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1
YOUTH AND WORKKIDS COUNT POLICY REPORT
PATRICE CROMWELL
FEBRUARY 11, 2013
2
Data: Employment Declining for Youth, Especially Teens
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
44
25
72
60
81
75
57
59
16 to 1920 to 2425 to 5455 to 64
Source: CPS data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Ages
Percent of Persons Who Are Employed
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Data: State-by-State DisparitiesEmployment Population Ratio (ages 16 – 19)
Percent of 16- to 19-year-olds who are employed
Highest Employment: North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska
Lowest Employment: California, Florida, Georgia
Percent Employed
14 - 21
22 - 29
30 - 37
38 - 46
Source: PRB analysis of CPS data
4
Data: 6.5 Million Disconnected Youth
Source: CPS data from the Center for Labor Market Studies, Northeastern University.
Youth struggling the most are less educated, come from low-income families and belong
to a racial or ethnic minority
Among these 6.5 million disconnected youth, 21% are parents with young
children in the home
Disconnected Youth Adults Ages 20 to 24Disconnected Youth Ages 16 to 19
5
Youth and Work: Skills Gaps
1973 20070%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Master's Degree or better
Bachelor's Degree
Associate's Degree
Some College, No Degree
High School graduates
High School dropouts
• Economy has changed:
fewer jobs, outsourcing,
technology advancements
• More skills needed: Today’s
workers need increased
education credentials
• Businesses are hiring older,
more experienced workers
Number of people: 91 million 154 million
32%
40%
12%
9%
7%
11%
30%
17%
10%
21%
11%
Jobs Increasing for College vs. High School Graduates
Source: March CPS data, various years; Center on Education and the Workforce.
6
Youth and Work: Challenges and Opportunities
• Challenges
– Public systems serving youth are often not well aligned, especially workforce and education
– Federal programs have different funding goals, eligibility criteria, performance measures and tracking
• Opportunities
– Local regions coming together to create comprehensive education, training and jobs programs for youth
– Effective skill-building programs showing promise: Youth Corps, Career academies with early work experience, sector training and bridge programs to college
8
Youth and Work:Guiding Principles for Action
• Build on the national momentum underway and the partnerships that have emerged over the last few years
• Ensure young people’s voices and youth leadership are a key part of the work going forward
• Make closing racial and economic disparities the central focus of the work going forward
• Build solutions from what is showing promising results on the ground
9
Youth and Work: Six Recommendations for Action
• Promote a national agenda and
public policy reform
– Set national goals, allow for flexible
funding, target resources to
disconnected youth
• Invest in local collaboratives in sites
to create multi-stakeholder
partnerships
– Bring employers, public agencies
and communities together to align
programs and resources
• Scale up effective programs
– Build on what works: programs with
education, training and mentorship
plus work
• Promote social enterprise and
microenterprise opportunities for
youth
– Foster entrepreneurship
• Help share employer best practices
and incentivize youth hiring
nationally
-- Earn/learn partnerships
• Take a two-generation approach –
link programs for young parents and
supports for young children in the
same family
– Consider supports for the children
such as early childhood education
10
Youth and Work: Summary
• National momentum underway about improving youth opportunities
– White House Office of Community Solutions and many partners here
today like the Corps Network are improving youth policies and opportunities
• Casey eager to take part in the conversation. With our partners, we can:
– Scale effective practices and build evidence
– Bring focus on most-vulnerable disconnected youth:
youth in foster care and juvenile justice system and teen parents
– Support expanded business role in providing work experiences