World Civilization

Qtr. 2 Common Assessment

The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain

• Sufficient coal & iron ore reserves existed

• A good transportation system existed

• Large populations were available.

Factors that drove the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain

• Land• Labor• capital

Agricultural changes led to the Industrial Revolution

• Produced more food with fewer workers

The first industrialized business

• Textile production

Inventions

• Watt-steam engine (upper right)

• Pasteur – pasteurization (killing harmful microbes in milk by heating)

• Eli Whitney – cotton gin (lower right)

• James Hargreaves – spinning jenny

• Jethro Tull – seed drill

Effect of the Industrial Revolution on the environment

• Level of air & Water pollution often increase

• Dirty & Unsanitary conditions

• Severe discipline & unsafe working conditions

The cause of major changes in Europe beginning in the mid-1700s• The Industrial

Revolution

Feudalism, Capitalism, Socialism& Communism

• Feudalism – a political, economic & social system of medieval Europe based on land worked by serfs and held by vassals who gave military & other services to overlords

• Capitalism – an economic system on private ownership and on investment of move in business ventures in order to make a profit

• Communism – an economic system in which all means of production are owned by the people, private property does not exist, all goods & services are shared equally.

Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels

• German Economic philosophers who believed that communism would eventually produce a classless society

• ( a society of all workers, no bourgeoisie)

Political and economic belief encouraged the following

statement:“The proletarians (lower

class) have nothing to lose but their chains…Workers of the world unite!”

• Communism

Charles Dicken’s novel Hard Times describes…

• The Industrial Revolution

Unions

• Voluntary associations of workers seeking labor reforms

Positive effects of the Industrial Revolution (long-term)

• Rise in the standard of living