World Cultures
Final Review
In what direction do most people live in China?
• East
What are major themes of Confucianism?
Inner attitude of being humane and loving
Who is the founder of Daoism?
Lao-zi
What historical structure was built in China in the earlier
part of civilization?
The Great Wall
What was the mandate of heaven?
• Rule granted by heaven
• Traditional Chinese rulers governed by this
What was the mandate of heaven said to explain?
• The dynastic cycle
What is calligraphy?
• The art of writing with a brush and ink
What did one have to do in order to become a government official in traditional China?
• Pass a series of strenuous exams
What was the cause of the 1911 Chinese Civil War?
• China declared itself a republic with no set form of government
What German philosopher was said to inspire Mao Zedong?
• Karl Marx
What was the result of the Opium Wars?
China was forced into a series of unequal treaties with European nations
What was the status of women in traditional China?
Inferior to men
Who was the first leader in the Republic of China?
• Dr. Sun Yat-sen
What modern policy has China enacted to help solve the
overpopulation problem?
• One child policy
What is the main physical feature in Japan?
• Mountains
What was the main problem that the Japanese had with
Shinto? Did not give answers to questions about
life and death
How was a person’s social class determined during the Tokugawa shogunate?
• Heredity
How did the majority of Japanese feel about Americans
in the 1800s?
. Americans were a threat to their culture
What incident occurred on December 7, 1941?
The attack on Pearl Harbor, HI
What prompted the Japan to finally surrender during World
War II? • Bombing of Nagasaki
What was the main goal of the Allies after WWII?
Ensure Japan would never threaten world peace again
What religious beliefs do the majority of Japanese follow
today?
Combination of Buddhism and Shinto
What type of government does Japan have today?
• Constitutional Monarchy
How do the monsoons affect South Asia?
• The wet monsoon is essential to survival of the region
How is Hinduism different from most world
religions? • It has no founder
What is the major difference between
Hinduism and Buddhism?
• Hinduism accepts the caste system, Buddhism does not
How is India culturally diverse?
• The caste system
What is civil disobedience?
• The refusal to obey unjust laws
What is an example of civil disobedience?
• Boycotts
What was the result of the Amritsar massacre?
• India’s demand for independence from the British
What was the result of the partition of India?
• Mass migrations of Hindus and Muslims between India and Pakistan
What types of actions did Gandhi oppose?
• Violent
How did Gandhi win independence for India?
• Refusing to cooperate with the British government
What are the three main areas of Latin America?
• South America• Central America• The Caribbean
What two main groups influenced Latin America?
• Spanish• Portuguese
What is the largest country in South America?
• Brazil
What mountain range in located in Peru?
• Andes
Define mestizo:
• Ethnic group formed from Spanish and Portuguese settlers marrying Native Americans
In what present-day country did the Mayan civilization prosper?
• Mexico
What civilization moved into the Mayan territory after their
decline? • Aztecs
What is the most prevalent religion in Latin America?
• Catholicism
Define machismo:
• Male domination
What are some causes of instability in Latin America?
• Social inequality• Cartels• Gangs• Coups
What is nationalism?
• Pride and loyalty to one’s nation
What is imperialism?
• One country taking over another country
What is ethnocentrism?
• Judging other cultures by standards of one’s own culture
What is industrialization?
• A major switch from manual labor to the sue of machinery
What are physical features?
• natural elements of the environment
What are political features?
Boundaries made by humans
What is westernization?
The adoption of western cultures
What is culture?
All things that make up a people’s way of life
What does interdependent mean?The dependence on other countries for
goods, knowledge, and resources