World Meteorological OrganizationWorking together in weather, climate and water
WMO OMM
WMO www.wmo.int/sat
Stephan BojinskiWMO Space Programme
WMO Priorities and Perspectives on IPWG
São José dos Campos, Brazil, 15-19 October 2012
WMO OMM
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
• Founded 1950, successor to IMO (1873)• Specialized agency of the United Nations for meteorology (weather and
climate), operational hydrology and related geophysical sciences (e.g., atmospheric chemistry, oceanography, agriculture);
• UN “authoritative voice”• 189 Member states and territories; “Permanent Representatives”• Promote, foster, facilitate world-wide cooperation, with a focus on National
Meteorological and Hydrological Services
WMO OMMWMO Programmes
+ Co-sponsored Programmes: GCOS, GOOS, GTOS, IPCC, …
WMO OMMWMO High-level Priorities 2012-2015
• Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS)• Integration of observation and information systems
(WIGOS/WIS)• Disaster risk reduction• Support to aviation• Capacity building
(from WMO Strategic Plan 2012-2015)
WMO OMM
WMO Space Programme Activities
Observations:Requirements
Mission/orbit plansGap analyses
Inter-Calibration
Data Dissemination&
Access:Timeliness,
Standards, Tools
Products: Sustainability
QualityISWGs
SCOPE-CMSCOPE-NWC
WIGOSGFCS
Training & Awareness:
Virtual LabRegional projectswww.wmo.int/sat
WMO OMM
WMO (and related) Requirements for observations of precipitation
Source: wmo.int/oscar
ObservingSystemCapabilitiesAnalysis andReview Tool
WMO OMMSat precipitation-related WMO Activities
1. Severe Weather Forecasting Demonstration Project (SWFDP)
2. Flash Flood Guidance System (FFGS) – Regional Projects
3. SCOPE-CM – climate data records
4. SCOPE-Nowcasting –regional harmonization of nowcasting products
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
Africa Asia S America N&C America SW Pacific Europe Total
UsedPlanned Required, but currently not available or useableNot required
Use of satellite precipitation estimates (WMO Survey 2012, 226 responses)
WMO OMM1. SWFDP (E.g.: Eastern Africa, Lake Victoria)
Focus on: Strong winds Heavy precipitation Hazardous waves
(Indian Ocean and Lake Victoria) Dry spells
Users: general public, disaster management, media, agriculture and fisheries
Global Centres: ECMWF, UKMO, NOAA/NCEP (NWP guidance material)
MSG satellite products (EUMETSAT products) Regional Centre: RSMC Nairobi National Met. Centres: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda,
Burundi, Rwanda and Ethiopia
SWFDP Main Goals:•Improve Severe Weather Forecasting•Improve lead-time of Warnings•Improve interaction of NMHSs with users
WMO OMM2. Flash Flood Guidance Systems in Regions
• Development and implementation of regional flash flood guidance (FFG) and early warning systems
• Regional development of technology, training, procedures to address the issues of mitigating the impacts of flash floods
• Adapted FFG system implemented in Central America, Black Sea region, Pakistan, Mekong basin
• FFG is an estimate of how much rainfall over a specified time in a small basin is needed to initiate flooding on small streams
WMO OMM
10Source: Hydrologic Research Centre, Central America
2. Flash Flood Guidance: Schematic
WMO OMM
3. SCOPE-CM: Sustained Co-Ordinated Processing of EnviroSatellite Data for Climate Monitoring
• Coordinated international network of space agencies (…) to produce ClimateData Records (ECV records) from multi-agency satellite data
• SCOPE-CM conducts projects to jointly elevate CDR generation capabilitiesto a higher maturity level, aiming at• Sustained CDR production• Increased knowledge, methodologies and capabilities• Maximized benefit from investments through coordination and cooperation
• SCOPE-CM is connected with relevant stakeholders:• WMO, GCOS, CEOS, GEO, CGMS/GSICS, WCRP/GEWEX, ESA (observer)
• Phase I (2008-2012) completed: Clouds/aerosols (AVHRR), TWV/LWP(SSM/I), Surface albedo (GEO), AMV, UTH
→ Call for proposals for new SCOPE-CM projects in January 2013Invite IPWG to contribute project on precipitation climatology
WMO OMM4. SCOPE-Nowcasting (NWC) - Outline
• Sustained, Co-Ordinated Processing of Environmental Satellite Data for Nowcasting (SCOPE-NWC) initiative
• Ensuring continuous, sustained provision of consistent satellite products for nowcasting and severe weather risk reduction
WMO OMM
• Provide a mechanism through which satellite data/products can be made available simply and quickly
• Primarily for users in the NMHSs of smaller or developing nations, where expertise and facilities for processing and utilizing satellite data may be limited or non-existent
• Also for more advanced nations where there may be efficiencies possible through combining resources, expertise, and efforts
4. SCOPE-Nowcasting (NWC) - Objectives
WMO OMM4. SCOPE-NWC: Concept of operations
! Establishing a collaborative network ! Among experts, user institutions and satellite operators! To include IPWG, WWRP, SWFDP
WMO OMM4. SCOPE-NWC Pilot project outlines
Category Product Region Provider User Gaps
Basic nowcasting
Imagery, RGB composites and enhancements, fog detection
and cloud products
WMO Region II (Asia) and Region
V (SW Pacific)
JMA, CMA, KMA (TBD)
NMSs in Region II and V
No standard products available;
products limited
Advanced nowcasting
Ice cloud detection and turbulence to support aviation;
potentially adding precipitation, fog
Australia and adjacent Region II (Asia) and V (SW
Pacific)
CMA, JMA, KMA (TBD),
NASA, NOAA (for precip)
NMHSs in RA II and RA V
No products currently available
(except for precipitation)
Advanced nowcasting
Blended satellite global precipitation product
(GEO+LEO)
Global coverage Hydro Estimator,
NASA TRMM (3B42), NOAA (real-time MW)
Civil authorities, NMHSs, Flash flood guidance
systems, general users
Rapid, facilitated access to
quantitative precipitation estimates
RT Ocean Products
Near-Real-Time (3-hourly) Ocean surface winds for NWP
Initially Indian Ocean
IMD/ISRO (Oceansat-2)
and EUMETSAT
OSI-SAF
NWP Centres, Marine
Forecasters
OSVW not fully exploited
RT Atmospheric Composition
products
Dust Monitoring and Prediction Products
WMO Region II (Asia) and V (South-West
Pacific)
CMA, JMA SDS-WDCs, NMSs (to issue
results and warnings) in RA II
and RA V
Regional diversity of aerosol-related
products not harmonized
WMO OMM4. SCOPE-NWC Pilot project outlines
Category Product Region Provider User Gaps
Basic nowcasting
Imagery, RGB composites and enhancements, fog detection
and cloud products
WMO Region II (Asia) and Region
V (SW Pacific)
JMA, CMA, KMA (TBD)
NMSs in Region II and V
No standard products available;
products limited
Advanced nowcasting
Ice cloud detection and turbulence to support aviation;
potentially adding precipitation, fog
Australia and adjacent Region II (Asia) and V (SW
Pacific)
CMA, JMA, KMA (TBD),
NASA, NOAA (for precip)
NMHSs in RA II and RA V
No products currently available
(except for precipitation)
Advanced nowcasting
Blended satellite global precipitation product
(GEO+LEO)
Global coverage Hydro Estimator,
NASA TRMM (3B42), NOAA (real-time MW)
Civil authorities, NMHSs, Flash flood guidance
systems, general users
Rapid, facilitated access to
quantitative precipitation estimates
RT Ocean Products
Near-Real-Time (3-hourly) Ocean surface winds for NWP
Initially Indian Ocean
IMD/ISRO (Oceansat-2)
and EUMETSAT
OSI-SAF
NWP Centres, Marine
Forecasters
OSVW not fully exploited
RT Atmospheric Composition
products
Dust Monitoring and Prediction Products
WMO Region II (Asia) and V (South-West
Pacific)
CMA, JMA SDS-WDCs, NMSs (to issue
results and warnings) in RA II
and RA V
Regional diversity of aerosol-related
products not harmonized
WMO OMM
Summary I: General WMO recommendations to IPWG
• Evaluate and assess methods and datasets• Harmonize quality assessment and verification• Develop best practices and access/interface tools • Assist in integration and interoperability of rainfall estimates
from different sources– Many WMO application areas require satellite precipitation
estimates: weather, hydrology, climate, cryosphere, ocean, …• Develop concise high-level recommendations (<5) to
WMO/CGMS
WMO OMMSummary II
• WMO emphasizes its support to IPWG• Encourages IPWG to
– Discuss scientific state-of-the-art– Take action to leverage research for operations
• IPWG encouraged to contribute to SCOPE-CM• IPWG encouraged to contribute to SCOPE-NWC
WMO OMM
Thank you!
WMO OMM
From Global to Regional to Local
ComputationalComponent
Global/Regional Observations & ATM Model Forecasts
Local Products& Uncertainty
Local or Country Warning Generation System
(e.g., WFO or NMHS)
Local Data
Local or Country Warning Dissemination System
Public Warnings
Regional Centers(Hydromet expertise)
1. Decisions are made with multiple datasets and under uncertainty2. There is a need to modify the products of the global/regional system locally and have capability for estimating consequences to local variables of interest
Computational Core
Adjustments and WarningCore
WMO OMM
WMO Space Programme Activities
In support of:
Weather ClimateWater Disaster Risk Reduction Hydrology Cryosphere Space Weather
Observations:Requirements
Mission/orbit plansGap analyses
Inter-Calibration
Data Dissemination&
Access:Timeliness,
Standards, Tools
Products: Sustainability
Quality SCOPE-CM
SCOPE-NWC
WIGOSGFCS
Training & Awareness:
Virtual LabRegional projectswww.wmo.int/sat
WMO OMMSCOPE-NWC Products
• Products need to be consistent across platforms and use standard formats• Useful in the forecasting range zero to six hours where, in the case of NWP,
current model forecasting capability is limited.
• Four broad categories of SCOPE-NWC products– Basic (Atmospheric) Nowcasting Products: these are primarily products used
qualitatively, such as visible and infrared imagery, RGB composites and enhancements, fog detection and cloud products;
– Advanced (Atmospheric) Nowcasting Products: these include quantitative products requiring the application of algorithms for their generation; products such as precipitation, atmospheric motion vectors, stability indices, total precipitable water, convective initiation and sounding products, and other products to support aviation such as turbulence or aircraft icing potential;
– Realtime Ocean Products: these include scatterometer data for sea surface winds and sea state data from altimetry; and
– Realtime Atmospheric Composition Products: these include fire detection, smoke, sand and dust, aerosols and volcanic ash
