27
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2014 Reference Laboratory Contract Report Foot-and-Mouth Disease
WRLFMD Quarterly Report October-December 2014
Reference Laboratory Contract Report
Foot-and-Mouth Disease
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 2
Summary of samples tested and reported FMD outbreaks
ASIA
Bahrain
Three samples were received by the WRLFMD from the Northern Governorate of Bahrain, collected from cattle during October 2014. Viruses isolated from all three samples were identified as FMD type O virus. Genotyping showed them to belong to the ME-SA topotype, PanAsia-2
ANT-10 lineage (see below).
Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
Two samples submitted to the WRLFMD from Sheung Shui, New Territories, collected from pigs on 25
th November 2014. One was found to contain FMD type O virus but only FMDV
genome could be detected in the other. Genotyping showed the former to belong to the CATHAY topotype and to be closely related to viruses present in Hong Kong SAR since 2010 (see below).
People’s Republic of China
Two outbreaks due to FMD type A were reported on 08/10/2014 and 15/12/2014 at Shannan, Tibet and Lasa, Tibet, respectively, both in cattle. On 18/11/2014 a single outbreak of FMD type O was reported in pigs in Dongdai, JiangSu Province. No genotyping has been reported for any of these outbreaks.
Republic of Korea (South Korea)
In December three outbreaks of FMD type O were reported in pigs in Chungcheongbuk-do (two outbreaks) and Chungcheongnam-do (one outbreak). VP1 sequencing at the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (ROK) showed that the virus from the first outbreak belonged to the SEA topotype, Mya-98 lineage (see below). The results of 10 samples received by the WRLFMD on 22
nd December 2014 are pending.
Vietnam
Thirty two samples were submitted to the WRLFMD. These had been collected from cattle, water buffalo and pigs between December 2013 and July 2014. FMD type O virus was isolated from 12 samples, type A from 13 samples and FMDV genome was detected by real-time RT-PCR in the remaining seven samples. VP1 genotyping revealed seven of the type O viruses belonged to the ME-SA topotype, PanAsia lineage and five to the SEA topotype, Mya-98 lineages. All the type A viruses belonged to the ASIA topotype, Sea-97 lineage (see below).
AFRICA
Algeria
Two outbreaks of FMD type O were reported to have occurred in cattle in late September 2014 in the M'Sila and Ain Defla provinces.
Botswana
On 27/10/2014 an outbreak due to FMD type SAT 1 was reported in cattle at Tjaa crush, Tubu, Gumare, Ngamiland. No genotyping has been reported. Four samples were received
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 3
from the BVI collected from cattle on 26/06/2014 at Mohembo East, Shakawe, Ngamiland. FMD type SAT 1 was identified in three samples and genotyping showed them to belong to topotype III (WZ) (see below).
Six samples were received from the BVI collected from cattle between February and June 2013 in the Maun area of Ngamiland. FMD type SAT 2 was identified in two of these (from 20/02/2013). VP1 genotyping showed these to belong to topotype III (see below).
Egypt
Twenty eight samples were received by the WRLFMD from cattle and water buffalo collected in various locations in the country between May 2012 and October 2014. FMD type O was isolated from nine samples collected between April and October 2014 and VP1 genotyping showed them all to belong to the EA-3 topotype (see below). FMD type A was isolated from four samples; one collected in May 2012 and two in March 2013 and one in May 2014. VP1 genotyping showed the virus from 2012 to belong to the AFRICA topotype, G-IV lineage while to other three viruses belonged to the ASIA topotype, Iran-05
BAR-08 lineage (see below). FMD
type SAT 2 was isolated from two samples collected in May 2012 and April 2014. VP1 genotype showed them to belong to topotype VII, the former falling within the Ghb-12 lineage and the latter in the Alx-12 lineage (see below).
Ethiopia
Sixteen samples were received by the WRLFMD. Half were sera collected from sheep and half tissue suspensions from samples collected from cattle. No virus was detected in any of the sheep sera. FMDV genome was detected in seven of the tissue suspensions, but no viruses could be typed by ELISA or isolated in cell cultures. RT-PCR amplification of the VP1-coding region was successful in two samples (ETH/6/2014 and ETH/10/2014), although only a faint band was present in the latter sample. Both samples were identified as FMD type O. Phylogenetic analysis of ETH/6/2014 showed it to belong to the EA-3 topotype; insufficient sequence data was obtained to conclusively identify the genotype of ETH/10/2014.
Mali
A partial VP1 sequence was received to WRLFMD from RRLSSA - BVI (Botswana) for a virus collected during 2014. Phylogenetic analysis showed that this sequence was derived from a SAT 2 serotype FMD virus (within topotype VII) most closely related to FMD viruses previously recovered from Nigeria in 2012.
Mozambique
Four samples were received from the BVI (Botswana) collected from outbreaks in cattle in Maputo on 24/07/2014. All were identified as FMD type SAT 2. VP1 genotyping showed them to belong to topotype I as previously described by the BVI (see below).
Namibia
On 01/12/2014 an outbreak due to FMD type SAT 2 was reported at in cattle at Linyati, Caprivi. Genotyping by the BVI (two VP1 sequences were received on 11/12/2014) showed viruses from Kikiya Crush, East Caprivi to belong to topotype III (see below).
South Africa
Two outbreaks of FMD type SAT 2 were reported to have occurred in June 2014 in cattle in Bushbuckridge, Mpumalanga within South Africa's FMD protection zone where routine
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 4
vaccination is practised. There have been a number of outbreaks in this area since August 2013.
Tunisia
Sixteen new outbreaks of FMD type O were reported to have occurred between June and September 2014 in cattle, sheep and goats in eight provinces (Ariana, Beja, Ben Arous, Jendouba, Kasserine, Mannouba, Nabeul and Zaghouan).
Zimbabwe
Thirteen samples were received from the BVI which had been collected from cattle between July 2010 and September 2014 at various locations. FMD type SAT 2 was isolated from six of the samples, three from 2010 and three from 2014. VP1 genotyping showed five of these to belong to toptype I (at least two distinct unnamed lineages), but one sample from Mwenezi District, Masvingo Province (collected in May 2014) belonged to topotype II (see below).
SOUTH AMERICA
No new outbreaks of FMD were reported in the region.
Uncharacterised FMD viruses
A number of outbreaks have occurred where samples have not been sent to the WRLFMD. It is probable that the countries involved have performed their own genetic characterisation; however, through the OIE/FAO laboratory network we would also like to encourage the submission of samples (or complete VP1 sequences) to the WRLFMD.
An up-to-date list and reports of FMD viruses characterised by sequencing can be found at the following website: http://www.wrlfmd.org/fmd_genotyping/2014.htm.
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 5
Results from samples received at WRLFMD (status of samples being tested) are shown in Table 1 (below) and a complete list of clinical sample diagnostics made by the WRLFMD between October and December 2014 is shown in Table 2 (Annex 1). A record of all samples received by WRLFMD (October and December 2014) is shown in Table 3 (Annex 1).
Table 1: Status of sequencing of samples received by the WRLFMD from October to December 2014.
WRLFMD Batch No.
Date received
Country Serotype No. of
samples No. of
sequences Sequencing
status
WRLFMD/2014/00031
13-Oct-14 Botswana SAT 1 3 3 Completed
WRLFMD/2014/00031
13-Oct-14 Botswana SAT 2 2 2 Completed
WRLFMD/2014/00032
13-Oct-14 Mozambique SAT 2 4 4 Completed
WRLFMD/2014/00033
13-Oct-14 Zimbabwe SAT 2 6 6 Completed
WRLFMD/2014/00035
28-Oct-14 Vietnam A 13 13 Completed
WRLFMD/2014/00035
28-Oct-14 Vietnam O 12 12 Completed
WRLFMD/2014/00036
4-Nov-14 Bahrain O 3 3 Completed
WRLFMD/2014/00037
4-Nov-14 Egypt A 4 4 Completed
WRLFMD/2014/00037
4-Nov-14 Egypt O 9 9 Completed
WRLFMD/2014/00037
4-Nov-14 Egypt SAT 2 2 2 Completed
WRLFMD/2014/00038
27-Nov-14 Ethiopia O 2 2 Completed
WRLFMD/2014/00039
11-Dec-14 Hong Kong SAR O 1 1 Completed
WRLFMD/2014/00040
22-Dec-14 South Korea Pending 10
Pending
71 61
During this reporting period, additional sequences were received to WRLFMD via RRLSSA-BVI (Botswana) for samples collected in Namibia and Mali.
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 6
Detailed Analysis
ASIA
Figure 1: Bahrain
WRLFMD/2014/00036 Date received: 04/11/2014 No. of samples: 3 O (ME-SA/PanAsia-2
ANT-10): 3
O/PAK/8/2010
O/KHI/PAK/42/2011* (JX170757)
O/PAK/5/2010
O/PAK/2/2010
O/PAK/1/2010
O/AFG/242/2010
O/IRN/88/2009
O/PAK/3/2010
O/IRN/4/2010
O/IRN/30/2010
O/PAK/4/2010
O/KHI/PAK/41/2011* (JX170756)
O/AFG/104/2010
O/PAK/21/2010
O/PAK/22/2010
O/IRN/3/2010
O/IRN/64/2010
O/TUR/39/2010
O/IRN/139/2010
O/AFG/110/2010
O/IRN/149/2010
O/IRN/83/2010
O/IRN/35/2010
O/AFG/59/2010
O/AFG/61/2010
O/AFG/89/2010
O/IRN/96/2010
O/AFG/111/2010
O/IRN/207/2010
O/BAR/1/2014
O/BAR/3/2014
O/BAR/2/2014
O/PAK/11/2014
O/PAK/13/2014
O/PAK/15/2014
O/PAK/16/2014
O/PAK/4/2014
O/PAK/12/2014
O/PAK/3/2014
O/PAK/27/2013
O/PAK/21/2014
O/PAK/2/2014
O/PAK/5/2014
O/PAK/58/2012
O/PAK/23/2014
O/PAK/26/2013
O/PAK/18/2014
O/PAK/24/2014
O/PAK/14/2014
O/PAK/6/2014
O/PAK/7/2014
ANT-10
TER-08 O/TUR/257/2008* (FMDI)
SAN-09 O/TUR/264/2009* (FMDI)
O/IRN/8/2005
FAR-09 O/IRN/31/2009
BAL-09 O/IRN/18/2010
PUN-10 O/PAK/16/2010
PanAsia-2
PanAsia
Ind-2001
O/IND/53/79 (AF292107)
O/IND/R2/75* (AF204276)
O1/Manisa/TUR/69 (AY593823)
ME-SA
SEA
EA-2
EA-3
EA-4
WA
EA-1
CATHAY
ISA-1
ISA-2
EURO-SA
100
100
100
100
100
99
100
77
77
90
91
9873
99
89
80
75
93
94
74
100
99
77
82
95
0.02
1. Capital Governorate
2. Central Governorate
3. Muharraq Governorate
4. Northern Governorate
5. Southern Governorate
BAR/1/2014
BAR/2/2014
BAR/3/2014
O
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 7
Figure 2: Hong Kong SAR
WRLFMD/2014/00039 Date received: 11/12/2014 No. of samples: 2 O (CATHAY/unnamed): 1 FMDV-GD: 1
O/HKN/7/2014
O/HKN/8/2014
O/HKN/13/2014
O/HKN/11/2014
O/HKN/15/2014
O/HKN/5/2014
O/HKN/4/2014
O/HKN/6/2014
O/HKN/1/2013 (KM243172)
O/HKN/6/2011 (KM243168)
O/HKN/4/2011 (KM243166)
O/HKN/3/2011 (KM243165)
O/HKN/5/2011 (KM243167)
O/HKN/7/2011 (KM243169)
O/HKN/8/2011 (KM243170)
O/HKN/9/2011 (KM243171)
O/HKN/26/2010 (KM243164)
O/HKN/3/2008 (KM243157)
O/HKN/4/2008 (KM243158)
O/HKN/1/2008 (KM243155)
O/HKN/2/2008 (KM243156)
O/HKN/1/2009 (KM243159)
O/HKN/2/2009 (KM243160)
O/HKN/3/2007 (KM243152)
O/HKN/4/2007 (KM243153)
O/HKN/5/2006 (KM243148)
O/HKN/6/2006 (KM243149)
O/HKN/2/2006 (KM243145)
O/HKN/1/2006 (KM243144)
O/HKN/4/2006 (KM243147)
O/HKN/24/2005 (KM243142)
O/HKN/22/2005 (KM243140)
O/HKN/23/2005 (KM243141)
O/HKN/3/2006 (KM243146)
O/HKN/25/2005 (KM243143)
O/HKN/18/2005 (KM243136)
O/HKN/19/2005 (KM243137)
O/HKN/20/2005 (KM243138)
O/HKN/14/2005 (KM243133)
O/HKN/9/2005 (KM243129)
O/HKN/10/2005 (KM243130)
O/HKN/12/2004 (DQ164889)
O/HKN/9/2004 (DQ164886)
O/HKN/12/2005 (KM243132)
O/HKN/6/2004 (DQ164883)
O/HKN/7/2004 (DQ164884)
O/HKN/10/2004 (DQ164887)
O/HKN/13/2004 (KM243126)
O/HKN/19/2001 (DQ164876)
O/HKN/1/2002 (DQ164877)
O/HKN/2002 (AF525458)
O/PHI/7/96 (AJ294926KM243058)
O/Yunlin/TAW/97 (AF308157)
O/HKN/6/83 (AJ294919)
O/HKN/21/70 (AJ294911)
CATHAY
EURO-SA
ISA-2
ISA-1
EA-2
WA
EA-1
EA-4
EA-3
SEA
ME-SA
100
100
99
99
100100
80
79
71
70
99
98
99
87
72
97
98
71
74
95
100
99
96
99
85
83
98
100
99
88
100
70
98
78
89
92
75
79
0.02
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s.c
om
8 km
4 mi
OFMDV-GD
HKN/15/2014
HKN/14/2014
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 8
Figure 3: Republic of Korea (South Korea)
WRLMEG/2014/00038 VP1 sequence received from Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency Date received: 04/12/2014 No. of sequences: 1 O (SEA/Mya-98): 1
O/SKR/10/2010
O/SKR/12/2010 (KC438373)
O/RUS/Jul 2010 (JQ070329)
O/SKR/5/2010 (JQ070321)
O/SKR/6/2010
O/Andong 1/SKR/2010 (NVRQS)
O/DRK/31/2011
O/SKR/7/2010
O/SKR/13/2010
O/Paju/SKR/2010 (NVRQS)
O/SKR/1/2011
O/SKR/3/2011
O/CHA/31/2010* (JF792356)
O/BY/CHA/2010 (JN998085)
O/TZ/CHA/2010 (HQ652081)
O/JPN/MZ1/2010 (AB618503)
O/Yeoncheon/SKR/2010 (NVRQS)
O/Yangju/SKR/2010 (NVRQS)
O/SKR/8/2011
O/HKN/7/2010 (JQ070303)
O/HKN/8/2010
O/HKN/13/2010
O/HKN/14/2010
O/HKN/15/2010
O/HKN/9/2010 (JQ070304)
O/HKN/10/2010
O/HKN/11/2010
O/HKN/12/2010
O/33-P/CHA/2010 (JQ973889)
O/SKR/4/2010 (JQ070320)
O/KOR/1/2010* (HM143846)
O/GZ/CHA/2010 (JN998086)
O/MY/CHA/2010 (HQ652079)
O/VN/LC169/2009 (HM055510)
O/HKN/19/2010 (JQ070305)
O/HKN/20/2010 (HM229661)
O/NC/CHA/2010 (HQ652080)
O/GSLX/CHA/2010 (JQ900581)
O/VN/YB10/2010 (HQ260720)
O/VIT/NCVD-8/2010 (NVRQS)
O/VN/YB08/2010 (HQ260718)
O/VIT/NCVD-9/2010 (NVRQS)
O/VN/YB09/2010 (HQ260719)
O/VIT/NCVD-19/2010 (NVRQS)
O/VIT/NCVD-20/2010 (NVRQS)
O/GZ-MT/CHA/2013 (KJ646655)
O/JC/CB/ROK/2014 (APQA)
O/Primorskiy/RUS/2014 (ARRIAH)
O/SKR/6/2014
O/SKR/01/2014* (APQA)
O/MYA/7/98 (DQ164925)
Mya-98
O/TAI/189/87* (TRRL)
Cam-94
SEA
WA
EA-1
EA-4
EA-3
EA-2
ME-SA
EURO-SA
ISA-2
ISA-1
CATHAY
100
100
100
100
99
100
99
86
78
82
87
100
98
81
99
97
99
99
71
100
85
95
81
94
93
90
77
87
8675
88
0.02
50 km
30 mi
© Daniel Dalet / d-maps.com
SeoulIncheon
Busan
Daegu
Gwangju
Daejeon
Gangwon-do
Ulsan
Gyeonggi-do
Chungcheongbuk-do
(Northern Chungcheong)
Chungcheongnam-do
(Southern Chungcheong)
Jeollabuk-do
(Northern Jeolla)
Jeju-teukbyeoljachido
(Jeju-do)
Jeollanam-do
(Southern Jeolla)
Gyeongsangbuk-do
(Northern Gyeongsang)
Gyeongsangnam-do
(Southern Gyeongsang)
JC/CB/ROK/2014
O
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 9
Figure 4: Vietnam
WRLFMD/2014/00035 Date received: 28/10/2014 No. of samples: 32 O (SEA/Mya-98): 5 O (ME-SA/PanAsia): 7 A (ASIA/Sea-97): 13 FMDV-GD: 7
O/VIT/9/2014
O/VIT/12/2014
O/VIT/11/2014
O/VIT/40/2013
O/VIT/51/2013
O/VIT/46/2013
O/VIT/47/2013
O/CAM/2/2013
O/CAM/3/2013
O/VIT/32/2013
O/VIT/33/2013
O/Zabaikalsky/RUS/2014* (ARRIAH)
O/MOG/4/2014
O/MOG/2/2014
O/MOG/5/2014
O/MOG/1/2014
O/MOG/3/2014
O/VIT/13/2013
O/VIT/15/2013
O/VIT/38/2013
O/VIT/11/2013
O/VIT/12/2013
O/VIT/14/2013
O/VIT/16/2013
O/VIT/36/2013
O/VIT/39/2013
O/VIT/4/2010
O/CAM/4/2010
O/VIT/8/2010
O/VIT/7/2010
O/CAM/2/2010
O/VIT/24/2013
O/VIT/27/2013
O/VIT/28/2013
O/VIT/22/2013
O/VIT/23/2013
O/VIT/30/2013
O/VIT/31/2013
O/VIT/16/2014
O/VIT/28/2014
O/VIT/23/2014
O/VIT/24/2014
O/UKG/35/2001 (AJ539141)
PanAsia
Ind-2001
PanAsia-2
O/IND/53/79 (AF292107)
ME-SA
O/IND/R2/75* (AF204276)
O1/Manisa/TUR/69 (AY593823)ME-SA
Cam-94 O/CAM/3/98 (AJ294910)
O/TAI/189/87* (TRRL)
O/MYA/7/98 (DQ164925)
O/LAO/1/2013
O/LAO/2/2013
O/MAY/25/2012
O/MAY/1/2013
O/TAI/18/2012
O/TAI/14/2012
O/MAY/34/2012
O/MAY/9/2014
O/MAY/2/2014
O/VIT/21/2014
O/VIT/26/2014
O/VIT/27/2014
O/VIT/13/2014
O/VIT/18/2014
O/MAY/20/2009 (HQ116218)
O/VN/HB166/2009 (HM055499)
O/TAI/19/2009 (HQ116266)
O/VIT/2/2010 (JQ070322)
O/MAY/25/2009
O/MAY/26/2009
O/LAO/1/2010
O/VN/SL02/2010 (HQ260714)
O/VN/SL191/2009 (HM055507)
O/VN/SL192/2009 (HM055508)
O/VN/SL186/2009 (HM055505)
O/TAI/12/2009 (HQ116260)
O/MAY/22/2009
O/TAI/13/2009 (HQ116261)
O/TAI/15/2009 (HQ116262)
O/TAI/16/2009 (HQ116263)
O/TAI/17/2009 (HQ116264)
Mya-98
SEA
EURO-SA
ISA-2
ISA-1
CATHAY
EA-2
EA-3
EA-4
WA
EA-1
99
99
99
99
99
99
87
99
76
74
98
84
85
89
99
74
99
76
76
89
72
87
90
71
99
98
9498
81
97
97
90
70
99
97
99
95
83
89
99
94
86
74
0.02
Nam DinhNinh Bình
Thai Binh
Hai Phong
Hà Tinh
Nghe An
QuangTri
Thanh Hoa
Thua Thiên-Hue
Băc Kan
Cao Bang Hà Giang
Lang Son
Lao Cai
BN : Bac NinhH : Ha Noi HNa : Ha Nam HTa : Hà TâyHY : Hung Yen
Yên Bái ĐienBiên
Hoa Binh
Lai Châu
Son La
Đak Lak
ĐakNông
Gia Lai
Kon Tum
Lâm Dong Ninh Thuan
Phú Yên
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Da Nang
Bà Ria–Vung Tàu
Binh Duong Bình Phuoc
Dong Nai
Tay Ninh
Ho Chi Minh
An Giang
Bac Liêu
Ben Tre
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Hau Giang
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Sóc Trang
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d-m
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150 km
100 mi
O
A
FMDV-GD
VIT/18/2014
VIT/23/2014
VIT/24/2014
VIT/10/2014
VIT/9/2014
VIT/11/2014
VIT/12/2014
VIT/8/2014
VIT/1/2014
VIT/14/2014
VIT/15/2014
VIT/19/2014
VIT/20/2014
VIT/26/2014
VIT/27/2014VIT/13/2014
VIT/21/2014
VIT/3/2014
VIT/6/2014
VIT/7/2014
VIT/4/2014
VIT/5/2014
VIT/2/2014
VIT/22/2014
VIT/16/2014
VIT/28/2014
VIT/17/2014
VIT/29/2014
VIT/64/2013
VIT/25/2014
VIT/62/2013
VIT/63/2013
A/LAO/1/2014
A/LAO/2/2014
A/LAO/3/2014
A/VIT/62/2013
A/VIT/63/2013
A/TAI/21/2013
A/VIT/58/2013
A/TAI/1/2014
A/TAI/2/2014
A/TAI/3/2014
A/TAI/17/2013
A/TAI/20/2013
A/MAY/17/2013
A/MAY/20/2013
A/MAY/21/2013
A/VIT/14/2014
A/VIT/15/2014
A/VIT/49/2013
A/VIT/1/2014
A/VIT/64/2013
A/VIT/55/2013
A/VIT/60/2013
A/VIT/56/2013
A/VIT/19/2014
A/VIT/20/2014
A/VIT/42/2013
A/VIT/53/2013
A/VIT/2/2014
A/VIT/35/2013
A/VIT/54/2013
A/VIT/3/2014
A/VIT/59/2013
A/VIT/6/2014
A/VIT/7/2014
A/VIT/8/2014
A/TAI/4/2014
A/TAI/16/2013
A/TAI/12/2013
A/TAI/14/2013
A/TAI/15/2013
A/TAI/7/2003 (HQ116312)
Sea-97
Thai-87
Sea-97 A/TAI/2/97 (EF208778)
A22
A15
Iran-05
ASIA
AFRICA
EURO-SA
100
99
87
99
90
99
98
79
88
71
96
92
71
71
86
100
0.02
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 10
AFRICA
Figure 5: Botswana
WRLFMD/2014/00031 Date received: 13/10/2014 No. of samples: 10 SAT 1 (III-WZ): 3 SAT 2 (III): 2 FMDV-GD: 3 NVD: 2
150 km
100 mi
© Daniel Dalet / d-maps.com
Ghanzi
Kgalagadi
Kgatleng
Central
Kweneng
North-East
Ngamiland
South-EastSouthern
BOT/1/2013
BOT/2/2013
BOT/3/2013
BOT/4/2013
BOT/5/2013
BOT/6/2013
BOT/2/2014
BOT/3/2014
BOT/4/2014
BOT/1/2014
SAT1/BOT/14/2006
SAT1/BOT/18/2006
SAT1/BOT/13/2006
SAT1/BOT/12/2006
SAT1/BOT/16/2006
SAT1/BOT/17/2006
SAT1/BOT/15/2006
SAT1/BOT/20/2006 buffalo
SAT1/BOT/22/2006 buffalo
SAT1/BOT/P3/2000 buffalo NGO-2
SAT1/NMB/1/2000
SAT1/ZAM/6/2012
SAT1/ZAM/7/2012
SAT1/ZAM/8/2012
SAT1/ZAM/9/2012
SAT1/BOT/P3/2000 buffalo NGO-13
SAT1/ZAM/4/2000
SAT1/SWA/2/89* buffalo
SAT1/BOT/3/2014
SAT1/BOT/5/2014 (BVI)
SAT1/BOT/4/2014
SAT1/BOT/6/2014 (BVI)
SAT1/BOT/2/2014
SAT1/NAM/307/98* (AY770519)
SAT1/NAM/307/98* (DQ009717)
SAT1/BOT/17/77 kudu (KF219687)
SAT1/BOT/24/77 (KF219688)
SAT1/BOT/1/77 (KF219686)
SAT1/BOT-BUFF/62/74 buffalo
SAT1/BOT/1/68 (AY593845)
SAT1/SWA/80/62
SAT1/SWA/40/61
SAT1/SWA/40/61 (AY593843)
SAT1/SA/13/61 (AY593842)
SAT1/ZIM/P1/2004 (D19)
SAT1/ZIM/5/2003
SAT1/ZIM/2/2003
SAT1/ZIM/4/2003
SAT1/ZIM/13/2003
SAT1/ZIM/20/2003
SAT1/ZIM/21/2003
SAT1/BEC/1/48 (AY593838)
III (WZ)
II (SEZ)
I (NWZ)
IV (EA-1) VIII (EA-3)
IX V
VII (EA-2)
VI100
98
100
90
99
98
75
100
100
83
100
89
97
100
99
100
100
100
76
99
90
91
100
99
70
0.05
SAT2/BOT/5/2007
SAT2/BOT/6/2007
SAT2/BOT/3/2007
SAT2/BOT/2/2007
SAT2/BOT/7/2008
SAT2/BOT/11/2008
SAT2/BOT/9/2008
SAT2/BOT/16/2008
SAT2/BOT/18/2008
SAT2/BOT/10/2008
SAT2/BOT/6/2008
SAT2/BOT/8/2008
SAT2/BOT/2/2009
SAT2/BOT/3/2009
SAT2/BOT/4/2009
SAT2/BOT/1/2011
SAT2/BOT/2/2011
SAT2/BOT 02/11* (BVI)
SAT2/BOT/6/2009
SAT2/BOT/7/2009
SAT2/BOT/8/2009
SAT2/BOT/5/2009
SAT2/BOT/9/2012
SAT2/BOT/17/2012
SAT2/BOT/16/2012
SAT2/BOT/14/2012
SAT2/BOT/11/2012
SAT2/BOT/8/2012
SAT2/BOT/12/2012
SAT2/BOT12/12* (BVI)
SAT2/BOT/10/2012
SAT2/BOT/13/2012
SAT2/BOT/15/2012
SAT2/BOT/18/2012
SAT2/BOT14/12* (BVI)
SAT2/BOT/20/2012
SAT2/BOT/21/2012
SAT2/BOT/19/2012
SAT2/BOT/1/2013
SAT2/BOT/2/2013
SAT2/BOT/4/2012
SAT2/BOT/6/2012
SAT2/BOT/3/2012
SAT2/BOT/2/2012
SAT2/BOT/1/2012
SAT2/BOT/5/2012
SAT2/BOT/7/2012
SAT2/BOT/P3/98 buffalo NXA-7
SAT2/BOT/P3/98 buffalo NXA-16
SAT2/BOT/P3/98 buffalo 29 (AF367124)
SAT2/RHO/1/48 (AY593847)
III
IV
I
XI
II
V
VI
X
XII
IX
XIII
XIV
VII
VIII
99
99
97
99
99
98
82
7474
92
99
73
95
95
99
99
99
70
97
97
76
95
99
99
99
99
95
88
74
96
99
0.05
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 11
Figure 6a: Egypt
WRLFMD/2014/00037 Date received: 04/11/2014 No. of samples: 28 O (EA-3): 9 A (AFRICA/G-IV): 1 A (Iran-05
BAR-08): 3
SAT 2 (VII/ Ghb-12): 1 SAT 2 (VII/Alx-12): 1 FMDV-GD: 3 No FMDV GD: 10
O/ERI/16/2011
O/ETH/59/2011
O/ERI/13/2011
O/ERI/12/2011
O/ERI/11/2011
O/ERI/3/2011
O/ERI/2/2011
O/ERI/1/2011
O/ERI/14/2011
O/ERI/15/2011
O/EGY/25/2012
O/LIB/54/2012
O/ETH/28/2011
O/SUD/5/2008 (GU566061)
O/SUD/6/2008 (GU566062)
O/SUD/1/2010
O/SUD/3/2008 (GU566059)
O/SUD/4/2008 (GU566060)
O/SUD/3/99 (GU566043)
O/SUD/4/99 (GU566044)
O/SUD/1/99 (DQ165076)
O/SUD/12/2004 (GU566049)
O/SUD/25/2004 (GU566053)
O/SUD/30/2004 (GU566055)
O/SUD/9/2004 (GU566048)
O/SUD/4/2004 (GU566047)
O/SUD/14/2004 (GU566050)
O/SUD/15/2004 (GU566051)
O/SUD/16/2004 (GU566052)
O/SUD/3/2004 (GU566046)
O/SUD/1/2004 (GU566045)
O/SUD/26/2004 (GU566054)
O/SUD/8/2008 (GU566063)
O/SUD/11/2011
O/EGY/29/2014
O/EGY/32/2014
O/EGY/34/2014
O/EGY/36/2014
O/EGY/27/2014
O/EGY/25/2014
O/EGY/26/2014
O/EGY/28/2014
O/EGY/10/2014
O/EGY/25/2013
O/EGY/28/2013
O/EGY/29/2013
O/EGY/6/2014
O/EGY/23/2014
O/EGY/18/2014
O/EGY/24/2013
O/EGY/1/2014
O/EGY/5/2014
O/EGY/3/2014
O/EGY/4/2014
O/SUD/2/86 (DQ165075)
EA-3
EA-2
WA
EA-1
SEA
ME-SA
EA-4
CATHAY
ISA-1
ISA-2
EURO-SA
100
100
100
99
77
99
92
100
9986
77
92
100
100
88
100
96
100
88
74
99
89
90
100
85
71
99
99
99
0.02
Monufia North Sinai
Port Said
Sharqia
Matrouh
Minya
Qalyubia
South Sinai
Suez
Luxor
New Valley
Qena
Red Sea
Sohag
Alexandria
Aswan
Asyut
Beheira
Beni Suef
Cairo
Dakahlia Damietta
Faiyum
Gharbia
Giza
Ismailia
Kafr el-Sheikh
200 km
100 mi
© Daniel Dalet / d-maps.comO
A
SAT 2
FMDV-GD
NVD
EGY/37/2014
EGY/38/2014
EGY/39/2014
EGY/40/2014
EGY/41/2014
EGY/42/2014
EGY/43/2014
EGY/44/2014
EGY/45/2014
EGY/46/2014
EGY/31/2014
EGY/24/2014
EGY/34/2014
EGY/25/2014
EGY/26/2014
EGY/23/2014
EGY/27/2014
EGY/32/2014
EGY/42/2012
EGY/30/2013
EGY/31/2013
EGY/29/2014
EGY/36/2014 EGY/33/2014
EGY/30/2014
EGY/35/2014
EGY/43/2012
EGY/28/2014
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 12
Figure 6b: Egypt (continued)
A/PAT/11/2013
A/PAT/12/2013
A/PAT/10/2013
A/EGY/21/2013
A/EGY/31/2013
A/EGY/11/2013
A/EGY/13/2013
A/EGY/15/2013
A/EGY/19/2013
A/EGY/12/2013
A/EGY/14/2013
A/EGY/30/2013
A/EGY/3/2013
A/EGY/22/2013
A/EGY/5/2013
A/EGY/6/2013
A/EGY/17/2013
A/EGY/31/2014
A/LIB/1/2009
A/LIB/10/2009
A/ISR/1/2009
A/PAT/6/2009
A/KUW/5/2009
A/BAR/6/2008 (FJ755010)
A/4257/IRQ/2009 (PIADC) (JN099701)
A/IRN/11/2009
A/IRN/12/2009
BAR-08
AFG-07 A/AFG/6/2007 (FJ755007)
SIS-10 A/IRN/125/2010
FAR-09 A/IRN/78/2009
HER-10 A/AFG/10/2010
FAR-11 A/IRN/1/2011
SIS-12 A/IRN/15/2012
KSS-09 A/TUR/3/2010
ESF-10 A/IRN/9/2010
ARD-07 A/TUR/1/2008 (FJ755133)
A/IRN/1/2005 (EF208769)
EZM-07 A/TUR/33/2008 (FJ755155)
QAZ-11 A/IRN/9/2011
Iran-05
Sea-97
Iran-96
Iran-99
Iran-87
A22
A15
ASIA
EURO-SA G-VII
G-II
G-V
G-VI
G-III
G-I
A/SUD/3/77 (GU566064)
A/ERI/5/2006
A/ERI/16/2009
A/ERI/4/2007
A/ERI/1/2008
A/SUD/1/2006 (GU566069)
A/ERI/1/2006
A/ERI/5/2008
A/SUD/3/2006 (GU566070)
A/SUD/1/2011
A/SUD/6/2011
A/SUD/13/2011
A/SUD/7/2011
A/SUD/12/2011
A/EGY/18/2012
A/EGY/20/2012
A/EGY/1/2012
A/EGY-B-2012*
A/EGY-5-2012*
A/EGY/30/2012
A/EGY/42/2012
G-IV
AFRICA
78
99
84
89
99
74
74
100
91
83
99
100
96
99
98
100
95
92
100
79
99
97
100
78
0.02
SAT2/EGY/29/2012 (KF112936)
SAT2/PAT/1/2012 (JX570637)
SAT2/EGY/31/2012 (KF112937)
SAT2/EGY/15/2012 (JX570627)
SAT2/EGY/14/2012 (JX570626)
SAT2/EGY/4/2012 (JX570619)
SAT2/EGY/5/2012 (JX570620)
SAT2/EGY/6/2012 (JX570621)
SAT2/EGY/21/2012 (KF112933)
SAT2/EGY/23/2012* (JX013980)
SAT2/EGY/10/2012 (JX570623)
SAT2/EGY/22/2012 (KF112934)
SAT2/EGY/7/2012* (JX013978)
SAT2/EGY/28/2012 (KF112935)
SAT2/EGY/43/2012
SAT2/EGY/3/2012 (JX570618)
SAT2/EGY/26/2012* (JX013979)
SAT2/EGY/13/2012 (JX570625)
SAT2/EGY/16/2012 (KF112931)
SAT2/EGY/17/2012 (KF112932)
SAT2/EGY/9/2012 (JX570622)
SAT2/EGY/11/2012 (JX570624)
Ghb-12
SAT2/LIB/1/2003 (JX570631)
SAT2/LIB/7/2003 (JX570632)Lib-03
SAT2/CAR/8/2005 (JX570616)
SAT2/CAR/29/2013
SAT2/CAR/42/2013
SAT2/CAR/24/2013
SAT2/CAR/6/2013
SAT2/CAR/43/2013
SAT2/SAU/6/2000 (AF367135)
SAT2/EGY/2/2012 (JX570617)
SAT2/SUD/4/2010 (KF112968)
SAT2/EGY/11/2014
SAT2/EGY/24/2014
SAT2/EGY/20/2014
SAT2/EGY/22/2014
Alx-12
VII
XIV
XIII
VIII
IX
XII
X
XI
V
VI
II
I
III
IV100
100
92
98
98
89
99
90
98
76
70
81
100
100
95
100
88
97
80
100
96
89
100
0.05
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 13
Figure 7: Ethiopia
WRLFMD/2014/00038
Date received: 27/11/2014
No. of samples: 16
O (genome only) (EA-3): 2
FMDV-GD: 5
NVD: 9
O/ETH/18/2012
O/ETH/19/2012
O/ETH/15/2012
O/ETH/17/2012
O/ETH/9/2011
O/ETH/10/2011
O/ETH/16/2012
O/ETH/11/2012
O/ETH/11/2011
O/ETH/12/2011
O/ETH/12/2012
O/ETH/46/2011
O/ETH/3/2011
O/ETH/4/2011
O/ETH/5/2011
O/ETH/42/2011
O/ETH/45/2011
O/ETH/13/2011
O/ETH/18/2011
O/ETH/38/2011
O/ETH/24/2012
O/ETH/22/2012
O/ETH/25/2012
O/ETH/45/2009
O/ETH/7/2010
O/ETH/8/2010
O/ETH/2/2011
O/ETH/32/2011
O/ETH/1/2011
O/ETH/7/2011
O/ETH/29/2011
O/ETH/34/2011
O/ETH/48/2011
O/ETH/50/2011
O/ETH/49/2011
O/ETH/51/2011
O/ETH/6/2014
O/ETH/63/2005 (FJ798122)
O/ETH/64/2005 (FJ798123)
O/ETH/65/2005 (FJ798124)
O/ETH/55/2005 (FJ798119)
O/ETH/56/2005 (FJ798120)
O/ETH/54/2005 (FJ798118)
O/ETH/57/2005 (FJ798121)
O/ETH/66/2005 (FJ798125)
O/ETH/67/2005 (FJ798126)
O/ETH/3/2004 (FJ798109)
O/ETH/1/2005 (FJ798106)
O/ETH/1/2007 (FJ798137)
O/ETH/26/2007 (FJ798138)
O/ETH/27/2007 (FJ798139)
O/ETH/28/2007 (FJ798140)
O/ETH/2/2006 (FJ798127)
O/SUD/2/86 (DQ165075)
EA-3
EA-1
EA-2
WA
EA-4
ME-SA
SEA
CATHAY
ISA-1
ISA-2
EURO-SA
100
100
100
87
100
79
100
100
90
96
98
88
100
100
100
100
99
100
97
77
94
95
73
76
92
0.02
Addis Ababa
Afar
Amhara
Benishangul-Gumuz
Dire Dawa
Gambela
Harari
OromiaSomali
Southern Nations
Tigray
ETH/3/2014
ETH/4/2014
ETH/5/2014
ETH/6/2014
ETH/7/2014
ETH/10/2014
ETH/11/2014
ETH/12/2014
ETH/13/2014
ETH/14/2014
ETH/15/2014
ETH/16/2014
ETH/17/2014
ETH/18/2014
O (GD only)
FMDV-GD
NVD
ETH/8/2014
ETH/9/2014
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 14
Figure 8: Mozabique
WRLFMD/2014/00032 Date received: 13/10/2014 No. of samples: 4 SAT2 (I): 4
SAT2/KNP/17/88* (AF367105)(impala)
SAT2/KNP/2/89* (AF367109)(impala)
SAT2/KNP/16/88* (AF367104)(impala)
SAT2/KNP/20/88* (AF367107)(impala)
SAT2/KNP/19/88* (AF367106)(impala)
SAT2/KNP/18/88* (AF367138)(impala)
SAT2/KNP/7/88* (AF367103)(buffalo)
SAT2/KNP/19/89* (DQ009735)
SAT2/KNP/19/89*
SAT2/KNP/19/89* (AF367110)(buffalo)
SAT2/KNP/18/95* (AF367118)(buffalo)
SAT2/KNP/31/95* (AF367119)(buffalo)
SAT2/MOZ/3/2014* (BVI)
SAT2/MOZ/6/2014* (BVI)
SAT2/MOZ/3/2014
SAT2/MOZ/4/2014
SAT2/MOZ/1/2014
SAT2/MOZ/4/2014* (BVI)
SAT2/MOZ/2/2014
SAT2/MOZ/5/2014* (BVI)
SAT2/SAR/8/01* (AY442910)
SAT2/SAR/9/01* (AY442911)
SAT2/SAR/10/01* (AY442912)
SAT2/SAR/11/01* (AY442913)
SAT2/SAR/1/01* (AY442903)
SAT2/SAR/4/01* (AY442906)
SAT2/SAR/3/01* (AY442905)
SAT2/SAR/2/01* (AY442904)
SAT2/SAR/7/01* (AY442909)
SAT2/SAR/5/01* (AY442907)
SAT2/SAR/6/01* (AY442908)
SAT2/KNP/1/92* (AF367114)(impala)
SAT2/PAL/5/83* (AF367102)
SAT2/BOT/3/2011
SAT2/BOT/7/2011
SAT2/MOZ/1/2010
SAT2/MOZ/3/2010
SAT2/MOZ/4/2010
SAT2/MOZ/5/2010
SAT2/MOZ/7/2010
SAT2/MOZ/2/2010
SAT2/MOZ/6/2010
SAT2/KNP/32/92* (AF367115)(buffalo)
SAT2/SA/106/59 (AY593848)
SAT2/MOZ/1/70 (KF112959)
SAT2/MOZ/1/70
SAT2/ZIM/14/2002 (KF219689)
SAT2/MAL/1/2003
I
III
IV
XI
II
V
VI
XIII
XIV
VII
VIII
IX
XII
X
100
99
100
100
95
99
73
100
80
100
99
93
100
77
90
98
100
97
99
100
88
72
100
91
72
71
86
87
91
80
88100
0.05
100 km
© Daniel Dalet / d-maps.com
60 mi
MOZ/1/2014
MOZ/2/2014
MOZ/3/2014
MOZ/4/2014
Manica
Maputo City
Maputo
Gaza
Inhambane
Niassa
Sofala
Tete
Cabo
Delgado
Nampula
Zambezia
SAT 2
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 15
Figure 9: Namibia
WRLMEG/2014/00039 VP1 sequences received from the BVI, Botswana Date received: 11/12/2014 No. of sequences: 2 SAT2 (III): 2
SAT2/BOT/15/2012
SAT2/BOT/18/2012
SAT2/BOT/13/2012
SAT2/BOT/17/2012
SAT2/BOT/16/2012
SAT2/BOT/14/2012
SAT2/BOT/12/2012
SAT2/BOT/11/2012
SAT2/BOT/10/2012
SAT2/BOT/8/2012
SAT2/BOT/1/2013
SAT2/BOT/2/2013
SAT2/BOT/2/2012
SAT2/BOT/19/2012
SAT2/BOT/20/2012
SAT2/BOT/P3/98 NXA-7
SAT2/BOT/P3/98 NXA-16
SAT2/SWA/4/89 (KF112969)
SAT2/BOT/3/77 (KF112928)
SAT2/BOT/1/80 (BVIBOT 08/78)(KF112929)
SAT2/BOT/P3/98 (buffalo 29) (AF367124)
SAT2/BOT/P3/98 VUM-29
SAT2/BOT/6/2005
SAT2/BOT/8/2005
SAT2/BOT/3/2005
SAT2/BOT/1/2005
SAT2/BOT/2/2005
SAT2/BOT/4/2005
SAT2/BOT/5/2005
SAT2/BOT/7/2005
SAT2/BOT/P3/2000 SAV-24
SAT2/BOT/P9/2010 (buffalo)
SAT2/NMB/1/2014* (BVI)
SAT2/NMB/2/2014* (BVI)
SAT2/BOT/24/2006 (buffalo)
SAT2/ZAM/12/2009
SAT2/ZAM/16/2009
SAT2/ZAM/14/2009
SAT2/ZAM/13/2009
SAT2/BOT/14/2008
SAT2/BOT/15/2008
SAT2/ZAM/8/2008
SAT2/NMB/1/2007
SAT2/NMB/4/2007
SAT2/ZAM/2/2007
SAT2/ZAM/3/2007
SAT2/ZAM/1/2007
SAT2/NMB/2/2008
SAT2/NMB/1/2008
SAT2/NMB/3/2008
SAT2/NMB/4/2008
SAT2/RHO/1/48 (AY593847)
III
IV
I
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V
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VIII
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9399
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0.05
200 km
100 mi
© Daniel Dalet / d-maps.com
Caprivi
Erongo
Hardap
Karas
Kavango
Khomas
Kunene
Ohangwena
Omaheke
Om
usa
ti
Osh
ana
Oshikoto
OtjozondjupaNMB/1/2014 (BVI)
NMB/2/2014 (BVI)
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 16
Figure 10: Zimbabwe
WRLFMD/2014/00033 Date received: 13/10/2014 No. of samples: SAT 2 (I): 5 SAT 2 (II): 1
SAT2/ZIM/17/2003
SAT2/ZIM/1/2004 (BTy plaque 5)
SAT2/ZIM/15/2003
SAT2/ZIM/14/2003
SAT2/ZIM/12/2003
SAT2/ZIM/11/2003
SAT2/ZIM/8/2003
SAT2/ZIM/7/2003
SAT2/ZIM/18/2002
SAT2/ZIM/P1/2004 (B7)
SAT2/ZIM/2/2003
SAT2/ZIM/3/2003
SAT2/ZIM/20/2003
SAT2/ZIM/6/2003
SAT2/ZIM/1/2004
SAT2/ZIM/12/2002
SAT2/ZIM/14/2002 (KF219689)
SAT2/ZIM/13/2002
SAT2/ZIM/15/2002
SAT2/ZIM/10/2010
SAT2/ZIM/5/2010
SAT2/ZIM/6/2010
SAT2/ZIM/3/2014
SAT2/ZIM/5/2014
SAT2/SA/106/59 (AY593848)
SAT2/MOZ/3/2014
SAT2/MOZ/4/2014
SAT2/MOZ/1/2014
SAT2/MOZ/2/2014
SAT2/BOT/6/2011
SAT2/BOT/7/2011
SAT2/BOT/3/2011
SAT2/ZIM/8/2010
SAT2/ZIM/9/2010
SAT2/MOZ/1/2010
SAT2/MOZ/3/2010
SAT2/MOZ/4/2010
SAT2/MOZ/5/2010
SAT2/MOZ/7/2010
SAT2/MOZ/2/2010
SAT2/MOZ/6/2010
I
I SAT2/MAL/1/2003
III
IV SAT2/ZIM/5/81 (EF134951)
SAT2/BOT/P3/98 (buffalo 1) (AF367122)
SAT2/BOT/P3/98 NXA-1
SAT2/BOT/P3/98 NXA-10
SAT2/BOT/P3/98 NXA-15
SAT2/BOT/P3/98 (buffalo 18) (AF367123)
SAT2/BOT/P3/98 NXA-18
SAT2/ZIM/2/2010
SAT2/ZIM/4/2010
SAT2/ZIM/1/2014
SAT2/ZIM/11/2014 (BVI)
SAT2/BOT-BUFF/170/74 (buffalo)
SAT2/ZIM/5/87 (KF112974)
SAT2/ZIM/8/89 (KF112975)
SAT2/ZIM/7/83 (AF136607)
SAT2/ZIM/31/89 buffalo
SAT2/ZIM/23/89 buffalo
SAT2/ZIM/1/88 buffalo
SAT2/ZIM/4/89 buffalo
II
VI XI
V
XIII
XIV
X
XII
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VIII
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© Daniel Dalet / d-maps.com
Mashonaland
West
Mashonaland
Central
Mashonaland
East
Matabeleland
North
Matabeleland
South
Midlands
Masvingo
Harare
Bulawayo
Manicaland ZIM/3/2014
ZIM/5/2014
ZIM/8/2010
ZIM/9/2010
ZIM/10/2010
ZIM/1/2014
ZIM/8/2014
ZIM/7/2010
ZIM/1/2011
ZIM/2/2014
ZIM/4/2014
ZIM/6/2014
ZIM/7/2014
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 17
Vaccine matching
For individual data see Table 4 (Annex 1).
Serotype O
Two serotype O/ME-SA/Ind-2001 isolates were tested from the batch of samples received from Sri Lanka. These were both a vaccine match to O 3039 and O TAW/98. However only one strain was a vaccine match with O/TUR/5/2009 (the other was borderline) and neither of these two isolates generated a positive matching result against O BFS and O Manisa.
Two further serotype isolates from Malaysia (MAY/2/2014 and MAY 3/2014) from the SEA topotype were tested and were both matched to O 3039. One isolate (MAY/3/2014) also matched O Manisa, O TAW/98 and O/TUR/5/09 antigens, while the other (MAY/2/2014) generated borderline values for O Manisa and O TAW/98 and a poor in-vitro match for O/TUR/5/2009.
Serotype A
Three field viruses from Malaysia and two field viruses from Cameroon were tested by VNT against serotype A. For Malaysia the isolates gave a good vaccine match to A22 IRQ, A MAY/97 and A TUR/06; however, one isolate (MAY/23/2013) did not match against A TUR/06.
For Cameroon there was a good match against A TUR/06 and there was a poor vaccine match against A22 IRQ.
All five serotype O strains did not match in this in-vitro test against A IRN/05
Serotype SAT 2
One sample from Cameroon was tested against SAT 2 ERI and SAT 2 ZIM by VNT. Both of these vaccine viruses were a match against this field isolate.
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 18
Annex 1
Table 2: Clinical sample diagnostics made by the WRLFMD® between October-December 2014
Country WRL for FMD
Sample Identification
Species Date of
Collection
Results
VI/ELISA RT-PCR Final report
BAHRAIN BAR 1/2014 CATTLE 16-Oct-14 O POS O
BAR 2/2014 CATTLE 16-Oct-14 O POS O
BAR 3/2014 CATTLE 27-Oct-14 O POS O
EGYPT EGY 42/2012 CATTLE 20-May-12 A POS A
EGY 43/2012 CATTLE 21-May-12 SAT 2 POS SAT 2
EGY 30/2013 CATTLE 20-Mar-13 NEG POS FMDV GD
EGY 31/2013 CATTLE 20-Mar-13 NEG POS FMDV GD
EGY 23/2014 CATTLE 07-Apr-14 O POS O
EGY 24/2014 CATTLE 17-Apr-14 SAT 2 POS SAT 2
EGY 25/2014 CATTLE 22-Apr-14 O POS O
EGY 26/2014 CATTLE 22-Apr-14 O POS O
EGY 27/2014 CATTLE 05-May-14 O POS O
EGY 28/2014 CATTLE 06-May-14 O POS O
EGY 29/2014 CATTLE 09-May-14 O POS O
EGY 30/2014 CATTLE 17-May-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
EGY 31/2014 CATTLE 28-May-14 A POS A
EGY 32/2014 BUFFALO 14-Jun-14 O POS O
EGY 33/2014 BUFFALO 14-Jun-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
EGY 34/2014 CATTLE 18-Aug-14 O POS O
EGY 35/2014 BUFFALO 08-Sep-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
EGY 36/2014 CATTLE 09-Oct-14 O POS O
EGY 37/2014 CATTLE 11-Oct-14 NT NEG FMDV NGD
EGY 38/2014 CATTLE 11-Oct-14 NT NEG FMDV NGD
EGY 39/2014 CATTLE 11-Oct-14 NT NEG FMDV NGD
EGY 40/2014 CATTLE 11-Oct-14 NT NEG FMDV NGD
EGY 41/2014 CATTLE 11-Oct-14 NT NEG FMDV NGD
EGY 42/2014 CATTLE 11-Oct-14 NT NEG FMDV NGD
EGY 43/2014 CATTLE 11-Oct-14 NT NEG FMDV NGD
EGY 44/2014 CATTLE 11-Oct-14 NT NEG FMDV NGD
EGY 45/2014 CATTLE 11-Oct-14 NT NEG FMDV NGD
EGY 46/2014 CATTLE 11-Oct-14 NT NEG FMDV NGD
ETHIOPIA ETH 3/2014 BOVINE 13-Feb-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
ETH 4/2014 BOVINE 13-Feb-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
ETH 5/2014 BOVINE 13-Feb-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
ETH 6/2014 BOVINE 13-Feb-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
ETH 7/2014 BOVINE 07-Sep-14 NEG NEG NVD
ETH 8/2014 BOVINE 07-Oct-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
ETH 9/2014 BOVINE 07-Oct-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
ETH 10/2014 BOVINE 07-Oct-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
ETH 11/2014 OVINE 29-Oct-14 NEG NEG NVD
ETH 12/2014 OVINE 29-Oct-14 NEG NEG NVD
ETH 13/2014 OVINE 29-Oct-14 NEG NEG NVD
ETH 14/2014 OVINE 29-Oct-14 NEG NEG NVD
ETH 15/2014 OVINE 29-Oct-14 NEG NEG NVD
ETH 16/2014 OVINE 29-Oct-14 NEG NEG NVD
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 19
Country WRL for FMD
Sample Identification
Species Date of
Collection
Results
VI/ELISA RT-PCR Final report
ETH 17/2014 OVINE 29-Oct-14 NEG NEG NVD
ETH 18/2014 OVINE 29-Oct-14 NEG NEG NVD
HONG KONG HKN 14/2014 PIG 25-Nov-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
HKN 15/2014 PIG 25-Nov-14 O POS O
SOUTH KOREA SKR 11/2014 PIG 03-Dec-14 Pending Pending Pending
SKR 12/2014 PIG 03-Dec-14 Pending Pending Pending
SKR 13/2015 PIG 03-Dec-14 Pending Pending Pending
SKR 14/2015 PIG 03-Dec-14 Pending Pending Pending
SKR 15/2016 PIG 03-Dec-14 Pending Pending Pending
SKR 16/2016 PIG 03-Dec-14 Pending Pending Pending
SKR 17/2017 PIG 03-Dec-14 Pending Pending Pending
SKR 18/2017 PIG 03-Dec-14 Pending Pending Pending
SKR 19/2017 PIG 03-Dec-14 Pending Pending Pending
SKR 20/2017 PIG 03-Dec-14 Pending Pending Pending
VIETNAM VIT 62/2013 CATTLE 17-Dec-13 A POS A
VIT 63/2013 CATTLE 17-Dec-13 A POS A
VIT 64/2013 CATTLE 21-Dec-13 A POS A
VIT 1/2014 CATTLE 20-Jan-14 A POS A
VIT 2/2014 BUFFALO 24-Apr-14 A POS A
VIT 3/2014 CATTLE 24-Apr-14 A POS A
VIT 4/2014 BUFFALO 24-Apr-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
VIT 5/2014 BUFFALO 24-Apr-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
VIT 6/2014 PIG 24-Apr-14 A POS A
VIT 7/2014 PIG 24-Apr-14 A POS A
VIT 8/2014 CATTLE 24-Apr-14 A POS A
VIT 9/2014 CATTLE 24-Apr-14 O POS O
VIT 10/2014 CATTLE 24-Apr-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
VIT 11/2014 CATTLE 24-Apr-14 O POS O
VIT 12/2014 CATTLE 24-Apr-14 O POS O
VIT 13/2014 CATTLE 26-Apr-14 O POS O
VIT 14/2014 CATTLE 26-Apr-14 A POS A
VIT 15/2014 CATTLE 26-Apr-14 A POS A
VIT 16/2014 PIG 30-Apr-14 O POS O
VIT 17/2014 CATTLE 19-May-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
VIT 18/2014 CATTLE 19-May-14 O POS O
VIT 19/2014 CATTLE 05-Jun-14 A POS A
VIT 20/2014 CATTLE 05-Jun-14 A POS A
VIT 21/2014 CATTLE 20-Jun-14 O POS O
VIT 22/2014 CATTLE 09-Jul-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
VIT 23/2014 PIG 10-Jul-14 O POS O
VIT 24/2014 PIG 10-Jul-14 O POS O
VIT 25/2014 CATTLE 16-Jul-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
VIT 26/2014 CATTLE 17-Jul-14 O POS O
VIT 27/2014 CATTLE 17-Jul-14 O POS O
VIT 28/2014 PIG 24-Jul-14 O POS O
VIT 29/2014 PIG 24-Jul-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
TOTAL: 91
Sample results pending from previous report
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 20
Country WRL for FMD
Sample Identification
Species Date of
Collection
Results
VI/ELISA RT-PCR Final report
SRI LANKA SRL 18/2014 BOVINE 02-Mar-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 19/2014 BOVINE 04-Apr-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 20/2014 BOVINE 06-Apr-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 21/2014 BOVINE 06-Apr-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 22/2014 BOVINE 18-Jun-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 23/2014 BOVINE 10-Jul-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 24/2014 BOVINE 14-Jul-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 25/2014 BOVINE 14-Jul-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 26/2014 BOVINE 16-Jul-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 27/2014 BOVINE 05-Aug-14 O POS O
SRL 28/2014 BOVINE 01-Sep-14 O POS O
SRL 29/2014 BUFFALO 10-Sep-14 O POS O
SRL 30/2014 BUFFALO 10-Sep-14 O POS O
SRL 31/2014 BUFFALO 10-Sep-14 O POS O
SRL 32/2014 BUFFALO 10-Sep-14 O POS O
SRL 33/2014 BOVINE 11-Sep-14 NEG POS FMDV GD
SRL 34/2014 BOVINE 15-Sep-14 O POS O
SRL 35/2014 BOVINE 18-Sep-14 O POS O
TOTAL: 18
Abbreviations used in table:
FMD(V) Foot-and-mouth disease (virus) FMDV GD Genome detected FMDV NGD Genome not detected (samples submitted in Trizol, only rRT-
PCR carried out) VI/ELISA FMDV serotype identified following virus isolation in cell culture
and antigen ELISA RT-PCR Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction on epithelial
suspension for FMD (or SVD) viral genome NVD No foot-and-mouth disease, swine vesicular disease or
vesicular stomatitis virus detected NT Not tested
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 21
Table 3: Summary of samples collected and received to WRLFMD (October-December 2014)
Country
No of
samples
Virus isolation in cell culture/ELISA RT-PCR for FMD
(or SVD) virus (where appropriate) FMD virus serotypes
NVD O A C SAT 1 SAT 2 SAT 3 Asia 1 Positive Negative
BAHRAIN 3 3 - - - - - - - 3 -
EGYPT 28 9 2 - - 2 - - 15 18 10
ETHIOPIA 16 - - - - - - - 16 7 9
HONG KONG 2 1 - - - - - - 1 2 -
SOUTH KOREA 10 - - - - - - - - - -
VIETNAM 32 12 13 - - - - - 7 32 -
TOTAL 91 25 15 - - 2 - - 39 62 19
Sample results pending from previous report
SRI LANKA 18 8 - - - - - - 10 18 -
TOTAL 18 8 - - - - - - 10 18 -
Abbreviations used in table:
VI / ELISA FMD (or SVD) virus serotype identified following virus isolation in cell culture and antigen detection ELISA
FMD foot-and-mouth disease
SVD swine vesicular disease
NVD no FMD, SVD or vesicular stomatitis virus detected
NT not tested
RT-PCR reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for FMD (or SVD) viral genome
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 22
Table 4: Antigenic characterisation of FMD field isolates by matching with vaccine strains by 2dmVNT from October to December 2014
Vaccine Matching Studies for Serotype O FMDV by VNT
Sample Reference O 3039 O BFS O Manisa O TAW/98 O TUR/5/09
O/SRL/28/2014 M N N M M
O/SRL/30/2014 M N N M Borderline
O/MAY/2/2014 M NT Borderline Borderline N
O/MAY/3/2014 M NT M M M
Vaccine Matching Studies for Serotype A FMDV by VNT
Sample Reference A IRN/05 A22 IRQ A MAY/97 A TUR/06
A/MAY/12/2013 N M M M
A/MAY/20/2013 N M M M
A/MAY/23/2013 N M M N
A/CAR/4/2013 N N NT M
A/CAR/10/2013 N N NT M
Vaccine Matching Studies for Serotype SAT 2 FMDV by VNT
Sample Reference SAT 2 ERI SAT 2 ZIM
SAT 2/CAR/16/2013 M M
Abbreviations used in table:
M Vaccine Match- r1 = > 0.3. Suggests that there is a close relationship between field isolate and vaccine strain. A potent vaccine containing the vaccine strain is likely to confer protection.
N No Vaccine Match - r1 = < 0.3. Suggests that the field isolate is so different from the vaccine strain that the vaccine is unlikely to protect
Borderline
Any r1 values between 0.28 to 0.32
NT
Not tested against this vaccine
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 23
Annex 2
Recent FMD Publications (October-December 2014) cited by Web of Science (Pirbright Institute papers and authors are highlighted in BOLD)
1. Lefebvre, D.J., A.R. De Vleeschauwer, N. Goris, S. Van Borm, A. Chimirri, A.M. Monforte, B. Valdazo-Gonzalez, D.P. King, J. Neyts, and K. De Clercq, A thiazepino 4,5-a benzimidazole derivative hampers the RNA replication of Eurasian serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2014. 455(3-4): p. 378-81.
2. Reid, S.M., V. Mioulet, N.J. Knowles, N. Shirazi, G.J. Belsham, and D.P. King, Development of tailored real-time RT-PCR assays for the detection and differentiation of serotype O, A and Asia-1 foot-and-mouth disease virus lineages circulating in the Middle East. Journal of Virological Methods, 2014. 207: p. 146-153.
3. Fowler, V.L., B.M. Bankowski, B. Armson, A. Di Nardo, B. Valdazo-Gonzalez, S.M. Reid, P.V. Barnett, J. Wadsworth, N.P. Ferris, V. Mioulet, and D.P. King, Recovery of Viral RNA and Infectious Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus from Positive Lateral-Flow Devices. Plos One, 2014. 9(10).
4. Bari, F.D., S. Parida, T. Tekleghiorghis, A. Dekker, A. Sangula, R. Reeve, D.T. Haydon, D.J. Paton, and M. Mahapatra, Genetic and antigenic characterisation of serotype A FMD viruses from East Africa to select new vaccine strains. Vaccine, 2014. 32(44): p. 5794-5800.
5. Gonzales, J.L., M.A. Barrientos, L. Quiroga, D. Ardaya, O. Daza, C. Martinez, C. Orozco, J. Crowther, and D.J. Paton, Within herd transmission and evaluation of the performance of clinical and serological diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease in partially immune cattle, herds. Vaccine, 2014. 32(47): p. 6193-6198.
6. Forrest, S., Z. Lear, M.R. Herod, M. Ryan, D.J. Rowlands, and N.J. Stonehouse, Inhibition of the foot-and-mouth disease virus subgenomic replicon by RNA aptamers. The Journal of general virology, 2014. 95(Pt 12): p. 2649-57.
7. Gao, Z.-L., J.-H. Zhou, J. Zhang, Y.-Z. Ding, and Y.-S. Liu, The silent point mutations at the cleavage site of 2A/2B have no effect on the self-cleavage activity of 2A of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases, 2014. 28: p. 101-6.
8. Delgado, A.H., B. Norby, H.M. Scott, W. Dean, W.A. McIntosh, and E. Bush, Distribution of cow-calf producers' beliefs about reporting cattle with clinical signs of foot-and-mouth disease to a veterinarian before or during a hypothetical outbreak. Preventive veterinary medicine, 2014. 117(3-4): p. 505-17.
9. Delgado, A.H., B. Norby, H.M. Scott, W. Dean, W.A. McIntosh, and E. Bush, Distribution of cow-calf producers' beliefs regarding gathering and holding their cattle and observing animal movement restrictions during an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease. Preventive veterinary medicine, 2014. 117(3-4): p. 518-32.
10. East, I.J., S.E. Roche, R.M. Wicks, K. de Witte, and M.G. Garner, Options for managing animal welfare on intensive pig farms confined by movement restrictions during an outbreak of foot and mouth disease. Preventive veterinary medicine, 2014. 117(3-4): p. 533-41.
11. McReynolds, S.W., M.W. Sanderson, A. Reeves, and A.E. Hill, Modeling the impact of vaccination control strategies on a foot and mouth disease outbreak in the Central United States. Preventive veterinary medicine, 2014. 117(3-4): p. 487-504.
12. Su, C., X. Duan, R. Cao, J. Zheng, and P. Chen, Enhancement of mouse immune response by recombinant adenovirus co-expressing VP1-2A of foot-and-mouth disease virus and porcine IFN-alpha. Xi bao yu fen zi mian yi xue za zhi = Chinese journal of cellular and molecular immunology, 2014. 30(11): p. 1129-32.
13. Bucafusco, D., S. Di Giacomo, J. Pega, M.S. Juncos, J.M. Schammas, M. Perez-Filgueira, and A.V. Capozzo, Influence of antibodies transferred by colostrum in the immune responses of calves to current foot-and-mouth disease vaccines. Vaccine, 2014. 32(48): p. 6576-82.
14. Richards, K.K., M.L. Hazelton, M.A. Stevenson, C.Y. Lockhart, J. Pinto, and L. Nguyen, Using exceedance probabilities to detect anomalies in routinely recorded animal health data, with particular reference to foot-and-mouth disease in Viet Nam. Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology, 2014. 11: p. 125-33.
The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 24
15. Xin, A., M. Zhu, Q. Hu, H. Miao, Z. Peng, Y. He, L. Gao, and H. Li, Effect of amino acid mutation at position 127 in 3A of a rabbit-attenuated foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype Asia1 on viral replication and infection. Virologica Sinica, 2014. 29(5): p. 291-8.
16. Connolly, J., Dynamics of Change in the Aftermath of the 2001 UK Foot and Mouth Crisis: Were Lessons Learned? Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 2014. 22(4): p. 209-222.
17. Ehizibolo, D.O., A.M. Perez, C. Carrillo, S. Pauszek, M. AlKhamis, I. Ajogi, J.U. Umoh, H.M. Kazeem, P.O. Ehizibolo, A. Fabian, M. Berninger, K. Moran, L.L. Rodriguez, and S.A. Metwally, Epidemiological Analysis, Serological Prevalence and Genotypic Analysis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Nigeria 2008-2009. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2014. 61(6): p. 500-510.
18. Elhaig, M.M. and M.N. Elsheery, Molecular investigation of foot-and-mouth disease virus in domestic bovids from Gharbia, Egypt. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2014. 46(8): p. 1455-1462.
19. Ferrari, G., L. Tasciotti, E. Khan, and A. Kiani, Foot-and-Mouth Disease and Its Effect on Milk Yield: An Economic Analysis on Livestock Holders in Pakistan. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2014. 61(6): p. E52-E59.
20. Jamal, S.M., S.I. Shah, Q. Ali, A. Mehmood, M. Afzal, M. Afzal, and A. Dekker, Proper Quality Control of Formulated Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccines in Countries with Prophylactic Vaccination is Necessary. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2014. 61(6): p. 483-489.
21. Lefebvre, D.J., A.R. De Vleeschauwer, N. Goris, D. Kollanur, A. Billiet, L. Murao, J. Neyts, and K. De Clercq, Proof of Concept for the Inhibition of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Replication by the Anti-Viral Drug 2 '-C-Methylcytidine in Severe Combined Immunodeficient Mice. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2014. 61(6): p. E89-E91.
22. Morgan, K.L., I.G. Handel, V.N. Tanya, S.M. Hamman, C. Nfon, I.E. Bergman, V. Malirat, K.J. Sorensen, and B.M.d.C. Bronsvoort, Accuracy of Herdsmen Reporting versus Serologic Testing for Estimating Foot-and-Mouth Disease Prevalence. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2014. 20(12): p. 2048-2054.
23. Park, J.-H., K.-N. Lee, S.-M. Kim, H.-S. Lee, Y.-J. Ko, D.-S. Tark, Y.-K. Shin, M.-G. Seo, and B. Kim, Reemergence of Foot-and-Mouth Disease, South Korea, 2000-2011. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2014. 20(12): p. 2158-2161.
24. Ringa, N. and C.T. Bauch, Impacts of constrained culling and vaccination on control of foot and mouth disease in near-endemic settings: A pair approximation model. Epidemics, 2014. 9: p. 18-30.
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Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 26
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The content of this report is the property of WRLFMD®, The Pirbright Institute.
Copies of all the individual reports cited herein can be obtained from The Pirbright Institute and prior to presentation, publication
or any other public use of these data, please contact Dr Donald King, The Pirbright Institute, [email protected]. 27
Annex 3
RECOMMENDATIONS FROM WRLFMD® ON FMD VIRUS STRAINS TO BE INCLUDED IN FMDV ANTIGEN BANKS – December 2014
Note: Virus strains are NOT listed in order of importance
High Priority
O Manisa O PanAsia-2 (or equivalent)
O BFS or Campos A24 Cruzeiro Asia 1 Shamir
A Iran-05 (or A TUR 06) A22 Iraq
SAT 2 Saudi Arabia (or equivalent i.e. SAT 2 Eritrea)
Medium Priority
A Eritrea SAT 2 Zimbabwe
SAT 1 South Africa A Malaysia 97 (or Thai equivalent such as
A/NPT/TAI/86) A Argentina 2001
O Taiwan 97 (pig-adapted strain or Philippine equivalent)
Low Priority
A Iran ‘96 A Iran ‘99
A Iran 87 or A Saudi Arabia 23/86 (or equivalent) A15 Bangkok related strain A87 Argentina related strain
C Noville SAT 2 Kenya SAT 1 Kenya
SAT 3 Zimbabwe
Note: new risk-based priorities for FMD-free countries are currently being discussed.
