT supports the least strategic areas just as well as the most strategic
• Spending is higher in many non-strategic areas
• A significant number of strategic capabilities are “broken”
Low (stay)
Strategic value
Bro
ken
Mee
ts
nee
dsW
orld
-cl
ass
IT e
nab
lem
ent
Current state
Medium (win)
High (change)
Low spend
High spend
8
Step 3: Spot which processes need the most improvement in IT enablement
Source: McKinsey Business Technology practice
Develop
Market and sell
Manufacture
Fulfill and bill
Support
Manage business
• IT over delivers on order processing and finance, and can maintain lower spending levels
• Strategic areas of product development need better IT enablement
• Several non-strategic areas, such as logistics and inventory management, are broken and need basic improvements
Low spend
High spend
Low (stay)
Strategic value
Bro
ken
Mee
ts
nee
dsW
orld
-cl
ass
IT e
nab
lem
ent
Current state
Medium (win)
High (change)
Processorders
Managelogistics
Finance
Manageinventory
Research
market
Market tocustomers
Manage library
Prototype and test
9
Step 4: Assign a service level to applications according to strategic value and need for enhancement
Source: McKinsey Business Technology practice
Low (stay)
Strategic value
Bro
ken
Mee
ts
nee
dsW
orld
-cl
ass
IT e
nab
lem
ent
Current state
Medium (win)
High (change)
Service levels
Supportclasses
Break-fix2
Enhan-CementHours
Pro-ject
Break-fix resp. timeHours
No sup-port*
Bronze 1 day
Gold
2-4 160
Silver 2-4 4 40
DRAFT
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Questions for the group
• What proportion of your budget goes to “stay,” “win,” and “change”? What do you want it to be?
• Which processes consume the bulk of your budget?
• Which processes are the most strategic?
• Which strategic processes need the most improvement in IT capabilities?
• How do you set application support levels?