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Introduction to the UIS

RICYT-UIS-CONACYT Training Workshop on STI IndicatorsSan Salvador, El Salvador

4-5 November 2015

Rohan Pathirage, UIS

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Objectives of this presentation

Present the work that UIS does to support the collection and analysis of Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) indicators in developing countries

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UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)

Formerly UNESCO Office of Statistics; Division of Statistics on S&T

Established in 1999

September 2001 - the UIS moved from Paris to the University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada

30 November 2001 – UNESCO Director-General inaugurates the UNESCO Institute for Statistics in Montreal

Director: Ms. Silvia Montoya

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UIS presence around the world

•Montreal

• Nairobi

• Bangkok

• Santiago

• Paris

• Harare

Dakar●

• Doha• Delhi

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UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)

United Nations data repository for:

• Education

• Science, Technology and Innovation

• Culture

• Communication

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UIS is the UN lead agency for STI statistics

Official STI data source for:

• UN Statistical Division: UN Statistical Year Book

• UNDP: Human Development Report

• World Bank: World Development Indicators

Data publicly available at: http://www.uis.unesco.org

UIS Publications (can be downloaded from the UIS website): S&T Bulletins; Fact sheet, eAtlas on R&D statistics

UNESCO Reports: • UNESCO Science Report

• World Social Sciences Report

• Etc.

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Areas of work

R&D personnel & expenditure

Innovation data

Gender in STEM

Human resources devoted to S&T and international mobility

Longer term: Output & Impact

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Lines of action

1. STI survey operation and data guardianship

1.1 R&D Survey

1.2 Innovation Survey

2. Training in STI statistics: workshops & other training activities

3. Standard setting and methodological developments

4. Analysis and publications

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1. STI Survey operation and data guardianship

Global survey on statistics of Research and Development (R&D)

• Biennial since 2004

• Annual since 2015

• Global database on R&D Statistics

2011: Pilot survey of Innovation Statistics

2013: First global data collection of innovation statistics

2015: Second global data collection of innovation statistics

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1.1 Survey on Statistics of Research and Development (R&D)

Biennially until 2014, annual since 2015

2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014 R&D surveys completed.

7th round launched in September 2015.

Data and metadata released on UIS website (http://stats.uis.unesco.org).

OECD and Eurostat provide data for their Member States.

RICYT provides data for Latin America and for a few Caribbean countries.

Cooperation with ASTII in Africa

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Data collection: R&D Survey

R&D Personnel

By sector of employment, occupation, qualification, and field of science

In headcount and FTE

By gender

R&D Expenditure

By sector of performance and source of funds

By type of activity, field of science and by type of cost

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UIS 2012 and 2014 Surveys on R&D: response rates & published data

RegionsCountries & territories covered

Q2012 Q2014 Published data

Effective responses (ie. only with data)

Effective responses (ie. only with data)

As of June 2014

Sub-Saharan Africa 45 8 18%19%

8 18%17%

35 78%76%

Arab States in Africa 9 2 22% 1 11% 6 67%

Asia (excl. Arab States in Asia & OECD)

31 15 48%44%

13 42%44%

25 81%74%

Arab States in Asia 12 4 33% 6 50% 7 58%

Americas (excl. RICYT & OECD) 14 1 7% 1 7% 4 29%

Europe (excl. OECD & Eurostat) 16 6 38% 6 38% 11 69%

Oceania (excl. OECD) 15 0 0% 0 0% 3 20%

Sub-total (only from UIS R&D survey)

142 36 25% 35 25% 91 64%

Data from other sources:                OECD+Eurostat 44 44 100% 44 100% 44 100%

RICYT 26 20 77% 20 77% 20 77%

Total countries & territories (incl. OECD, EU, RICYT)

212 100 47% 99 47% 155 73%

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1.2 Innovation Statistics: Why?

Medium-term objective of the International Review of S&T Statistics & Indicators 2002-03;

May provide information on the business sector in developing countries that R&D statistics won’t supply;

Many developing countries recently starting to carry out innovation surveys;

UIS has a natural coordinating role as UN lead agency on STI statistics.

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The UIS innovation statistics strategy

Goal: to increase the availability of timely, accurate and policy-relevant statistics in the field of STI through the development of a global database of comparable innovation statistics

STI survey operation & data guardianship UIS Catalogue of innovation surveys 2011 UIS pilot innovation data collection 2012 UIS innovation metadata collection 2013 UIS innovation data collection 2015 data collection currently in the field

Capacity building & training Methodological developments & survey help Analysis & publications

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2013 UIS innovation data collection (1)

Launch: July, 2013

Countries: all countries with official innovation surveys: Questionnaire sent to 65 countries: responded 35 countries Eurostat data: 31 countries

Observation period: most recent innovation survey for which data are available

Industrial coverage: manufacturing

Data release: July, 2014

UIS Data Centre:

http://data.uis.unesco.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=INNOV_DS

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2013 UIS innovation data collection (2)

Countries - valid responses:

Africa:• 6 responses

Arab States:• 2 responses

Asia and the Pacific:• 12 responses

Europe:• 3 responses (+31 Eurostat)

LAC:• 10 responses

North America*:• 1 response

Total:

• 65 responses

* Mexico is included in LAC

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2. Capacity building: STI statistics workshops

Increase the number of countries regularly producing quality S&T indicators.

Create local capacities and establish sustainable local S&T statistics systems.

Promote the use of S&T indicators for evidence-based S&T policy making.

Share experiences with other developing countries and address problems.

Gain knowledge about the particular characteristics of S&T statistics data.

Demonstrate good practices in other countries of the region.

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UIS STI Statistics regional workshops

2005: Uganda, India

2006: Indonesia, Senegal, Kazakhstan

2007: Tunisia, FYR of Macedonia, Jordan, Russia, Cameroon

2008: Oman, Cambodia, Botswana

2009: Kenya, Egypt

2010: Mali, Syria, Jordan*, Uzbekistan, Ethiopia*, Nepal

2011: Grenada, Gabon, Azerbaijan*, Vietnam

2012: Qatar, UAE*, Cape Town, Vietnam*

2013: Iran, Colombia

2014: Angola*, Indonesia*, Morocco, Mongolia*

2015: Cabo Verde*, Guyana*, Jamaica*, Bahamas*

+ also contributing to similar workshops of partner organisations (e.g. RICYT, NEPAD, other partner orgs).* National workshops

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Results of workshops

Increased response rate – non-responding countries learn how to do it from UIS and neighbours.

Immediate problems solved.

Increased data quality – improved understanding of application of international standards.

Face to face contacts = more effective networking.

Inputs to UIS programme development.

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3. Standard setting/ methodological developments

Measuring R&D in Developing Countries: Technical Guide and Annex to the Frascati Manual (2010)

Now mainstreamed in the revised Frascati Manual Annex to the Oslo Manual (2005) OECD/UIS/Eurostat Careers of Doctorate Holders

(CDH) Project Technical Paper on the Conduct of an R&D survey

(2014) Revision of the concept of Scientific and

Technological Activities (in progress) Country-level technical assistance on R&D and

innovation surveys

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STEM and Gender Advancement (SAGA)

Improved Measurement of Gender Equality in Science, Technology, Mathematics and Engineering (STEM);

A Global UNESCO Project, with the support of Sida.

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SAGA’s ultimate objectives

Reduce the gender gap in scientific and engineering fields in all countries at all levels of education and research;

Analyse gender related policies and indicators and how they affect the gender balance in STEM;

Strengthen gender equality perspectives in science policy design.

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Results SAGA hopes to achieve

Member States, UNESCO and others enabled to measure the status of women and girls in science using sound methodologies and tested indicators on gender equality STEM and data included in the UIS database;

An updated inventory of policy instruments affecting gender equality in STEM incorporated in the Global Observatory on Science Technology and Innovation Policy Instruments (GOSPIN);

A critical mass of officials in pilot countries trained to collect data;

Technical Paper of proposed standard practice for surveys on gender policy instruments and indicators on STEM published.

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4. Some publications

Data publicly available at:

• http://www.uis.unesco.org/DataCentre/Pages/default.aspx

• http://www.uis.unesco.org/DataCentre/Pages/BrowseScience.aspx

UIS Fact Sheets

• http://www.uis.unesco.org/FactSheets/Pages/ScienceTech.aspx

UNESCO Science Report

• http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/science-technology/prospective-studies/unesco-science-report/unesco-science-report-2015/

R&D eAtlas:

• http://www.uis.unesco.org/data/atlas-research-development/en

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Collaborations / Partnerships

UNESCO HQs

World Bank

Eurostat

AU-NEPAD

ADB

ATPS

ISDB

EU-Medibtikar

IDRC (Canada)

IRD (France)

IDB

UNESCO offices worldwide

OECD

RICYT (Latin America)

ALECSO

Arab Academy of Science

ISESCO

Inter-Academy Council

INRS (Quebec, Canada)

ASEAN Centre for Social Innovation (ZSI),

Austria

ECO

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Thank you!

http://www.uis.unesco.orgr.pathirage@unesco.org