23
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 Reference Laboratory Contract Report 1/31/2013 WRLFMD
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 Reference Laboratory Contract Report 1/31/2013 WRLFMD
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
2
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WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
3
OIE/FAO Reference Laboratory Contract Report1,2
October-December 2012
Foot-and-Mouth Disease
1N.B. The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute. For presentation,
publication or any other public use, please contact Dr. Jef Hammond, The Pirbright Institute,
[email protected]. 2 Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from Dr. Jef Hammond, The Pirbright
Institute, [email protected].
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
4
Summary
ASIA
PR China
On the 19/11/2012 an outbreak of FMD type O was reported in pigs in Puwan New District, Dalian,
Liaoning province (adjacent to the Democratic People's Republic of Korea). On 12/12/2012 another
outbreak due to FMD type O was reported in pigs in Xinbei, Changzhou, Jiangsu province which lies
on the east coast of China. No genotyping has been reported.
Pakistan
Thirty-three samples were received in December 2012 and the results of typing and genotyping are
pending and will be reported in the first quarter of 2013.
Sri Lanka
Five FMD type O viruses collected from three Sir Lankan provinces between 2009 and 2012 were
closely related to each other and to other Sri Lankan viruses previously submitted. The phylogenetic
tree suggests that this unnamed linage has been in circulation in Sri Lanka since at least the late 1990’s.
Taiwan Province of China
On the 24/09/2012 and 03/10/2012 two outbreaks of FMD type O were reported in pigs in Yuanshan
Township (Outbreak 2), I-Lan County. Subsequently, on 23/11/2012 a third outbreak was reported in
pigs in Dongshih Township, Yun-Lin County. The later outbreak was confirmed as FMD type O only
by serology. No genotyping has been reported on the first two outbreaks.
Vietnam
Three FMD type O viruses from the south of Vietnam (collected in April and November 2012)
belonged to the ME-SA topotype, PanAsia lineage. They were closely related to each other and to other
viruses circulating in Southeast Asia. Six FMD type A viruses (collected in October 2012 in Ho Chi
Minh City) belonged to the ASIA topotype, Sea-97 lineage and were closely related to each other and
to viruses from Thailand and Malaysia from 2011-2012.
AFRICA
Botswana
Twenty-one FMDV SAT 2 viruses (received from the BVI) from outbreaks in the Maun Veterinary
District (Matsebe Crush, Spanplek Crush and Nokaneng) all belonged to topotype III, but those from
Matsebe Crush and Nokaneng could be distinguished from those from Spanplek Crush suggesting the
presence of two distinct evolutionary lineages in the district.
Egypt
Four FMD type O viruses from samples collected throughout Egypt belonged to topotype EA-3 and
were very closely related to viruses from Eritrea and Ethiopia, suggesting a recent introduction and
widespread occurrence in Egypt. A similar virus has also been detected in Libya, close to the Egyptian
border. Three FMD type A viruses belonged to the AFRICA topotype, G-IV lineage and were closely
related to viruses from Sudan in 2011, again suggesting a recent introduction of this lineage into Egypt.
The samples came from Luxor and Giza, widely separated areas. Seven FMD type SAT 2 viruses (all
from the north-east Delta area) belonged to topotype VII, Ghb-12 lineage and were closely related to
each other and to SAT 2’s previously found to be widely distributed in Egypt.
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
5
Tanzania
Two FMD type O viruses (from Arusha) belonged to the EA-2 topotype and were closely related to
each other and next most closely related to viruses from Kenya in 2010-2011. Two FMD type A
viruses (also from Arusha) belonging to the AFRICA topotype, G-I lineage, were identical to each
other and related to viruses from Kenya and Tanzania in 2008-2009 and viruses from the DR Congo in
2011. Eight FMD SAT 1 viruses from Manyara belonged to topotype I (NWZ) and were related to
older viruses from Tanzania and Kenya (1999-2011). Seventeen FMD type SAT 2 viruses (14 from
Mara and three from Manyara belonged to topotype IV and were closely related to viruses from
Tanzania and Kenya in 2011.
Zambia
Two FMDV SAT 2 samples (received from the BVI) from an outbreak in Mbala, Northern Zambia in
February 2012 belonged to topotype IV and were closely related to viruses from Tanzania (2011-2012).
Four FMDV SAT 1 viruses from outbreaks in the Kazangula area in June 2012 belonged to topotype
III (WZ) but were not closely related to other SAT 1 viruses.
SOUTH AMERICA
No new outbreaks of FMD were reported in the region.
Uncharacterised FMD viruses
A number of outbreaks have occurred where samples have not been sent to the WRLFMD®. It is probable
that the countries involved have performed their own genetic characterisation; however, through the
OIE/FAO laboratory network we would also like to encourage the submission of samples (or complete VP1
sequences) to the WRLFMD®.
An up-to-date list and reports of FMD viruses characterised by sequencing can be found at the following
website: http://www.wrlfmd.org/fmd_genotyping/2012.htm.
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
6
Results from samples received at WRLFMD® (status of samples being tested) are shown in Table 1 and a
complete list of clinical sample diagnostics made by the WRLFMD® between October and December 2012 is
shown in Annex 1 Table A. A record of all samples received to the Pirbright Institute (October to December
2012) is shown in Annex 1 Table B.
Table 1: Status of sequencing of samples received by the WRLFMD® from October to December 2012.
Batch Date Recd. Country Serotype No. of samples No. of sequences Status
WRLFMD/2012/00031 08/08/2012 Tanzania O 2 2 Completed
A 2 2 Completed
SAT 1 9 9 Completed
SAT 2 17 16 Completed*
WRLFMD/2012/00032 02/10/2012 Egypt O 4 4 Completed
A 3 3 Completed
SAT 2 7 7 Completed
WRLFMD/2012/00033 25/10/2012 Sri Lanka O 6 5 Completed*
WRLFMD/2012/00034 16/11/2012 Vietnam O 3 3 Completed
A 6 6 Completed
WRLFMD/2012/00035 28/09/2012 Botswana SAT 2 23 23 Completed
WRLFMD/2012/00036 28/09/2012 Zambia SAT 1 4 4 Completed
SAT 2 2 2 Completed
WRLFMD/2012/00037 13/12/2012 Pakistan
33
Typing pending
Total 121 86
*, one sample was VP1 RT-PCR negative
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
7
Detailed Analysis:
ASIA
Sri Lanka
WRLFMD/2012/00033
Date received: 25/10/2012
No. of samples: 16
O/ME-SA/unnamed lineage: 6
NVD: 10
O/SRL/1/2009
O/SRL/1/2010
O/SRL/3/2010
O/SRL/3/2009
O/SRL/9/2010
O/SRL/13/2010
O/SRL/2/2012
O/SRL/7/99
O/SRL/1/2000
O/SRL/5/99
O/IND/413/98* (PD-FMD)
O/SRL/2/97
O/SRL/3/99
O/SRL/9/99
O/SRL/2/2000
O/SRL/1/99
O/SRL/4/99
O/SRL/6/99
Ind-2001
O/BHU/2/2002 (DQ165037)
O/BHU/38/2002 (DQ165038)
PanAsia
PanAsia-2
O/IND/53/79 (AF292107)
Pak-98
O/IND/R2/75* (AF204276)
O1/Manisa/TUR/69 (AY593823)
ME-SA
SEA
EA-3
EA-4
WA
EA-1
EA-2
CATHAY
ISA-1
ISA-2
EURO-SA
100
100
100
100
99
77
99
100
76
78
99
99
81
100
92
90
100
100
100
82
96
72
88
0.02
100 km
60 mi
© Daniel Dalet / d-maps.com
Northern
North
Western
North Central
Central
Southern
Eastern
Western Uva
SRL/3/2009
SRL/2/2012SRL/6/2010
SRL/7/2010
SRL/10/2010
SRL/12/2010
SRL/8/2010
SRL/9/2010
SRL/13/2010
SRL/2/2010
SRL/11/2010
SRL/3/2010
SRL/2/2011
SRL/5/2010
SRL/1/2012SRL/4/2010
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
8
Vietnam
WRLFMD/2012/00034
Date received: 16/11/2012
No. of samples: 9
O/ME-SA/PanAsia: 3
A/ASIA/Sea-97: 6
150 km
© Daniel Dalet / d-maps.com
100 mi
VIT/15/2012
VIT/16/2012
VIT/17/2012
VIT/18/2012
VIT/19/2012
VIT/20/2012
VIT/14/2012
VIT/21/2012
VIT/22/2012
O/VIT/21/2010
O/VIT/23/2010
O/VIT/20/2010
O/LAO/1/2011
O/LAO/2/2011
O/CAM/5/2010
O/CAM/8/2010
O/VIT/8/2010
O/VIT/12/2010
O/VIT/6/2010
O/VIT/7/2010
O/VIT/9/2010
O/VIT/19/2010
O/VIT/14/2010
O/VIT/23/2011
O/VIT/3/2010
O/VIT/14/2012
O/VIT/22/2010
O/VIT/1/2011
O/VIT/10/2010
O/VIT/11/2010
O/CAM/4/2010
O/CAM/2/2010
O/VIT/13/2010
O/CAM/1/2010
O/CAM/3/2010
O/CAM/6/2010
O/VIT/4/2010
O/VIT/21/2012
O/VIT/22/2012
O/VIT/32/2011
O/VIT/3/2011
O/VIT/29/2011
O/VIT/31/2011
O/VIT/1/2012
O/VIT/15/2011
O/CHA/7/2011* (JF837375)
O/VIT/7/2011
O/VIT/12/2011
O/VIT/9/2011
O/VIT/4/2011
O/LAO/2/2010
O/VIT/17/2011
O/VIT/5/2011
O/VIT/6/2011
O/VIT/16/2011
O/VIT/37/2011
O/VIT/14/2011
O/VIT/13/2011
O/VIT/36/2011
O/TAI/7/2011
O/UKG/35/2001 (AJ539141)
PanAsia
PanAsia-2
Irn-2001
Ind-2001
Pak-98
O/IND/53/79 (AF292107)
O/IND/R2/75* (AF204276)
O1/Manisa/TUR/69 (AY593823)
ME-SA
SEA
EA-2
EA-3
EA-4
WA
EA-1
CATHAY
ISA-1
ISA-2
EURO-SA
100
100
99
100
99
99
100
83
75
90
87
99
99
78
90
100
0.02
A/VIT/19/2012
A/VIT/20/2012
A/VIT/18/2012
A/VIT/17/2012
A/VIT/16/2012
A/VIT/15/2012
A/TAI/15/2011
A/TAI/24/2011
A/TAI/18/2011
A/TAI/12/2011
A/TAI/17/2011
A/MAY/19/2011
A/MAY/3/2012
A/MAY/4/2012
A/TAI/1/2012
A/TAI/2/2012
A/TAI/13/2011
A/TAI/6/2011
A/TAI/8/2011
A/TAI/9/2011
A/TAI/23/2011
A/TAI/11/2011
A/MAY/2/2011
A/TAI/10/2011
A/TAI/19/2011
A/TAI/20/2011
A/TAI/10/2012
A/TAI/3/2011
A/TAI/16/2011
A/TAI/8/2010
A/THA 69-6/10* (TRRL)
A/TAI/1/2011
A/THA 66-1/10* (TRRL)
A/TAI/7/2010
A/THA 67-3/10* (TRRL)
A/MAY/17/2011
A/MAY/4/2011
A/MAY/5/2012
A/MAY/20/2011
A/TAI/9/2012
A/TAI/6/2012
A/TAI/8/2012
A/TAI/5/2012
A/TAI/3/2012
A/TAI/4/2012
A/TAI 3/12*
A/TAI 4/12*
A/TAI/7/2012
A/TAI/12/2012
A/MAY/1/2012
A/TAI/7/2003 (HQ116312)
A/TAI/2/97 (EF208778)
Sea-97
Thai-87
Iran-87
A22/IRQ/64 (AY593763)
Iran-96
Iran-99
Iran-05
A15/Bangkok/TAI/60 (AY593755)
ASIA
EURO-SA A23/Kitale/KEN/64 (AY593766)
AFRICA
99
87
76
99
99
88
98
99
99
99
95
91
90
75
75
99
77
72
76
0.02
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
9
AFRICA
Botswana WRLFMD/2012/00035
Date received: 28/09/2012
No. of samples: 21
SAT2/III: 21
SAT2/BOT/5/2007
SAT2/BOT/6/2007
SAT2/BOT/3/2007
SAT2/BOT/2/2007
SAT2/BOT/7/2008
SAT2/BOT/11/2008
SAT2/BOT/9/2008
SAT2/BOT/16/2008
SAT2/BOT/18/2008
SAT2/BOT/10/2008
SAT2/BOT/6/2008
SAT2/BOT/8/2008
SAT2/BOT/2/2009
SAT2/BOT/3/2009
SAT2/BOT/4/2009
SAT2/BOT 02/11* (BVI)
SAT2/BOT/1/2011
SAT2/BOT/2/2011
SAT2/BOT/6/2009
SAT2/BOT/7/2009
SAT2/BOT/8/2009
SAT2/BOT/5/2009
SAT2/BOT/9/2012
SAT2/BOT/17/2012
SAT2/BOT/16/2012
SAT2/BOT/12/2012
SAT2/BOT/10/2012
SAT2/BOT/14/2012
SAT2/BOT12/12* (BVI)
SAT2/BOT/11/2012
SAT2/BOT/8/2012
SAT2/BOT/13/2012
SAT2/BOT/15/2012
SAT2/BOT/18/2012
SAT2/BOT14/12* (BVI)
SAT2/BOT/20/2012
SAT2/BOT/21/2012
SAT2/BOT/19/2012
SAT2/BOT/p11/2012* (BVI)
SAT2/BOT/p52/2012* (BVI)
SAT2/BOT/5/2012
SAT2/BOT/7/2012
SAT2/BOT/1/2012
SAT2/BOT/2/2012
SAT2/BOT/p08/2012* (BVI)
SAT2/BOT/3/2012
SAT2/BOT/4/2012
SAT2/BOT/6/2012
SAT2/BOT/P3/98 (buffalo 29) (AF367124)
SAT2/RHO/1/48 (AY593847)
III
IV
I
XI
II
V
VI
X
XII
IX
XIII
XIV
VII
VIII
99
99
97
99
99
98
83
7574
92
99
72
95
95
99
99
72
94
77
77
84
99
99
99
99
96
88
73
96
99
0.05
150 km
100 mi
© Daniel Dalet / d-maps.com
Ghanzi
Kgalagadi
Kgatleng
Central
Kweneng
North-East
Ngamiland
South-EastSouthern
BOT/1-21/2012
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
10
Egypt WRLFMD/2012/00032
Date received: 02/10/2012
No. of samples: 21
O/EA-3: 4
A/AFRICA/G-IV: 3
SAT2/VII/Ghb-12: 7
FMDV-GD: 4
NVD: 3
O/ERI/1/2011
O/ETH/26/2011
O/EGY/27/2012
O/EGY/19/2012
O/ERI/13/2011
O/EGY/26/2012
O/ERI/3/2011
O/ERI/18/2011
O/ERI/10/2011
O/ERI/17/2011
O/ERI/12/2011
O/EGY/25/2012
O/LIB/54/2012
O/ERI/11/2011
O/ETH/7/2012
O/ERI/2/2011
O/ERI/8/2011
O/ERI/16/2011
O/ETH/59/2011
O/ERI/14/2011
O/ERI/15/2011
O/ERI/4/2011
O/ETH/28/2011
O/SUD/9/2011
O/SUD/5/2008 (GU566061)
O/SUD/6/2008 (GU566062)
O/SUD/3/2008 (GU566059)
O/SUD/4/2008 (GU566060)
O/SUD/2/2010
O/SUD/1/2009
O/SUD/1/2010
O/SUD/3/99 (GU566043)
O/SUD/4/99 (GU566044)
O/SUD/1/99 (DQ165076)
O/SUD/1/2005 (GU566056)
O/SUD/2/2005 (GU566057)
O/SUD/3/2005 (GU566058)
O/NIG/1/2007
O/SUD/8/2008 (GU566063)
O/SUD/11/2011
O/SUD/12/2004 (GU566049)
O/SUD/25/2004 (GU566053)
O/SUD/30/2004 (GU566055)
O/SUD/9/2004 (GU566048)
O/SUD/4/2004 (GU566047)
O/SUD/14/2004 (GU566050)
O/SUD/15/2004 (GU566051)
O/SUD/16/2004 (GU566052)
O/SUD/3/2004 (GU566046)
O/SUD/1/2004 (GU566045)
O/SUD/26/2004 (GU566054)
O/SUD/2/89 (GU566037)
O/SUD/2/86 (DQ165075)
O/SUD/7/89 (GU566042)
O/SUD/3/89 (1987)(GU566038)
O/SUD/4/89 (1987)(GU566039)
O/SUD/5/89 (1987)(GU566040)
O/SUD/6/89 (1988)(GU566041)
EA-3
EA-2
EA-4
WA
EA-1
SEA
ME-SA
ISA-1
CATHAY
ISA-2
EURO-SA
0.02
Monufia North Sinai
Port Said
Sharqia
Matrouh
Minya
Qalyubia
South Sinai
Suez
Luxor
New Valley
Qena
Red Sea
Sohag
Alexandria
Aswan
Asyut
Beheira
Beni Suef
Cairo
Dakahlia Damietta
Faiyum
Gharbia
Giza
Ismailia
Kafr el-Sheikh
200 km
100 mi
© Daniel Dalet / d-maps.com
EGY/24/2012
EGY/25/2012
EGY/26/2012
EGY/18/2012
EGY/20/2012
EGY/19/2012
EGY/33/2012
EGY/35/2012
EGY/36/2012
EGY/21/2012
EGY/22/2012
EGY/31/2012
EGY/30/2012
EGY/32/2012
EGY/28/2012
EGY/34/2012
EGY/27/2012
EGY/16/2012
EGY/17/2012
EGY/29/2012
EGY/23/2012
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
11
A/NIG/5/2009 (JN680713)
A/NIG/17/2009 (JN680725)
A/NIG/10/2009 (JN680718)
A/NIG/8/2009 (JN680716)
A/NIG/13/2009 (JN680721)
A/NIG/14/2009 (JN680722)
A/NIG/7/2009 (JN680715)
A/NIG/12/2009 (JN680720)
A/NIG/15/2009 (JN680723)
A/NIG/6/2009 (JN680714)
A/NIG/11/2009 (JN680719)
A/NIG/18/2009 (JN680726)
A/NIG/19/2009 (JN680727)
A/NIG/20/2009 (JN680728)
A/NIG/21/2009 (JN680729)
A/NIG/1/2009 (JN680709)
A/NIG/2/2009 (JN680710)
A/NIG/4/2009 (JN680712)
A/NIG/16/2009 (JN680724)
A/NIG/3/2009
A/NIG/38/2009
A/NIG/39/2009
A/NIG/36/2009
A/MAI/4/2004
A/MAI/12/2006
A/TOG/9/2005
A/CAR/12/2000
A/CAR/13/2000
A/CAR/14/2000
A/CAR/15/2000 (EF208755)
A/CAR/P19/2000 (mfa/057/01)
A/CAR/115/2005
A/CAR/116/2005
A/CAR/36/2005
A/CAR/P22/2000 (fke/066/08)
A/ERI/3/97
A/ERI/2/98
A/ERI/3/98
A/ERI/5/2006
A/ERI/16/2009
A/ERI/4/2007
A/ERI/1/2008
A/SUD/1/2006 (GU566069)
A/ERI/1/2006
A/ERI/5/2008
A/ERI/40/2009
A/SUD/3/2006 (GU566070)
A/SUD/1/2011
A/SUD/6/2011
A/SUD/7/2011
A/SUD/13/2011
A/SUD/12/2011
A/EGY/18/2012
A/EGY/20/2012
A/EGY/1/2012
A/EGY-B-2012*
A/EGY/30/2012
A/EGY-5-2012*
A/SUD/3/77 (GU566064)
A/SUD/1/81 (GU566065)
A/SUD/2/84 (GU566067)
A/SUD/1/85 (GU566068)
G-IV
G-VII
G-II
G-I
G-III
G-VI
G-V
A23/Kitale/KEN/64 (AY593766)
AFRICA
EURO-SA
ASIA
0.02
SAT2/NIG/3/2008
SAT2/NIG/8/2008
SAT2/NIG/2/2008
SAT2/NIG/1/2008
SAT2/NIG/4/2008
SAT2/NIG/2/2007 (JX570636)
SAT2/NIG/5/2008
SAT2/NIG/6/2008
SAT2/NIG/7/2008
SAT2/SUD/1/2007 (GU566071)
SAT2/LIB/39/2012 (JX570633)
SAT2/LIB/40/2012 (JX570634)
SAT2/LIB/41/2012 (JX570635)
Lib-12
SAT2/LIB/1/2003 (JX570631)
SAT2/LIB/7/2003 (JX570632)
SAT2/NGR/15/2005
Lib-03
SAT2/SEN/27/2009
SAT2/SAU/6/2000 (AF367135)
SAT2/CAR/P12/2000 (VDI 44/1)(HM211082)
SAT2/ERI/12/98 (AF367126)
SAT2/ERI/1/98 (AY343933)
SAT2/ERI/4/98 (AY343934)
SAT2/CAR/104/2005
SAT2/CAR/85/2005
SAT2/CAR/50/2005
SAT2/CAR/1/2005 (JX570615)
SAT2/CAR/119/2005
SAT2/EGY/9/2012 (JX570622)
SAT2/EGY/11/2012 (JX570624)
SAT2/EGY/28/2012
SAT2/EGY/16/2012
SAT2/EGY/17/2012
SAT2/EGY/3/2012 (JX570618)
SAT2/EGY/13/2012 (JX570625)
SAT2/EGY/7/2012* (JX013978)
SAT2/EGY/21/2012
SAT2/EGY/15/2012 (JX570627)
SAT2/EGY/26/2012* (JX013979)
SAT2/EGY/14/2012 (JX570626)
SAT2/EGY/22/2012
SAT2/EGY/23/2012* (JX013980)
SAT2/EGY/4/2012 (JX570619)
SAT2/EGY/5/2012 (JX570620)
SAT2/EGY/6/2012 (JX570621)
SAT2/EGY/10/2012 (JX570623)
SAT2/EGY/31/2012
SAT2/EGY/29/2012
SAT2/PAT/1/2012 (JX570637)
Ghb-12
SAT2/EGY/2/2012 (JX570617)
SAT2/SUD/4/2010Alx-12
SAT2/UGA/MBF-4/2002 (buffalo)(FJ461346)
VII
XIV
XIII
VIII
IX
XII
X
XI
V
VI
II
I
III
IV
0.05
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
12
Tanzania WRLFMD/2012/00031
Date received: 08/08/2012
No. of samples: 49
O/EA-2: 2
A/AFRICA/G-I: 2
SAT1/I: 9
SAT2/IV: 16
SAT2 (RT-PCR neg): 1
FMDV-GD: 14
NVD: 5
200 km
100 mi
© Daniel Dalet / d-maps.com
Arusha
Dar es Salaam
Dodoma
Iringa
Kagera
Kigoma
Kilimanjaro
Lindi
Manyara
Mara
Mwanza
Tabora
Shinyanga
Rukwa
Mbeya
Ruvuma Mtwara
Morogoro
Singida
Pwani
TangaPemba North
Pemba South
Zanzibar Central/South
Zanzibar NorthZanzibar Urban/West
O
A
SAT 1
SAT 2
FMDV-GD
NVD
TAN/13/2011
TAN/42/2012
TAN/12/2011
TAN/43/2012
TAN/40/2012
TAN/41/2012
TAN/38/2012
TAN/39/2012
TAN/18/2012
TAN/19/2012
TAN/32/2012
TAN/21/2012
TAN/24/2012
TAN/29/2012
TAN/30/2012
TAN/31/2012
TAN/33/2012
TAN/46/2012
TAN/20/2012
TAN/26/2012
TAN/28/2012
TAN/11/2012
TAN/12/2012
TAN/22/2012
TAN/23/2012
TAN/25/2012
TAN/44/2012
TAN/45/2012
TAN/27/2012
TAN/27/2012
TAN/2/2012
TAN/4/2012
TAN/6/2012
TAN/8/2012
TAN/17/2012
TAN/1/2012
TAN/3/2012
TAN/5/2012
TAN/7/2012
TAN/9/2012
TAN/10/2012
TAN/13/2012
TAN/14/2012
TAN/15/2012
TAN/16/2012
TAN/34/2012
TAN/35/2012
TAN/36/2012
TAN/37/2012
O/KEN/1/2008
O/K1/08* (HM756635)
O/KEN/3/2008
O/K4/08* (HM756636)
O/KEN/15/2008
O/K32/08* (HM756640)
O/KEN/4/2008
O/KEN/9/2008
O/KEN/10/2008
O/TAN/2/2004
O/TAN/3/2004
O/TAN/12/2004
O/KEN/10/2005
O/KEN/27/2005
O/KEN/14/2005
O/K48/05* (HM756624)
O/TAN/38/2012
O/TAN/39/2012
O/KEN/137/2010
O/KEN/151/2010
O/KEN/15/2011
O/KEN/16/2011
O/KEN/145/2010
O/KEN/146/2010
O/KEN/150/2010
O/TAN/16/2008
O/K117/99* (HM625676HM756603)
O/K131/00* (HM756609)
O/BUN/1/2003
O/BUN/2/2003
O/BUN/3/2003
O/BUN/6/2003
O/BUN/7/2003
O/K55/03* (HM756617)
O/K130/00* (HM756608)
O/K11/93* (HM756598)
O/KEN/5/2002 (DQ165073)
O/K14/08* (HM756638)
O/K5/05* (HM756622)
O/K79/02* (HM756616)
O/K61/01* (HM756615)
O/KEN/29/2004
O/KEN/23/2004
O/KEN/24/2004
O/K109/00* (HM756606)
O/K45/01* (HM756614)
O/KEN/22/98
O/K82/98* (HM756602)
O/KEN/3/99
O/UGA/3/2002 (DQ165077)
O/UGA/6/2002
O/UGA/7/03* (EU919243)
O/KEN/3/2002
O/Kapchorwa/UGA/KPR-1/02* (FJ461345)
O/UGA/4/2004
O/UGA/5/2004
O/UGA/5/2002
O/Kumi/UGA/EL-1/02* (FJ461344)
O/K117/00* (HM756607)
O/K145/00* (HM756611)
O/K141/00* (HM756610)
O/UGA/3/2001
O/UGA/11/2000
O/K147/00* (HM756612)
O/K150/00* (HM756613)
O/TAN/1/2004
O/MAL/1/98 (DQ165074)
O/ZAM/1/2000
O/ZAM/2/2000
O/K11/08* (HM756637)
EA-2
WA
EA-1
EA-4
EA-3
SEA
ME-SA
CATHAY
ISA-1
ISA-2
EURO-SA
100
100
100
99
99
87
96
99
84
88
79
87
99
86
100
100
79
100
99
94
93
99
86
73
99
70
91
100
100
99
100
99
100
100
100
97
82
91
75
100
86
80
99
100
93
84
0.02
A/COD/3/2011
A/COD/12/2011
A/COD/11/2011
A/COD/10/2011
A/COD/9/2011
A/COD/8/2011
A/COD/2/2011
A/KEN/22/2009
A/TAN/42/2009
A/TAN/47/2009
A/KEN/28/2008
A/TAN/11/2009
A/TAN/4/2009
A/TAN/45/2009
A/TAN/40/2012
A/TAN/41/2012
A/KEN/12/2005 (K44/2005)
A/KEN/3/2006
A/KEN/7/2008
A/KEN/8/2008
A/TAN/9/2009
A/TAN/11/2008
A/TAN/12/2008
A/BUN/2/80
A/ZAM/90
A/UGA/1/2002
A/MAL/5/81
A/BUN/4/90
A/K49/84*
A/TAN/4/80
A/TAN/2/68 (T626/68)
A/TAN/3/68 (T809/67)
A/KEN/42/66 (K18/66)
A/K16/74*
A/SOM/1/78
A/K179/71* (KEN/1/76)
A/K207/73*
A/K5/80a* (recd2002)
A/KEN/1/95 (K4/95)
A/KEN/1/2003 (K177/03)
A/KEN/2/2003 (K181/03)
A/KEN/1/93 (K64/93)
G-I
G-II
G-III
G-VI
G-V
G-III
G-IV
G-VII
AFRICA
EURO-SA
A23/Kitale/KEN/64 (AY593766)
ASIA
99
99
75
99
99
99
99
99
99
94
82
94
87
99
99
72
99
97
97
82
92
95
99
77
87
87
0.02
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
13
SAT1/KEN/101/2010
SAT1/KEN/112/2010
SAT1/KEN/114/2010
SAT1/KEN/130/2010
SAT1/KEN/14/2010
SAT1/KEN/78/2010
SAT1/KEN/102/2010
SAT1/KEN/122/2010
SAT1/KEN/93/2010
SAT1/KEN/88/2010
SAT1/KEN/94/2010
SAT1/KEN/111/2010
SAT1/KEN/116/2010
SAT1/KEN/140/2010
SAT1/KEN/80/2010
SAT1/KEN/5/2010
SAT1/KEN/6/2010
SAT1/KEN/103/2010
SAT1/KEN/4/2010
SAT1/KEN/10/2010
SAT1/KEN/1/2010
SAT1/KEN/3/2010
SAT1/KEN/8/2010
SAT1/KEN/132/2010
SAT1/KEN/125/2010
SAT1/KEN/126/2010
SAT1/KEN/121/2010
SAT1/KEN/113/2010
SAT1/KEN/131/2010
SAT1/KEN/77/2010
SAT1/KEN/104/2010
SAT1/KEN/105/2010
SAT1/KEN/106/2010
SAT1/KEN/90/2010
SAT1/KEN/72/2010
SAT1/KEN/115/2010
SAT1/KEN/96/2010
SAT1/KEN/120/2010
SAT1/KEN/138/2010
SAT1/KEN/139/2010
SAT1/KEN/136/2010
SAT1/KEN/118/2010
SAT1/KEN/119/2010
SAT1/KEN/97/2010
SAT1/KEN/98/2010
SAT1/KEN/2/2011
SAT1/KEN/76/2010
SAT1/KEN/107/2010
SAT1/KEN/124/2010
SAT1/KEN/109/2010
SAT1/KEN/110/2010
SAT1/KEN/12/2010
SAT1/KEN/13/2010
SAT1/KEN/128/2010
SAT1/KEN/71/2010
SAT1/KEN/123/2010
SAT1/KEN/133/2010
SAT1/TAN/22/2012
SAT1/TAN/23/2012
SAT1/TAN/27/2012
SAT1/TAN/25/2012
SAT1/TAN/44/2012
SAT1/TAN/45/2012
SAT1/TAN/11/2012
SAT1/TAN/12/2012
SAT1/TAN/19/99
SAT1/TAN/25/99
SAT1/TAN/21/99
SAT1/TAN/51/99
SAT1/K96/99* (HQ267523)
SAT1/KEN/8/2009
SAT1/KEN/16/2009
SAT1/KEN/35/2008
SAT1/KEN/34/2008
SAT1/KEN/32/2008
SAT1/KEN/22/2008
SAT1/KEN/23/2008
SAT1/T155/71
SAT1/TAN/P12/2010 BUF B7
SAT1/TAN/P12/2010 BUF B15
SAT1/TAN/P12/2010 BUF B1
SAT1/TAN/P12/2010 BUF B3
SAT1/ZIM/23/2003
I
II
IV
VIII
III
IX
V
VII
VI100
92
88
100
99
100
72
100
84
90
76
77
100
100
99
100
89
90
76
72
100
100
100
97
71
97
98
95
75
77
71
75
76
100
0.05
SAT2/KEN/16/2007
SAT2/KEN/23/2007
SAT2/KEN/8/2007
SAT2/KEN/7/2007
SAT2/K42/07 (HM623707)
SAT2/KEN/2/2007
SAT2/K12/07 (HM623703)
SAT2/K15/07 (HM623704)
SAT2/K17/07 (HM623705)
SAT2/K20/07 (HM623706)
SAT2/KEN/4/2007
SAT2/KEN/9/2007
SAT2/K67/07 (HM623709)
SAT2/KEN/31/2008
SAT2/KEN/10/2007
SAT2/KEN/11/2007
SAT2/KEN/5/2007
SAT2/KEN/19/2007
SAT2/KEN/2/2008
SAT2/K49/99 (HM623698)
SAT2/KEN/14/2007
SAT2/KEN/19/2008
SAT2/KEN/22/2007
SAT2/KEN/13/2007
SAT2/K59/07 (HM623708)
SAT2/KEN/18/2008
SAT2/KEN/21/2008
SAT2/K120/04 (HM623700)
SAT2/K37/86 (HM623686)
SAT2/KEN/13/2004
SAT2/KEN/8/2005
SAT2/KEN/5/2004
SAT2/KEN/8/2004
SAT2/KEN/6/2004
SAT2/KEN/17/2004
SAT2/TAN/18/2004
SAT2/KEN/22/2004
SAT2/K13/87 (HM623687)
SAT2/KEN/32/2004
SAT2/TAN/21/2004
SAT2/TAN/6/2004
SAT2/KEN/10/2004
SAT2/TAN/4/2004
SAT2/TAN/9/2004
SAT2/KEN/33/91 (AY343950)
SAT2/KEN/16/98 (AY343962)
SAT2/KEN/5/99 (AF367131)
SAT2/KEN/9/99 (AF367133)
SAT2/KEN/1/84 (K7/84) (AY344505)
SAT2/TAN/43/2009
SAT2/TAN/18/2012
SAT2/TAN/19/2012
SAT2/TAN/34/2012
SAT2/TAN/7/2011
SAT2/TAN/8/2011
SAT2/KEN/18/2011
SAT2/KEN/20/2011
SAT2/KEN/19/2011
SAT2/KEN/12/2011
SAT2/TAN/6/2011
SAT2/KEN/17/2011
SAT2/TAN/3/2011
SAT2/TAN/4/2011
SAT2/KEN/21/2011
SAT2/TAN/7/2012
SAT2/TAN/1/2012
SAT2/TAN/3/2012
SAT2/TAN/36/2012
SAT2/TAN/37/2012
SAT2/TAN/15/2012
SAT2/TAN/16/2012
SAT2/TAN/5/2012
SAT2/TAN/9/2012
SAT2/TAN/10/2012
SAT2/TAN/32/2012
SAT2/TAN/13/2012
SAT2/TAN/14/2012
SAT2/ETH/1/90 (1989)(AY343935)
IV
III
I
XI
II
V
VI
XIII
XIV
VII
VIII
X
XII
IX
100
99
100
99
8299
73
81
97
75
75
86
100
99
83
98
87
78
98
97
100
100
100
94
97
100
90
79
88
84
87
84
72
80
72
0.05
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
14
Zambia WRLFMD/2012/00036
Date received: 28/09/2012
No. of samples: 9
SAT1/III: 4
SAT2/IV: 2
FMDV-GD: 3
150 km
100 mi
© Daniel Dalet / d-maps.com
Central
Copperbelt
Eastern
Luapula
Lusaka
Northern
North-Western
Southern
Western
ZAM/1/2012
ZAM/2/2012
ZAM/6/2012
ZAM/7/2012
ZAM/3/2012
ZAM/4/2012
ZAM/5/2012
ZAM/8/2012
ZAM/9/2012
SAT1/BOT/12/2006
SAT1/BOT/18/2006
SAT1/BOT/13/2006
SAT1/BOT/14/2006
SAT1/BOT/16/2006
SAT1/BOT/17/2006
SAT1/BOT/15/2006
SAT1/BOT/20/2006 buffalo
SAT1/BOT/22/2006 buffalo
SAT1/BOT/P3/2000 NGO-2 buffalo
SAT1/NMB/1/2000
SAT1/ZAM/6/2012
SAT1/ZAM/7/2012
SAT1/ZAM/8/2012
SAT1/ZAM/9/2012
SAT1/ZAM/7/2012* (BVI)
SAT1/BOT/P3/2000 NGO-13 buffalo
SAT1/BOT/P3/2000 SAV-19 buffalo
SAT1/BOT/P3/2000 SAV-22 buffalo
SAT1/ZAM/4/2000
SAT1/ZIM/P9/94 HWANGE-2 buffalo
SAT1/ZIM/P45/91 MT-6 buffalo
SAT1/ZIM/P45/91 MT-9 buffalo
SAT1/ZIM/P12/90 A-10 buffalo
SAT1/ZIM/12/90 A-5 buffalo
SAT1/ZIM/P12/90 A-7 buffalo
SAT1/BOT/P3/98 VUM-24 buffalo
SAT1/BOT/P3/98 VUM-25 buffalo
SAT1/BOT/P3/98 VUM-37 buffalo
SAT1/SA/13/61 (AY593842)
SAT1/SWA/2/89* buffalo
SAT1/BOT/17/77 kudu
SAT1/BOT/24/77
SAT1/BOT/1/77
SAT1/BOT-BUFF/62/74 buffalo
SAT1/NAM/307/98* (AY770519) buffalo
SAT1/NAM/307/98* (DQ009717) buffalo
SAT1/BOT/1/68 (AY593845)
SAT1/SWA/40/61 (AY593843)
SAT1/SWA/80/62
SAT1/SWA/1/49 (AY593840)
SAT1/SR/2/58 (AY593841)
SAT1/ZIM/P1/2004 (E45)
SAT1/ZIM/5/2003
SAT1/ZIM/2/2003
SAT1/ZIM/4/2003
SAT1/ZIM/13/2003
SAT1/ZIM/20/2003
SAT1/ZIM/21/2003
SAT1/BEC/1/48 (AY593838)
III (WZ)
II (SEZ)
I (NWZ)
IV (EA-1) VIII (EA-3)
IX V
VII
VI100
97
100
88
100
98
75
100
70
100
89
88
100
100
72
100
100
100
100
100
9489
71
97
86
91
100
99
71
SAT2/TAN/10/2012
SAT2/TAN/32/2012
SAT2/TAN/9/2012
SAT2/TAN/5/2012
SAT2/TAN/15/2012
SAT2/TAN/16/2012
SAT2/TAN/13/2012
SAT2/TAN/14/2012
SAT2/TAN/34/2012
SAT2/TAN/1/2012
SAT2/TAN/3/2012
SAT2/TAN/36/2012
SAT2/TAN/37/2012
SAT2/TAN/7/2012
SAT2/ZAM/1/2012
SAT2/ZAM/2/2012
SAT2/TAN/3/2011
SAT2/TAN/4/2011
SAT2/KEN/18/2011
SAT2/KEN/21/2011
SAT2/TAN/6/2011
SAT2/KEN/20/2011
SAT2/KEN/17/2011
SAT2/KEN/19/2011
SAT2/KEN/12/2011
SAT2/TAN/7/2011
SAT2/TAN/8/2011
SAT2/TAN/18/2012
SAT2/TAN/19/2012
SAT2/TAN/43/2009
SAT2/KEN/6/2004
SAT2/KEN/17/2004
SAT2/TAN/4/2004
SAT2/KEN/8/2005
SAT2/KEN/18/2008
SAT2/KEN/21/2008
SAT2/KEN/19/2008
SAT2/KEN/13/2007
SAT2/K59/07 (HM623708)
SAT2/KEN/22/2007
SAT2/KEN/10/2007
SAT2/KEN/11/2007
SAT2/KEN/5/2007
SAT2/KEN/14/2007
SAT2/KEN/9/2007
SAT2/K20/07 (HM623706)
SAT2/K17/07 (HM623705)
SAT2/KEN/2/2007
SAT2/K12/07 (HM623703)
SAT2/KEN/7/2007
SAT2/K42/07 (HM623707)
SAT2/ETH/1/90 (1989)(AY343935)
SAT2/KEN/1/84 (K7/84) (AY344505)
IV
III
I
XI
II
V
VI
XIII
XIV
VII
VIII
X
XII
IX
99
99
99
99
83
98
71
74
81
97
76
99
84
87
86
91
86
90
73
99
76
93
98
88
99
74
99
82
99
98
98
93
87
75
99
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
15
Vaccine matching
Twenty one FMDV type O isolates (See Table C, Type O for details) from Eritrea, Kenya, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran,
Turkey, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Sudan and Tanzania collected in 2011and 2012 were analysed antigenically by
the two dimensional virus neutralisation test (2dmVNT). All isolates from Saudi Arabia, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Iran
and Sudan and one virus from Kenya were antigenically matched with O TUR 5/09. All isolates from Vietnam
were antigenically matched with O 3039. Two viruses from Egypt and one virus from Tanzania showed no
match with any of the vaccine strains against which they were tested (Table C).
Four FMDV type A viruses (See Table C, Type A for details) from Egypt and Sudan collected during 2011 and
2012 showed antigenic matching with A Eritrea and/or A TUR 06 vaccine strain by the 2dmVNT (Table C).
One FMDV type SAT 1 virus (see table C, Type SAT 1 for details) from Tanzania was antigenically matched
with vaccine strain SAT 1 105 by the 2dmVNT (Table C).
One FMDV type SAT 2 virus (see table C, Type SAT 2 for details) from Tanzania was antigenically matched
with both SAT 2 Eritrea and SAT 2 ZIM vaccine strains by the 2dmVNT (Table C).
Annex 1.
TABLE A: Clinical sample diagnosis made by the WRLFMD® between October-December 2012
Country WRL for FMD Animal
Date of
Collection Results
Sample
Identification
VI/ELISA RT-PCR Final report
EGYPT EGY 16/2012 BUFFALO 08-Mar-12 SAT 2 POS SAT 2
EGY 17/2012 BUFFALO 08-Mar-12 SAT 2 POS SAT 2
EGY 18/2012 CATTLE 09-Mar-12 A POS A
EGY 19/2012 CATTLE 28-Feb-12 O POS O
EGY 20/2012 CATTLE 09-Mar-12 A POS A
EGY 21/2012 CATTLE 13-Mar-12 SAT 2 POS SAT 2
EGY 22/2012 CATTLE 13-Mar-12 SAT 2 POS SAT 2
EGY 23/2012 CATTLE 22-Mar-12 NT POS FMDV GD
EGY 24/2012 CATTLE 02-Apr-12 NT POS FMDV GD
EGY 25/2012 SHEEP 03-Apr-12 O POS O
EGY 26/2012 SHEEP 25-Apr-12 O POS O
EGY 27/2012 CATTLE 08-May-12 O POS O
EGY 28/2012 CATTLE 17-May-12 SAT 2 POS SAT 2
EGY 29/2012 CATTLE 19-May-12 SAT 2 POS SAT 2
EGY 30/2012 CATTLE 19-May-12 A POS A
EGY 31/2012 CATTLE 21-May-12 SAT 2 POS SAT 2
EGY 32/2012 CATTLE 22-May-12 NT NT NVD
EGY 33/2012 BUFFALO 22-May-12 NT NEG NVD
EGY 34/2012
CATTLE;
BUFFALO 03-Jun-12 NT NEG NVD
EGY 35/2012 CATTLE 04-Jul-12 NT POS FMDV GD
EGY 36/2012 CATTLE 05-Aug-12 NT POS FMDV GD
PAKISTAN PAK 9/2012 CATTLE 16-Jan-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 10/2012 CATTLE 07-Feb-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 11/2012 CATTLE 09-Feb-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 12/2012 CATTLE 21-Feb-12 Pending Pending Pending
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
16
PAK 13/2012 CATTLE 24-Feb-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 14/2012 CATTLE 20-Mar-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 15/2012 CATTLE 20-Mar-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 16/2012 BUFFALO 06-Apr-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 17/2012 CATTLE 07-Apr-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 18/2012 BUFFALO 08-Apr-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 19/2012 BUFFALO 08-Apr-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 20/2012 CATTLE 11-Apr-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 21/2012 CATTLE 12-Apr-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 22/2012 CATTLE 26-Apr-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 23/2012 CATTLE 27-Apr-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 24/2012 CATTLE 27-Apr-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 25/2012 CATTLE 27-Apr-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 26/2012 CATTLE 27-Apr-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 27/2012 CATTLE 08-May-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 28/2012 CATTLE 09-May-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 29/2012 BUFFALO 14-May-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 30/2012 CATTLE 14-May-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 31/2012 CATTLE 30-May-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 32/2012 CATTLE 20-Jun-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 33/2012 CATTLE 20-Jun-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 34/2012 BUFFALO 21-Jun-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 35/2012 BUFFALO 21-Jun-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 36/2012 BUFFALO 30-Jun-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 37/2012 BUFFALO 30-Jun-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 38/2012 CATTLE 28-Sep-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 39/2012 CATTLE 05-Nov-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 40/2012 CATTLE 23-Nov-12 Pending Pending Pending
PAK 41/2012 CATTLE 23-Nov-12 Pending Pending Pending
SRI LANKA SRL 3/2009 BOVINE 09-Sep-09 O POS O
SRL 2/2010 BOVINE 13-Jan-10 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 3/2010 BOVINE 13-Jan-10 O POS O
SRL 4/2010 SWINE 18-Jan-10 NEG NEG NVD
SRL 5/2010 BOVINE 15-Feb-10 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 6/2010 BOVINE 31-Mar-10 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 7/2010 BOVINE 31-Mar-10 NEG NEG NVD
SRL 8/2010 BOVINE 21-Apr-10 O POS O
SRL 9/2010 BUFFALO 21-Apr-10 O POS O
SRL 10/2010 BOVINE 02-Jun-10 NEG NEG NVD
SRL 11/2010 BOVINE 04-Jun-10 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 12/2010 BOVINE 09-Jun-10 NEG NEG NVD
SRL 13/2010 BOVINE 02-Dec-10 O POS O
SRL 2/2011 BOVINE 03-Jun-11 NEG NEG NVD
SRL 1/2012 BOVINE 14-Mar-12 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 2/2012 BOVINE 15-Jun-12 O POS O
VIETNAM,
SOCIALIST
REPUBLIC OF VIT 14/2012 PIG 16-Apr-12 O POS O
VIT 15/2012 PIG 16-Oct-12 A POS A
VIT 16/2012 PIG 16-Oct-12 A POS A
VIT 17/2012 PIG 16-Oct-12 A POS A
VIT 18/2012 PIG 16-Oct-12 A POS A
VIT 19/2012 PIG 16-Oct-12 A POS A
VIT 20/2012 PIG 16-Oct-12 A POS A
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
17
VIT 21/2012 PIG 05-Nov-12 O POS O
VIT 22/2012 PIG 05-Nov-12 O POS O
TOTAL : 79
FMD(V) Foot-and-mouth disease (virus)
FMDV GD Genome detected
VI/ELISA FMDV serotype identified following virus isolation in cell culture and antigen ELISA
RT-PCR Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction on epithelial suspension for FMD (or
SVD) viral genome
NVD No foot-and-mouth disease, swine vesicular disease or vesicular stomatitis virus
detected
NT Not tested
TABLE B: Summary of samples collected and received to The Pirbright Institute (October-December
2012)
Country No. of Virus isolation in cell culture/ELISA
RT-PCR for FMD
(or SVD)
samples FMD virus serotypes NVD
virus (where
appropriate)
O A C SAT 1 SAT 2 SAT 3 Asia 1 Positive Negative
EGYPT 21 4 3 - - 7 - - 7 18 2
PAKISTAN 33 - - - - - - - - - -
SRI LANKA 16 6 - - - - - - 10 11 5 VIETNAM,
SOCIALIST
REPUBLIC OF 9 3 6 - - - - - - 9 -
TOTAL 79 13 9 - - 7 - - 17 38 7
VI/ELISA FMD (or SVD) virus serotype identified following virus isolation in cell culture and antigen
detection ELISA
FMD foot-and-mouth disease
SVD swine vesicular disease
NVD no FMD, SVD or vesicular stomatitis virus detected
NT not tested
RT-PCR reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for FMD (or SVD) viral genome
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
18
TABLE C: Antigenic characterisation of FMD field isolates by matching with vaccine strains by 2dmVNT
from 1st October to 31
st December 2012
Type O:
Vaccine Matching studies for serotype O FMDV by VNT-WRLFMD®
SAMPLE REF O 3039 O 4625 O Manisa O Tur 5/09 O Campos
VIT 13/2012 M M
VIT 2/2012 M N
VIT 7/2012 M M
VIT 8/2012 M M
SAU 1/2012 M N M
SAU 4/2012 M M M
ERI 1/2011 M N M
ERI 18/2011 M N M
ERI 3/2011 M N M
VIT 22/2012 M M
O KEN 6/11 M N M
O KEN 11/11 M N N
O EGY 19/12 N N N N
O EGY 27/12 N N N N
O TAN38/12 N N N
O ETH29/2011 N M M
O ETH 4/12 N N M
O ETH 7/12 N N M
O ETH 12/11 M M M
O IRN 13/12 M N M
O IRN 21/12 N M M
Type A:
Vaccine Matching studies for serotype A FMDV by VNT-WRLFMD®
SAMPLE REF A
Eritrea A Iran 2005 A SAU 41/91 A SAU 95 A TUR 06 A22 IRQ
SUD 6/2011 N N N N M N
SUD13/2011 M N N N N N
EGY 18/2012 M N N M N
EGY 30/2012 M N N M N Type SAT 1:
Vaccine Matching studies for serotype SAT 1 FMDV by VNT-WRLFMD®
SAMPLE REF SAT 1 105
SAT 1 TAN 11/12 M
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
19
TYPE SAT 2: Vaccine Matching studies for serotype SAT 2 FMDV by VNT-WRLFMD®
SAMPLE REF SAT 2 Eritrea SAT 2 ZIM
SAT2 SUD 4/10
M M
Results Descriptor:
M : = Vaccine Match- r1 = > 0.3. Suggests that there is a close relationship between field isolate and vaccine
strain. A potent vaccine containing the vaccine strain is likely to confer protection.
N : = No Vaccine Match - r1 = < 0.3. Suggests that the field isolate is so different from the vaccine strain that
the vaccine is unlikely to protect
= Not tested against this vaccine
Annex 2. Recent FMD Publications cited by PubMed
1. Jung S, Schlick T. Candidate RNA structures for domain 3 of the foot-and-mouth-disease virus internal
ribosome entry site. Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 Dec 28. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 23275533.
2. Dar PA, Suryanaryana VS, Nagarajan G, Reddy GR, Dechamma HJ, Kondabattula G. DNA prime-protein
boost strategy with replicase-based DNA vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease in bovine calves. Vet
Microbiol. 2012 Dec 25. doi:pii: S0378-1135(12)00695-5. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.12.017. [Epub ahead of
print] PubMed PMID: 23305616.
3. Zhou G, Wang H, Wang F, Yu L. Recombinant adenovirus expressing type Asia1foot-and-mouth disease
virus capsid proteins induces protective immunity against homologous virus challenge in mice. Res Vet Sci.
2012 Dec 22. doi:pii:S0034-5288(12)00356-6. 10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.12.004. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed
PMID: 23267820.
4. Molin-Capeti KC, Sepulveda L, Terra F, Torres-Pioli MF, Costa-Casagrande T, França SC, Thomaz-Soccol
V. A proposal for an alternative quality control test procedure for inactivated vaccines against food-and-
mouth disease virus. Vaccine. 2012 Dec 22. doi:pii: S0264-410X(12)01753-7. 10.1016/
j.vaccine.2012.12.001. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 23267841.
5. Pega J, Bucafusco D, Di Giacomo S, Schammas J, Malacari D, Capozzo A, Arzt J, Pérez-Beascoechea C,
Maradei E, Rodríguez L, Borca M, Pérez-Filgueira M. Early Adaptive Immune Responses in the
Respiratory Tract of Foot and Mouth Disease-Infected Cattle. J Virol. 2012 Dec 19. [Epub ahead of print]
PubMed PMID:23255811.
6. Legesse Y, Asfaw Y, Sahle M, Ayelet G, Jenberie S, Negussie H. First confirmation of foot and mouth
disease virus serotype SAT-1 in cattle and small ruminants in Ethiopia in 2007/08. Trop Anim Health Prod.
2012 Dec 19. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 23250672.
7. Basagoudanavar SH, Hosamani M, Tamil Selvan RP, Sreenivasa BP, Saravanan P, Chandrasekhar Sagar
BK, Venkataramanan R. Development of a liquid-phase blocking ELISA based on foot-and-mouth disease
virus empty capsid antigen for seromonitoring vaccinated animals. Arch Virol. 2012 Dec 16. [Epub ahead
of print] PubMed PMID: 23242775.
8. Arias A, de Avila AI, Sanz-Ramos M, Agudo R, Escarmis C, Domingo E. Molecular dissection of a viral
quasispecies under mutagenic treatment: positive correlation between fitness loss and mutational load. J
Gen Virol. 2012 Dec 12. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 23239576.
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
20
9. Cao Y, Lu Z, Li Y, Sun P, Li D, Li P, Bai X, Fu Y, Bao H, Zhou C, Xie B, Chen Y, Liu Z. Poly(I:C)
combined with multi-epitope protein vaccine completely protects against virulent foot-and-mouth disease
virus challenge in pigs. Antiviral Res. 2012 Dec 7;97(2):145-153. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.11.009.
[Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 23219974.
10. Zhou JH, Gao ZL, Zhang J, Ding YZ, Stipkovits L, Szathmary S, Pejsak Z, Liu YS. The analysis of codon
bias of foot-and-mouth disease virus and the adaptation of this virus to the hosts. Infect Genet Evol. 2012
Dec 4;14C:105-110. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.09.020. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 23220329.
11. Mohana Subramanian B, Madhanmohan M, Sriraman R, Chandrasekhar Reddy RV, Yuvaraj S, Manikumar
K, Rajalakshmi S, Nagendrakumar SB, Rana SK, Srinivasan VA. Development of foot-and-mouth disease
virus (FMDV) serotype O virus-like-particles (VLPs) vaccine and evaluation of its potency. Antiviral Res.
2012 Dec;96(3):288-95. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.09.019. Epub 2012 Oct 6. PubMed PMID: 23043941.
12. Sun YF, Lin Y, Zhang JH, Zheng SP, Ye YR, Liang XX, Han SY. Double Candida antarctica lipase B co-
display on Pichia pastoris cell surface based on a self-processing foot-and-mouth disease virus 2A peptide.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2012 Dec;96(6):1539-50. doi: 10.1007/s00253-012-4264-0. Epub 2012 Jul14.
PubMed PMID: 22797600.
13. Chen HT, Peng YH, Zhang YG, Liu XT. Detection of Foot-and-mouth Disease Serotype O by ELISA
Using a Monoclonal Antibody. Hybridoma (Larchmt). 2012 Dec;31(6):462-4. doi: 10.1089/ hyb.2012.0081.
PubMed PMID: 23244327; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3526892.
14. Berryman S, Brooks E, Burman A, Hawes P, Roberts R, Netherton C, Monaghan P, Whelband M, Cottam
E, Elazar Z, Jackson T, Wileman T. Foot-and-mouth disease virus induces autophagosomes during cell
entry via a class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-independent pathway. J Virol. 2012
Dec;86(23):12940-53. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00846-12. Epub 2012 Sep 19. PubMed PMID: 22993157; PubMed
Central PMCID: PMC3497631.
15. Ahmed HA, Salem SA, Habashi AR, Arafa AA, Aggour MG, Salem GH, Gaber AS, Selem O, Abdelkader
SH, Knowles NJ, Madi M, Valdazo-González B, Wadsworth J, Hutchings GH, Mioulet V, Hammond JM,
King DP. Emergence of foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT 2 in Egypt during 2012. Transbound Emerg Dis.
2012 Dec;59(6):476-81.doi: 10.1111/tbed.12015. Epub 2012 Oct 1. PubMed PMID: 23025522.
16. Rashtibaf M, Sharifi K, Zibaee S, Dehghani H. A survey on the frequency of foot-and-mouth disease virus
carriers in cattle in north-east of Iran by RT-PCR: implications for revising disease control strategy.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2012 Dec;59(6):482-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01299.x. Epub 2012 Jan 4.
PubMed PMID: 22222047.
17. Wang J, Wang Y, Liu J, Ding L, Zhang Q, Li X, Cao H, Tang J, Zheng SJ. A critical role of N-myc and
STAT interactor (Nmi) in foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 2C-induced apoptosis. Virus Res. 2012
Dec;170(1-2):59-65. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2012.08.018. Epub 2012 Sep 2. PubMed PMID: 22974759.
18. Grazioli S, Fallacara F, Brocchi E. Mapping of antigenic sites of Foot-and-Mouth Disease virus serotype
Asia 1 and relationships with sites described in other serotypes. J Gen Virol. 2012 Nov 28. [Epub ahead of
print] PubMed PMID: 23197575.
19. Porta C, Xu X, Loureiro S, Paramasivam S, Ren J, Al-Khalil T, Burman A, Jackson T, Belsham GJ, Curry
S, Lomonossoff GP, Parida S, Paton D, Li Y, Wilsden G, Ferris N, Owens R, Kotecha A, Fry E, Stuart DI,
Charleston B, Jones IM. Efficient production of foot-and-mouth disease virus empty capsids in insect cells
following down regulation of 3C protease activity. J Virol Methods. 2012 Nov 19. doi:pii: S0166-
0934(12)00391-6. 10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.11.011. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 23174161.
20. Park JH, Lee KN, Ko YJ, Kim SM, Lee HS, Park JY, Yeh JY, Kim MJ, Lee YH, Sohn HJ, Moon JS, Cho
IS, Kim B. Outbreaks and Diagnosis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Serotype O in the Republic of Korea,
April-June 2010. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2012 Nov 19. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12029. [Epub ahead of print]
PubMed PMID: 23164336.
21. Kandeil A, El-Shesheny R, Kayali G, Moatasim Y, Bagato O, Darwish M, Gaffar A, Younes A, Farag T,
Kutkat MA, Ali MA. Characterization of the recent outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype
SAT2 in Egypt. Arch Virol. 2012 Nov 7.[Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 23132412.
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
21
22. Lavoria MÁ, Di-Giacomo S, Bucafusco D, Franco-Mahecha OL, Pérez-Filgueira DM, Capozzo AV.
Avidity and subtyping of specific antibodies applied to the indirect assessment of heterologous protection
against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in cattle. Vaccine. 2012 Nov 6;30(48):6845-50. doi:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.09.011. Epub 2012 Sep 18. PubMed PMID: 23000129.
23. Kim SM, Park JH, Lee KN, Kim SK, Ko YJ, Lee HS, Cho IS. Enhanced inhibition of foot-and-mouth
disease virus by combinations of porcine interferon-α and antiviral agents. Antiviral Res. 2012
Nov;96(2):213-20. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.09.009. Epub 2012 Sep 21. PubMed PMID: 23000495.
24. Anil KU, Sreenivasa BP, Mohapatra JK, Hosamani M, Kumar R, Venkataramanan R. Sequence analysis of
capsid coding region of foot-and-mouth disease virus type A vaccine strain during serial passages in BHK-
21 adherent and suspension cells. Biologicals. 2012 Nov;40(6):426-30. doi:
10.1016/j.biologicals.2012.08.002. Epub 2012 Oct 16. PubMed PMID: 23084588.
25. Maier P, Heckmann D, Spier I, Laufs S, Zucknick M, Allgayer H, Fruehauf S,Zeller WJ, Wenz F. F2A
sequence linking MGMT(P140K) and MDR1 in a bicistronic lentiviral vector enables efficient
chemoprotection of haematopoietic stem cells.Cancer Gene Ther. 2012 Nov;19(11):802-10. doi:
10.1038/cgt.2012.67. Epub 2012 Oct 5. PubMed PMID: 23037811.
26. Vázquez-Calvo A, Caridi F, Rodriguez-Pulido M, Borrego B, Sáiz M, Sobrino F, Martín-Acebes MA.
Modulation of foot-and-mouth disease virus pH threshold for uncoating correlates with differential
sensitivity to inhibition of cellular Rab GTPases and decreases infectivity in vivo. J Gen Virol. 2012
Nov;93(Pt 11):2382-6. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.045419-0. Epub 2012 Aug 8. PubMed PMID: 22875255.
27. Seago J, Jackson T, Doel C, Fry E, Stuart D, Harmsen MM, Charleston B, Juleff N. Characterization of
epitope-tagged foot-and-mouth disease virus. J Gen Virol. 2012 Nov;93(Pt 11):2371-81. doi:
10.1099/vir.0.043521-0. Epub 2012 Jul 18. PubMed PMID: 22815275.
28. Gladue DP, O'Donnell V, Baker-Branstetter R, Holinka LG, Pacheco JM, Fernandez-Sainz I, Lu Z, Brocchi
E, Baxt B, Piccone ME, Rodriguez L, Borca MV. Foot-and-mouth disease virus nonstructural protein 2C
interacts with Beclin1, modulating virus replication. J Virol. 2012 Nov;86(22):12080-90. doi:
10.1128/JVI.01610-12. Epub 2012 Aug 29. PubMed PMID: 22933281; PubMed Central PMCID:
PMC3486479.
29. Uddowla S, Hollister J, Pacheco JM, Rodriguez LL, Rieder E. A safe foot-and-mouth disease vaccine
platform with two negative markers for differentiating infected from vaccinated animals. J Virol. 2012
Nov;86(21):11675-85. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01254-12. Epub 2012 Aug 22. PubMed PMID: 22915802; PubMed
Central PMCID: PMC3486329.
30. Morelli MJ, Thébaud G, Chadœuf J, King DP, Haydon DT, Soubeyrand S. A bayesian inference framework
to reconstruct transmission trees using epidemiological and genetic data. PLoS Comput Biol. 2012
Nov;8(11):e1002768. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002768. Epub 2012 Nov 15. PubMed PMID: 23166481;
PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3499255.
31. Cho JG, Jo YJ, Sung JH, Hong JK, Hwang JH, Park JH, Lee KN, Park SG. Monoclonal and polyclonal
antibodies specific for foot and mouth disease virus type A and type O VP1. Hybridoma (Larchmt). 2012
Oct;31(5):358-63. doi:10.1089/hyb.2012.0034. PubMed PMID: 23098303; PubMed Central PMCID:
PMC3482373.
32. Dias CC, Moraes MP, Weiss M, Diaz-San Segundo F, Perez-Martin E, Salazar AM, de los Santos T,
Grubman MJ. Novel antiviral therapeutics to control foot-and-mouth disease. J Interferon Cytokine Res.
2012 Oct;32(10):462-73. doi:10.1089/jir.2012.0012. Epub 2012 Aug 27. PubMed PMID: 22924938.
33. González-Magaldi M, Postigo R, de la Torre BG, Vieira YA, Rodríguez-Pulido M, López-Viñas E, Gómez-
Puertas P, Andreu D, Kremer L, Rosas MF, Sobrino F. Mutations that hamper dimerization of foot-and-
mouth disease virus 3A protein are detrimental for infectivity. J Virol. 2012 Oct;86(20):11013-23. Epub
2012 Jul 11.PubMed PMID: 22787230; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3457133.
34. Cao Y, Lu Z, Li P, Sun P, Fu Y, Bai X, Bao H, Chen Y, Li D, Liu Z. Improved neutralising antibody
response against foot-and-mouth-disease virus in mice inoculated with a multi-epitope peptide vaccine
using polyinosinic and poly-cytidylic acid as an adjuvant. J Virol Methods. 2012 Oct;185(1):124-8. doi:
10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.03.036. Epub 2012 Jul 2. PubMed PMID: 22766183.
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
22
35. Dar PA, Ganesh K, Nagarajan G, Sarika S, Reddy GR, Suryanarayana VV. Sindbis virus replicase-based
DNA vaccine construct encoding FMDV-specific multivalent epitope gene: studies on its immune
responses in guinea pigs. Scand J Immunol.2012 Oct;76(4):345-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-
3083.2012.02733.x. PubMed PMID: 22702835.
36. Jamal SM, Ferrari G, Hussain M, Nawroz AH, Aslami AA, Khan E, Murvatulloev S, Ahmed S, Belsham
GJ. Detection and genetic characterization of foot-and-mouth disease viruses in samples from clinically
healthy animals in endemic settings.Transbound Emerg Dis. 2012 Oct;59(5):429-40. doi:
10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01295.x. Epub 2011 Dec 28. PubMed PMID: 22212855.
37. Abubakar M, Arshed MJ, Ali Q, Hussain M. Spatial trend of Foot and Mouth Disease virus (FMDV)
serotypes in cattle and buffaloes, Pakistan. Virol Sin. 2012 Oct;27(5):320-3. doi: 10.1007/s12250-012-
3271-8. Epub 2012 Oct 11. PubMed PMID: 23055008.
38. Lin T, Shao J, Chang H, Gao S, Cong G, Du J. Generation of monoclonal antibodies against non-structural
protein 3AB of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Virol Sin. 2012 Oct;27(5):316-9. doi: 10.1007/s12250-012-
3261-x. Epub 2012 Oct 11. PubMed PMID: 23055007.
39. Sedeh FM, Soleimanjahi H, Jalilian A, Mahravani H. Comparison of immune responses against FMD by a
DNA vaccine encoding the FMDV/O/IRN/2007 VP1 gene and the conventional inactivated vaccine in an
animal model. Virol Sin. 2012 Oct;27(5):286-91. doi: 10.1007/s12250-012-3258-5. Epub 2012 Sep 21.
PubMed PMID: 23001482.
.
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2012 2013
23
High Priority O Manisa
O PanAsia-2
O BFS or Campos
A24 Cruzeiro
Asia 1 Shamir
A Iran-05
A22 Iraq
SAT 2 Saudi Arabia (or equivalent i.e. SAT 2 Eritrea)
(not in order of importance)
A15 Bangkok related strain
A87 Argentina related strain
C Noville
SAT 2 Kenya
SAT 1 Kenya
SAT 3 Zimbabwe
A Kenya (not in order of importance)
Medium Priority
Low Priority
A Eritrea
A Iran ’96
SAT 2 Zimbabwe
A Iran 87 or A Saudi Arabia 23/86 (or equivalent)
SAT 1 South Africa
A Malaysia 97 (or Thai equivalent such as A/NPT/TAI/86)
A Argentina 2001
O Taiwan 97 (pig-adapted strain or Philippine equivalent)
A Iran ’99
(not in order of importance)
Annex 3. RECOMMENDATIONS FROM WRLFMD® ON FMD VIRUS STRAINS TO BE INCLUDED IN FMDV ANTIGEN BANKS – December 2012
