African Commission on Nuclear Energy - the United Nations

African Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone Treaty (Pelindaba Treaty)

African Commission on Nuclear Energy

1

Messaoud BAALIOUAMER AFCONE Executive Secretary

Towards the 2020 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)

20 – 21 November 2019, Vienna, Austria

Thematic Seminar on Pillar III: the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

IAEA Technical Cooperation

AFCONE ES NPT Seminar Vienna 20 21 Nov 19 2

• July 1964 (Cairo) : The Organization of African Unity (OAU) adopted the Declaration onDenuclearization of Africa.

• April 1996 (Cairo): The African Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone Treaty (Pelindaba Treaty) wasadopted and opened for signature.

• 15 July 2009 : Entrance into force of the Treaty (afterratification of the 28th State Party)

• November 2010 : First Conference of States Parties

• May 2011 : First Ordinary session of the African Commission on Nuclear Energy (AFCONE)

• Current Situation:

• 52 Countries, Member States of the African Union (AU) signed the Treaty.

• 41 Countries, AU Members had deposited their instruments of ratification

3AFCONE ES NPT Seminar Vienna 20 21 Nov 19

The Pelindaba Treaty

• The Treaty contains 22 articles, 3 annexes and 3 protocols.

• 9 articles concern States Parties obligations: 8 on Safety, Security and Safeguards

• Article 3, renunciation of nuclear explosive devices,

• Article 4, prevention of stationing of nuclear explosive devices,

• Article 5, prohibition of testing of nuclear explosive devices,

• Article 6, declaration, dismantling, destruction or conversion ofnuclear explosive devices and the facilities for their manufacture,

• Article 7, prohibition of dumping of radioactive wastes,

• Article 8, peaceful nuclear activities,• Article 9, verification of Peaceful Uses,

• Article 10, physical protection of nuclear materials and facilities,

• Article 11, prohibition of armed attack on nuclear installations.


The Pelindaba Treaty Provisions

Article 8

“Parties are encouraged to make use of the

programme of assistance available in IAEA and, in

this connection, to strengthen cooperation under

the African Regional Cooperation Agreement for

Research, Training and Development Related to

Nuclear Science and Technology (hereinafter

referred to as AFRA)”

➔ This Article includes the Safety & Security & Safeguards Programs undertaken by the

IAEA and/or AFRA


The Pelindaba Treaty Provisions (2)Peaceful Nuclear Applications

1. For the purpose of ensuring compliance with their undertakings under

this Treaty, the Parties agree to establish the African Commission

on Nuclear Energy (hereinafter referred to as the Commission) as set

out in Annex III.

2. The Commission shall be responsible inter alia for:

a. Collating the reports and the exchange of information as provided

for in article 13;

b. arranging consultations as provided for in Annex IV, as well as convening conferences of

Parties on the concurrence of simple majority of State Parties on any matter arising from

the implementation of the Treaty;

c. Reviewing the application to peaceful nuclear activities of safeguards by

IAEA as elaborated in Annex II;

d. Bringing into effect the complaints procedure elaborated in Annex IV;

e. Encouraging regional and sub-regional programmes for cooperation in

the peaceful uses of nuclear science and technology;

f. Promoting international cooperation with extra-zonal States for the

peaceful uses of nuclear science and technology.


The Pelindaba Treaty Provisions (2)Article 12: Mechanism for compliance

The African Union Commission is the Depositary of the Pelindaba Treaty.


AFCONE VISION

AFCONE Strategic Plans



CSP

41 SPs

AFCONE

(12 SPs)

AFCONE Bureau

(Chair, V. Chair, ES)

AFCONE SECRETARIAT

Specialised Teams & Regional Resources Centres

AFCONE Organisation

AFCONE: Organisation (2)

• Designation of 4 Thematic Working Groups:

1. Scientific Nuclear Applications,

2. National Compliance and Verification (national reports),

3. Safety and Security (Safeguards, Radioactive Waste),

4. International Cooperation & Partnerships (Resources Mobilization)

• Specialised Teams: Experts from the Region, Roster & TORs,

• AFCONE Vision, Strategy Planning, Programme Development &

Partnership

• States Parties Reports: Monitoring & Evaluation



THEME

PILLAR

THEMATIC AREAS OF CONCENTRATION FOR

THE MEDIUM-TERM STRATEGIC PLAN

Pillar 1: Compliance and Safeguards Disarmament, Verification and Safeguards

Pillar 2: Safety and Security Radiation and Nuclear Safety and Nuclear Security

Pillar 3: Promotional N S&T Human Health

Water & Environment

Food & Agriculture

Energy

Thematic priority areas under the three Pillars of AFCONE


Item Organisations Invited to the AFCONE EOS 12-13 February 2019

1 International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

2 Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organisation (CTBTO)

3 AFRA Agreement

4 African Commission of Energy (AFREC)

5 ESARDA Association European Union (EU)

6 Peace and Security Department (African Union Commission/ AUC)

7 Human Resources & Science and Technology Department (African Union Commission/ AUC)

8 UN Office of Disarmament Affairs (UNODA) & UNREC

9 International Nuclear Safeguards Engagement Program

(INSEP/NNSA/USA)

10 Agency for the Prohibition of the Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (OPANAL)

11 Forum of the Regulatory Bodies in Africa (FNRBA)

Cooperation & Partnership


AU STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP : The Way Forward

In Addition and taking into account the Recent Developments: Russia


The References considered for the elaboration of these SPs are mainly:

- African Union Constitutive Act, - Pelindaba Treaty, - Programme of Activities adopted by the 4th Conference of State Parties (2018), - African Union Agenda 2063 & the Ten First Years Programme- Common African Position (CAP) on the Post-2015 Development Agenda- Delivering AU Reforms and Accelerating Agenda 2063 Implementation- AUC-Medium-Term Plan (2018- 2023)- AFCONE State Parties Annual Reports- IAEA draft Medium Term Strategy 2018–2023,- IAEA Regional Programme Framework (RPF) for Africa 2019-2023- IAEA TC Regional Programme Framework 2019-2023- IAEA Annual Reports (Safeguards, Verification), - IAEA Technical Cooperation programmes 2018/2019 and 2020/2021- AFRA Agreement, AFRA RCF 2019-2023 and Annual Reports - FNRBA Charter and Annual Reports - ….

AFCONE Strategic Plans Short Term 2019-2020 and Medium Term 2021 2025

Additional References : To Take into Consideration


Strategic Plans, Working Documents and Annual Reports of the African Networks which are Active/ Operational in Nuclear Science and Technology:

✓ AFRA Network for Nuclear Education, Science and Technology (AFRA NEST)

✓ African Network for Enhancing Nuclear Power Programme Development (ANENP)

✓ Regional Network of African National Nuclear Institutions (RENANNI)

✓ Regional Advisory Safety Committee for Research Reactors in Africa (RASCA)

✓ Federation of African Medical Physicists Organisations (FAMPO)

✓ African Radiation Oncology Group (AFROG) ✓ ….

Provisions of the Pelindaba Treaty & AFCONE Mandate

➢ Priority given to the most pressing needs of the States Parties:Peaceful nuclear applications, Radioactive waste management,Safety, Security and Safeguards

➢Capacity building in Africa: Establish a critical mass of specializedteams and African experts, in each of the fields of activities related tothe provisions of the Pelindaba Treaty;

➢Make Full Use of the infrastructure, already available in Africa(Research Centers, Institutes and Universities, Agencies,Institutions), recognized (at regional and/or international level) fortheir Excellence,

➢Optimal Synergy and Maximum Cooperation with all Regional andInternational Partners in charge of the implementation of theseactivities (IAEA, CTBTO, AFRA, FNRBA, Institutions and Agenciesbelonging to the Parties to the Protocols of the Pelindaba Treaty...)considering the following parameters: convergence of objectives,complementarity of activities (avoiding duplication) andoptimization of human and financial resources.


AFCONE: Programme of Work 2018-2020

Peaceful Nuclear Applications in Africa


Health:- Radiation Medicine

(medical imaging, nuclear medicine, radiotherapy, radiopharmacy…)

Industry:- Non Destructive Testing- Radiation Technology

Food and Agriculture:- Animal Health- Crop Improvement

Water Resource Management:- Isotopic Hydrology …….

IAEA 2018 TC Report

Nuclear Science and Technology

Nuclear Research Reactors



Activities: Education & Training in Nucl Eng, Nucl Sci & TechResearch & Development in Nucl Eng, including SafetyNeutron Applications Radioisotopes Production

Challenges: Strategic and Business PlansSafety & Security & Safeguards

IAEA – AFRA Brochure

Nuclear Research Reactors in Africa

ENERGY : NEEDS in AFRICA

Current Situation, Projects & SSS Challenges


• Energy is the backbone of any strong development. And where do we get energy from?

• African governments are working to make electricity more widely accessible: Roughly

57% of the population of sub-Saharan Africa does not have access to electricity.


Africa: Energy Needs

• A third of the almost 30 countries currentlyconsidering nuclear power are in Africa:

Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria andSudan have already engaged with the IAEA toassess their readiness to embark on a nuclearprogramme.

Algeria, Tunisia, Uganda and Zambia are alsoconsidering the possibility of nuclear power.


Nuclear Energy Programs in Africa


Nuclear Energy & Industry Programs in Africa Uranium Mining


Nuclear Infrastructure: IAEA Milestones Approach

Commitment to use nuclear power for peaceful purposes, in a safe and secure manner

Necessity to

Establish an Adequate Legal Framework

to comply with the fundamental requirements of treaties, conventions, protocols and other

relevant international legal instruments


Nuclear Energy: Challenges

LEGAL FRAMEWORK GOVERNING THE SAFE AND SECURE PEACEFUL USES

OF NUCLEAR ENERGY

Status in Africa (2018-2019) ➔

To Be Continuously Assessed & the Situation Improved


1986 Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident:

So far, as of 1 June 2018, the Convention has 121 Parties, of which 21 of them are AfricanStates.

1986 Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or RadiologicalEmergency:

To date (1 June 2018) 21 States from Africa are parties to this Convention which has a total116 Parties.

1994 Convention on Nuclear Safety:

As of 1 June 2018, 9 States from Africa are Parties to this Convention. The Convention has atotal of 84 Parties.

1997 Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety ofRadioactive Waste Management:

As of 1 June 2018, the Convention has 78 Parties, of which there are 12 States from Africa.

1979 Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material:

As of 1 June 2018, the Convention has 156 Parties. 37 States from Africa are Parties.


LEGAL FRAMEWORK GOVERNING THE SAFE AND PEACEFUL

USES OF NUCLEAR ENERGY: Status in Africa (2018)

2005 Amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material:

21 African States are Parties to the Amendment which has 84 out of a total of 116 Partiesas of 1 June 2018.

1963 Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage:

As of 1 June 2018, the Convention has 40 Parties. Among them, 6 States are from Africa.

1997 Protocol to Amend the Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage:

So far, as of 1 June 2018, the Protocol has 13 Parties including two from Africa.

1988 Joint Protocol Relating to the Application of the Vienna Convention and the ParisConvention: The protocol has 26 States as parties. The Joint Protocol has 28 Parties. OneState from Africa is Party to the Joint Protocol as of 1 June 2018.

1997 The Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage:

As of 1 June 2018, the Convention has 10 Parties including two States from Africa.

(See States’ Participation in Major Agreements in Appendix/ IAEA OLA Status/ April2019)


LEGAL FRAMEWORK GOVERNING THE SAFE AND PEACEFUL USES OF NUCLEAR ENERGY: Status in Africa (2018)

• African countries need to develop a good understanding of therequirements for building infrastructure for the introduction ofnuclear power to support their decision making on whether andwhen to introduce nuclear power.

• These requirements include nuclear safety, nuclear security andsafeguards, human resources development, funding andfinancing possibilities, waste management/disposal, andenvironmental issues.


Nuclear Energy Programs in Africa Nuclear Power Development


INIR missions in Member StatesIn 2009, the IAEA conducted the First INIR Mission

to a country embarking on the use of nuclear power.

Since then, 26 such review missions for the different phases of developing a nuclear power programme were hosted by the following Member States:

Bangladesh, Belarus, Ghana, Indonesia, Jordan, Kazakhstan,Kenya, Malaysia, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, the Philippines, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Thailand, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, Viet Nam and South Africa (an operating country) and recently in Egypt (2019)

IAEA INTEGRATED NUCLEAR INFRASTRUCTURE REVIEW MISSIONS

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/iaea-reviews-progress-of-bangladeshs-nuclear-infrastructure-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/belarus-making-important-progress-path-nuclear-power

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/pressreleases/iaea-reviews-ghanas-nuclear-power-infrastructure-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/iaea-reviews-jordans-progress-developing-nuclear-power-programme

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/pressreleases/iaea-reviews-kazakhstans-nuclear-power-infrastructure-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/pressreleases/iaea-reviews-kenya%E2%80%99s-nuclear-power-infrastructure-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/pressreleases/iaea-reviews-malaysias-nuclear-power-infrastructure-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/pressreleases/iaea-reviews-morocco%E2%80%99s-nuclear-power-infrastructure-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/pressreleases/iaea-reviews-nigers-nuclear-power-infrastructure-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/pressreleases/iaea-reviews-nigerias-nuclear-power-infrastructure-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/pressreleases/iaea-reviews-the-philippines-nuclear-power-infrastructure-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/iaea-reviews-polands-progress-nuclear-power-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/pressreleases/iaea-reviews-saudi-arabias-nuclear-power-infrastructure-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/pressreleases/iaea-reviews-sudans-nuclear-power-infrastructure-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/iaea-reviews-turkeys-progress-nuclear-power-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/pressreleases/iaea-reviews-uaes-nuclear-power-infrastructure-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/iaea-reviews-viet-nams-nuclear-power-infrastructure-development

https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/iaea-reviews-south-africas-nuclear-infrastructure-expansion

AFRICA Takes Positive Steps Towards Nuclear Energy !


AFRICA Takes Positive Steps Towards Nuclear Energy !


November 2019: IAEA Reviews Egypt’s Power Infrastructure Development


An International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA) team of experts has concluded a 11-day mission to the Arab Republic of Egypt toreview its infrastructure development for thenuclear power programme.

The Integrated Nuclear InfrastructureReview (INIR), which ended on 6 November,was conducted at the invitation of theGovernment of Egypt.

The INIR team reviewed the status of nuclearinfrastructure development using the Phase2 criteria of the IAEA’s Milestones Approach.

The mission was hosted by the NuclearPower Plants Authority (NPPA) which is theowner/operator of nuclear power plants inEgypt.

“The INIR mission was conducted in a cooperative and open atmosphere” said team leader Jose Bastos, Technical Lead of the IAEA’s Nuclear Infrastructure Development Section. “Egypt is well placed for the construction phase of its first nuclear power plant.”

Egypt, with a population of almost 100 million,plans to construct its first nuclear power plant(NPP) at El-Dabaa, located on the Mediterraneancoast about 150 km west of Alexandria. Egypt hasengaged with an EPC contractor to construct andcommission four 1200 MWe pressurized waterreactors.REFERENCE; http://nppa.gov.eg/en/iaea-reviews-egypts-nuclear-power-infrastructure-

development/

http://nppa.gov.eg/en/iaea-reviews-egypts-nuclear-power-infrastructure-development/

Safeguards

“IAEA safeguards are a fundamental component of theinternational nuclear Non-Proliferation regime, promote greaterconfidence among States, inter alia, by providing assurancethat States are complying with their obligations under relevantsafeguards agreements, contribute to strengthening theircollective security and help creating an environment conduciveto nuclear cooperation”


IAEA General Conference Resolution on Safeguards

IAEA Safeguards in 2018


Safeguards are activities by which the IAEA can verify that a State is implementing itsinternational commitments and is not using nuclear programmes for nuclear-weapon purposesComprehensive Safeguards Agreements.

Of particular importance is the requirement under a comprehensive safeguards agreementto establish and maintain a State system of accounting for and control of nuclear material(SSAC). The effectiveness of SSACs, and the extent of their cooperation with the IAEA, has adirect impact on the effectiveness and efficiency of IAEA safeguards.

Status of Safeguards Agreements and Additional Protocols in Africa As of 31 December2017:

1) 43 States in Africa had comprehensive safeguards agreements (CSA) in force, pursuant tothe NPT.

- Of the 43 States with CSA in force, 35 also have Additional Protocols in force.

- Of the 8 States with CSA in force, but without Additional Protocols in force, 2 had signedAdditional Protocols, and 1 had submitted such a protocol for approval by the IAEA Board.


LEGAL FRAMEWORK GOVERNING THE SAFE AND PEACEFUL USES OF NUCLEAR ENERGY : Safeguards Agreements (Africa/ Jan 2018)

LEGAL FRAMEWORK GOVERNING THE SAFE AND PEACEFUL USES OF NUCLEAR ENERGY : Safeguards Agreements (Jan 2018)

2) There are 9 African States that are party to the NPT, but without

comprehensive safeguards agreements or Additional Protocols in force.

- Of these 9 States, there are 6 that had signed comprehensive safeguards agreements,

1 that had submitted such an agreement to the IAEA Board for approval, and 5 that had

signed Additional Protocols.

- Of these 9 States, there are 3 that had not taken any action with regard to

comprehensive safeguards agreements or Additional Protocols.

3) 37 African States with limited quantities of nuclear material and/or

no nuclear facilities had also concluded Small Quantities Protocols

(SQP) to their safeguards agreements Of those States with an SQP, 30

had accepted the revised SQP.

The Latest Updated Status (Oct 2019) could be found at :

https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/19/10/sg-agreements-comprehensive-statust-16-october-2019.pdf

AFCONE ES INSEP Workshop Vienna 18 21 Nov 2019 37

https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/19/10/sg-agreements-comprehensive-statust-16-october-2019.pdf

IAEA Role within the NWFZs

• IAEA cooperation with respect to NWFZs is principally in the form of theprovision of credible assurances that States are honoring their safeguardsobligations pursuant to CSAs concluded with the IAEA, pursuant to theirobligations under the NPT and NWFZ treaties.

• Additionally, the IAEA will continue sharing its technical expertise insupport of the development of NWFZs, as requested and in line withdecisions and resolutions of its Policy Making Organs, as it has beendoing.

• Finally, the safe, secure and peaceful use of nuclear energy in a givenState can be better assured with the promulgation and implementationof an effective national nuclear legal framework.

• In this regard, the IAEA will continue to assist IAEA Member States partiesto those treaties through its legislative assistance programmein developing and revisiting their respective national legal frameworksgoverning the peaceful uses of nuclear energy and ionizing radiation in order toenable them to implement at national level the relevant international legalinstruments on nuclear non-proliferation, safeguards, nuclear safety andsecurity and liability for nuclear damage to which they adhered.Ref: IAEA Statement, UNODA Seminar/ Nur Sultan, by Ms. Maria De Lourdes Vez Carmona/ SH. OLA/ IAEA)


Agenda 2063



• Promote the Peaceful Nuclear Applications, including Nuclear Power (NPP)

• Contribute to Capacity Building in Africa, in the Fields of Nuclear Energy, Safety, Security andSafeguards,

• Support, in Close Coordination and Synergy, the Regional and Continental Programmes, Projectsand Activities in the Field of Nuclear Science and Technology,

• Develop Partnership with Nuclear Science and Technology Most Advanced Countries,

• Establish an African Roster of Experts in all the Pelindaba Treaty Provisions Fields,

• Identify Regional Infrastructure of Excellence (Centers, Institutes, Industry…) in NuclearSciences, Technology and Applications,

• Follow Up, with the Regional and International Partners, of the Development Status in theSpecific Fields of Activities and Contribute to Regional Prospects Studies,

• Organise Periodic Regional Events, with all the Stakeholders, to Assess the Evolution of theNeeds & Support the Appropriate Response


AFCONE Plan of Action: 2018-2020

CONTINENTAL SYNERGY: AFCONE - AFRA – FNRBA…

• Considering the African Commission on Nuclear Energy (AFCONE) Mandate and Missions,

• Unique Treaty related to Nuclear Matters, under the Auspices of the African Union Commission,

• Recognised by the African Union as the Specialised Agency dealing with Nuclear Matters

(Ref: AU Handbook 2018 & AUC Harare Meeting on AU SAs (May 2019)),

• Considering the African Regional Cooperative Agreement for Research, Development and Training

related to Nuclear Science and Technology (AFRA), Intergovernmental Regional Agreement, with the

IAEA being the depository.

• Operational since April 1990, 6 Years before the Signature of the Pelindaba Treaty,

• Considering the Forum of Nuclear Regulatory Bodies in Africa (FNRBA), established on March 26

2009 and Supported by the IAEA/TC (AFRA project RAF 9038) to strengthen and harmonize radiation

and nuclear safety and security regulatory infrastructures in its Member Countries,

• Platform for the exchange of regulatory experiences and practices among the nuclear regulatory

bodies,


African Common Positions

• Considering the Article 03 of the African Union Constitutive Act, inparticular the following objectives:

• accelerate the political and socio-economic integration of the continent;

• promote and defend African common positions on issues of interest to thecontinent and its peoples;

• coordinate and harmonize the policies between the existing and futureRegional Economic Communities for the gradual attainment of the objectives of theUnion;

• Considering the Agenda 2063: the Continent pledges to continue tospeak with one voice and to act collectively to promote its commoninterests and positions in the international arena,

• Considering the Common African Position on the Post-2015Development Agenda (CAP) and the sustainable development goals(SDGs):

• Emphasize that the post-2015 Development Agenda provides a uniqueopportunity for Africa to reach consensus on common challenges, prioritiesand aspirations, and to actively participate in the global debate on how to providea fresh impetus to the MDGs and to examine and devise strategies to address keyemerging development issues on the continent in the coming years.


Africa Speaking As One

Africa Speaking As One :

• Africa’s increasing ability to speak with one voice on global issues is one of therecognized hallmarks of its growing transformation and strengths as a globalplayer.

• Africa is on an upward trend and seeks mutually beneficial relations with otherregions and continents.

• In this respect, the African Union (AU) looks at the nature of Africa’spartnerships with a view to rationalizing them and enhancing the benefits forits transformation and integration efforts, notably by:

• Strengthening its common perspectives on partnerships, and

• Speaking with one voice on global matters.

https://www.un.org/en/africa/osaa/advocacy/onevoice.shtml


https://www.un.org/en/africa/osaa/partnerships/au.shtml

https://www.un.org/en/africa/osaa/advocacy/onevoice.shtml

African Union - AFCONE Missions & Mandate

AFCONE, which Secretariat Premises are in Pretoria (South Africa), according to theHost Agreement signed between the African Union Commission and theGovernment of the Republic of South Africa, has the following missions and tasks,as the AU Treaty Body and Specialised Agency:

• to Promote, Follow Up and Support, from Africa, the Continental Programmesin the all the Fields of Activities in Nuclear Science & Technology, including thecross-cutting ones related to education & training and safety & security,

• AFCONE Secretariat, based in Africa, should be considered as the “In The FieldManagement Unit (FMU)” for AFRA and FNRBA (and the African recognizednetworks active in NS&T),

• AFCONE Secretariat will support AFRA and FNRBA (and the operational Africanrecognized networks in NS&T), through its Communication and ResourcesMobilisation Strategies, in particular with the African Union Strategic Partnersand the Parties to the Protocols of the Pelindaba Treaty,


African Union: AFCONE Missions & Mandate

According to the 3 Pillars of the AFCONE Mandate:

• An AFCONE Senior Policy Officer will be Responsible for Developing

and Managing (according to the Pelindaba Treaty Provisions) the

Safeguards Programmes and Activities in the Continent.

• AFCONE is recommending to the African Union to consider:

• The AFRA Agreement as the Main Executing Arm of the African

Commission on Nuclear Energy, in charge, according to the AFRA

Agreement Provisions, of the promotion and implementation in

Africa of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy,

• The FNRBA as the Main Executing Arm of the African Commission on

Nuclear Energy, in charge, according to the Approved Charter, of the

Safety and Security Programmes and Activities,

NB: The AFRA Agreement and the FNRBA Charter could be amended if deemed necessary by

the African Member States.


AYGN – WINA- Academia – Diaspora

- According to the African Union Policies and the Pelindaba Treaty Provisions,

including through, strengthening the coordination with AFRA, FNRBA and

the Other Regional Networks, and consolidating their linkages and

relationship with the African Union Departments and Programmes,

- To Better Serve the Development of the Continent,

AFCONE will support, through its Programmes and Activities,

from Africa and With the Full Support of the African Union

Commission, the following Groups, Organisations and Institutions:

• The African Young Generation in Nuclear (YGN Africa)

• The Women in Nuclear (WIN Africa) Organisation,

• The African Institutions delivering E&T in nuclear science and

technology & in non-proliferation and disarmament affairs,

• The Diaspora Experts specialised in Nuclear Sciences and Technology.


Current Activities • Strengthening the Coordination Activities with the African Union Departments (Peace and Security,

Human Resources and Science & Technology, Infrastructure and Energy, Social Affairs…): PUNE & NSTGradual Integration during the STCs and Experts Meetings,

• Report Annually to the African Union Peace and Security Council (AU PSC): Implementation of thePelindaba Treaty Provisions,

• Development of the Cooperation with the UN Office of Disarmament Affairs (UN ODA) and the RegionalCentre for Peace and Disarmament UNREC (Togo): Non Proliferation, Disarmament, FMCT,

• Development of the Cooperation with the Other Nuclear Weapon Free Zones (NWFZs): Consolidation ofthe Network, Preparation for the NPT Review Conference, Planning of Joint Activities for the creation ofNew NWFZs,

• Development of the Cooperation with the African Union Strategic Partners (EU, USA, India, Russia...):Gradual Integration of the PUNE in the Agendas & Signature of Cooperative Agreements and MoUs forthe Development of PUNE and R & D in Africa + Benchmark of Regional Resource Centres/Labs …

• Development of the Cooperation with the IAEA: Signature of a Practical Arrangement to mainly developcapacity building, promote safe and secure nuclear applications and exchange information: Discussionsof Plans of Action with the IAEA Departments

• Discussions with CTBTO for the Consolidation of the Programmes of Activities in Africa: Support for theEntry into Force of the CTB Treaty

• Development of Close Coordination Activities with YGN Africa and WIN Africa


Challenges to Further Consider

• Strong and Effective Commitment & Contribution of Allthe State Parties to the Treaty,

• Ratification of the Treaty by ALL the African Countries:• All the African Countries will be Parties to the Pelindaba Treaty at Medium Term:

The following thirteen (13) States have signed but are yet to ratify the Treaty: Central African Republic, CapeVerde, Djibouti, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, Liberia, Morocco, Sierra Leone, Somalia, SaoTome & Principe, Sudan and Uganda. (South Sudan is yet to accede to the Treaty).

Out of the 46 African States that have ratified the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), 10 have notyet ratified the Pelindaba Treaty. Since these countries are bound by requirements under both the NPT and theCTBT, there should be no impediment for them to ratify the Pelindaba Treaty without delay

• Ratification of the Treaty Protocols by All the NWSwithout Reservations


• AFCONE Missions: Safe and Secure Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy in Africa.

• Close Coordination, under the AU Auspices, of All the RegionalOrganisations and Networks, in Order to Promote Coherent, Focusedand Responsible Peaceful Nuclear Applications Programme in Africa.

Expectations:

➔Efficient Implementation of the AFCONE Agenda, in Particular in the Fields ofSafety, Security and Safeguards,

➔Development of the 2021-2025 Strategic Plan, with the Long Term Vision vs AUAgenda 2063 Aspirations & Ambition, Integrating the Safe & Secure PeacefulNuclear Applications Programme,

➔Further Development of the International Partnership and CooperationProgrammes, in Particular, the Providers of Nuclear Science and Technology,including Knowledge in Nuclear Safety, Security and Safeguards, for aSustainable Continental Programme (HRD, Maintenance Skills, TechnologyTransfer, Expertise…).


CONCLUSION

5th Conference of State Parties +

Scientific Forum & Nuclear Science and Technology Exhibition

Pretoria, South-Africa, S1/ 2020


Invitation

https://www.afcone.org/

https://www.afcone.org/

AFCONE:

Recent Implementation Activities


Consultations with the African Union Office of the Chairperson and Departements (June & October 2019)


✓ Discussions with HE the Vice Chairperson of the AUC✓ Discussions with HE the Commissioner Peace and

Security ✓ Discussions with HE the Commissioner Human

Resources, Science and Technology✓ Discussions with the Director Department of Social

Affairs.

African Union Technical Meeting on Policy Coherence AUC & Specialised Agencies


✓ Specialised Agencies (SA) and Treaty Bodies Terms of References, ✓ Official Mandate vs Specific Role in the Region, ✓ Plan of Action integrating the Specific Missions of Each SA and the Way Forward for

a Coordinated Implementation of the AU Agenda 2063Harare (Zimbabwe) 27-28 May 2019

Collaboration with the African Union Department : Human Resources & Science and Technology

AUC HRST Department - AFCONE - TCAF IAEA

Kigali (Rwanda), from 20 to 22 February 2019 ➔ Plan of Action


Collaboration with the African Union Department Infrastructure & Energy


AUC I & E Department STC TTIET Cairo (Egypt) from 14 to 18 April 2019 ➔ Expert Report ➔ Preparation for the Energy Sub Committee Meeting (S1/ 2020)

African Union Peace and Security Council (PSD)

• Annual Briefing of the African Union Peace and Security Council (PSD)

on the Implementation of the Pelindaba Treaty (April 2018 & April 2019)


Peace and Security Council (PSC)

The Peace and Security Council (PSC) is the standing organ of the AU for the prevention,

management and resolution of conflicts. It is a key element of the African Peace and Security

Architecture (APSA), which is the umbrella term for the main AU mechanisms for

promoting peace, security and stability in Africa

The PSC was established to be a collective security and ‘early warning’ arrangement with

the ability to facilitate timely and efficient responses to conflict and crisis situations. The

PSC’s core functions are to conduct early warning and preventive diplomacy, facilitate

peace-making, establish peace-support operations and, in certain circumstances, recommend

intervention in Member States to promote peace, security and stability. The PSC also works

in support of peace-building and post-conflict reconstruction as well as humanitarian action

and disaster management.

✓ Progress made in the implementation of the Treaty ✓ Main nuclear applications programs under implementation in Africa, ✓ AFCONE Vision, Strategy and Programme of Work ✓ Recommendations in preparation for the PREPCOM (2020 NPT Review Conference)


763rd Meeting of the African Union Peace and Security Council AUC/ Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) 10 April 2018

837th AU PSD Meeting Addis Ababa (4 April 2019)


837th AU PSD Meeting Addis Ababa (4 April 2019)


The African Nuclear Weapon Free Zone

✓The Largest NWFZ (52 Signatories)✓Important to collaborate with other NWFZs✓Important in collaboration against WMDs✓Mandate to assist in the setting up Middle East NWFZ✓Mandate to drive peaceful uses of atomic energy


UNODA & UNREC- AFCONE: New Cooperation Development

• UNODA (UN Office of Disarmament Affairs):

❑Discussions in Geneva on Disarmament Affairs,

❑Compilation and Review of the UN 1540 Reports in Complement to theState Parties Annual National Reports

❑Consideration, in Close Cooperation with the Peace and SecurityDepartment (AUC) of Co-Organising Regional Events, dealing with theNuclear Issues

❑ Participation from 28 to 29 August 2019 to the Nur Sultan Seminar “Fosteringcooperation and enhancing consultation mechanisms among theexisting nuclear-weapon-free zones

❑Participation from 29-30 August 2019 to the Regional Meeting forAfrican States Parties to the NPT, on 2020 NPT Review Conference(Addis Ababa)

• UNREC (United Nations Regional Centre for Peace and Disarmament in Africa):

❑ Strong Commitment to Cooperate with AFCONE: Statement to theAFCONE EOS Meeting (February 2019);

❑ Participation to the UNREC Workshop organised in May 2019 (Pretoria) onBanning the Production of Fissile Material for Nuclear Weapons or OtherNuclear Explosive Devices for States from East and South Africa;

❑Participation to the Regional Workshop UNODA UNREC UNRCPDExpert Meeting on the “Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty (FMCT)”(Bangkok, 17-18 Dec 2019)


UNREC/ UNODA Workshop on Banning the Production of Fissile Material for Nuclear Weapons or Other Nuclear Explosive Devices or States from

East and South Africa (Pretoria 22-23 May 2019)


Development and Strengthening of the Cooperation with the United Nations Office of Disarmament Affairs (UN ODA)


✓ Contribution to the Regional Meeting for African States Parties to the NPT, on 2020 NPT Review Conference (29-30 August 2019/ Addis Ababa)

✓ Discussions with the UN ODA Director at the UN ODA Nur Sultan Seminar on NWFZs ✓ Contribution to the Thematic Seminar on Pillar III: The Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

(Vienna/ 21 November 2019) ✓ Contribution to the Regional Workshop “ Expanding Access to Peaceful Uses Under the

NPT Framework”, to be held in Abuja (Nigeria) from 10 to 11 December 2019

Strengthening of the Nuclear Weapon Free Zones (NWFZs) Cooperation and Coordination : Central Asian NWFZ

Start in 2019 the Interaction with Kazakhstan (Central Asian Nuclear Weapon Free Zone) :

✓ Pretoria (April, July and October 2019)

✓ Preparation to Close Collaboration during the PREPCOM 2019 and NPT Rev Conf 2020

✓AFCONE Participation to the Nur Sultan Seminar (28 & 29 August 2019)


DIRCO/RSA

Nur Sultan NWFZs-UN ODA Seminar (28-29 August 2019)


FOSTERING COOPERATION AND ENHANCING CONSULTATION MECHANISMS AMONG THE EXISTING NUCLEAR-WEAPON-FREE ZONES

Development of Cooperation with OPANAL (Latin America NWFZ/ Tlatelolco Treaty)


✓ Meeting in Vienna, September 2018 (62nd IAEA GC)

✓ Discussions in Algiers, February 2019✓ Discussions in Nur Sultan, August 2019

(UNODA Seminar on NWFZs) ✓ Discussions in Vienna, September 2019

(63rd IAEA GC)

Strengthening of the Nuclear Weapon Free Zones (NWFZs) Cooperation and Coordination : OPANAL

Reactivation in 2018 of the Interaction with OPANAL (Latin America Nuclear Weapon Free Zone):

✓ AFCONE EOS Algiers (February 2019)

✓ Preparation to Close Collaboration during the Nur Sultan Seminar (2019 Kazakhstan


AFCONE EOS Algiers 12 February 2019: Meeting with PartnersOPANAL

Representative

Development and Strengthening of the Cooperation and Coordination with the IAEA, AFRA, FNRBA


Opening of the 2nd CSP/ 2012 Addis Ababa Opening of the 4th CSP/ 2018 Addis Ababa

1st AFCONE IAEA Workshop on Safeguards/ June 2019 Pretoria

Development & Strengthening of the Cooperation and Coordination with the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO)


CTBTO- AFCONE Meeting in Vienna (2018)

Strengthening of the Cooperation and Coordination with the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO)


Dr Zerbo/ CTBTO Executive Secretary Opening of the 4th Conference of State Parties (Addis Ababa March 2018)

CTBTO Director at the AFCONE EOS Algiers 12 February 2019: Meeting with Partners

Development of the Cooperation with the European Union Commission

✓ EU Representatives Participation to all the Pelindaba Treaty Conferences of State Parties

(2010- 2012- 2014- 2018)

✓ Discussions with EURATOM and Discussions on Cooperation Opportunities (2012)

✓ Reactivation of the Cooperation Programme

✓ IAEA GC September 2018

✓ ESARDA Workshop Algiers October 2018

✓ IAEA Safeguard Symposium Vienna October 2019

✓ AFCONE EOS Algiers 12-13 February 2019

Signature of an AFCONE – ESARDA MoU in May 201941st ESARDA Annual Meeting & Symposium on Safeguards and Nuclear Non-Proliferation that marks the 50thanniversary of ESARDA, to be held at the Regina Palace Hotel in Stresa, Italy, from 14-16 May 2019.

+ Organisation in 2019-2020 of Regional Workshops in NP & SG


Signature of a MoU with ESARDA (16 May 2019)


By W. Janssens

ESARDA & ISTC Communication AFCONE- IAEA 1st Regional Workshop on Safeguards


28 June 2019. Pretoria. South Africa. Dr W JANSSENS, ESARDA (EU) Chair & Member of the ISTC-EU Delegation

Sharing Taught with the AFCONE IAEA Workshop Participants on Developing Cooperation in the Fields of R & D in Safeguards and Nuclear Security

28 June 2019. Pretoria. South Africa. AFCONE – IAEA Workshop. European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) activities in Nuclear Safeguards and Security by Mr W.JANSSENS.


Further Development with EU

• Development and/ Or Strengthening of the Activities and Cooperation with the CBRNAfrican Network:


Further Development with EU


Develop with EURATOM a Strong Partnership considering: - The Similarities in the

Provisions of the 2 Treaties

- The Current Strong Political Strategic Partnership between the AU and EU

Formalisation of the Cooperation with the IAEA: 63rd GC. 16-20 Sept 2019


✓ Signature of A Practical Arrangements and Discussion with the IAEA DG ✓ Discussions on the Way Forward with Several IAEA DDGs and Directors✓ AU Statement at the IAEA 63rd GC

Developpement of the Cooperation with the International Science and Technology Center (ISTC)


Visit of the ISTC & EU Delegation to AFCONE (27 June 2019)

http://www.istc.int/


http://www.istc.int/

ISTC Joint Meeting of SADC Nuclear Regulators Network and the Steering Committee of Project MC 5.01/15B

Arusha (UR Tanzania): 29 April - 1 May 2019


The Prime Minister of Tanzania Hon. Kassim Majaliwa officially inaugurated the Second Joint Meeting of SADC’s Nuclear Regulators Network and the fifth Steering Committee of the Project “Support to Southern African States in Nuclear Safety and Safeguards”

(Project MC 5.01/15 B).

Development of Cooperation with the International Science and Technology Center (ISTC. Nur Sultan. Kazakhstan)


✓ Contribution to the Arusha Meeting (February 2019)

✓ Visit of the ISTC Delegation to AFCONE Secretariat (June 2019)

✓ Signature of a MoU with ISTC (August 2019) ✓ Contribution to the Gaborone Meeting

(planned from 27 to 28 November 2019) ✓ Discussions on a Plan of Action (Underway)

Consultations with INSEP – NNSA (USA)


✓ Consultations during the IAEA Symposium (Vienna/ October 2018), ✓ Discussions during the AFCONE EOS Opportunities of Cooperation and Support,

(Algiers/ February 2019)✓ Contribution to INSEP Workshop (Vienna, 18 – 21 November 2019)

Developing Cooperation with Several African Union Strategic Partners (during the 63rd IAEA GC September 2019)


✓ Meeting with the Russian Delegation✓ Meeting with the Indian Delegation✓ Meeting with the USA Delegation, ✓ Meeting with the European Union Delegation

✓ Discussions with German, UK and Canadian Delegates. ✓ Exchanges with the Japan and Turkey Delegations.

AFCONE Support to the African Young Generation in Nuclear (2nd African Young Nuclear Summit/RSA Oct 19)


✓ AFCONE Participation and Support to the African Young Nuclear Summit (RSA Oct 2019)✓ Discussions with the Head of the World Nuclear University (WNU), ✓ Discussions with Representatives of African Young Generation in Nuclear (AYGN) at the

AFCONE Office

AFCONE Support to Women in Nuclear (WIN Africa)


✓ Meeting with WIN Africa Delegates duringthe AYGN Summit (RSA Oct 2019)

✓ Discussions with WIN South Africa Representatives at the AFCONE Office (Nov 2019)

Thank youMerciشكرا

Obrigado

AFCONE ES NPT Seminar Vienna 20 21 Nov 19

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