WPO-17 WCDMA URTAN Parameter Introduction-89

7/27/2019 WPO-17 WCDMA URTAN Parameter Introduction-89

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WCDMA URTAN Parameter

Introduction

ZTE University


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Content

Cell Selection and Cell Re-selection Parameter

Paging Call and Connection Status Parameter

Handover Parameter

Power Control Parameter


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FOR FDD cellsSrxlev > 0 AND Squal > 0FOR TDD cellsSrxlev > 0

Squal Qqualmeas QqualminSrelev QrxlevmeasQrxlevminPcompensation

Standard of Cell-selection

Squal: cell-selection quality value (db)

Srxlevcell-selection RX level value (db)

Qqualmeasmeasured cell quality value, indicated by CPICH Ec/No

Qrxlevmeas measured cell RX level value, indicated by CPICH RSCP (dbm) (FDD cell)

Qqualmin

minimum quality value necessary for cell (db) QrxlevminRX level (dbm) necessary for cell

Pcompensationmax(UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACHP_MAX, 0)

UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACHmaximum TX power level used by UE when accessing cell

upon RACH (dbm)

P_MAXmaximum RF output power of UE (dbm)


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Note: In the above rule, UE takes Squal (FDD cell) and Srxlev (TDD cell) as Sx

Cell Re-selection Measurement Plan (not use HCS)

1. If Sx > Sintrasearch, UE may choose to not perform intra-frequency

measurements.

If Sx Sintrasearch, UE may choose to not perform inter-frequency

measurements.

If Sx SsearchRAT m, UE may choose to not perform

measurements on cells of RAT "m".

If Sx


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Rs Qmeas,s + QhystsRn Qmeas,nQoffsets,n

Rs: R value of service cell Rn: R value of neighbor cell Qmeas: measurement value of cell signal. FDD cells use CPICH Ec/No or

CPICH RSCP

Qoffset1s,n: offset of two cells used when FDD cells cell-selection and cell re-selection measurement value is set to be CPICH RSCP. Qoffset2s,n: offset of two cells used when FDD cells cell-selection and cell re-

selection measurement value is set to be CPICH Ec/No. Qhyst1s: hysteresis value used when FDD cells cell-selection and cell re-

selection measurement value is set to be CPICH RSCP. Qhyst2s: hysteresis value used when FDD cells cell-selection and cell re-

selection measurement value is set to be CPICH Ec/No. Treselection: Timer value of cell re-selection.

Standard R value of cell queue:

UE queues all the cells meeting the S standard according to R value. The best cell has the highest R value;

Within the time interval of Treselection, if all the new cell queue levels are above service cell queue levels,

and UE has stayed in current service cell more than 1s, UE wil l re-select the new cell.

Standard and Parameter of Cell Re-selection


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Cell Selection and Re-selection Quality Measure

Parameter Name Cell Selection and Re-selection Quality Measurement Value

Refers to TS 25.304

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates cell selection and re-selection

quality measurement value

Location in NE Cell

Value Range 1: CPICH Ec/No; 2: CPICH RSCP

Default Value 1

Suggestive Value 1

Description forsetting and adjusting

Because of the feature of self-scrambling in UMTS system,scrambling exists in network generally. Taking pilot

frequency signal quality as the standard value of cell

selection/re-selection in the system can apply better service

to customer.


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Minimum Required Quality Level in Cell

Parameter Name Qqualmin (Minimum Required Quality Level in the Cell)

Refers to TS 25.304

Parameter Description This parameter indicates minimum required quality level in the cell for

meeting cell selection/re-selection. If measurement value is CPICH Ec/No,

only quality value of tested cell being bigger than Qqualmin can meet the

condition of cell selection.

Location in NE Cell

Value Range (-24..0)dB step 1dB

Default Value -18dB

Suggestive Value -18dB

Description for setting and

adjusting

For scene of highway, because of the long distance between base stations,

few cells in number, high-span between cells and fast movement of UE,UE cannot re-select cell in time when the old cell signal becomes poor and

entering new cell area. On this kind of situation, through reducing

Qqualmin and Qrxlevmin properly, UE can complete cell re-selection as

soon as possible. This is also suitable for corner scene of dense areas.

Attentions N/A


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Minimum RX Level Threshold of Cell

Parameter Name Qrxlevmin (Minimum RX Level in the Cell)

Refers to TS 25.304

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates minimum required RX level in the

cell. If measurement value is CPICH RSCP, only RX level oftested cell being bigger than Qrxlevmin can meet the

condition of cell selection.

Location in NE Cell

Value Range (-115..-25)dBm step 2dBm

Default Value -115dBm

Suggestive Value -115dBm

Description for setting

and adjusting

The same as Qqualmin

Attentions N/A


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Intra Frequency Measurements Threshold of Cell Re-

selection

Parameter Name Sintrasearch (Intra Frequency Measurements Threshold of Cell Re-selection)

Refers to TS 25.304

Parameter Description This parameter indicates the threshold for intra frequency measurements of cell re-selection. It

can be used by UE to decide to perform intra frequency measurements or not. When HCS is

not used, if serving cell quality is bigger than Sintrasearch, UE may choose to not perform

intra-frequency measurements. If serving cell quality is smaller than Sintrasearch or

Sintrasearch is not sent for serving cell, UE performs intra-frequency measurements.

Location in NE Cell

Value Range (0..20 )dB Step 2dB

Default Value 14dB

Suggestive Value 14dB

Description for setting andadjusting

The larger Sintrasearch is, the faster intra frequency starts. For scene of highway, because ofthe long distance between base stations, few cells in number, high-span between cells and

fast movement of UE, UE cannot re-select cell in time when the old cell signal becomes poor

and entering new cell area. On this kind of situation, through increasing Sintrasearch properly,

UE can complete cell re-selection as soon as possible. This is also suitable for corner scene of

dense areas.

Attentions Sintrasearch is only valid when SintraSearchPre is True.


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Inter Frequency Measurements Threshold of Cell Re-

selection

Parameter Name Sintersearch (Inter Frequency Measurements Threshold of Cell Re-selection)

Refers to TS 25.304

Parameter Description This parameter indicates the inter frequency measurements threshold of cell re-

selection, Sintersearch. It can be used by UE to decide to perform inter

frequency measurements or not. When HCS is not used, if serving cell quality is

bigger than Sintersearch, UE may choose to not perform inter-frequency

measurements. If serving cell quality is smaller than Sintersearch or Sintersearch

is not sent for serving cell, UE performs inter-frequency measurements.

Location in NE Cell


Default Value 10dB



adjusting

The same as Sintrasearch

Attentions Sintersearch is only valid when SinterSearchPre is True.


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Inter-RAT Measurements Threshold of Cell

Re-selectionParameter Name Ssearch,RAT (Inter-RAT measurements threshold of cell re-selection)

Refers to TS 25.304

Parameter Description This parameter indicates the inter-RAT measurements threshold of cell re-

selection, Ssearch,RAT. It can be used by UE to decide to perform inter-RAT measurements or not. When HCS is not used, if serving cell quality is

bigger than Ssearch,RAT, UE may choose to not perform inter-RAT

measurements. If serving cell quality is smaller than Ssearch,RAT or

Ssearch,RAT is not sent for serving cell, UE performs inter-RAT

measurements.

Location in NE Cell


Default Value 2dB



adjusting

The same as Qrxlevmin in SIB11

Attentions Ssearch,RAT is only valid when OtherRATInfoPre is True.


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Hysteresis Value1 of Serving Cell Re-selection

Parameter Name Qhyst1s (Hysteresis Value1 of Serving Cell Re-selection)

Refers to TS 25.304

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the hysteresis value. It is used for FDD cells in

case the quality measure for cell selection and re-selection is set toCPICH RSCP. In the R rule of cell re-selection sorting, R value of serving

cell is equal to measurement value plus re-selection hysteresis value.

Location in NE Cell

Value Range (0..40)dB step2 dB

Default Value 2dB


Description forsetting and

adjusting

For dense area because of the short distance between base stations,many cells in number and mixed and disorderly cells, cell re-selection

occurs very frequently. To avoid frequent re-selection, we can increase

the hysteresis value to harden re-selection.

Attentions N/A


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Hysteresis Value2 of Serving Cell Re-selection

Parameter Name Qhyst2s (Hysteresis Value2 of Serving Cell Re-selection)

Refers to TS 25.304

Parameter Description This parameter indicates the hysteresis value. It is used forFDD cells in case the quality measure for cell selection and

re-selection is set to CPICH Ec/No. In the R rule of cell re-

selection sorting, R value of serving cell is equal to

measurement value plus re-selection hysteresis value.Location in NE Cell

Value Range (0..40)dB step2 dB

Default Value 2dB



and adjusting

The same as Qhyst1s

Attentions N/A


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Minimum Required RX Level in the Cell in

SIB11Parameter Name Qrxlevmin in SIB11 (Minimum Required RX Level in the Cell in SIB11)

Refers to TS 25.331

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the minimum required RX level when UE is stationed

in a certain cell. If the measurement value is CPICH RSCP, only the quality

value of tested cell, Qrxlevmeas, being bigger than Qrxlevmin can meet the cellre-selection requirement. This is the Qrxlevmin value of SIB11.

Location in NE Cell

Value Range (-115..-25)dBm step 2 dBm

Default Value -115dBm

Suggestive Value -97dBm

Description for

setting and

adjusting

For the network of WCDMA together with GSM, the coverage inside WCDMA is

expected to be continuous. Cell selection and re-selection from WCDMA to

GSM are only needed on the edge of WCDMA network coverage area. So inthe dense region, we can increase Qrxlevmin in SIB11 and Qoffset1-s,n in

SIB11 (neighbor) to harden cell re-selection. On the edge of WCDMA network,

especially on the highway, the signal of WCDMA cell fades fast when UE moves

fast. UE cannot re-select cell in time when entering GSM network. So

increasing Ssearch,RAT, decreasing Qrxlevmin in SIB11 and Qoffset1-s,n inSIB11 (neighbor) can help UE to complete re-selection as soon as possible.


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Offset1 between Serving Cell and Neighbor Cell in

SIB11

Parameter Name Qoffset1s,n in SIB11 (Offset1 Between Serving Cell and Neighbor Cell in

SIB11)

Refers to TS 25.331

ParameterDescription

This parameter indicates the offset between the two cells, serving cell andneighbour cell, in case the quality measure for cell selection and re-

selection is set to CPICH RSCP. It is the necessary parameter used for cell

sorting in the rule of cell re-selection. This parameter is broadcasted to UE

in S1B11.

Location in NE Cell

Value Range (-50..50)dB

Default Value 0dB


Description for

setting and

adjusting

This parameter is mainly used for inter-RAT re-selection. The larger the

parameter is, the less re-selection happens.

Attentions N/A


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Offset2 between Serving Cell and Neighbor Cell in

SIB11

Parameter

Name

Qoffset2s,n in SIB11 (Offset2 between Serving Cell and

Neighbor Cell in SIB11)

Refers to TS 25.331

ParameterDescription This parameter indicates the offset between the two cells,serving cell and neighbour cell, in case the quality measure for

cell selection and re-selection is set to CPICH Ec/No. It is the

necessary parameter used for cell sorting in the rule of cell re-

selection. This parameter is broadcasted to UE in S1B11.

Location in NE Cell

Value Range (-50..50)dB

Default Value 0dB

Suggestive

Value

0dB

Description for

setting and

adjusting

This parameter is mainly used for inter-RAT re-selection. The

larger the parameter is, the less re-selection happens.

Attentions N/A


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Cell Reselection Timer Value

ParameterName

Treselections (Cell Re-selection Timer Value)

Refers to TS 25.304

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the cell re-selection timer value. As a

serving cell, according to R rule of sorting, new cell must be thebest one and keep the state for a period of Treselections at first.

And then it can be selected as new serving cell.

Location in NE Cell

Value Range (0..31)s step 1sDefault Value 1s

Suggestive

Value

1s

Description forsetting and

adjusting

For the scene of dense and frequent changing cell signal,increasing timer value can increase the degree of difficulty of cell

re-selection. This can avoid frequently re-selecting. For the

scene of highway, the value of Treselections can be decreased

properly.

Attentions N/A


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Content



Handover Parameter



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AICH Power Offset

Parameter

Name

AICH Power Offset

Parameter

Description

Power offset between AICH emissive power and pilot

frequency channel power.

Value Range [-22..5] dB

Suggestive

Value

-7dB

Description

for setting

and adjusting

AICH emissive power is the power offset relative to pilot

frequency channel power. The emissive power of pilot

frequency channel usually has relationship with scene.

However, AICH power offset has no relationship withscene. According to testing result, call success rate on

the edge of cell is more satisfied when AICH is equal to -

7dB and PICH is equal to -7dB.

Attentions N/A


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PRACH Preamble Power Ramp Step

Parameter

Name

Power Ramp Step

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the power ramp step which should be

added to previous power when UE sends a prefix and not receives

any response from AICH. UE sends the next prefix with this power.

Value Range [1..8] dB

Suggestive

Value

1dB

Description for

setting and

adjusting

After Preamble Retrans Max times attempts, UE preamble power

can be increased to 40dB by increasing PRACH preamble power

with smallest particle size. According to testing, this can meet the

requirement on the edge of cell.

Attentions N/A

M i N b f P bl i O


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Maximum Number of Preambles in One

Preamble Ramping Cycle

Parameter Name Preamble Retrans Max


This parameter indicates the max number ofpreamble in one preamble ramping cycle.


Suggestive

Value

40dB

Description for

setting and

adjusting

It is considered to apply more chance to

physical layer and avoid physical layer

accessing failure. This can improve accessingprobability and user feelings.

Attentions N/A


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Maximum Number of Cycles in One Preamble

Ramping Cycle

Parameter

Name

Mmax

Parameter

Description

Maximum number of cycles in one preamble ramping cycle


Suggestive

Value

6dB

Description for

setting andadjusting

The bigger the value is, the more retrying chance the

MAC level has. But if it is too big, the user feelings

will become worse. So the suggestive value is 6.

Attentions N/A


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PRACH Initial Power Constant Value

Parameter

NameConstant Value

Parameter

DescriptionThis parameter is used to calculate PRACH initial

emissive power.

Value Range [-35..-10] dB

SuggestiveValue

Single antenna - 18dB; Double antenna - 21dB.

Description for

setting and

adjusting

Single antenna - 18dB; Double antenna - 21dB. It

can make the preamble sent on the edge of cell bedemodulated by NodeB.

Attentions N/A


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Power Offset Pp-m

Parameter

NamePower Offset Pp-m


This parameter indicates the offset of message ofPRACH relative to preamble.

Value Range [-5..10] dB

SuggestiveValue 2dB

Description for

setting and

adjusting

Bigger offset can improve demodulation quality of

message.

Attentions N/A


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T300

ParameterName

T300 Timer

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the waiting time after UE sends

RRC CONNECTION SETUP REQUEST message (waiting

for RRC Connection Setup message)

Value Range (100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400, 1600, 1800,

2000, 3000, 4000, 6000, 8000)ms

SuggestiveValue

2000ms

Description for

setting and

adjusting

Setting this timer too short will make UE send useless RPC

connection request again and again. This will increase the

load of random access and decrease the uplink capacity.And setting this timer too long doesnt facilitate RPC to

access again when network really doesnt receive the RPC

connection request.

Attentions N/A


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N300

ParameterName

N300

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the maximum resending

count of RRC CONNECTION SETUP REQUEST

message.

Value Range 0..7

Suggestive

Value

3

Description for

setting and

adjusting

Setting this parameter to 3 can improve the success

rate of RPC connection establishment. However, it is

not necessary to set the value of this parameter toobig. The common waiting time user can tolerate is

about 10s. So for RPC connection establishment

trying time, 6s is a properly value.

Attentions N/A


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CN DRX Cycle Length Coefficient

Parameter

Name

CN DRX Cycle Length Coefficient (SIB1)

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the coefficient for calculating paging

interval.

Value Range [6..9]

Suggestive

Value

6

Description for

setting and

adjusting

The value of this parameter decides the paging cycle of CS and

PS service. The bigger the value is, the longer the paging cycle is.

And the reflecting time from the user to network also becomes

longer. So we usually set this parameters value as the minimum

value in the protocol (6 means the paging cycle is 640ms)

Attentions N/A


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UTRAN DRX Cycle Length Coefficient

Parameter Name UTRAN DRX Cycle Length Coefficient

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the coefficient of UE DRX on the connecting

state.

Value Range [3..9]Suggestive Value 6

Description for

setting and

adjusting

This parameter indicates the coefficient of UE DRX on the connecting

state. It is used to calculate the const value for paging time (cycle of

listening PICH) . DRX cycle is 2^k frames.If UE is on the connecting state, UE will choose the minimum value of

two parameters as k. These two parameters are UTRAN DRX cycle

length coefficient and CN domain specific DRX cycle length coefficient

in the area which UE attaches on. The bigger the value is, the longer

UE listens paging channel cycle is. Besides, the reflection of UE tonetwork will become slower.

This parameter is only used on the state of CELL_PCH/URA_PCH. It is

invalid without the state of CELL_PCH/URA_PCH.

Attentions N/A


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PICH Power Offset

Parameter

Name

PICH Power Offset

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates PICH power offset.

Value Range -10..5 dB

Suggestive

Value

-7dB

Description for

setting and

adjusting

PICH emissive power is the power offset relative to pilot

frequency channel power. The emissive power of pilot frequency

channel usually has relationship with scene. However, PICH

power offset has no relationship with scene. According to testing

result, call success rate on the edge of cell is more satisfiedwhen AICH is equal to -7dB and PICH is equal to -7dB.

Attentions N/A


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Number of Paging Indicators per PICH Frame

ParameterName

Number of PI per Frame (Np)SIB5

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the number of PI per PICH

frame.

Value Range Integer (18, 36, 72, 144) times

Suggestive

Value

18

Description for

setting and

adjusting

Current configuration already can guarantee 1800PI/s for each LAC and meet the network requirement.

The bigger NP configuration is, the less each PI

repeats. Besides, the power needed is more. So in

order to save power, this parameter should be set as

the minimum value under the condition of meeting

paging requirement.

Attentions N/A


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N312 Constant

ParameterName N312 Constant

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the synchronizing indicator

counts UE should receive from L1 continuously

before special physical channel being set upsuccessfully.

Value Range OMCR12410 2050100200

4006008001000RNC011s

Suggestive

Value

1

Description for

setting and

adjusting

Make UE with connecting state entering

synchronization state as soon as possible.

Attentions N/A


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T313 Timer

Parameter

NameT313 Timer


This parameter indicates the waiting time DPCCHwith CELL_DCH state having been set up is out of

sync.

Value Range 0..15s

Suggestive

Value

3 s

Description for


In order to guarantee users service quality, it should

trigger call re-establishment as soon as possiblewhen the quality of channel is poor.

Attentions N/A

N313 C t t


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N313 Constant

Parameter Name N313 Constant

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the maximum number of successive "out

of sync" received from L1.Value Range OMCR1 2 4 10 20 50 100 200

RNC07

Suggestive Value Default Value20

Description for

setting and

adjusting

Suggestive value: N313= 50, T313=3S. With this configuration, the

time of UE reporting radio link failure is 11s (50*0.16 + 3). This

configuration can meet the scene of getting in and out elevator and

avoid dropped call when getting in and out elevator. At the same

time, it give the user a chance for call re-establishment within thetolerable waiting time and decrease dropped call rate.

Attentions N/A

T314 Ti


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T314 Timer

Parameter

NameT314 Timer

Parameter

Description

When the criteria for radio link failure are fulfilled.The

timer is started if radio bearer(s) that are associated withT314 exist or if only RRC connection exists only to the

CS domain.

Value Range OMCR0 2 4 6 8 12 16 20s

RNC07

Suggestive

Value

4 s

Descriptionfor setting

and adjusting

For CS services, the user tolerable waiting time is short,so this parameter should be set to a shorter value.

Attentions N/A

T315 Ti


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T315 Timer

Parameter

NameT315 Timer

Parameter

Description

When the criteria for radio link failure are fulfilled. The

timer is started only if radio bearer(s) that areassociated with T315 exist or if RRC connection exists

to PS domain.

Value Range OMCR010 30 60 180 600 1200 1800s

RNC07

Suggestive

Value

30 s

Description

for setting

and adjusting

For PS services, user is not sensitive to network delay.

So the value of this parameter can be set to a bigger

one to decrease dropped call rate.

Attentions N/A

N315 C t t


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N315 Constant

Parameter

NameN315 Constant

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the maximum number of

successive "in sync" received from L1 during T313 isactivated.

Value Range OMCR1 2 4 10 20 50 100 200

400 600 800 1000

RNC011

Suggestive

Value

1

Description for

setting and

adjusting

This parameter is used to make UE entering sync

state and decrease dropped call rate.

Attentions N/A

T302 Timer


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T302 Timer

Parameter

Name

T302 Timer

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the waiting time after UE sending

CELL/URA UPDATE message. The unit is ms.

Value Range OMCR100200400600800100012001400

1600180020003000400060008000ms

RNC014

Suggestive

Value

1000 ms

Description for

setting and

adjusting

This parameter is used to avoid UE sending useless CELL/URA

UPDATE connecting requests repeatedly and make UE sending

cell update soon.

Attentions N/A

N302 Constant


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N302 Constant

Parameter

NameN302 Constant

ParameterDescription This parameter indicates the maximum number ofretransmissions of the CELL UPDATE / URA

UPDATE message.

Value Range 0..7

Suggestive

Value

2

Description for


Too much CELL/URA UPDATE doesnt increase

success rate obviously. But it can make user stay atthe abnormal state too much time.

Attentions N/A

Content


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Content



Handover ParameterPower Control Parameter

Classification of Frequently-used Handover Events


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Category Exent Description

1A CELL enters report range

1B CELL departs from report range

1C The quality of a non-activated set cell is better than that of a certain activated set cell

1D Best cell generates change

1E Quality of target cell improves, better than an absolute threshold

Intra-

frequencyhandover

1F Quality of target cell decreases, worse than an absolute threshold

2A Change of best frequency. There is quality of not current best frequency better than

current best frequency.

2B The estimated quality of a non-used frequency is above a certain threshold & the

estimated quality of the currently used frequency is below a certain threshold

2C The estimated quality of a non-used frequency is above a certain threshold

2D The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is below a certain threshold

2E The estimated quality of a non-used frequency is below a certain threshold

Inter-

frequency

handover

2F The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is above a certain threshold3A the quality of the UTRAN carrier currently in use is lower than while the assessed quality

of other systems is higher than the predefined threshold

3B The estimated quality of other system is below a certain threshold

3C The estimated quality of other system is above a certain threshold

Other

system

handover

3D The best cell of other system update

Event 1A Algorithm and Handover Principle


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Reporting event 1A is used to add cell into active set when a primary

CPICH enters report range.

MS sends measurement report when a primary CPICH enters the

report range defined below:



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The variables in the formula are defined as follows:z MNew is the measurement result of the cell entering the reporting range.

z Mi is a measurement result of a cell not forbidden to affect reporting range inthe active set.

z NA is the number of cells not forbidden to affect reporting range in the current

active set.z MBest is the measurement result of the cell in the active set with the highest

measurement result.

z W is a parameter sent from RNC to MS.

z R1a is the reporting range constant sent from RNC to MS.

z H1a is the hysteresis parameter for the event 1a.

Other parameters:z Reporting deactivation threshold: the maximum number of cells which are

allowed in active set.

z Time to trigger: the period of time during which the event occurs, beforesending event report.

z

Amount of reporting: periodic reporting count when event 1A triggered.z Reporting interval: reporting interval of periodic reporting count when event 1A

triggered.

Event 1B Algorithm and Handover Principle


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Reporting event 1B is used to delete cell from active set

when a primary CPICH leaves report range.

MS sends measurement report when a primary CPICH

leaves the report range defined below:



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The variables in the formula are defined as follows:

z MOld is the measurement result of the cell leaving thereporting range.

z Mi is a measurement result of a cell in the active set.z NA is the number of cells in the current active set.

z MBest is the measurement result of the cell in theactive set with the highest measurement result

z W is a parameter sent from RNC to MS.

z R1b is the reporting range constant sent from RNC toMS.

z H1b is the hysteresis parameter for the event 1b. Other parameters:

z Time to trigger: the period of time during which the

event occurs, before sending event report.

Event 1C Algorithm and Handover Principle


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,2/1010 1cInASInASNewNew HCIOLogMCIOLogM +++

A non-active primary

CPICH becomesbetter than an active

primary CPICH.

Reporting event 1C isused to replace the

cell in active set.




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z MNew is the measurement result of the cell entering the

reporting range.

z MInAS is the measurement result of the cell in the activeset.

z H1c is the hysteresis parameter for the event 1c.

Other parameters:

z Replacement activation threshold: the minimum number of

cells which are allowed in active set

z Time to trigger: the period of time during which the event

occurs, before sending event report.z Amount of reporting: periodic reporting count when event

1C triggered.

z Reporting interval: reporting interval of periodic reporting

count when event 1C triggered

UE Measurement Reporting Algorithm Celli di id l ff t


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individual offsets

For each cell that is monitored, an offset can be assigned with inband

signalling. The offset can be either positive or negative. The offset is

added to the measurement quantity before the MS evaluates if an

event has occurred.

Offset of neighbor cell parameter, CPICH Ec/No, can be set as theoffset which MS pluses it to neighbor cell measurement result, CPICH

Ec/No, before compares it with reporting principle value, Ec/No.

Cell individual offsets can be regarded as the tool of moving cell edge.

Soft Handover Algorithm


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Soft Handover Algorithm

Pilot Ec/Io of cell 1

time

PilotEc/Io

Connect to cell1 Event 1A Event 1C Event 1B

= add cell2 = replace cell1 with cell 3 = remove cell3



t t t


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2/3G Handover Parameter - 2D


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2D Event: Start inter-frequency measurement threshold

2/22 ddUsedUsed HTQ

2/22 ffUsedUsed HTQ +

z Qused: currently used signal quality.

z Tused 2d: the absolute threshold of current signal

z H2d: the hysteresis parameter for the event 2d.

2D Event: Close inter-frequency measurement threshold

z Qused: the same as above

z Tused 2f: the absolute threshold of current signal

z H2f: the hysteresis parameter for the event 2f.

2/3G Handover Parameter - 3A


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Inter-RAC handover threshold:

2/3 aUsedUsed HTQ

2/3aRATOtherRATOtherRATOther HTCIOM ++

z QUsed: the quality of currently used signal

z TUsed: the set of absolute threshold of current signal

z MOther RAT: the measurement quantity for the cell of

the other system.

z CIOOther RAT: the cell individual offset for the cell ofthe other system.

z TOther RAT: the set of absolute threshold of other system

z H3a: the hysteresis parameter for event 3a.

Intra-frequency Measurement Filter Coefficient


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ParameterName

Filter Coefficient (Intra-frequency Measurement Filter Coefficient)

Refers to TS 25.331


This parameter indicates the filter coefficient used by UE to complete L3 filteringduring intra-frequency measurement. On the UE side, L1 performs intra-frequency

measurement with fixed period (During one period of measurement, multiple pointwill be measured. And L1 will filtering the result of measurement. The filteringmethod can be decided by UE self). And then L1 sends the report to L3 according toa certain time interval. L3 filters the measurement results of this time and the resultssaved before. The filtering method is decided by protocol. Fn is the measurementresult filtered this time, Fn-1 is the measurement result filtered last time and Mn isthe newest measurement value. The formula is: , a = 1/2(k/2.K is the filter coefficient. K set to be 0 means L3 is unnecessary.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19)

Default Value Refer to parameter table

SuggestiveValue UE event reporting parameter with measurement value, Ec/No, is 2.

Description forsetting andadjusting

The smaller the filter coefficient is, the greater the measurement result of this timeaffects the measurement result reported to RNC (periodic report) at last or used fordecision (event report).

nnn MaFaF += 1)1(

Intra-frequency Measurement Quantity


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Parameter Name MeasQuantity (Intra-frequency Measurement Quantity)

Refers to TS 25.331

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the intra-frequency

measurement quantity when UE does intra-frequency

measurement.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range 0: CPICH Ec/No, 1: CPICH RSCP, 2: path loss


SuggestiveValue

UE event report parameter with measurement value ofEc/No: CPICH Ec/No

Description for

setting and

adjusting

N/A

Reporting Range Constant for Event 1A/1B Which

satisfies event quality criteria


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satisfies event quality criteria

Parameter Name Reporting Range Constant for Event 1A/1B (Reporting Range Constant for Event 1A/1BWhich satisfies event quality criteria)

Refers to TS 25.331


This parameter controls the triggering of 1a/1b event. The bigger the parameter value is,the easier the 1a event is triggered and the more difficult the 1b event is triggered. On thecontrary, the smaller the parameter is, the more difficult the 1a event is triggered and theeasier the 1b event is triggered.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range (0..14.5)dB step 0.5dB


Suggestive Value 1A 3dB, 1b 5dB


In dense region, soft handover happens very frequently during the movement of UEbecause there are many cells and the cells overlaps a lot. This not only affects thenetwork quality, but also occupied a lot of network resources. So increasing 1A triggering

time and decreasing 1A triggering threshold, decreasing 1B triggering time and increasing1B triggering threshold can decrease soft handover. At the same time, for the region withtremendous signal changes, such as street corner, 1A and 1B triggering time andthreshold should be adjusted towards the negative direction. This can make 1A happen asearly as possible and 1B happen as late as possible and guarantees the handovercompleted smoothly.

Attentions Only valid for event reporting style and 1A/1B event.

Weight for Event 1A/1B Quality Decision


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Parameter Name Weight for Event 1A/1B (Weight for event 1A/1B quality

decision)

Refers to TS 25.331


This parameter is used for event 1A/1B quality decision. Itindicates the weight of quality decision for the cell with

best signal. It has relationship with measurement value

and event category.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range (0.0..2.0) step 0.1


Suggestive Value 0


and adjusting

N/A


Hysteresis Range for Decision


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ParameterName

Hysteresis (Hysteresis range for decision)

Refers to TS 25.331


This parameter indicates the hysteresis when judging whether theevent can satisfy the event triggering condition. Using thisparameter can bring the time duration between starting a certainevent and leaving it. This can avoid triggering state changing withany little change. It has relationship with measurement value andevent category.

Location in

NE

RNC

Value Range (0..7.5)dB step 0.5dB


SuggestiveValue

1A 0 dB, 1B 0 dB, 1C/1D 4 dB, 2D/2F 4dB, 3A 4dB

Descriptionfor settingand adjusting

The bigger the hysteresis is, the longer between starting a certainevent and leaving it.


Time to Trigger


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ParameterName

Time to Trigger (Monitored time interval between the happening andreporting of event)

Refers to TS 25.331

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the monitored time interval between the happening

and reporting of event. Event is only triggered when it is monitored and keepmeeting event triggering condition during the triggering time indicated by this

parameter.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range (0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 640, 1280, 2560,5000)ms


Suggestive

Value

1A 320ms, 1B 1280ms, 1C /1D 320ms, 2D /2F 640ms, 3A 640ms

Description for

setting and

adjusting

The bigger this parameter is set, the stricter the decision for event triggering

is. However, we should set the value of this parameter according to the

need because sometimes setting this value too big may decrease users

communication quality.

Attentions Only valid for event reporting style.

Amount of Periodic Reporting for Event 1a/1b/1c


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ParameterName

Amount of Reporting for Event 1A/1B/1C (Amount of Periodic Reporting forEvent 1a/1b/1c)

Refers to TS 25.331


This parameter indicates the maximum amount of measurement reportingafter triggering event 1a/1b/1c. After event 1a/1b/1c triggering, UE reportsmeasurement results according to reporting time interval. If amount ofreporting is beyond the value indicated by this parameter, UE will stopsreporting measurement results. If the decision indicates that UE has alreadyleft the event 1a/1b/1c, it will stops reporting measurement results even if theamount of reporting is not beyond the value indicated by this parameter.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, Infinity)


SuggestiveValue

2


N/A

Attentions Only valid for event reporting style and corresponding event.

Reporting Interval for Triggering Event 1A/1B/1C


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ParameterName

Reporting Interval for Event 1A/1B/1C (Report interval for triggering event1A/1B/1C)

Refers to TS 25.331


This parameter indicates the interval of periodic measurement reporting afterevent 1A/1B/1C is triggered. After event 1A/1B/1C is triggered, UE reportsmeasurement results according to reporting interval. If amount of reporting isbeyond the value indicated by this parameter, UE will stops reportingmeasurement results. If the decision indicates that UE has already left theevent 1a/1b/1c, it will stops reporting measurement results even if theamount of reporting is not beyond the value indicated by this parameter.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range (0, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000, 16000)ms


SuggestiveValue

1A /1C 2000ms


N/A


Absolute Threshold of the Quality of the Currently

Used Frequency for 2B/2D/2F


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q y

Parameter Name Absolute Threshold of the Quality of the Currently Used Frequency for 2B/2D/2F

Refers to TS 25.331

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the absolute threshold of event 2B/2D/2F (for deciding the

currently used frequency )Location in NE RNC

Value Range Refer to parameter table


Suggestive Value 2D -95dBm, 2F -90dBm

Description for

setting and

adjusting

In dense region, in order to avoid unnecessary inter-RAT handover to increase system

load, we should try to guarantee the continuous coverage of 3G. However, for the scene of

3G edge and highway, UE should handover from 3G to 2G as soon as possible before the

attenuation of 3G signal. This needs to increase the triggering threshold of 2D and

decrease triggering time and hysteresis in order to make UE starting compressed mode.

Attentions ThreshUsedFreq is valid only when RptCrt is equal to 2 (inter-frequency reporting) and

MeaEvtId is equal to 2b/2d/2f. At the same time, the following restriction must be fulfilled:

The value range of ThreshUsedFreq is (-115..-25 ) dB when MeasQuantity is equal to

CPICH RSCP;

The value range of ThreshUsedFreq is (-24..0) dB when MeasQuantity is equal to CPICH

Ec/No.

Absolute Threshold of the Quality of Other

RAT for 3A/3B/3C


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RAT for 3A/3B/3C

ParameterName

Absolute Threshold of the Quality of Other RAT for 3A/3B/3C

Refers to TS 25.331


This parameter indicates the absolute threshold of other RAT for event3A/3B/3C. The value range and unit of this parameter has relationship withcell measurement value in other RAT.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range Refer to parameter table


SuggestiveValue

3A -100dBm


For the scene of 3G edge and highway, UE should handover from 3G to 2Gas soon as possible before the attenuation of 3G signal. This needs todecrease the absolute threshold of the quality of other RAT and make UEstarting compressed mode at the same time in order to complete handoveras soon as possible.


Content


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Handover Parameter


Types of Power Control


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Open LoopEstimate initial transmitted power of channel according to channel

condition

Open LoopEstimate initial transmitted power of channel according to channel

condition

Closed Loop - Inner Loop

Compare measurement SNR with target SNR and send commands

to MS to adjust its transmitted power.

The controlled frequency of WCDMA closed loop power is 1500Hz

Decrease MS transmitted power if SIR > target SIR

Increase MS transmitted power if SIR < target SIR

Closed Loop - Inner Loop

Compare measurement SNR with target SNR and send commands

to MS to adjust its transmitted power.

The controlled frequency of WCDMA closed loop power is 1500Hz

Decrease MS transmitted power if SIR > target SIR

Increase MS transmitted power if SIR < target SIR

Closed Loop Outer Loop

Measure frame error rate and adjust target SNR

Closed Loop Outer Loop

Measure frame error rate and adjust target SNR

Open Loop Power Control of Uplink Public

Channel (PRACH)


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( )

The formula of initial transmitted power of PRACH (PCPCH) is:

z Preamble_Initial_Power = Primary CPICH DL TX power CPICH_RSCP +

UL interference + Constant Value

m-pPStepRampPowerernitial_PowPreamble_IwerPRACH_C_Po ++=

The method of power control of

PRACH:

z If UE sends prefix and not receives

response from NODEB within the

prescribed time, UE will add one

Power_Step to the transmitted powerof the last prefix when it sends the

next prefix.

z If UE sends prefix and receives

response from NODEB within the

prescribed time, for PRACH, UE willsend the message with adding the

power offset between the parts of

message and prefix to the original

power.

Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)


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M e s sa g e p a r tP r e a m b l e

4 0 9 6 c h ip s1 0 m s (o n e r a d io f ra m e )

P re a m b le P re a m b le

M e s sa g e p a r tP r e a m b l e

4 0 9 6 c h ip s 2 0 m s (tw o r a d io f ra m e s )

P re a m b le P re a m b le

D a t a

N d a t a b it s

S lo t # 0 S lo t # 1 S lo t # i S lo t # 1 4

T s l o t = 2 5 6 0 c h ip s , 1 0 b it s

D a t a

C o n t r o l

T s l o t = 2 5 6 0 c h ip s , N d a t a = 1 0 * 2k

b it s ( k = 0 ..3 )

P ilo t

N p il o t b i t sT F C I

N T F C I b i t s

M e s s a g e p a r t ra d io f r a m e T R A C H = 1 0 m s

Open Loop Power Control of Uplink Dedicated

Channel (DPCCH/DPDCH)


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The main function of uplink dedicated channel (DPCCH/DPDCH)open loop power control:

z Confirm the initial transmitted power of DPCCH.

z Confirm the gain factorc and d of uplink control physicalchannel and uplink data physical channel.

The formula for calculating the initial transmitted power of DPCCH is:DPCCH_Initial_power = DPCCH_Power_offset - CPICH_RSCP


z The value of DPCCH_Power_offset is confirmed by open loop

power control method. The formula isDPCCH_Power_offset=Eb/NodB+NT+IT(dBm)-PG(dB)+CPICH_TX_Power

z The value of CPICH_RSCP is the channel code of CPICHmeasured by UE.

Confirmation ofc and dz Use different principles according to the characteristic of single

service and mixed service.

z Single service: obtained directly through TFC format;

z Mixed service: RNC calculates it according to reference TFC

Frame Structure of Uplink Dedicated Physical

Channel (DPCH)


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Pilot

Npilot bits

TPC

NTPC bits

Data

Ndata bits

Slot #0 Slot #1 Slot #i Slot #14

Tslot = 2560 chips, 10 bits

1 radio frame: Tf= 10 ms

DPDCH

DPCCHFBI

NFBI bitsTFCI

NTFCI bits

Tslot = 2560 chips, Ndata = 10*2kbits (k=0..6)

Open Loop Power Control of Downlink Public

Channel


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The main function of downlink public channel openloop power control:

z Confirm the power deployment of public channel

P-CPICH 30-33 dBm

BCH -3 dB

P-SCH -3 dB

S-SCH -3 dB

PICH -7 dB

PCH -3 dB

AICH -7 dB

Open Loop Power Control of Downlink

Dedicated Channel (DPCH)


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The confirmation of the initial power of downlinkdedicated channel:

Initial transmitted power of data domain of DPCH

uses the predicted power algorithm based onCPICH Ec/N0. That is to calculate the initialtransmitted power according to parameters ofCPICH such as Ec/N0.

On DPCH, besides data bits, TFCI, TPC and PILOTbits are also reused. Because the informationbrought by these bits is important, the power needs

to be larger than data domain. The configuration ofpower uses the offset of data domain which isindicated by PO1 (DpchPO1), PO2 (DpchPO2) andPO3 (DpchPO3).

The Frame Structure of Downlink Dedicated

Physical Channel (DPCH)


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One radio frame, Tf= 10 ms

TPCNTPC bits

Slot #0 Slot #1 Slot #i Slot #14

Tslot = 2560 chips, 10*2kbits (k=0..7)

Data2Ndata2 bits

DPDCH

TFCINTFCI bits

PilotNpilot bits

Data1Ndata1 bits

DPDCH DPCCH DPCCH

Inner Loop Power Control


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Inner loop power control is divided into uplink innerloop power control and downlink inner loop powercontrol. For all of them, the same basic principle is to

compare the power with target SIR and then adjustthe power. And downlink inner loop control involvesthe problem of power balance.

The choice of uplink inner loop power control

algorithm:z One inner loop power control in 1 time slot

z One inner loop power control in 5 time slots

The choice of downlink inner loop power controlalgorithm:

z One inner loop power control in 1 time slot

z One inner loop power control in 3 time slots


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Downlink Power Balance


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On the condition of soft handover or macrodiversity, one UE cancommunicates with all the cells in the active set. UE sends the same TPCcommands to the cells in the active set when processing downlink inner looppower control. But because of the different broadcast route for each radio link,it is possible that some cells receives wrong TPC commands caused by wrongcode sent by TPC commands. It causes that some cells increase downlink

transmitted power and the others decrease downlink power transmitted power.Then power drift appears. Downlink power balance is the method used to solvepower drift.

The simple formula is shown below, Pbal should be calculated as:

The variables in the formula are defined as follows:z Pref is reference power. Its value is equal to DL Reference Power (this value

can be calculated by transmitted code power of NodeB periodic reporting (TCP:PILOT domain transmitted power of DPCH));

z PP-CPICH is the transmitted power of primary CPICH;

z Pinit is the code power of the last time slot in the previous adjustment period. Ifthe last time slot in the previous period is within the transmission interval (undercompressed mode), Pinit is equal to the code power in the transmission intervalbefore;

z r is the adjusted coefficient of convergence (AdjRatio). It is between 0 and 1.

(1 ) ( )b a l r e f P C P I C H i n i t

P r P P P= +

DPCH Power Control Preamble Length


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Parameter Name DPCH PC Preamble Length

Refers to TS 25.331

Parameter

Description

For uplink DPCH, it is necessary to send power control prefix

before sending data channel. Closed loop power control hasalready started before sending power control prefix. This can

guarantee that the power of data channel meets the

requirement.

Location in NE Cell

Value Range [07] Frames step 1

Default Value 0 Frames

Suggestive Value 0 Frames

Description for

setting and

adjusting

N/A

Uplink Inner Loop Power Control Algorithm


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Parameter Name Uplink Inner Loop Power Control Algorithm

Refers to TS 25.331

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates which algorithm of uplink

inner loop power control is used. For algorithm 1,inner loop power control executes in every time slot.

And for algorithm 2, inner loop power control

executes in every 5 time slots.

Location in NE RNCValue Range 1: algorithm 1; 2: algorithm 2

Default Value 1: algorithm 1

Suggestive Value 1: algorithm 1

Description for

setting and

adjusting

N/A

TPC Step Size of Uplink Inner Loop Power Control


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Parameter Name TPC Step Size (TPC Step Size of Uplink Inner Loop

Power Control)

Refers to TS 25.331

Parameter Description This parameter indicates the TPC step size of uplinkinner loop power control. This parameter needs to be set

only when algorithm 1 is chosen for uplink inner loop

power control algorithm. For algorithm 2, TPC step size is

equal to the default value (1) and unnecessary to be set.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range [1, 2] dB

Default Value 1dB



and adjusting

N/A

Downlink Power Control Mode of Inner Loop


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Parameter Name DPC Mode (Downlink Power Control Mode of Inner Loop)

Refers to TS 25.331

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates which algorithm of downlink power

control of inner loop is used. There are two kind of downlink

power control of inner loop, single time slot and 3 time slots.Which algorithm should be used needs to be sent to UE.

This parameter indicates which algorithm of uplink inner loop

power control is used. For algorithm 1, inner loop power

control executes in every time slot. And for algorithm 2, inner

loop power control executes in every 5 time slots.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range 0: single time slot mode; 1: 3 time slots mode

Default Value 0: single time slot mode

Suggestive Value 0: 3 time slots mode

Description for

setting and

adjusting

N/A

TPC Step Size of Downlink Inner Loop Power

Control


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Parameter Name TPC DL Step Size (TPC Step Size of Downlink Inner LoopPower Control)

Refers to TS 25.433

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the TPC step size of downlink inner

loop power control. The value of this parameter is usually setto smaller in the stable channel. And the value is usually set

to bigger in the harsh radio environment.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2) dB

Default Value 1 dB

Suggestive Value 1 dB

Description for

setting and

adjusting

N/A


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DPCH Minimum Downlink Transmitted Power


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Parameter Name DPCH Minimum DL Power (DPCH Minimum Downlink TransmittedPower)

Refers to TS 25.433

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the downlink minimum transmitted power of

DPCH. When executing downlink inner loop power control, the newtransmitted power must be more than or equal to the configuration of

DPCH minimum downlink transmitted power. If the new transmitted

power is smaller than the configuration of DPCH minimum downlink

transmitted power, it must be set equal to DPCH minimum downlink

transmitted power.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range [-3515 ] dB step 0.1 dB

Default Value

Suggestive Value The same as Default Value

Description for

setting and adjusting

Be relative to service subcategory, and MaxDlDpchPwr>

MinDlDpchPwr

Uplink DPCH Maximum Transmitted Power


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Parameter Name Maximum Allowed Uplink DPCH Transmission Power (Uplink

DPCH Maximum Transmitted Power)

Refers to TS 25.331

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the uplink DPCH maximum

transmitted power of UE. When executing uplink inner power

control, the transmitted power calculated by UE may be

bigger than the value of this parameter. On this condition, UE

can only transmit with the configuration of uplink DPCH

maximum transmitted power.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range [-5033] dBm step 1

Default Value 33dBm

Suggestive Value 33dBm

Description for

setting and

adjusting

N/A

AckPwrOffset


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Parameter Name HS-DPCCH ACK Power Offset for Single Radio Link orIntra-NodeB Handover

Refers to TS 25.331, TS 25.433

Parameter

Description

This parameter indicates the relative configuration value

of power during HS-DPCCH ACK handover on single

link or in intra-NodeB. It is the power offset relative to

DPCCH.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range [08]

Default Value 6

Suggestive

Value

6

Description for

setting and

adjusting

N/A


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CqiPwrOffset


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Parameter Name HS-DPCCH CQI Power Offset for Single Radio Link or

Intra-NodeB Handover



This parameter indicates the relative configuration valueof power during HS-DPCCH CQI handover on single

link or in intra-NodeB. It is the power offset relative to

DPCCH.

Location in NE RNCValue Range [08]

Default Value 5

SuggestiveValue

5

Description for

setting and

adjusting

N/A

InterAckPwrOfst


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Parameter Name HS-DPCCH ACK Power Offset for Inter-NodeBHandover



This parameter indicates the relative configurationvalue of power during HS-DPCCH ACK handover in

inter-NodeB. It is the power offset relative to DPCCH.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range [08]

Default Value 6

Suggestive Value 6

Description for

setting and

adjusting

N/A

InterNackPwrOfst


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Parameter Name HS-DPCCH NACK Power Offset for Inter-NodeB

Handover



This parameter indicates the relative configuration valueof power during HS-DPCCH NACK handover in inter-

NodeB. It is the power offset relative to DPCCH.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range [08]

Default Value 6

Suggestive Value 6

Description for

setting and

adjusting

N/A

InterCqiPwrOfst

P t N HS DPCCH CQI P Off t f I t N d B


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Parameter Name HS-DPCCH CQI Power Offset for Inter-NodeBHandover



This parameter indicates the relative configurationvalue of power during HS-DPCCH CQI handover in

inter-NodeB. It is the power offset relative to DPCCH.

Location in NE RNC

Value Range [08]

Default Value 5

Suggestive Value 5

Description for

setting and

adjusting

N/A


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WPO-17 WCDMA URTAN Parameter Introduction-89

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