Agriculture,Industry and development

IndexAgricultureIndustryTransporteCommerceFinance

AGRICULTURE:Land

confiscation

Known as desamortización, it consiste of a set of laws that took the land away from the Church and the municipalities and sold them for profit. The most important law of

desamortización was devised by Mendizábal.

AGRICULTURE:Land

confiscationHowever, the outcome of these laws were note as expected:• There were not many landowners because the land was

sold in auction by the wealthy class or wealthy middle class. These new estates are the origin of the modern latifundios* in Andalucía.

• The owners imposed harder working conditions to the peasants.

• Some improvements took place new machinery, fertilisers and new irrigation techniques.

INDUSTRY

The industrial revolucion had only a small impact in Spain.

Due to the desamortización laws the wealthy people invested on buying land insten of other enterprises.There sin’t a high demanda of goods.The middle clases was small and lacked initiative.And there is political instability.

INDUSTRY Mining industry: had a big

expansion in Spain. Iron and steel industry: had

bigger investments. Textile industry.

TRANSPORT : ROADSIt was in the 18th century when Spanish roads received a major boost and managed a network of nationwide, the construction of the network of radial structure linking the Centre of Madrid, with the major ports was launched in this time.

TRANSPORT: RAILWAY

The rail network, was a major innovation in the material of transport and communications. They were faster than horses and horse-drawn carriages and more protected from attackers on the way.

The first Spanish railway approval was in 1830, but was not built until 1854.The first railway line in the Iberian Peninsula, joining the towns of Barcelona and Mataró, open to the public on November 1, 1848. In 1849 is requesting approval to the line from Madrid to Aranjuez with 49 km; they oblige the Government to carry out a project of law on railways.

COMMERCECommerce was slow to develop because of the limited demand on a national level and the lack of export oppotunities with the los of the colonies.

INTERNAL COMMERCEInternal commerce changed in the first third of the century and became national or local because taxes and gremial groups suppressed.

EXTERNAL COMMERCEA low increment due to exportacions rather

than importations.Commercial activity was increased.Products.

FINANCIAL SYSTEM

In 1856 the bank of Spain was created, and it replaced the Bank of san Fernando founded by the state and those main function wasissue bills and lend money to Gobernment.In 1857 the bank of Bilbao and bank of Santander were founded.The creation of the peseta as a new unit of monetarian sistem in October 1868.Development of Stock exchange (1831)