DOCUMENT RESUME' ED 026 729 EA 001 965 By-Simon, Kenneth A.; Grant, W. Vance Digest of Educational Statistics, 1968 Edition. National Center for Educational Statistics (DHEW), Washington, D.C. Report No-OE-10024 -68 Pub Date Nov 68 Note-147p. Available from-Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (No. FS 5210:10024-68, $1.75). EDRS Price MF-$0.75 HC Not Available from MRS. Descriptors-Degrees (Titles), Educational Facilities, Educational Research, *Elementary Education, Employment Statistics, Enrollment, Equal Education, Expenditures, Graduates, *Higher Education, Income, Libraries, *National Surveys, School Districts, School Holding Power, *Secondary Education, *Statistical Data, Teachers This digest provides statistical information covering the entire field of American education from kindergarten through the graduate school. It utilizes materials from numerous sources, including statistical surveys and estimates of USOE and other appropriate agencies, both governmental and nongovernmental. Information is presented on a wide variety of subjects, including the number of schools and colleges1 enrollments, teachers, graduates, educational attainment, finances, Federal funds for education, libraries, international education, and research and development. The information is organized into five sections: (I) All levels of education, (2) elementary and secondary education, (3) higher education, (4) Federal programs of education. and (5) miscellaneous statistics related to American education. Improvements and additions over previous volumes in this series include a statement of the development of Federal programs, expanded coverage of library statistics, summary data on the characteristics of graduate students, information on the range of teacher salaries as distinguished from average salaries, and data on doctors degrees conferred by institutions of higher education. (DMC/TD
Transcript
DOCUMENT RESUME'
ED 026 729EA 001 965
By-Simon, Kenneth A.; Grant, W. Vance
Digest of Educational Statistics, 1968 Edition.National Center for Educational Statistics (DHEW), Washington, D.C.
Report No-OE-10024 -68Pub Date Nov 68Note-147p.Available from-Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (No. FS
5210:10024-68, $1.75).EDRS Price MF-$0.75 HC Not Available from MRS.Descriptors-Degrees (Titles), Educational Facilities, Educational Research, *Elementary Education, Employment
*National Surveys, School Districts, School Holding Power, *Secondary Education, *Statistical Data, Teachers
This digest provides statistical information covering the entire field of American
education from kindergarten through the graduate school. It utilizes materials from
numerous sources, including statistical surveys and estimates of USOE and other
appropriate agencies, both governmental and nongovernmental. Information ispresented on a wide variety of subjects, including the number of schools and colleges1
enrollments, teachers, graduates, educational attainment, finances, Federal funds foreducation, libraries, international education, and research and development. The
information is organized into five sections: (I) All levels of education, (2) elementary
and secondary education, (3) higher education, (4) Federal programs of education.
and (5) miscellaneous statistics related to American education. Improvements and
additions over previous volumes in this series include a statement of the development
of Federal programs, expanded coverage of library statistics, summary data on thecharacteristics of graduate students, information on the range of teacher salaries as
distinguished from average salaries, and data on doctors degrees conferred byinstitutions of higher education. (DMC/TD
Digest of
Educationa
Statistics
1968
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. EDUCATION & WELFARE
OFFICE OF EDUCATION
THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE
PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT. POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS
STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION
POSITION OR POLICY.
Digest
of Educational
Statistics
1968 Edition
By KENNETH A. SIMON
Director,Reference, Estimates, and Projections BranchandW. VANCE GRANTSpecialist, Educational Statistics
US. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFAREWILBUR J. COHEN, Secretary
OFFICE OF EDUCATION HAROLD Hawn II, Commissioner
OE-10024-68
-frr;
A publication of the National Center for Educational Statistics
DOROTHY M. GILFORD, Assistant Commissioner
F. C. NASSETTA, Deputy Assistant Commissioner
DAVID S. STOLLER, DirectorDivision of Data Analysis and Dissemination
November 1968
Superintendent of Documents Catalog No. FS 5.210:10024-68
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICEWASHINGTON : 1968
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing OfficeWashington, D.C. 20402 - Price $1.75
;1,4
Foreword
The 1968 edition of the Digest of Educational Sta-tistics is the seventh in a series of annual publica-tions initiated by the Office of Education in 1962.Its primary purpose is to provide an abstract ofstatistical information covering the entire field ofAmerican education from kindergarten throughthe graduate schOol. In order to perform this func-tion, it utilizes materials from numerous sources,including the statistical suiveys and estimates ofthe Office of Education and other appropriateagencies, both governmental and nongovernmen-tal. The publication contains information on avariety of subjects within the broad field of educa-tional statistics, including the number of schoolsand colleges, enrollments, teachers, graduates,educational attainment, finances, Federal fundsfor education, libraries, international education,and research and development.
The Digest is divided into five chapters: (1) Alllevels of education; (2) elementary and secondaryeducation; (3) higher education; (4) Federal pro-grams of education; and (5) miscellaneous statis-tics related to American education. To qualify forinclusion in this publication, material must benationwide in scope and of current interest and
value. Series of data extending as far back as 1870have been employed in many instances to providea certain amount of historical perspective.
In addition to updating the statistics whichappeared in previous years, this edition of theDigest contains a number of innovations. Theseinclude a concise statement of the development ofFederal education programs; expanded coverageof the field of library statistics; summary data onthe characteristics of graduate students; informa-tion from the National Education Association onthe range of teachers' salaries, as distinguished fromaverage salaries; and data from the National Acad-emy of Sciences on doctor's degrees conferred byinstitutions of higher education.
The Digest of Educational Statistics should proveuseful to all persons interested in the nature andscope of education in the United States and inparticular to those individuals who are concernedwith the formulation and conduct of educationalpolicy.
DOROTHY M. GILFOIWsAssistant Commissioner for
Educational Statistics.
In
-
ContentsFonzwoRD
INTRODUCTION
Pap
xm
CHAPTER I. ALL LEVELS OF EDUCATION
CHAPTER II. ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION 23
CHAPTER III. HOMIER EDUCATION 63
CHAPTER IV. FEDERAL FRMRAMS OF EDUCATION 105
CHAPTER V. SELECTED STATISTICS RELATED TO EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES 115
INDEX 131
TABLES
All Lends of Education
Enrollment1. Estimated enrollment in educational institutions, by grade level and by type of control: United States,
fall 1967 and 1968 22. Enrollment in educational institutions, by level of instruction and by type of control: United States,
fall 1965 23. Enrollment in educational institutions, by level of instruction and by type of control: United States,
1899-1900 to fall 1965 34. Percent of the population 5 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by age: United States, October 1947 to
1966 4
Teachers and Other Instructional Staff5. Number of teachers in elementary and secondary schools, and instructional staff members in institutions
of higher education: United States, 1929-30 to 1963-64 46. Estimated number of classroom teachers in elementary and secondary schools, and total instructional
staff for resident degree-credit courses in institutions of higher education: United States, fall 1967and 1968 5
Schools and School Districts7. Number of local basic administrative units (school districts), and number of schools of specified types,
by State: 1965-66 6
Retention Rates and Educational Attainment8. Estimated retention rates, 5th grade through college entrance, in public and nonpublic schools: United
States, 1924-32 to 1959-67 79. Level of school completed by persons 25 years old and over and 25 to 29 years old, by color: United
States, 1910 to 1967 910. Median years of school completed by the employed civilian labor force 18 years old and over, by sex,
occupation group, and color: United States, March 1967 911. Median school years completed by persons 25 years old and over, by State: 1960 10
12. Number of persons 25 years old and over with less than 5 years of school completed, by State and bycolor: 1960 11
13. Percent of population 25 years old and over with at least 4 years of high school and *with at least 4 yearsof college, by State: 1960 12
14. Illiteracy of the population, by State: 1900 to 1960 12
15. Percent of draftees who failed to meet the mental requirements for induction into the armed services,by State: 1966 13
VI
Income
It*
CONTENTS
Page
16. Total annual money income of persons 25 years old and over, by years of school completed, age, and
sex: United States, 1966 14
17. Annual income of men, by years of school completed and age: United States, 1956 to 1966 15
18. Lifetime income of men, by years cf, school completed: United States, 1956 to 1966 15
19. Receipts of educational institutions, by source, type of control, and level of instruction: United States,
1963-64 15
Expenditures20. Estimated expenditures for education, by level of instruction and type of control: United States, 1967-68
and 1968-69 17
21. Estimated expenditures of educational institutions, by source of funds: United States, 1964-65 to 1968-
69 18
22. Expenditures for education, including capital outlay, by level of instruction and by type of control:
United States, 1963-64 19
23. Gross national product related to total expenditures for education: United States, 1929-30 to 1967-68. 21
24. Direct expenditures of State and local governments for all functions and for education, by per capitaamount and percent of per capita income : 1965-66 21
Elementary and Secondary Education
Enrollment25. Enrollment in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools, by level and State: Fall 1967
and fall 1968 24
26. Enrollment by grade in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools:. United States, 1956-57
to 1967-68 25
27. Enrollment, attendance, and length of school term in public elementary and secondary day schools, by
State: 1965-66 26
28. Age ranges for compulsory and permissive school attendance, by State: 1965 27
29. Historical summary of public elementary and secondary school statistics: United States, 1869-70 to
1963-64 28
30. Selected statistics on public elementary and secondary schools in large cities: 1966-68 30
31. Enrollment in grades 9-12 in public and nonpublic schools compared with population 14-17 years of
age: United States, 1889-90 to fall 1967 30
32. Enrollment of 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children in nursery schools and kindergartens, by age and type of
program: United States, October 1967 30
33. FAtimated enrollment in regular nonpublic elementary and secondary day schools, by State: Fall 1968. 31
34. Enrollment in nonpublic elementary and secondary schools, by church relationship and by region:
1965-6632
35. Enrollment in nonpublic elementary and secondary schools, by State: 1965-66 33
36. Enrollment in selected subjects in public high schools related to total enrollment in the grades in which
the subjects are usually offered: United States, 1960-61 34
37. Enrollment in science and mathematics courses in public highschools, by sex: United States, 1964-65. 34
38. Enrollment in science and mathematics courses in public high schools compared with total enramentin grades 9-12 and population aged 14-17: United States, 1948-49 to 1962-63 34
39. Enrollment in foreign languages in public and nonpublic secondary schools: United States, fall 1964. 34
40. Enrollment in special education programs for exceptional children: United States, February 1963 and
196635
41. Enrollment in federally aided vocational education classes, by level and by type of program: United
States and outlying areas, fiscal years 1965 to 1967 35
42. Enrollment in federally aided vocational education classes, by grade, level, ad type of program: United
States and outlying areas, fiscal year 1967 36
43. Enrollment in federally aided vocational classes, by type of program: United States and outlying areas,
1920 to 196737
44. Number and percent of public school pupils transported at public expense, and expenditures for trans-
portation: United States, 192940 to 196546 37
.. . 41,
CONTENTS vit
Teachers and Other Instructional Staff Page
45. Number of full-time and part-time classroom teachers in public elementary and secondary day schools,
by level and State: Fall 1967 and fall 1968 38
46. Estimated number of classroom teachers in regular nonpublic elementary and secondary day schools,
by State: Fall 196839
47. Instructional staff in public elementary and secondary day schools, by type of position and by State:
1965-6640
48. Selected characteristics of public school teachers, by level and by sex: UnitedStates, 1965-66 41
49. Public secondary school teachers, by teaching field and by sex: United States, 1965-66 41
50. Estimated number of classroom teachers in regular nonpublic secondary schools: United States, fall
196841
51. Estimated average annual salary of classroom teachers in public elementary and secondary schools:
United States, 1955-56 to 1967-6842
52. Percentage distribution of estimated annual salaries paid classroom teachers in public elementary and
secondary schools: United States, 1952-53 to 1967-68 42
53. Average annual salary of instructional staff in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools,
by State: 1929-30 to 1967-6843
54. Average annual salary of instructional staff in public elementary and secondary day schools, and average
annual earnings of full-time employees in all industries, in unadjusted dollars and adjusted dollars
(1967-68 purchasing power): United States0929-30 to 1967-68 44
Schools and School Districts55. Number of local basic administrative units (school districts), by State: Fall 1967 44
56. Number of public school systems and number of pupils enrolled, by size of system: United States, 1966-67 . 46
57. Number of local basic administrative units (school districts), and number of public and nonpublic
elementary and secondary schools: United States, 1929-30 to 1965-66 46
58. Number and percent of public secondary schools, by type of school: United States, 1919-20 to 1965-66. 46
Instruction Rooms and Other Facilities59. Selected statistics on schoolhousing in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools, by State:
1966-6847
60. Selected characteristics of instructional rooms in public school plants, by State: 1964-65 48
61. Number of additional rooms needed for instructional use as determined by varying measures of pupil
accommodation and according to local opinion of rooms needed to eliminate overcrowding, by State:
1964-6549
62. Facilities in elementary and secondary school plants, by organizational level and control: United States,
spring 196450
High School Graduates63. Number of public and nonpublic high school graduates, by sex and State: 1966-67 51
64. Number of high school graduates compared with population 17 years of age: United States, 1869-70
to 1966-6752
Income65. Estimated revenue and nonrevenue receipts of public elementary and secondary schools, by source and
State: 1967-6853
66. Revenue receipts of public elethentary and secondary schools from Federal, State, local, and other
sources, by State: 1965-6655
67. Public elementary and secondary school revenue receipts from Federal, State, and local sources: United
States, 1919-20 to 1965-6656
Expenditures68. Estimated expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose and State: 1967-68 . 57
69. Summary of expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose and State : 1965-66 . 58
70. Summary of expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose: United States,
1919-20 to 1965-6659
71. Personal income, 1967, related to estimated expenditures for public elementary and secondary education,
by State: 1967-6860
1.7 t ,t..EZiAs4/, .trt r 47,4 "i-
VIIICONTENTS
v.'
Expenditures ContinuedPap
72. Estimated expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance in public elementary and secondazy day
schools, by State: 1967-6861
73. Total and current expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance in public elementary and secondary
schools: United States, 1929-30 to 1967-6861
74. Expenditure of Federal, State, and local funds for vocational education: United States and outlying
areas, 1920 to 196761
Higher Eduration
Enrollment75. Total enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex, enrollment category, control of institution,
and State: Fall 196764
76. Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex and by control of institution: United States and
outlying areas, fall 1963 to fall 196765
77. Estimated total and first-time degree-credit enrollment in institutions of higher education, by State:
Fall 1966 and fall 196765
78. Total enrollment in institutions of higher education, by control of institution and by State: Fall 1967 . 66
79. Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex, and by type and control of institution: United
States and outlying areas, fall 1965 and fall 196067
80. Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex and by control of institution: United States,
fall 1946 to fall 196868
81. Enrollment in institutions of higher education compared with population aged 18-21: United States,
fall 1946 to fall 196768
82. First-time enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex and by control of institution: United
States, fall 1946 to fall 196868
83. Historical summary of faculty, students, degrees, and finances, institutions of higher education: United
States, 1869-70 to 1963-6469
84. Resident degree-credit enrollment in institutions of higher education related to total population and to
age groups 18-21 and 18-24: United States, 1869-70 to fall 1963 70
85. Residence and migration of college students taking work creditable toward a bachelor's or higher degree:
United States and outlying areas, fall 196371
86. Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex, type of enrollment, and control of institution:
United States and outlying areas, fall 196372
87. Junior-year students majoring in science, mathematics, and foreign languages in institutions of higher
education, by sex, field of study, and control of institution: United States and outlying areas, fall
196272
88. Enrollment for advanced degrees in institutions of higher education, by field of study: United States
and outlying areas, fall 1960 and 196573
89. Selected characteristics of graduate students: United States, spring 1965 74
90. Socioeconomic background of graduate students, by sex: United States, spring 1965 75
91. Stipend status of graduate students: United States, spring 1965 75
92. Engineering enrollment in institutions of higher education, by level: United States and outlying areas,
fall 1949 to fall 196575
93. Number of 2-year institutions of higher education and enrollment, by control of institution and by sex:
United States, fall 1947 to fall 196777
94. Number of graduates of organized occupational curriculums at the technician or semiprofessional level,
by length of curriculum, sex, and field of study: United States and outlying areas, 1965-66 77
95. Number of graduates, 1963-64, and enrollment, fall 1964, in organized occupational curriculums in
institutions of higher education, by curriculum: United States and outlying areas 78
96. Faculty, students, and degrees, institutions attended predominantly by Negro students: United States,
1963-6478
Faculty and Other Professional Staff
97. Faculty for resident instruction in degree-credit courses in institutions of higher education: United
States and outlying areas, 1949-50 to 1967-6879
98. Faculty and other professional staff in institutions of higher education, by State: First term 1963-64. . . 79
99. Faculty and other professional staff in institutions of higher education, by type of position: United
States and outlying areas, first term 1959-60 to 1963-6480
100. Faculty and other professional staff in institutions of higher education, by sex, and by control and level
of institution: United States and outlying areas, first term 1959-60 to 1963-64 80
CONTENTS
Faculty and Other Professional Staff-Continued101. Annual salaries of full-time faculty members in institutions of higher education, by academic rank,
3X
Pep
portion of year 'employed, and control of institution: United States and outlying areas, 1964-65 . . .
102. Median salaries of instructional staff in institutions of higher education, by type of institution, size ofenrollment, and academic rank: United States, 1966-66 and 1967-68
103. Median annual Wade of instructional stair and administrative officers in institutions of higher educa-tion: United States, 1957-58 to 1967-68
81
81
82
Institutions104. Number of institutions of higher education, by type, control, and State: Fall 1967 83105. Number of institutions of higher education, by control of institution and by State: Fall 1967 84106. Number of institutions of higher education, by type, control, and size of enrollment: United States,
fall 1967 85
Degrees107. Earned degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by level and by State: 1965-66 and 1966-67. 86108. Earned degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by field of study, level, and sex: United
States and outlying areas, 1965-66 87
109. The 50 institutions of higher education conferring the largest number of doctor's degrees: United States,1959-60 to 1965-66 89
110. Earned degrees conferred by institutions of higher education: United States, 1869-70 to 1966-67 89111. Engineering degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by level: United States and outlying
areas, 1948-49 to 1965-66 89
Income112. Current-fund income of institutions of higher education, by source and control: United States and
outlying areas, 1963-64 9011$. Educational and general income of institutions of higher education from State and local governments
related to total educational and general income, by control of institution and by State: 1963-64. . . . 91
114. Current-fund income of institutions of higher education, by source and by State: 1963-64 92
115. Income of institutions of higher education: United States and outlying areas, 1909-10 to 1963-64 95
116. Estimated tuition and fees and room and board rates in institutions of higher education, by type andcontrol of institution: United States, 1958-59 to 1968-69 95
117. Median tuition and required fees for full-time undergraduate students in institutions of higher education,by region, and by type and control of institution: United States and outlying areas, 1963-64 96
118. Median charges for dormitory rooms and median board rates in institutions of higher education, by typeand control of institution: United States and outlying areas, 1963-64 96
Expenditures119. Current-fund expenditures of institutions of higher education, by purpose and control: United States
and outlying areas, 1963-64 96
120. Current-fund expenditures of institutions of higher education, by purpose and by State: 1963-64 97121. Expenditures of institutions of higher education: United States and outlying areas, 1929-30 to 1963-64. 100
122. Personal income, 1963, related to educational and general expenditures for higher education and toeducational and general funds received from State and local governments, by State: 1963-64 101
Property123. Property of institutions of higher education: United States and outlying areas, 1909-10 to 1963-64 102
124. Physical plant value per student, institutions of higher education, by control and level: United Statesand outlying areas, 1962 and 1964 102
125. Endowment funds of institutions of higher education, by control and level: United States and outlyingareas, 1962 and 1964 103
126. Student loan operations of institutions of higher education, by control: United States and outlyingareas, 1963-64 103
Land-Grant Institutions127. Selected data for land-grant institutions on students and finances: United States and outlying areas,
1956-57 and 1966-67 104
128. Financial statistics of land-grant institutions: United States and outlying areas, 1953-54 and 1963-64. 104
it
X COMM=
Federal Forams of EducationPar
129. Federal fimds for education and related activities: Fatimated obligations for fiecal years 1962 to 1969 107
130. Federal grants and loans for education and related activities, by Federal agency providing assistance
and by State: Fiscal year 1967 109
131. Federal funds for education and related activities, by agency: Fiscal years 1967 to 1969 110
132. Summary of Federal fiends for research, development, and R&D plant: Fiscal years 1966, 1967, and
1968111
133. Federal obligations for programs administered by the Office of Education: Fiscal years 1967 and 1968. 112
134. Federal grants and loans administered by the Office of Education, by program and by State: Fiscal
year 1967113
135. Fellowship, traineeship, and training grant programs of Federal agencies: Obligations and number of
participants, fiscal year 1967 114
Selected Statistics Related to Education in the United States
Employment Status and Job Opportunities136. Cor ,ge enrollment and labor force status of 1966 high school graduates 16 to 24 years of age in the
civilian noninstitutional population, by color, sex, and marital status: United State', October 1966. . 116
137. Employment status of 1966 high school graduates not enrolled in college and of school dropouts of 1966,
by sex, color, and marital status of women: United States, October 1966 116
138. Major occupation group of employed high school graduates not enrolled in college by year of high
school graduation and of school dropouts by year last attended school, by sex: United States, Oct*
ber 1966117
139. Average monthly salary offas to male candidates for the bachelor's degree, by field of study: United
States, 1959-60 to 1967-68117
140. Average monthly salary offers to male candidates for master's and doctor's degrees, by field of study:
United States, 1965-66 to 1967-68 118
International Education141. United States college students abroad, 1965-66, and college faculty abroad, 1966-67, by geographical
area and country118
142. Enrollment of foreign students in institutions of higher education, by level and State: Fall 1963 119
143. Number of foreign students curdled in American institutions of higher education, by area of origin:
194849 to 1966-67120
144. Students from abroad enrolled in institutions of higher education in the United States: 1961-62 and
1966-67120
145. Estimated total population, and enrollmentby level, in continents of the world: About 1960 121
146. Estimated total population and enrollment by level: Selected countries of the world 121
Libraries147. General statistics of public libraries serving areas of 50,000 or more population: United States and
outlying areas, 1953 to 1965122
148. Number of single-unit and multi-unit libraries, by distributive structure and size of population in area
served: United States and outlying areas, 1962 122
149. General statietics of centralized public school libraries in school systems of 150 pupils or more, by level
of school: United States, 1962-63123
150. Number of nonpublic elementary and secondary schools with and without centralized echool libraries,
by level and enrollment size of school: United States and outlying areas, 1964-65 123
151. General statistics of college and university libraries: United States and outlying areas, 1959-60, 1963-
64, and 1965-66123
152. Selected statistics for the 40 largest academic libraries in the United States: 1964-65 124
153. Number of special libraries serving State governments, by operational classification and primary subject.
matter area of library: United States and outlying areas, 1963-64 124
154. Average price and price index for books, periodicals, and serial services: United States, 1957-59 to
1967125
155. Average price and price index for selected hardcover books, by category: United States, 1957-59 to
1967125
Research and Development
CONTENTS ZI
Per156. Number and median salaries of sciendsts, by field and type of employer: United States, 1966 126157. Estimated expenditures for educational research: United States, 1960 and 1965 127158. gources of funds used for research and development: United States, 1953 to 1968 127159. Funds used in the performance of basic research, applied research, and development: United States,
1966 127160. Sources of funds used for basic research: United States, 1953 to 1966 128161. Research and development funds related to the gross national product: United States, 1953 to 1968 128
Equal Educational Opportunity162. Estimated percentage of Negro and white students enrolled in schools with differing percentages of
Negro students: United States, fall 1965 128163. Estimated percentage of pupils in attendance at elementary and secondary schools, by age of main
building: United States, fall 1965 128164. Estimated median test scores for 1st- and 12th-grade pupils: United States, fall 1965 129165. Estimated percent of the civilian noninstitutional population enrolled in school, by color, sex, and age,
for persons 5 to 34 years old: United States, October 1966 129166. Enrollment of students taking work creditable toward a bachelor's or higher degree, by control of in-
stitution, race, and region: United States, fall 1965 130167. Estimated student-faculty ratios in institutions of higher education, by percent of Negro enrollment:
United States, fall 1963 130
Figures
1. The distribution of enrollment in educational institutions: United States, 1967-68 . zit2. Estimated retention rates, fifth grade through college graduation: United States, 1959 to 1971 83. Lifetime income of men, by years of school completed: United States, 1966 164. Total expenditures for education as a percentage of gross national product: United States, 1929-30 to
1967-68 205. Number of public school systems: United States, 1945-46 to 1967-68 456. Revenue receipts for public elementary and secondary schools, by source: United States, 1965-66 547. Percentage distribution of students enrolled for master's and higher degrees: United States and outlying
areas, fall 1965 768. Doctor's degrees conferred by institutions of higher education: United States, selected years, 1957-58
to 1965-66 se
,,4
%
Years-Higher Education Age
6 or more Doctoral, including postdoctoral and research 23+5 1 I Master's The firshmisesiseal *gas 22
Med bil, ildielle, Theft& Loh se.)4 I Bachelor's degrees Is csififfed %Halm 4 or men yews of allege 213 I 202 I I Associate degrees or certificates 19
1 JJ.C. Tech. Inst. Liberal Arts-General Prof. Sch. 18
Grades-Elementaryand Secondary
12 17
11 16
10 15
9 14
Senior High Schools
4yearHigh Schools T II%
CombinedJunior High Schools Junior-Senior
4,High Schools
4,8 137 12
654321
,-,Graded elementary
it
Io
I Nursery SchoolsI Kindergartens
1110
9876
53-4
I I I I I1 2 3 4 5
(Millions ot students)
Figure 1.The distribution ot enrollment In educational institutions: United States, 1947-68
1 L.-
-,4 ,
,
,
Introduction
Figure 1 presents a general picture of the enroll-ment distribution in educational institutions in theUnited States. Three levels of education abovekindergarten are indicated : elementary, secondary(high schools), and higher (colleges, universities,and professional schools). The approximate age ofpersons in each level is given at the right side.
Three structural patterns below the college levelare in common use. The differences in the threepatterns are due to the ways the seventh, eighth, andninth grades are organized. The pattern shown atthe left is commonly called the 8-4 plan, meaningthat after vArsery school and kindergarten thepupils spend 8 years in the elementary school and 4in the high school. The pattern in the center isgenerally called the 6-3-3 plan, meaning that afterkindergarten the pupils spend 6 years in the ele-mentary school, 3 in the junior high school, and 3in the senior high school. The pattern at the right,called the 6-6 plan, means that pupils spend 6years in the elementary school and 6 in the highschool. All three plans lead to high school gradua-tion at the age of 17 or 18 years.
High schools generally can be classified as com-prehensive or specialized. The comprehensive highschool provides two or more academic, vocational,technical, or general programs of education in thesame school. The specialized high school concen-
trates on one type of program. Large city schoolsystems tend to specialize the high schools, provid-ing separate schools for vocational and technicalprograms. Vocational and technical high schools,however, sometimes offer the general subjectsusually required for college entrance, so that astudent who selects these courses can enter a collegeor university.
Graduates of the high school may enter a juniorcollege, a technical institute, a 4-year college oruniversity, or a professional school. The juniorcollege normally offers the first 2 years of a standard4-year college program and a broad selection ofterminal-vocational courses. Academic coursesoffered by the junior colleges are transferable forcredit to 4-year colleges and universities. Thetechnical institute offers postsecondary technicaltraining not leading to professional degrees.
Professional schools, as indicated at the upperright of the figure, begin at different levels andhave programs of different lengths. For example,medical students must complete at least 3 years ofpremedical studies at a college or university beforethey can enter the 4-year course of the medicalschool; engineering students, on the other hand,can enter an engineering school immediately uponthe completion of the secondary school.
-,..11,11.^-
Chapter IAll Levels of Education
This chapter provides a broad overview of educa-tion in the United States from the kindergartenthrough the graduate school. It brings togethermaterials from elementary, secondary, and highereducation to present a composite picture of theAmerican educational system. It contains tableswhich show the total number of persons enrolledin school, the number of teachers, the numberof schools, and total receipts and expenditures foreducation at all levels. Statistics on educationalattainment, on school retention and illiterauy . Aes,and on annual and lifetime income by years ofschool completed are also included.
The following highlights are illustrative or thekinds of information to be obtained from thischapter:
A total of 56.4 million persons were enrolledin school in this country in the fall of 1967, andthey received instruction from 2.6 million teachers.
Approximately 73 percent of the young adults25 to 29 years of age in 1967 were high schoolgraduates, and 15 percent had completed 4 ormore years of college. The typical young adulthad spent about 12% years in school.
The illiteracy rate among persons 14 years ofage and over in 1960 was 2.4 percent.
More than 12 percent of the draftees in 1966failed to meet the mental requirements for induc-don into the armed services.
Among men 25 years of age and over in 1966,the median income for college graduates exceeded$9,800; for high school graduates, $6,900; andfor elementary school graduates, $000. Duringhis lifetime the average college graduate canexpect an income of approximately $540,000.This is $200,000 more than the average high schoolgraduate and nearly $300,000 more than theanticipated income of a person who drops out ofschool after completing the eighth grade.
Expenditures for all levels of education, bothpublic and nonpublic, during the school year1967-68 totaled about $54.6 billion. This amountedto 6.9 percent of the gross national product in 1967.
Many of the statistics in this chapter are derivedfrom the annual and biennial surveys of theOffice of Education. When necessary, actual datahave been supplemented by estimates preparedespecially for this volume in order to make thetables as useful as possible. In addition, substantialcontributions have been made by statistics receivedfrom other agencies, both governmental and non-governmental, as indicated in the source followingthe appropriate tables. In particular, the dataobtained from the Bureau of the Census surveysof educational attainment, governmental finances,and school enrollment by age are worthy ofspecial mention.
1
2 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 1.-Estimated enrollment In educational Institu-tions, by grade level and by type of control: UnitedStates, fall 11167 and INS
lin thousands)
Grad" Wel and Wile of control Fa111017 Fall IKO
1 2 $
TeMakmmtry, mums or mpg swum 5 11,4111 61,114
PublicNonpublic.
41,4000,000
41,5004,100
lUndergaten-grade 12 (regular and other schools)k KIN %WO
PublicNonpublic.
44.1006,000
44,1006,000
lUnderprterograde (regular end other schools)' 31,400 31,700
Public,Nonpublic.
31,8004,600
3281004,600
Grades 042 (ender and other @chole)' 13,700 14,20
12,300 12,800
flonpialic 1,400 1,400
6,300
====4,700
Nighe education (iota degree-credit enrollment InuniveralUss, pmkulonal schools Juniorcollege, and e .irs college)
Public 4,300 4,600Nonpublic. 2,000 2,100
ThelN7flerestornonpubik and otherelementery and secondary mime% sodall 11168 Rome, are estimates. Oats tor nonpublic elementary and secondarysends are not as nearly complete as those tor public schools; coneseentry, theastute for nonpublic schools are not as Miele as thou for public schools or torInstitutions tiller education. The estimates tor 1168 are MIMS from theMMUS ON Sem popuktion changes combined with the keen trend inschool enmi t rates of the Wialion.
"The figurate *numbly and medullae* bided' an estimated 300,000dilidren enrolkd In other week, such as Faded schools for Wearyoperated elementary and secondary schools on pods, subcollaiste departments ofcolleges, and residentiol schools for exceptional chiaren. In 1St the estimateddistribution by grade and level was as Mews: 170,000 In ;ohne K-11; 30,000 Innonpublic 114; 40,000 in public 4-12; and 40,0001n nonpublic4-12.
NON: Fall enrollment is usually smaller than school year enrollment, sincethe latter Is a cumulate figure whkh Includes students who enroll st any timeduring the yea.
SOURCE:Surveys and estimates of the National Center for EducationelStaUstics,Dilice d Education, U.S. Depatment of Heath, Education, and Mare.
Table 2.-Enroilment In educational institutions, bylevel of instruction and by type of control: UnitedStates, fall 2945
Publicly MabryLevel of instruction, bY bile of ached All adieds amxr "az
1 a 3 4
U Imels (skmakry, end"Ws MIRAN NAKAO 0407,118
Elementary and secondary *JAIN 42,414,204 4,344,772
Kindergarten-grade 8. 35,756,153 W,758,31111 5,002,757Oradell-12 and postgraduate 13,020,123 11,657,11011 1,343,015
Nigher education 5521,325 3,624,442 1,801,113
Kindergarten 2,413,204 2,274.0 214,340
,efdepartments
2,473,1132 2,241,512 212,340ReslerSuMileglate in-
stitutions of_hWier education 5,524 4,524 8 LOCO
Residential sank ter acePtiondchildren' 7,000 8,03 1,000
Federal eche* fee Iodises 4.. 4,440 4,440 0Federal Meek en Federal install&
dons/ 2,400 2,400 0
Grades 1-1, Whale 33,263157 20,473,440 4,711,417
Nola " 33,074,144 24,315,473 4,763,417
sussassiats d In-sUatione dill Mellon 41,247 33,247 84.000
Residential schools ter exceptioulcliiNens $rhom amo 17,000
Fears schools for Indians' 31,7118 31,7111 0Federal Mods on Federal Walla-
Ness WAD MOW 0
Grades 4-12 and postgraduate 13,020,823 11,657,801 1,363,015
Reeler "in-
12,025,710 11,504,745 1,324,015SuMilegiate rheas d
stibUonsdh Matte 43,175 14,175 8 25,0110
Residential schools for snootiest
Meal schools for Indiana' hi: °51 an k CIchildren'
Endues schools of easing not sillialed with institstions of higher education.According bs the Nationaljele for Nursing, these schools liad all enrollment ofapproximatdy 114,000 in u.~
puIObliW
Includes enrsilmenb in local c school systems and In min bik schools(church delisted and nonsectaden). Modes eskelleglate et tn-Mulles of Meier education, residential sheds le emptied children, andFederal schools.
Estimated .lakes pupils enrolled at any time during the abet yea 1N5-W.
SOURCES: U.S. Depatmed of Health, Edvintishied Welfare, Wice et Edna-tion, "StaUsUcs d Sum School teems, Ino-ee "Fall Maks d PublicSchools"; "Statistics d Nonpublic gmeimundSeasedery Med& 1 _1854r;
"Owing Fall Esroliment in Ilian , 1165"; and enewase data.U3. Depertment to the Intedoroureeu d Indian Atkin, "Stakes OncomingIndigo teem ' fiscal yea INK
ALL LEVELS OF EDUCATION
Table S.-Enrollment In educational Institutions, by level of Instruction and bytype of control: United States, 18994900 to fall 1985
Level of instruction, hy tYPe of school 1890-1000 1101-10 1911-20
1 2 3 4
U Well (Nordiy, NNW/HOW 17,10,141 19,111,141 0,01,711
Elementary and mends,/ 11,861,249 19,344933 23,443,818
Kindergidew-grade I 14261,1411 11,521,535 20,963,722Ciadss 9-12 and postgioduate 131,403 1,115,318 2,500,176
Nieler educations 237,512 355,215 557,880
Kingerlsitel 225,30 344189 510,949,
Public 8 131 657 293,970 481,266Nonpublic' 93,737 52,219 24613Subcollegiste departments of WU-
Miens of Meer edurnon (9 (I) (9Rseidentiel eftels for excoPUonel
Federal schools for Indians (4 Si 81childrsn
Moral schools on Federal install&fiens. (9 (9 (9
Glades 14 Wahl 16,038,452 11,182,346 20,452,773
Public' 14,452,202 11,604,821 11,897,01Nonpublic' 1,147,188 1,509,218 1,455,871Subailleglate depertmonts of Install-
0211$ of higher iducation. (I) (9 (5)Rosidentid schools for exceptional
children_ . 37,062 71,307 0 99,234Federal Moors for Indians. (9 (9 (9Federal schools on Federal Instal*.
WO& (9 (9
Grades 942 and postgraduate 699,403,
1,115,30
Public' 519,251 915,011Nonpublic' 110,717 117,400Subcolleglate &pertinent' of Ins*
talons d Ideal education 65,855 74932Residential e, for exceptional
chlidren 8,500 4,005Wool schools for MaimsFederal schools on Federal Install'.
" 124,153 55,954 u AIN 13 50,400 u 75,000 u 85,00011,644 17,222 19,973 24,522 28,00 31,746
(9 (9 (9 19,013 27,558 u 29,000
4,811,800 7,129,979 4453,009 9,50,810,
12,255,496 13,020,123
4,311,422341,158
6,601,444457,748
5.724,62111672,02
4484,801,035,247
10,882,901 11,518,7451,286,843 1,329,015
0,287 34,070 142 743.200 39,474 *43,875
u 4,318 9,727 u 11,784 13 23,800 31,000 35,0007,543 1,170 IMO 11,615 13,087 13,588
(9 (9 (I) LON 2,203 12 2,600
1,100,737,
1,494,203 2,659,021 '3,215,544 4,234,052 u 5,526,325
532,647 794531 1,354,002 81,131,782 2,633,345 u 3,624,44250,090 07,672 1,304,119 81,313,762 1,00,747 u 1,01,813
I Excludes schools of nursing not affiliated with Institutions of higher education.*Data for first tam of the academic yea
Deludes subcollegiate departments of Institutions of higher education, resi-dential schools for exceptional children, ant Federal schools.
Data for 1911-12.Data from Burseu of the Census.
*Data not available.Date for 1957-58.Dab for fall 1861.Includes esUmate for nonpublic Institutions.
*Dab for 1126-27.u Date for 1945-41
Fitimatri.
311-130 0 - SI 5
0 Data for 1917-11."Includu resident and extension degree-audit students. Date for earlier
pore exclude extension students.
SOURCES: U.S. Department of Hun, Education, and Welter& Nice of Educe-Von, "Blannial Sunni of Education In the Union Stotesi"wtatistics of StateSchool Systems: "vall Statistics of Public Schools;"stetistics of NonpublicElemodary and Secondary Schools, 1165414" comprelionsIve and fall reports onenrollment in Institutions of higher education: and unpublished data. U.S.efiepart.ment of Commerco, Bureau of the Census, "Current Population Rejorts," SeriesP40. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, "sumo Con-corning Indian Education."
4 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 4.-Percent of the population 5 to 34 years old enrolled In school, by age:United States, October 1947 to 1966
Total,Year 5 to 34
years5 years I 6 years*
7 to 9years
10 to 13 14 end 15 16 end 17 18 end 19Years years years years
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau Of the Census, "Current Population Reports," Series P-20, No. 162; end unpublished data.
Table 5.-Number of teachers In elementary and secondary schools, and In-structional staff members 2 In Institutions of higher education: United States,
1929-30 to 1963-64
Type of institution, by level1929-30 1939-40 1949-50 1959-60 1963-64
I Number of teaching positions: includes librarians and guidance and psychologi-cal personnel when not separately reported; excludes supervisors and principals.
2 Includes faculty for resident instruction in degree-credit courses; excludesfaculty engaged In administration, research, extension work, etc.
3 Excludes subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education, resi-dential schools for exceptional children, and Federal schools.
Data for 1927-28.3 Estimated.0 Data for 1929-27.
Distribution by sex estimated.
'Data for 1945-46.9 Data for February 1963.to Beginning in 1959-60, data are for the first term of the academic year.
NOTE-Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education."Biennial Survey of Education in the United States"; "Statistics of State SchoolSystems"; "Faculty and Other Professional Staff In Institutions of Higher Educa-tion"; and unpublished data.
it
,,NZZ4o
ALL LEVELS OF EDUCATION
Table 6.Estimated number of dauroom teachers Inelementary and secondary schools, and total Instruc.Vonal staff for resident degreeacredit courses Ininstitutions of higher education: United States, fall1967 and 196111
(Includes full-time and part-time teachersand MI
Grade level and typo of control Fa111957 Fa111968
1 2 3
TeldelmatIffissusellarhawlffig* UMW)
PublicNonpublic
Elementary and secondary classroom teachers in NWillf and other %hinds 3
PublicNonpublic
alimentary dIUM0111 teachers In regular and otherschools 3
Public.Nonpublic
Secondary clauroom teachers in regular and otherschools 3
PublicNonpublic
Maher education instructional staff for resident degree-credit courses (1st term)IP
PublicNonpublic
2,117,111 1,1111,111
2,154,000443,000
2,225,000452,000
2,116,000 2,173,000
1,171,000245,000
1,926,000247,000
1,207,000 1,227,000
1,052,000155,000
1,070,000157,000=
909,000 916,000
819,00090,000
155,00090,000
481,000 504,000
213,000191,000
299_,000ZW,000
The 1967 figures for nonpublic and other elementary and secondary schools
and for institutions of higher education, and all 1968 figures, are estimates. Datafor nonpublic elementary and secondary schools are not as nearly complete asthose for public schools; consequently, the estimates for nonpublic schools aronot as reliable as those for public schools or for hither educabon. The estimatesfor 1968 are derived from expected enrollment increases combined with thelowterm trend in pupil-teacher ratios.
3 no figures for elementary and secondary schools Include elementary andsecondary classroom teachers In regular publt and nonpublic schools and otherschools, such as Federal schools for Indians, federally operated schools on posts,subcollegiate departments of colleges, and residential schools for exceptionalchildren. In 1967, the number of such teachers Is estimated to be 12,000 In public
and 2,000 In nonpublic elementary schools, and 4,000 In public and 3,000 In non-
public secondary schools.Includes full-time and part-time staff with rank of instructor or above, and
junior instructional staff, such as graduate assistants, for resident instruction Indegree-credit courses.
SOURCE:Surveys and estimates of the National Center for Educational Statistics,
Office of Education, US. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
5
------------
DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 7.-Numbor of local basic administrative units (school districts), endnumber of schools of specified types, by Stab: 1116546
State
1
Public aCbool systems Nonpubile schools 1641Itutiess of Schols 61hIgher Wootton g mobs Rot
4111sted withmann and
Fdits edvordtlisNumber of Elementary schools Secondary Elem. Second-school schools' toy sly' Public
districts Total Onwteacher
2 3 4 5 6 7 9
lad SOW 21,113
Alabama 119Alaska 29ArizonaArkansas.Calliomis
ColoradoConnecticut.DelawareDistdct of ColumblaFlorida.
MarlIdahoWindyIndium
IowaKansasKentuckyLoulsieneMaine
MarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippi
MissouriMentonNebraskaNevadaNew Hampshire
New AwayNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth Dakota
1 Includes universities, liberal arts colleges, teachers collegss and other Inde-pendent profesional schools, and Ilinkir Wages.
a Includes regular 4-nar high schools, bar high schools, senior high schools,and Junior-senior high schools.
Includes 24,446 operating and 2,537 nonoperating districts.Excludes vocational high schoOls not reported as part of the regular school
sydem.a Estimated by the Mike of Education.
Data for the 146344 school par.
1 In those instances when 2 or more school districts have organized Into Jointuresfor purposes of operating schools, the larger operating unit (folatare) is the 4dministraUve unit counted-here.
SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Educa_ttion and Welfare, Office of Ed-ucation, "Statistics of State School 5,11, 196546"; "Statistics of NonpublicElementary and SerAndary _Schools, IMO"; end "Opening Fall Enrollment inHigher Education, 1965." National Logue for Nursing, "State-Appmved Schoolsof Professionel Kura% OK"
ALL LEVELS OF EDUCATION
Table S.Estimated retention rates,1 Sth grade through college entrance,in public and nonpublic schools: Unite(' States, 1924-32 to 195947
7
School year pupils entered 5th gradeRetention per 1,000 pupils who entered 5th grade
5th 6th 7tb 8thgrade grade grade grade
9th 10th 11thgrade grade grade
Hlgh Year of Firstschool high time
12th graduates school collegegrade graduation students
I Rates for the 5th grade through high school graduation are based on enrollmentsin SUCCUths grades in successive years in public elementary and secondary schoolsand are adjusted to include estimates for nonpublic schools. Rates for first-timecollege enrollment are based on data supplied to the Office of Education by insti-tutions of higher education.
3 Retention rates not calculated because of the influx of veterans in institutions
of higher education.3 Preliminary data.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Oflice of Education,"Biennial Survey of Education in the United States," chapters on StatisticalSummary of Education; and unpublished data available in the Office of Education.
8
. .
DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
FOR EVERY 10 PUPILS IN THE 5th GRADE IN 1959-60
* * * * * * * * *9.7 ENTERED THE 9th GRADE IN 1963-64
5.5 ENTERED THE 11th GRADE IN 1965-66
NM* Ititti7.2 GRADUATED FROM HIGH SCHOOL IN 1967
40 ENTERED COLLEGE IN FALL 1967
2.0 ARE LIKELY TO EARN 4YEAR DEGREES IN 1971
ftFigure 2.Estimatod retention rates, fifth grade through
college graduation: United States, lggg to 1971
,
,
:V4-'. ''' ''''.1A '64','. q rO'l4' "4"6" ,..t; !./a.'ItY.4'''''''V 't.''''d';'''''''''''fiV .'444 ''''''', 't '''',IVAYA,It':',44rel,14 ,4141 eA 4-..'..."1.e.00 P '',1'{At'161,4.il' l't .i.t4 ,K2gtig' ,,AS).,,,1 i ,6. ,1#:ik:X/:,,,,,,f1.,g,,,,,,,,,,,,S4,p ,tvili...,....4.1..........,a.- .-...... ma,....._.,..m-
ALL LEVELS
Table 5.-1i:wet of school completed by persons 25years old end over and 23 to 25 years old, by color:United States, 1510 to 1357
11==.
Oate, age, and color
Fecal by Isysl al schoolcorn Mediu:
schoolthan 4pars 401 more pus
Sun 0/ of WO pus of cam.school collets *NOOf MOM
2 3 4 5
WHITE AND NONWHITE
25 yeas old and ever:1110 s 23.11 Its 2.7 &I
9391
22.0 10.4 33 1217.5 IL 1 311 14r s
A 1100 13.5 24.1 4.6 LeAu I MO IL
135 33.4 10 1 I
Wd IIMA ikt 7.7I& 5
Poch 11154 7. I 1 1 11. /
Much 1117 1 1 51.1 10.1 12.0
rile 01:Au MOAu 1150 144
37.II51.7
II 10.4
AO 1110., 2,5 60.7115:.7
12.1
a12.2. 43
ma IIT1.1 611.2I I IL 5 14:5 11.5
WHITE
25 pus old and wenOHAm IMOAu# 1150
IIIL7 43.2 &I 10.1111.7
21 AAI 11, 4 17411 17
RUM 1161 LI 50.$ 15 12.0Much 1267 4.11 52 4 10.5 12.1
2$ lo pas old:12.11 22.0 4.5 15
471 111 3.4 41.2 11.4 10.7
April 1 3.2 55.2 &I 12.2
:Mt LL I3.s 12.512.2 63.7 ILI 12.3
S 7
March 1117 1.0 74. 10.5 12.5
NONWHITE
25 over:foi 1 41.11 7,7 1.3 0.7
31.4 114 2.2 LI211426%
23.5 21.7 3.5 11.2
11.5 27.5 4.7 IAMarch 017 17.4 31.5 5.0 1.4
25 to liyars old:44.5 13 1.2 5.4
ilfil WO 217 12.1 1.11 7. IApr I ISO IL4 23.4 LS 17WI 060 7.2 31.5 5.4 10. II
mum 1114 5. 3 41 0 7. 0 11.11
Much 1157 1.1 50.7 13 12. 1
I Estimate based on retrojection of 1110 Census data oneducation by sp.
NOTE-Prior to 1150, data exciudo Alaska and Hawaii.
SOURCE: up. Department of commerce. Bureau of the Census, "ISO CURLSof Population ' VOA Part 1; ' Current Population Reports," Drip P-20, Nos.131 and IN; ties P-0, No. kand IMO census *map, "Education or theAnwrican Pope lion," by John s. Meer and Chubs Liam.
OF EDUCATION 9
Table IC-Median years of school completed by theemployed civilian labor force III years old and over,by sex, occupation group, and color: United States,March 1157
Su and occuPtion gmup
1
Total White Nonwhite
2 3 4
SOTH 501:11/0I MOM mai. 12.1 12.4 116
Professional sal moutedll suk/f4. 117 ICS 110teremional and tschnical WOMUL..... I& 3 112 II 3Runners, olliclals, and prouldors ..... . 12.7 12.7 11.2
Faunas and farm laborers. III 10 6.2FMK* and fano Manaleri t 1 13 17Fall Nuns Ind foramen 1.4 LS 11.0
wain km s1,021 $un $1Loos 31, 40, A* 11.013 32,073 PM, $2.827 RanMedian income by MP:
25 to 34 years 2,350 1,490 1,3433S to 44 years 2,510 1,759 1,51545 to 54 years 2,758 1,110 1,45755 to 64 years 3214 1,401 1,07065 yore end Over 1,015 826 870
waft3 years 5,07 8,272 7,348 7,1074 years or more 7077 1,643 9,817 10,284
9,342 9,7571 yeers Of Moth g kin 9,917 11,004
Oath not available.
3,5204,07
5,2147,494
8,78311,73911,13512,563
NOTE: These arithmetic means am estimated from umple surveys of house-holds. They ere subject to sampling variability as well as to errors of responseand nonrepoding.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the ConsuL_ "LifetimeIncome end Educational Analament of Males in the United Stets: 1154 to 1161"
15
Table 111.-LIfetlme Income of men, by $41011 of schoolcompleted: United States, 1956 to 1915
Ye current diners)
YOUs of school completed 1956 1958 1161 11144 110
1 2 3 4
Isom from age 18 to death
Elementary:Less lhan 8 years 8131,432 $121,01 $151,181 9170,145 089,1518 years 175,749 178,010 205,237 223,06 245.525
High school:1 to 3111111 201,925 203,901 235,865 255,701 213,718
eak.4 mrs 240,158 242,480 273,614 311,462 340,520
wurtri 3 years 218,227 217,305 335,100 355,249 03,104 years or 1110th 372.444 401,819 454,732 471,816 541,9114 biers r 363,116 432,617 459,482 507,8185 yaws or more ) 440,404 475,1111 500,641 518,905
Income from age 25 to 64
Bemeatuy:Less than 8 years 9107,132 9105,701 $125,014 9138,777 $154,3328 years 148,059 144,054 162,957 181,702 203,248
High school:1 to 3 years 166,212 195,554 113,265 211,342 240,1844 yews 199,463 201,750 220,624 252,447 282,456
College:1 to 3 yearn 232,317 244, 110 273,309 2117.543 333,1414 yens or more 310,597 331,90 360,951 312,006 450,1684 years (I) 303,570 350,6111 372,767 429,7095 years or more (1) 377,635 375,9011 413,027 475,932
Oats not aveUable.
NOTE: Thus arithmetic means am estimated from umple surveys of households.They are subject to sampling variability as well as to errors of response end now.reporting.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Conejo', "Lifetime Incomeend Educational Attainment of Melee In the United States: 1151 th 1911"
Table 19.-Recelpts of educational Institutions, by sourczaxe of control, andlevel of Instruction: United States, 19
[In thousands of dollars)
Receipts, by sourcoand type of All levelscontrol of institution
1 2
Tehl 54529,414
Publicly controlled 30,052,611
Government 427,318,709Federal 2,291,375State 10,761,301Local (including
county) 14,293,415Student fees 700,370Private gifts and grants 236,161All other sources 1,726,671
Privately controlled 8,467,139
Government a 1,351,787Federal 1,276,134State 58,160Local (including
county) 10,250Student fees
All other sOlUCesPrivate gilts and grants I. 7,109,052
Elementary and secondary education I Higher education 2
Total Revenue
3 4
Non-revenue
5
Educational Plant Nona- Auxiliary StudentTotal and general expansion a pendable enter- aid 3
Includes income for "other" schools, such as Federal schools for Indians andFederal schools on Federal installations. Subcollegiate departments of institutionsof higher education are included under higher education.
2 Includes subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education. Excludesschools of nursing not affiliated with colleges and universkies.
3 Excludes transfers from current and ether funds.4 Includes receipts not reported by governmental level.$ Data not syllable.
Tuition and transportation fess from patrons.
7 Estimated on the basis of expenditure per teacher in public elementary andsecondary schools.
Included in col. 4.
NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.
SOURCES: U.S. Department of Ranh, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, "Statistics of State School System%1963-64"; and "Higher Education Finan-ces:Selected Trend and Summary Data ; U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureauof Indian Affairs; and unpublished data available In the Office of Education.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Lifetime Income and Educa-tional Attainment of Males in the United States: 1956 to 1966.
EDUCATION AND INCOME
A person's Income Is closely related to his educationalattainment, the Bureau of the Census reports in its latestestimates of the lifetime income of men by years ofschool completed. The data indicate that from age 18onward an average elementary school graduate can ex-pect an income of approximately $247,000; a high schoolgraduate, $341,000; a college graduate, $508,000; and aperson with 1 or more years of graduate study, $587,000(see the accompanying chart). Thus an average collegegraduate can look forward to half again as much incomeas a high school graduate who falls to enter college. Theholder of a bachelor's degree can expect MOM thantwice as much remuneration as a man who leaves schoolafter completing the eighth grade. And a person who hascompleted 5 or more years of college can anticipate anincome of more than three times that of an elementaryschool dropout. Not all of these variations should be at-
tributed directly to differences In educational attainment,of course, but it would appear that the number of yearsspent in school does have an important effect uponfuture earning power.
Recent trends In annual Income also demonstrate thefinancial advantages of a good education. While the in-come of all segments of the population has grown in thepast few years, the greatest increases have occurred atthe higher educational levels. Between 1961 and 1966,for example, the income of an average male elementaryschool graduate 25 years of age or over rose from about84,200 to $4,900; a high school graduate, from $5,900to $7,500; and a college graduate, from $9,300 to$11,100.
Trend figures are In current dollars; that is, they do notreflect changes in the purchasing power of the dollar.
W. VANCE GRANT, specialist in educational statistics.
Figure S.Lifetime income of men, by years of school completed: United States, 1966
"," .4."`I.," .r 1,41,..64-Lpge tYk., NI S4 .4:410
ALL LEVELS OF EDUCATION
Tabl 20.-Estimated xpenditures for education, by level of Instruction andtype of control: United States, 1967-65 and 1961149
Educational and general 7.4 8.2Auxiliary enterprises and student aid 1.8 2.0
Nonpublic 7.6 6.7 .9 8.2 7.4 .8Educational and general 5.3 LIAuxiliary antirprises and student aid 1.4 1.6
1 These estimates am based on data shown In the Office of Education publica-tions, "Statistics of State School Systemss" "Statistics of Higher Education," and"Bond Sales for Public School Purposes." Expenditures of public elementary andsecondny schools for 1968-69 and all Institutions of hither education for 196748and 1961-69 are derived from the increases expected- from enrollment changescombined with the trend In currant expenditures per pupil. Expenditures of publicelementary and secondary schools for 1967-68 are based on estimates providedby State departments of education and the 1968-69 figures are projections of a10-year trend. Capital outlay for all Institutions of hither education is derived fromthe 1958 to 1964 additions to plant value per student combhied with expectedenrollment changes and adjusted by application of a moving oversee. All estimatesof expenditures for nonpublic and other elementary and secondinf schools arebased on the assumption that expenditures per teacher (including donated sera-Ices) are the same as for the public schools. Some previous estimates of the costof education In nonpublic schools were based on the assumption that per pupilcosts in nonpublic were the same as for the public schools. Since (he pupil-teacherratio is higher in nonpublic than In public schools, the previous estimates werehither than those shown here.
1 Includes estimates for Interest as follows:
(In billions of dollars)Elementary-secondary
Hithereducation
Public Private Public Private
1967-68 0.9 0.1 0.1 L1968-69 1.0 .1 .1 L
L-Less than 50 million.Includes other elementary and secondary schools such as residential schools
for exceptional children, Federal schools for Indians, federally operated elemen-tary and secondary schools on posts, and subcolleglate departments of colleges.Expenditures for these schools were estimated as follows:
(In billions of dollars(Total Public Private
196748 0.3 0.2 0.11968-69.1 .3 .2 .1
Excludes an estimated expenditure of $56 million by public and $26 million byprivate subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education. Theseamounts ware Included with other elementary and secondary school expenditures.
SOURCE: Estimated by the 01110 of Education.
41,
, 4
18 DIGEST OP EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 21.-Estimated expenditures of educational Institutions, by source offunds: United States, 196445 to 19611491
[Amounts In billions of dollars)
Source of funds, by level and control of Institution
and Welfire, Office of Education publiations: "Statistics of State SchoolOats are based on statistics shown in U.S. of Health_, Education,
Systems,' 1957-51, 195940, 196142, 1 ___, and 196546; (0)"Statistics of Public Schools," : fall 1984, 1965.,1966, and 1967; "FinancialStatistics of Hither Education,' 1957-5$ and 195940* Most of EducationalStetistics,' 1917; "Higher Education Finances: Select.ed Trend and SummaryDater and unpublished data In the U.S. Office of Education.
Definitions
Total expenditures are defined as the expenditure of all money from both loansand grants and exclude only the funds used for reducing debt and transfers offunds. Expenditures from Federal, State, and local sources are defined as institu-tional expenditures of all grants (but not loans) of funds received from thosesources. ixpenditures from all other HMS Include all funds received by theInstitutions that were not received as a grant from Federal, State. and local govern-ments. Loans from any_source are Included in this category. (It vies estimatedthat In 196741 about 6504 million In Federal loans to institutions of higher educa-tion was included in the all other category shown here.)
Since the foregoing definitions are aimed at showing sources of funds throughthe eyes of educational institutions, the Federal figures shown in this table aredifferent from the ones shown in me chapter on Federal funds for education.The 3 main reasons are as follows:
(1) Different Items am included. For example, the tables on Federal funds show
grants and loans to individuals which would show up in institutional accounts as
a receipt from tuition orauxiliary services; or It may be spent for board and Mom
outside the institution and not be a receipt of the institution hum any source.161 The same Items may be handled differently. For example, the tables on
Federal funds show only basic research for Institutions of higher education, while
the institutions Include someapplied research grants from the Federal Government.
(3) The tables on Federal funds generally show obligated funds, while the
institutional figures show expenditures.
Method
The total expenditures shown here were estimated according to the method
shown In footnote 1 of the preceding table. The breakdown by source of funds
was estimated by first adjusting receipts to equate them with expenditures, and
then assuming a continuation of the trend in the amount of receipts from each
NUM,. In the case ofelementary and secondary schools, the trend was modified
by adding $1 billion to the trend Rare: for 1965-N, 196647,196748, and 196849.
Equating receipts to expenditures was accomplished mainly by including loans
and excluding the receipts that were used for reduction of debt.a Less than $50 million.
Less than 0.05 percent.41n addition to regular schools, these figures Include other elementery and
secondary schools, such as residential schools for exceptional children, _Federal
schools for Indians, federally operated elementary and secondary schools on
pm% and subcolleglate departments of colleges. See footnote 3 of preceding
table.
ALL LEVELS OF EDUCATION19
Table 22.-Expandituros for oducation, includingcapital outlay, by level of instruction and by typo ofcontrol: Unitod States, 1963-64
fin thousands of dollars(
Expenditure, by level ofinstruction
Total Publiclycontrolled
Privatelycontrolled
1 2 3 4
All Inds Womb% mid- 831, 010, 210 5211,010,013 $1,011,11711.102010
Current expenditures 9,121,677 5, 033, 277 4, 088,400Educational and general... 7,369,063 4, 123, 225 3, 245, 838Auxiliary enterprites...... 1,452, 244 802, 285 649, 959Student-aid expendi-buss 300,310 107,767 192,603Expenditures from plant
funds / 2,136,108 1, 294, 311 841, 797
* Includes an estimate for "other" elementary and secondary schools such asresidential schools for exceptional children, Federal schools for Indians, federallyoperated elementary and secondary schools on posts, and subcollegiate depart-ments of institutions of higher education.* Excludes expenditures for the "other" schools described in footnote 1.3 Estimated on the basis of expenditure per teacher in public elementary andsecondary schools.
Includes capital outlay of $157,432,000 by State and local schoolhousingauthorities.Distribution between grade-groups (kindergarten-grade 8 and grades 9-12and postgraduate) estimated on the essumption that the cost per pupil in grades9-12 is 50 percent higher than in grades 11-8.Excludes schools of nursing not affiliated with colleges and universities.Excludes $301502,000 expended for plant expansion directly from currentfunds ($190,624,000 by publicly controlled and $110,878,000 by privately controlledinstitutions of higher education).
SOURCES: U.S. Deprtment of Health, Education, snd Welfare, Office of Edu-cation, "Statistics of Shte School System% 1963-64"; "Higher Education Finances:Selected Trend and Summary Data"; US. Department of the Interior, Bureau ofIndian Affairs; and unpublished data available in the Office of Education.
3111-1130 0 - 3
DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
-'2772',1741-
7
6
5
4
3
2
Percent
01930 1936 1942 1948 1954 1960 1968
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare,Office of Edudation, Digest of Educational Statistics, tahle 23.
EDUCATION AS A PERCENTAGE OF GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT
Total expenditures for public and nonpublic schools atall levels of education from kindergarten through gradu-ate school amounted to approximately $54.6 billion dur-ing the 1967-68 school year. Educational expenditureshave risen rapidly In recent years, reflecting the growthof the school-age population as well as the Increasedefforts of the Nation to provide quality education for itsyoung people. The annual expenditure is now six timesits 1949-50 total (not allowing for changes In the pur-chasing power of the dollar), and further increases areprojected for the years just ahead.
The chart measures our efforts to support educationsince 1929-30 by comparing expenditures with the grossnational product (GNP). The GNP, which is calculated bythe Office of Business Economics, U.S. Department ofCommerce, "represents the total national output ofgoods and services at market prices. It measures thisoutput in terms of the expenditures by which the goodsand services are acquired. The expenditures comprisepurchases of goods and services by consumers and gov-ernment, gross private domestic investment, and netexports of goods and services." It thus constitutes a
convenient yardstick by which to measure the level ofeducational expenditures.
The percentage of the gross national product whichwent for education has varied considerably over the pastgeneration. Educational expenditures were relatively highIn the mid-1930's, exceeding four percent of the GNP in1933-34. They declined sharply to 1.8 percent of theGNP 10 years later. The decline may be attributed, atleast in part, to the booming economy and to the cur-tailment of classroom construction in the midst of WorldWar H. Furthermore, many persons in their late teens andearly twenties, who normally would have been enrolledin school, were in military service or engaged in workrelated to the war effort. Except for a brief period dur-ing the Korean conflict when the annual investment ineducation tended to stabilize, there has been a steadyincrease in the proportion of the gross national productspent for education ever since the end of World War II.Expenditures in 1967-68 were at an all-time high bothin terms of actual dollars and as a percentage of thegross national product (6.9 percent).
W. VANCE GRANT, specialist in educational statistics.
Figure 4Total expenditures for education as a percentage of gross national product: United States, 1929-30 to1967-68
sr,W ',17,.!;',4
ALL
Table 211.--Gross national product relatedxpenditures for education: United States/
to 11167411
Grossnational
Calendar you 1rodikt School year THal (in(in millions) thousands)
LEVELS OF EDUCATION 21
to total Tablo 24.-Direct expenditures of State and local sow1,92,40 moments for all functions and for oducation. by per
capita amount and percent of per capita Incomes1911544
Wanda= for education
1 2 3 4
As IPercent of
grossnationalproduct
5
State
Itor011 All leattleno Education= Amaral Famed Moat Fermat1115 per el par per 41 Pal
AlabamaAlaska.MOBILArkansasCOW*CandoCannecticetDIANNOldrict el COIN*Florida
11110414.Indium
IowaKIMKentudiyLouisianaWino
Marylandktosuchosetts.3101dginMines*101111111-
611aralMontanaNebraskaNevada ,Nei HampsMm
New leneyNew blerdcoNow York..North CarolinaNorth Dakota
OhioOklahomaOffalPonnsylvanieRhode Island
South CaryllneSmith MottTimmToms.Utah
Vermont.WWIWashWedWhoonelnWy9111.
1 1223,1142,3111,1433,261
2,1073,4301,3563,6172,431
2,1742,1122,3213,3022,117
2,127?aim2,0152,305
3, 0223,1173,0102,6661,125
2,6672,4382,6113,3022,575
3,2522,2353,2112,0602,300
2,1412,3102,7112,1502,111
1,1552,2042,0312,3502,312
2,3402,4292,9012,03424.402, or0
341.57922.14415.20322.10511 37
512.811427.745711.11517.60379.41
233. 15514 11422.15311.53313.18
433.4740469341.49415.1134400
411. 20429.17447.18472.04321. 09
354.02411.91310.10611.31577.10
374 3051032530113007447446
XL 78421,23501.50MA430.17
M. 71440,0433503342.7141101
464,17347.22411. 04357.50467.271197. 01
17.77241919.1217.5217.811
149911.4717.2414.111IL 56
15. 3211.5717.6011.5513.39
11.8015.0111.13ILO15.01
I 7114.0214.4117.8620.07
13.462011.14.18200314.14
11.5522.8311.1314.6020.72
12. 8811.24IL 1413.11IL 21
14. 4419.97114414. 51121.00
19.1714.29141617.5117.0527.22
Includes expenditures of public end nonpublic schools at all levels of education(elementary. secondary, and higher education).
I Estimate&
NOTE: Beginning with 195140 school year, Includes Alaska and Hawaii.
SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Wolin& (Mks of Educs.lion, "Biennial Survey of E4ucatien In the Unitid States"; "Statistks of State SchoolSjstems"; "Financial Statistics of Institutions of 1111Aer Education"; and unpub.lulled data. U.S. Department of Commerce, 011ics of eustnoss Economics,_"Surveyof Current " August 1115. Joint Economic Committee. Council of EconomicAdvisory, "Economic indicators," July 1968.
114 47 7.11146.50 403207.43 7.151311. 113 I. 8320411 7.63272.28 10.75
Parodies were ampetd by the 011ce el Edmallea.SOUND: U.LOoparbnonteleemmerce,011imal leaMoes Emma% "Sunny
deermat llosteemp,"_Apd11111111;and alarm of theConaus,"Gosemmentel FinnanIn IWO," Woe OF, No. II
Chapter IIElementary and Secondary Education
The United States has gone a long way towardproviding universal elementary and secondaryeducation for its citizens. While regulations differsomewhat from one jurisdiction to another, itmay be said in general that free public educationis available to all and that school attendance iscompulsory between the ages of 7 and 16. Approxi-mately three-fourths of our 5-year-olds are nowenrolled in school; from age 6 to 13 (the usualage for enrollment in the elementary grades),99 percent of the children are attending school;and in the 14 to 17 age group (the usual highschool age), 94, percent are enrolled in educationalinstitutions. About three-fourths of the youngpeople graduate from high school today, and 40percent of the young adults may be expected toenter college.
The largest segment of the school population isfound in public elementary and secondary schools.Pupils in the regular public school system accountfor about 87 percent of the total enrollment inkindergarten through grade 8, and for 89 percentof the total in grades 9 through 12. Enrollmentin nonpublic schools, which grew at a rapid pacein the 1950's, has tended to stabilize in recentyears. Today about one pupil in eight is enrolledin a nonpublic (church-related or nonsectarian)school.
The Office of Education obtains statistics eachfall from the State departments of education onthe pupils, teachers, instruction rooms, and expend-itures of public elementary and secondary dayschools. These data are usually available within3 or 4 months after the opening of the school year.More comprehensive statistics on the organizatiov,staff, pupils, and finances of public schools arecollected biennially from the same sources. The
data from the two surveys are published in FallStatistics of Public Elementary and Secondary DaySchools and Statistics of State School Systems, respec-tively. In recent years the Office of Educationhas expanded its coverage of nonpublic schoolswith the publication of Statistics of NonpublicElementary Schools and Statistics of Nonpublic SecondarySchools. Furthermore, valuable information onthese schools has been made available by theState education agencies, the United StatesCatholic Conference (formerly the National Catho-lic Welfare Conference), and the Bureau of theCensus.
Since much of the instruction in vocationaleducation takes place at the secondary schoollevel, statistics on enrollment in and expendituresfor vocational education are also included in thischapter. More detailed information in this areais contained in annual reports on vocational andtechnical education issued by the Office ofEducation.
Other recurring studies of the Office of Educationwhich have appeared at less frequent intervalsare the surveys of public secondary day schools,offerings and enrollments in high school subjects,and special education for exceptional children.The most recent statistics from each of thesesurveys, supplemented by estimates where appro-priate, are summarized in the tables which follow.
In general, the statistics in this chapter relateto 48 States and the District of Columbia throughthe school year 1957-58. Data for 1958-59 includeAlaska, and those for 1959-60 and subsequentyears include both Alaska and Hawaii. Anydeviation from this rule is clearly indicated in thetabular presentation.
002/23
icy Pe',Z
24 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
TO 25.--Enro tbnent In tunas* public dementary and secondary day sclieels,by level and State: Fall ISO and tall INS
I Enrollment In ungraded and serial cluses Is not shown separately but Isproratod among the grades.
Data deried from special studios or estimates.Estimated from fall data.figures In parenthoses, shown In normal progression, Indicate enrollments In
successive grades of the pupils who intend the first grade In 1956-57 Includingfeuded and accskratad pupils. Because al reterdation, school retention rates should
not be cakulated directly from Sabra& enrollment.Loss than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Oats for 1958-51 Include Alaske; data for 195940 and subsequent yeaInclude Alaska and Hawaii. Because of rounding, detail may not add to Mb.
SOURCE: U.S. Deurtment of Heal% __Education, and Wellare_, Office of Education."Statistics of State Wel Systems, 1965411;" and Ole al Education estimate.
26 DIGEST OF HDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 27.-Eme llment, attendance, and length of school term Inpubllcelementary and secondary day schools, by state: 1545-en
State
Average Amu dailyA. Giak.110. GO/ ItIMOEnrollment& alb eluding se percent el
membership AM,' 44 %WI &MgrON t mem io
1 2 3 4 $
1131m 42,111.418 1141.111,111 81,161.411
MaunaAlaska.ferm.California&
MendeCennoctice.01111WiteDistrict of ColumbiaFlorida.
Enrollment Ilium for a given State include pupils who enrolled far the firsttime In the United States during the school year and pupils who were previouslyenrolled In another State.
&Includes estimates for the nonrepodine States.11Since attendance in California includes excused absences and enrollment is not
cumulative but as of a specific date, the ratios are not strictly comparable withthose of other States.
&Oats not available.Excludes vocational high schools not operating as part of the regular public
school system.&Oats for the 196344 school year.
SOURCE:U.S. Department of Ilealth,_Education, and Welfare, Ofece of Education,"Statistics of State School Systems, 116541"
ELEMENTAR: AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
Table 211.Age ranps for compulsory and 'permissive school attendance, byState: 1915
StateCompulsory Permissive attendance I
Stateattendanceage range: Minimum Maximum 3
1 2 3 4 1
AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCalifornia
ColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFlorida
GeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndiana
IowaKansasKentuckyLouisiana
Maine
MarylandMassachusettsMichigan
MinnesotaMississippi
Missouri
7-16 6 Oct. 1)7-16 6 y Nov. 2)b8-16 6 by Jan.7-16 6 by Oct. 18-16 534 (by Sep 1)
7-16 67-16 67-16 67-16 6 (by Nov. 1)7-16 53*
7-16 66-16 6 Dec. 31)7-16 6 by Oct. 16)7-16 6 by Dec. 1)7-16 (9
7-16 6 by Sept 15)7-16 6 by Sept 1)7-16 6 by Dec. 31)7-16 6 within 4 months of
g nn nto erm .7-17 6 (by Oct. 15)
7-16 67-16. (4)6-16 5 (by 1st day of school
sar).7-16 3 5
I6 (by Jan. 1)
7-16 6 (by Oct. 1)
g(4)
(4)
tai
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
144
(4)
2121
21
21
19
2121
21
21
21
21
21
20
MontanaNebraskaNevadaNew Hampshire
New JerseyNew MaxicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth Dakota
I The age span for permissive school attendance refers in most cases to the agerange within which persons are entitkid to free public education in the elementaryand- secondary grades. Separate provisions which apply to parsons of kinder-garten, nursery school, or lunior college age are not included in this tabulation.
3 Many States have special provisions for children who have completed a certainlevel of education (usually the 8th grade or higher) and who are employed.
3 Some States halm special provisions tor veterans and disabled persons. Also,the statutes in a few States provide that no person shall be deprived of educationalopportunities by reason of age.
27
Compulsory Permissive attendance Iattendanceage range* Minimum Maximum 3
6-18 67-18 6 Nov. 1)7-18 6 by Nov. 15)1-17 6 by Feb. 1)7-16 (4)
67-16 6 Nov. 1)7-17 6 by Dec. 31)7-17 6 by beginning of school
year).6-18 6
7-16 6 (by Jan. 1)a 7-16 / 78-16 67-16 6 Nov.7-16 6 by Dec. 17-17 6 by Sept 5)
1-16 5
13
(4)
2121
20
212121
21212121
2121
21
18
182021212021
18
4 Not specified in the statutts.A school board may exclude children under 6.If law is adopttd locally.A school board may admit children who have reached their 6th birthday on
or Wore Slit 30.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, "State Law on Compulsory Attendance."
28 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 29.-Historical summary of public lmentary and secondary schoolstatistics: United States, 1859-70 to 1953-54
Item 1169-70
1 2
Fua.paedlediedsN1Total population 1(thousands) 39,818Population aged 5-17 years, Inclusive 1 (thousands) 12 055Percent of total population aged 5-17 50. 3
Total enrollment In elementary and secondary day schools (thousands) 6,872
Nursery, kindergarten, and grades 14 (thousands) 8,792Grades -12 ma postgraduatu (thousands)9 a go
Percent of total population enrolledPercent of population 5-17 years enrolledPercent of total enrollment In high achools(grades 9-12 and postgraduates)Iiigh school graduates (thousands)Average daily attendance (thousands)Total number of days attended by all pupils enrolled (thousands)Percent of enrolled pupils attending dailyAverage length of school term (In days)Average number of days attended by each pupil enrolledTotal Instructional staff (thousands)
Supervisors (thousands)Principals (thousands)Teachers, librarians, and other nonsupervisory Instructional staff
(thousands)Men (thousands)Women (thousands)Percent men
Total revenue receiptsFrom State taxes and appropriationsFrom Intermediate and local taxes and appropriationsFrom all other sources
Percent of revenue receipts derived from:State taxes and appropriationsIntermediate and local taxes and appropriationsAll other $011M0
Total expenditures for all schools $63,397Current expenditures for elementary and secondary day schoolsCapital outlayInterest on school debtOther expenditures I
Percent of total expenditures devoted to:Current expenditures for elementary and secondary day schoolsCapital outlayInterest on school debtOther expenditures?
Average annual salary of total instructional staff IPersonal Incomes per member of the labor forcesTotal expenditure for all schools per capita of total PoPulafionNational Incomes per capita of total populationCurrent expenditure s per pupil In A.D.A 10Total expenditure 13 for day schools per pupil In LOANational income per pupil In A.I).ACurrent expenditure per day per pupil In A.D.ATotal expenditure for day schools per day per pupil In A.D.A
Average annual salary of total Instructional staffPersonal Income per member of the labor forceTotal expenditure for all schools per capita of total populationNational Income per capita of total populationCurrent expenditure per pupil In A.D ATotal expenditure for day schools per pupil In A.D.ANational Income per pupil In A.D.ACurrent expenditure per day per pupil In A.D.ATotal expenditure for day schools per day per pupil In &DA
1 Data on population and labor force are from the Bureau of the Census, anddata on personal income and national Income from the Office of Business Eco.nomics, U.S. Department of Commerce.
2 Estimated by Office of Education.3 Data for 1170-71.I Prior to 1919-20 data are for number of different persons employed rather
than number of positions.
3 Data previously published have been revised.Because of a modification of the scope of "current expenditures for elementary
and secondary day schools," date for 1959-60 and later years are not entirelycomparable with data for prior years.
I ncl udes summer schools, community colleges, and adult education. Beginningin 1959-60, also includes community services, formerly classified with "currentexpenditures for elementary and secondary day schools."
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
Table 29.-Historical summary of public elementary and ucondary schoolstatistics: United States, 1869-70 to 1963-64.continuad
29
Item 1929-30
Pepeistim, polik lestrodheal stiff
Total population (thousands) 121,770Population and 5-17 years, inclusive 1 (thousands) 31 417Percent of toTal population altd 5-17 445. g
Total enrollment In elementary and secondary day schools (thousands) 25 678
Nursery, kindergarten, and grades 1-1 (thousands) 21,279Grades 1-12 and postgraduates (thousands) 4,399
Percent of total population enrolledPercent of population 5-17 years enrolledPercent of total enrollment in high schools(grades 9-12 and postgraduates)High school sraduates (thousands)Average daily attendance (thousands)Total number of days attended by all pupils enrolled (thousands)Percent of enrolled pupils attending dailyAverage length of school term (in days)Average number of days attended by each pupil enrolledTotal Instructional staff (thousands)
Supervisors (thousands)Principals (thousands)Teachers, librarians, and other nonsupervisory instructional staff
(thousands)6Men (thousands)Women (thousands)Percent men
Other expenditures / $9,825 $13,367 $35,614 $132,567 194,093 $427,528
Percent of total expenditures devoted to:Current expenditures for elementary and secondary day schoolsCapital outlayInterest on school debtOther expenditures /
Average annual salary of total instructional staffPersonal incomes per member of the labor I I 1
Total expenditure for all schools per capita of total populationNational Income* per capita of total populationCurrent expenditure' per pupil In A.D.ATotal expenditure 12 for day schools per pupil in A.O.ANational income per pupil in A.D.ACurrent expenditure per day 13 per pupil in A.D.ATotal expenditure for day schools per day per pupil in A.D.A
Average annual salary of total instructional staff .Personal income per member of the labor forceTotal expenditure for all schools per capita of total populationNational income per capita of total populationCurrent expenditure per pupil in A.D ATotal expenditure for day schools per pupil in A.D.ANational Income per pupil in A.D.ACurrent expenditure per day per pupil In A.D.ATotal expenditure for day schools per day per pupil in A.D.A
Unless otherwise indicated, includes enrollment in subcollegiate departmentsof Institutions of higher education and in residential schools for exceptional children.Beginning In 1949-50, also includes Federal schools.
Includes all persons residing In the United States, but excludes Armed Forcesoverseas. Oats shown are actual-figures from the decennial censuses of populationunless otherwise Indicated.
3 Egludes enrollment in subcollegiate departments of institutions of highereducation and in residential schools for exceptional children.
Oats for 1927-21.5 Estimated by the Bureau of the Census as of July 1 preceding theopening of
the school year.Preliminary data.
NOTE: Beginning in 195940, includes Alaska and Hawaii.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education,_and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, "Biennial Survey of Education in the United States," chapters on StatisticalSummary of Education; and unpublished data available in the Office of Education.
NOTE: Excluded from this table are 444,000 5-year-olds in elementary schoolsrbove the kindergarten level. Because of rounding, debil may not add to totals.
SOURCE:U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare,0111ce of Education,"Nursery-Kindergarten Enrollment of Children under Six: October 1967."
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
Table 33.-Estimated enrollment In regular 1 nonpublicelementary and secondary day schools, by State: Fall
- SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1965.66."
34 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table SL-Enroliment In selected subjects in publichigh schools rotated to total enrollment in the grades inwhich the subjects are I Lt e II offered: Unita! States,
larem-4.1
Field and subject Grade
.411111Mile
2
Enrollment
Number Percent 111111110.
3.111111110
4
EnglisGrade
h:1 9 2,397,708 1(2
Grade 10 10 W.Grade 11 11 I, , 189 IC 1Grids 12 12 I, 9,897 119College level Enelish 12 9,220Honors courses 12 2, 311 . 1Wade literature 12 60,701 3.8Speech and public spukingCreative writing
1112
454,14731,097
23.82.2
Journalism 12 131.071 7.8Social studies:
United States history 11 1,04,068 104.3World history 10 1,471, 531 69. 4Civics (elementary) 9 732,609 30.0Civlcs (advanced) 12 710,123 44.7Problems of democracy 12 30,453 21.8Economics 12 293,175 ILIPsycholop 12 140,377 IL 0Sociology or social problems 12 289,401 16.6
Mathematics:General mathematics (elementary) 9 1,027,205 42.1General mathematics (advanced) 12 349,919 20.0Mama high school Of CORD maths-
matins 12 40.031 2.3Elementary algebra 9 1,607,356 65.8Intermediate and edvanced algebra. ... II 741,661 31.1Plane geometry 10 959,825 45.3Solid geometry 12 173,1% 10.0Trigonometry 12 241,225 14. 1Trlionometwalgebra, Integrated II 22,995 I. 2
'Includes enrollment In combined algebra and trigonometry courses.'Includes enrollment In combined pions rind solid oometrY cOur212.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Hawk Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,preminsig data from the survey of "Offerings and Enrollments In Science anoMathematics in Public High Schools."
Table SO.-Enrollment In science and mathematicscourses in public high schools compared with totalenrollment in grades *42 and population aged 14-17:
Population angroup 14-17 1... 1,703,000 9,012.000 106635,000 12,522,000 44
I Enrollment estimates based on sample surve,y.DM from Bureau of the Census, "Current ronulation RePorts," Sono* P-20.
No. 127, and SUM P-25, No. 193.
NOTE: Data ore tor 11 States and District of Columbia prior to 196243.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, EMI:elan, gni Welfar, Office of Edu-cation, "Offerings and Enrollments In 5cience and Mathematics in Public HighSchools, 1962.'
Table 39.-Enrollment in foreign languages in publicand nonpublic secondary schools: United States, fall
1964
Lanture, Enrollment Percentagedistribution
Percent oftotal secondaryschool enroll-
ment
2 3 4
ALL SCHOOLS 1
for11111 UMW 1. 128, 111 111.1 219
Modern foreign languages 4,045,121 80.5 24.1
s.pantghMOOD
1,174,3591,753,274
37.334.9
11.210.4
German 346,218 6.9 2.1Italian 32,105 .6 .2Russian 25,108 .5 .2Other languages 13,977 .3 .1
1 Includes public school enrollment plus an estimate for the nonpublic schools.
NOTE: Includes enrollment In Ith and Ith grades which Ofe administrativelyorganized as part of secondary schools.
SOURCE: Modem Language Association of Mirka, "Foreign Languor Offeringsand Enrollments In Secondary Schools. Fa111963"
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
Table 400-Enrollment In special education programs for xceptional dilidren:United States, February 1%3 and 1966
35
Arm of encifitionality1163
Total Local public Public and private Total LOCAL public PUblic and Mullsenrollment e0ools residential schools enrollment schoob resideetial Mails
1 2 3
Tetal. 1,112,811 1,171471
VINO flandica090Deal and hard of haring
Clip and special Rulth pmblems.Eme nalb Ind Orally malattiontldMentally retarded0Mor handicapping conditionsGifted
21,53145,594
102,1976/464279,5V
431,13022,039
214,671
13,96221,551
802,197et 1142
30, V1353,23722,039
214,671
4
7.56917,043
13448,71634,653
g
5 S 7
2,110,211 1,011,118 127,111
23,30051,400
10,5501111, 400
17400540,10032,500
312,100
15,40032,700
00,5006903,32.200
495,10032,00
312,100
7 90011;700
Dale45,00
Pupils WI reported accordine to the major typo ot exceptionality for whichthey_are meant sPecial education .
eldimated by the Wks of Education.Hot included in survey of residential schools.Includes education programs in public hospitals for the mentally III.
Table 41.-Inroilment In federally aided vocationaleducation dosses, by level And by type of program:United States and outlying areas, fiscal years 1965 to
1967
310130 0 - IS - 4
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare, OIRce of Educa-tion, unpublished data from the survey of "Special Education for ExceptionalChildren."
SOURCE:U.S. Deportment of Health, Education, and Welfare, Woof Education,"Vocational and Technical Education"; and unpublished data.
30 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 42.-Enreilment in federally aided vocational education dames, by grade .level, and type of program: United States and outlying areas, fiscal year 1967 I
Grade and level
1
Total Agricultam Oktrillutive Health Rao Ols. Tacknical Trader sadamarmalcs Mushy
2 $ 4 6 7 a
TOL
Smendor
80: toGAO 11Grads 12
Pmbecandary
GAO 13Grade 14
Adults
PteparatimSupplementary
FUSON with spacial needs
1,10,241 034,443 01411 111,112 1.10,111,.
3,530,9331'
50,701 150,411 17,114 1,417,473
813,311721, I=801,434
1,00,402
10,629131,339111,73880,05
, ,
42310, 21351,03185,08
131,9114, 404
10,02
561,407333,129254,013322,074
, 1
500,7647
9,0131 ,_______,
21,016 56,1317,
3,50i
311,813119,814
5,3332,760
10,72010,296
48 45551,1711
2,4391,067
3.111,4011 412,725 303,814 42,645 485,117
513.6033.311,10
33,457318, NS
114,726114,154
23.065111, 510
21,179651,231
t71.16 04 , ,,
4,019 1,512,
19,375
1,10,111 217,10 1,441,1111,
911,210 27, 514 847,1174
SAO al47,61510,314
587
$43,174 9,124 124,420,337 12,119 151. IP
mos134 9085409
311,10,
174,352214,412
5,8114
, Kai 123.374
74,933 103,16723,111 14, 2.1
140,442 917,001
23,415 113.106lle, 827 03,117
7
854r
33,421
I Previsional date.
SOURCE: U.S. Departing el Rol% Education, aid Wee, No at Education, unpailisked dab from Ma Bureau et Adalt and Outbid Edecation.
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
Table 43.-Enrol Mont In federally aided vocational clasusAr type of program:United States and outlying areas, 1920 to 1SS7
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, end Welfare, (Hike of Education, "Vocational and Technical Education"; and unpublished data.
Table 44.-Number and percent of public school pupils transported at publicexpense, and xpenditures for transportation: Unita! States,1929-30 to1.965-66
American SamoaCanal ZoneGuamPuerto RicoVirgin Islands
350585775
21,510503
262335429
12,61420
88250346
9,296236
400600100
22,500500
300300400
12,800300
100300400
9,700200
I Estimated. SOURCE: U.S. Dspartment of itsalth, Educatio_ LT and Welfare, Oflice of Education,
Includes full-time equivalonce of part-time teachers. "Fall 1967 Statistics of Public Schools," and Office of Education estimates.Excludes teachers in vocational schools not operatod as part of the regufar
public school system.
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
Tablo 411.-Estimated number of classroom teachers Inregular nonpublic etemontary and secondary day
Data In each of the categories of nonsupervisory Instructional staff are shownfor those States reporting such Information. In some States, classroom teachersmayinclude other nonsupervisory personnel (librarians, guidance personnel, etc.)when ouch 1:1Mmind have not been soparatelmiven.
I Includo Ix runnel In other columns IdenNed by footnote 3.See femme 2.
Excludes data forpublic school system.
SOURCE: U.S. De"Statistics of State
vocational high schools not reportod as port of the feellaf
Dartmentol Hulth,Education, and Welfare, Ma of Education,Utiool Systems, 13I5-66."
4 t 44, 44,, 40.04;4 ; q;,44.
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
Table 411.-Selected characteristics of public school teachers, by level and bysex: United States, 1965-66
Professional diploma based on 6 years of college study do. 1. 3 .4 1.9 2.6
Doctor's degree do. .1 3 .4Average (mean) years of teaching experience 11.8 13.4 10.0 9.0Average number of hours at school required of teachers per school day 7. 3 7.2 7.4 7.4Average number of hours per week devoted to teaching duties 47.4 46. 5 41.3 47.8Average number of days or classroom teaching in school year 1965-66 180.6 180. 7 180.4 la 7Average annual salary as classroom teacherAverage ege (In years)
dollars_ . $6 25358.7
6,11941.1
6 39956.2
6 6355.0
Sex- percent 100.0 31.1
Marital status:Married do 69.1 67. 5 70. 7 XL 2
Sin& do. 22.0 20.2 23.8 19.8
Witowed, separated, divorced do 9.0 12. 3 5.4 2.1
Women
6
9.572.617.2
.7
13.17.3
47.2180.56,07740. 568.9
65. 022.912.2
NOTE: Data are based on reports received from a sample of 2344 teacher&Because of rounding percents may not add to 100.0.
Tabl 49.-Public secondary school teachers, by teach.Inv field and by sex: United States, 1965-66
Teaching field in which largest portion AU teachers Men Womenof time was spent
1 2 3 4
SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report1967-R4. "The American Public-School Teacher, 1965-66." (Copyright ® 1107by the National Education Association. All rights mserved.)
Table 50.-Estimated number of classroom teachers Inregular' nonpublic secondary schools: United States,fall 1961I
Teaching fieldClassroom teachers
Number Percent
MENumberPercent
AgricultureArt.Business educationEnglishForeign language
Health and physical educationHome economicsMathematicsScienceSocial studies
MusicIndustrial artsSpecial education .Others
734 159iàoo
395 940 31201s160.
1 2 3
All It ON ill. I
1. 62. 07. 0
18.16. 4
6.95.9
13.910.815.3
4.75.1.4
1.9
2.91. 54.9
11.44.2
6.6
15.015.719.4
5.49.3.3
3.5
2.69. 5
26.19.1
7. 313.012.65.1
10. 5
L 8
4
EnglishWM studiesReligionMathematicsForeign languages
Hulth end physical educationScienceBusiness educationMusicArt.
Home economicsIndustrial artsand vocational educationAll other
14,36012,44011,1409,9209,570
9,1407,4004,9604,7801,300
960610420
16.514.312.811. 411.0
10.50.55. 75.5I. 5
1.1. 7.5
NOTE: Percents are based on reports received from sample 011,088 teachers:because of rounding, they may not add to 100.0.
SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report 1968-R4, "EconomicStatus of the Teaching Profusion, 196748." (Copytight go 1968 bythe National Education Association. All rights reserved.)
Table 52.-Percentage distribution of estimated annual salaries paid classroomteachers In public elementary and secondary schools: United States, 1952-53
134,500 or more; detailed breakdown not available.1 $6.500 or more; detailed breakdown not available.3 37.500 or more; detailed breakdown not available.461500 or more; detailed breakdown not available.189,500 or more; detailed breakdown not available.
Less than $4,500; detailed breakdown not available.
SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report1968-R1 "Economic Status of the Teaching Profession, 1967-61." (Copyright@ 1968 by the National Education Association. All rights reserved.)
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
Table 53.-Averane annual salary of Instructional staff In full.tIme publicelementary and secondary day schools, by State: 192940 to 19674$
Includes administrators.Includes clerical assistants to instructional personnel.
le Includes attendance personnel.11 Excludes vocational schools not operated as part of the regular public school
system.
SOURCE: U.S. Deortment of Health, _Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,
"Statistiss of State School Systems, 1963-64' ; and "Fall 1967 Statistics of Public
Schools.'
44 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Tabl 54.-Averag annual salary of instructional staffIn public elementary and secondary day schools, andaverag annual earnings of full-time employees in allIndustries, in unadjusted dollars and adjusted dollars School districts(196749 purchasing power): United States, 1929-30
to 1967-69
Tabl 55.-Number of local basic administrativ units(school districts), by State: Fail 1967
Based on the Consumar Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.U.S. Department of Libor.
sCalandarlur data from the U.S. Department of Commerce have been con-verted to a school-year basis by averaging the 2 appropriate calendar years Ineach case.
Estimattd.SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-
tion, "Statistics of State School Systems." U.S. Department of Commerce, _Officeof Business Vantmics, "Survey of Current Business," July issues, 1962, 1956, and1967; "U.S. Income and Output"; and "National Income," 1954 edition.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Noah, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,
"Fell 1917 Statistics of Public Schools.°
-414-tpli,'
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION 45
Thousands
100
90
so
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
SchoolYear
1945 1947 1949 1951 1953 1955
46 118 50 52 54 56 1957 1959 1961 1963 1965 1967
58 60 62 64 66 68SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Officeof Education, Digest of Educational Statistics and Fall 1967 Statis-tics of Public Schools.
NUMBER AND SIZE OF PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEMS
At intervals of five years the Bureau of the Census con-ducts a census of governments. In the mass of informa-tion that has recently become available from the 1967census are statistics on the number and size of publicschool systems (see the accompanying table). These dataIndicate that a preponderance of the pupils enrolled inpublic schools in 1966-67 were In large school systemswith a total enrollment of 6,000 or more. These 1,400systems constituted only six percent of all the schooldistricts in the country, but they enrolled more than 58percent of the pupils. The 8,000 medium-sized systems,those with an enrollment between 600 and 6,000, madeup 34 percent of the total number of districts and en-rolled approximately 37 percent of the pupils. The 14,000smaller systems, those enrolling fewer than SOO pupils,
comprised 60 percent of all the districts, but they ac-counted for less than five percent of total enrollment.
Office of Education figures indicate that there has beena continuing and precipitous decline in the number ofschool districts since the end of World War II. In the 22-year period from 1945-46 to 1967-68, more than 78percent of the systems were eliminated, as the nationaltotal shrank from 101,400 to 22,000 (see the accom-panying chart). There are still wide differences amongthe States in the number of school districts. The rangein 1967-68 was from one In Hawaii and 17 in Nevada to1,804 in South Dakota and 2,172 in Nebraska. SevenMidwestern States accounted for nearly 40 percent ofthe school systems in the entire country.
W. VANCE GRANT, specialist in educational statistics.
Figure 5.Number of public school systems: United States, 1945-46 to 1967-68
ti;e
46 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Tabl 56.-Number of public school systems and num-ber of pupils enrolled, by size of system: United States,
1966-67
Enrollment sizesSChool systems Pupils enrolled
Number Per Cent Number (in Percentthousands)
2 3 4 5
Uhl 23,$1i 111.0 8 48,142 1111.8
25,000 or more 170 .7 12,590 28.712,000 to 24,999 350 1.5 5,730 13.16,000 to II 999 880 38 7,293 18.63,000 to 5,499 1,726 7.4 7,178 16.41,800 to 2,999 1,119 7.8 4,251 9. 7
1 200 to 1 799 1,636 7.0 2,416 5.5sho to I 149 2,838 12.1 2,437 5.6
151 itri 1942,7232,091
11.68.9
1,185459
2.71.0
50 to 149 2,230 9. 5 209 . 5
15 to 49 2,673 11.4 71 . 21 to 14 2,386 10. 2 22 .1None I 1,868 8. 0
1 Based on the number of pupils enrolled In October 1966.2 Includes 992,000 students enrolled at the college level.
Systems not operating schools.
NOTE: Because of roundlng, detail may not add to totals.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce. Bureau of the Census, "1967 Census ofGovernments," CG-P-3, "Public School Systems In 1966-67."
Table 57.-Number of local basic administrative units(school districts), and number of public and nonpublicelementary and secondary schools: United States,
1929-30 to 1965-66
Public school systems Nonpublic schools'
School year School Elementary schools Secondary Elemen.districts 2 schools tory Secondary
1 Data for most years are partly estimated.2 Includes operating and nonoperating districts.3 Data not available.
NOTE: Beglnning in 195940, includes Alaska and Hawaii.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,"Biennial Survey of Education in the United States," chapters on StatisticalSummary of Education; "Statistics of State School Systems"; "Statistics ofNonpublic Elementary Schools"; and "Statistics of Nonpublic Secondary Schools."
Table 59.-Number and percent of public secondaryschools, by type of school: United States, 1919-20 to
1965-66
School year Total
1
imal
Type of school
lunlor 1 %solar 3 Junior.Venal 1 senlor
moININNINIMINI
2 3 4 5 6
1919-20:Number 14 326Percent 11)0. 0
1929-30:Number 22 237Percent lbo. o
1937-38:Number 25,057Percent 100.0
1945-46:Number.- 24,122Percent 100.0
1951-52:Number 23, 746Percent 100.0
1958-59:Number.. 24,190Percent 100.0
1963-64:Number 3 25,926Percent 100.0
1965-66:Number 328,098Percent-- 100.0
IX 421 55 2293. 7 0.4 0.1
16,460 1,142 64874.0 8.3 2.9
15,523 2,372 95961.9 9. 5 &I
13,797 2 653 1,31257. 2 11. o 5.4
10,168 3,227 1.76042.8 13.6 7.4
6,024 4,996 3,04024.9 20.6 12.6
7 173 7 143 5, 568kl. 7 7. 6 21. 5
8,176 7,920 4 94231. 3 30. 3 18.9
8285.8
3,28714.8
6,20324.8
6 360494
8 591b9. 2
10,13041.9
6,04223.3
5 06019.4
1 Includes regular 4.year high schools preceded by 11.year elementary schools.No reorganization has taken place.
2 Includes 2. and 3-year junlor high schools.3 Includes 3- and 4-year senior high schools preceded by junior high schools.
InclUdes 5. and 6-year high schools.Excludes Incomplete regular hieh schools end vocational or trade high schools
(505 In 196344 end 499 In 1965-66).NOTE: Prior to 1963-64, data are for 48 States and District of Columbia. Because
of rounding, percentages may not add to totals.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-
tion, "Statistics of Education In the United States," 1958-59 Serles Number 1,"Public Secondary Schools"; and "StatIstIcs of State School Systems."
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION 47
Table U.-Selected statistics on schoolhousing In full.thne public elementaryand secondary day schools, by State: 1966411
State
1
Number of pupils on curtailed Number of Instruction roomssessions, fall 1167
Completed Abandoned AvailableTotal Elementary Secondary Ideas Icin Iiiiintst
1111-68
2 3 4 5 6 7
NW MM. I 212,211 I 112,113 I 11,111 I 11,111 1 24,111 / 1,119,111
A school plant is defined as a site and buildings constituting the physicalfacilities used by a single school or by 2 or more schoolt sharing the use of commonfacilities. A plant with 90 percent or more of its membership at the elementarylevel Is an elementary plant; similarly for a secondary plant.
Plants with level not reported are mostly under construction, or serve pre-dominantly the kindergarten or junior college level. The figures are included inthe public and nonpublic totals, but are too small to show separately for the non-public schools (70 general-use facilities, 500 instructional rooms, 60 buildings andadditions, 30 school plants, and 1,100 membership).
Fire-resistive is defined as a building constructed entirely of fire-resistivematerials; or a building with fire-resistive walls and partitions, floors, stairways,
and ceilings. Semi-fire-resistive is defined as a building with fire-resistive exteriorand bearing walls; and fire-resistive corridor and stairway walls, floors, and ceilings.Combustible is defined as an all-frame building; a building with fire-resistiveveneer on wood frame; or one with fire-resistive bearing walls, but otherwise ofcombustible construction.
NOTE: Data for 35 States have been updated from the 1962 facilities inventoryby adding new construction and subtracting abandoned buildings; data for theremaining 15 States were taken directly from the 1962 survey. Because of round-ing, detail may not add to totals.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,"National Inventory of School Facilities and Personnel, Spring 1962."
ELEMENTARY ANQ SECONDARY EDUCATION
Table 63.-Number of public and nonpublic high school graduates, by sex andState: 1966-67
51
StatePublic high school graduates * Nonpublic high school graduate; *
Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls
1 2
WM Maim 2,314,241
AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCalifornia
ColoradoConnecticut.DelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFlorida
GeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndiana
IowaKansas*KentuckyLouisianaMaine
MarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippi
Missouri*MontanaNebraska.NevadaNew Hampshire
New JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth Dakota
Evziudes approxlmatek 7,000 graduates of subcolleglate departments ofinstitutions of higher education, Federal schools for Indians end on Federal Installa-tions, end residential schools for exceptional children.
I Estimated.Excludes graduates of vocational schools not operated es part of the regular
public school system.
4 Distribution by sex estimated by Office of Education.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, "Fall 1967 Statistics of Public Schools"; end Office of Education estimates.
_ .
52 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 64.-Number of high school graduates compared with population 17 yearsof age: United States, 1869-70 to 1966-67
1 Includes graduates of public and nonpublic schools.Data from the Bureau of the Census.
3 Preliminary data.
NOTE: Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii.
Numbergraduated per100 persons
17 years of age
6
59. 058.660. 0
62. 364. 865. 169. 576. 3
75.976. 2
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,"Biennial Survey of Education in the United States," chapters on Statistical Sum-mary of Education; and unpublished data available in the Office of Education.
tie
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
Table 65.-Est Misted revenue and nonrevenue recelpts of public elementaryand secondary schools, by source and State: 196748
(Amounts In thousands of dollars,
53
StateTotal
revenue andnonrevenue Total
receipts
Revenue receipts
Federal 8
Amount
State
Percent Amount Percentof total of total
Local and other 8 Nonrevenuereceipts
Amount Percentof total
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Wed Saks
AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCalifornia
ColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFlorida
GeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndiana
IowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaine
MarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippi
MissouriMontana 7NebraskaNevadaNew Hampshire
New JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth Dakota
1 Nonrevenue receipts either incur an obligation that must be met at some futuredata or change the form of an asset from properly to cash and therefore decreasethe amount and value of school property. Money received from loans, sale of bonds,sale of property purchased from capital funds, and proceeds from insurance ad-justments constitute most of the nonrovenue receipts. Revenue receipts whichare derived largely from taxes and appropriations, do not Incur an obligation thatmust be met at some future date and do pot represent exchanges of propertyfor mono.
a Includes all Federal grant programs to State and local systems including aidto federally impacted areas, school lunch and milk, National Defense EducationAct, Manpower Development and Training Act, vocational education, EconomicOpportunity Act, Elementary and Secondary Education Act, etc. Estimates ofFederal revenues under Title I of ESEA have generally been Included on thebasis of expected expenditures fOr the 1966-67 SellOOl year.
8 Includes revenues from local and intermediate sources, gifts, and tuition andfees from patrons.
includes funds not handled by custodian of school funds.3 includes proceeds from county bond issues.
Not available.7 Estimated by NEA Research Division.
Excludes State's share of teacher retirement and social SeCUrlfy.9 includes revenuss for operation of the Public School Finance Division which is
not a part of the State Department of Education.10 Includes approximately $30,000,000 from sale of State bonds tor school
construction.u Excludes revenues for kindergarten and for public junior colleges no longer
under local school systems.
NOTE: Because of rounding, percents may not add to 100.0.
SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report1967-R19, "Estimates of School Statistics, 1967-68." (Copyright (t) 1967 by theNational Education Association. All rights reserved.)
t;i0;iikr,
54 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
REVENUE RECEIPTS FOR PUBLIC ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARYSCHOOLS, BY SOURCE: UNITED STATES, 1965-66
FEDERALGOVERNMENT$2.0 BILLION
7.9%
S.
TOTAL RECEIPTS$25.4 BILLION
NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.SOURCE U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, Digest of Educa-tional Statistics, table 66.
Figure 6.Revenue receipts for public elementary and secondely schools, by source: United States, 1965-66
4,
VMNIfta
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
Table 66.-Revenue receipts of public elementary and secondary schools fromFederal, State, local, and other sources, by State: 1965-66
(Amounts In thousands of dollarst
55
StateTotal
revenuereceipts
Federal+ StateLocal
(Including intermediate) Other revenue receipts+
Amount Percent oftotal
Amount Percent oftotal
Amount Percent oftotal
Amount Percent oftotal
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a 9 10
Ilaitsd States
AlabamaAlaska.ArizonaArkansasCalifornia
ColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFlorida
GeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndiana
IowaKansas 5KentuckyLouisianaMaine
MarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippi
Missouri+Montana.NebraskaNevadaNew Hampshire
New JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth Dakota
I Includes rotatively minor amount from other sources (gilts and tuition and NOTE: Beginning in 195940, includes Alaska and Hawaii. Because of rounding,transportation fees from patrons), which accounted for 0.5 percent of total revenue detail may not add to totals.receipts In 196548. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office ot Educe-
tion, "Statistics of State School Systems."
--
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
Tab WAIL-Estimated xpenditures for public elementary and secondaryeducation, by purpose and State: 196745
On thousands of dollars)
57
TotalState expenditures
Current expendituresCapitaloutlay
Interest onschool debtPublic elementary
and secondaryday schools
Otherprograms!
1 2 3 4 5 6
UM Mats'
AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCalifornia
ColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFlorida
New Jersey 1,207,000 1,020,000 15_,000 135,000 97,000
New Mexico 200,338 165,494 2,307 30,542 1,995
New York 3,494,000 2,974,000 85,000 325,000 110,000
North Carolina 623,997 513,590 26,107 79,000 11,000
North Dakota 91,115 77,615 1,500 16,000 3,000
Ohio 1,540,000 1,300,000 20,000 170,000 50,000
Oklahoma 347,500 303,600 2,500 37,000 4,700
Oregon 344,000 283,000 5 500 49 000 6,500
Pansy ivaniaRhode Island
1,792,170124,162
1,314,067106,412
1042$SD
ni, no12,000
118, 1615,500
South Carolina 297,642 256,142 6,000 90,000 5.580
South Dakota 105,225 90,000 13,000 2, 22*
Tennassea 461,200 313,700 11,000 53,000 13,500
Texas 1,414,991 1,133,270 9,000 217,641 55,050
Utah 195,100 143,700 5,200 42,900 3,900
Vermont 66,565 54,900 100 10,750 135
Virginia 665,000 525,000 15,000 110,000 15,000
WashIngon 561,000 453,000 24,000 70, I I 14,000
West Virginia 219,000 111,000 9,000 19, 2,000
Wisconsin 706,133 574,175 12,670 91,555 20,000
Wyoming 63,050 56, 150 (!)t
5,500 1,4006.
0:1161g wooAmerican Samoa 4,132 3,223 279 625
Canal Zone 13,659 10,821 1,232 1,605
Guam 12,370 10,900 170 1,300
Virgin Islands. 11, On 7,281 1,352 2,421 . .
1 Includes expenditures for summer schools, adult education, community serv-ices (such as public libraries operated by school districts, expenditures for non-public schools where authorized by law, community centers, and recreational
I Incluactivities)des estimates for the District of Columbia.Data not available.
Excludes expenditures for vocational schools not operated as partof the regularpublic school system.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,"Fa111967 Statistics of Public Schools."
58 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 69.-Summary of expenditures tor public elementary and secondaryeducation, by purpose and State: 196546
1ln thousands of dollars)
State
Total Current expenditures for full.time elementary and secondary dayschoolsOther Capital
1 Includes expenditures for administration at all levels.'Includes attendance services, health service, pupil transportation, food se
Ices and extracurricular activities.Includes community services, summer schools, adult education, andcommunity
COMM Incomplete for some States.Includes expenditures not eliocable to pupil costs which amounted to a total
of $13,589,000. States reporting such expenditures were: Alabama, $375,000;Delaware, IMMO; Kentucky, $1,4N,000; Minnesote, $367,000; New Jersey,$10,400,00k Utah, 8829,000; and West Virginia, $14,000. These amounts woreexcluded In computIne per pupil expenditures.
Included In this table are capital outlays by State and local school housingauthorities In 2 States which amounted to an estimated total of $158,263,000 In196546(572,500,000 In Indiana and $61,763,000 In Pennsylvania).
Includes expenditures for summer achools.Data for column 6 I uded In column 7.Estimated by Offlcet Education.Date for column jAncluded In column 6.
NOTE: Becaus6i rounding, detall may not add to totals.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, _Education, and Welfare, Olken! Education,"Statistics of State School Systems, 116546."
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION 59
Table 70.-Summary of expenditures for public elementary and secondaryeducation, by purpose: United States, 1919-20 to 1965-66
Purpose of expenditure
1
School year
1919-20
2
Totjarilibm,s11$1,031,1111
Current expenditures, BOschools 864,397
Public elementary andsecondary schools... 861,120
AdministrationInstructionPlant operationPlant maintenanceFixed chargesOther school serlle
Prior to 1955-56, items included under "other school services" were listedunder "auxiliary services,' more comprehensive classireation which alsoIncluded community services.
3 Prior to 1955-56, data shown for adult education represent combined expendi-tures for adult education, summer schools, and community colleges.
Excludes capital outlay by nonschool agencies.Less than 0.05 of 1 percent.
I
NOTE.-Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii. Because of rounding,dotail may not add to totals.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education. and Welfare, Office of Education"Biennial Survey of Education in the United States"; and "Statistics of StateSchool Systems, 196541"
,
at,
60 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 71.-Personal income, 1967, related to estimated expenditures tor publiclementary and secondary education, by State: 1967-68
State
Mtge Stales
AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCalifornia
ColoradoConnecticut.DelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFlorida
GeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndiana
IowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaine
MarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippi
MissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew Hampshire
New JerseyNew MexicoNow YorkNorth CarolinaNorth Dakota
Current expenditures tor Public&mental,/ end secondary day
schools
Total (inmillions)
Per capita Amount (Inthousands)1
As a percent ofpersonal Income
Amount (inthousands)
As a percent ofpersonal Income
2 3 4 5 7
1121,111 18,187 181,111,151 1.11 121,811,111 4.11
%,
7,668187
4,3814,113
70,097
6,09411,3061,9353,453
10,765
11,3302,4111,123
40,57516,205
1,5166,8467,6121,9542,549
12,64411,90929,12511,1444,449
13,7751,9344,2161,6102,071
25,3772,469
61,31512,049
1,588
33,5906,5456,106
36,6242,914
5,6311,7199,342
29,3852,680
1,15712,59210,7464,210
13,208944
2,1663 6292:6112,0903,660
3,0163,1653,7004, 2512,716
2,5133,3262,6083_,7253,241
3,0133,0092,3872,4452,620
3,4343,4183,3133,1111,815
2,9132,7592,9383,6263,019
3,6242,4623,7262,3962,485
3,2122,6233,0553,1493,238
2,1672,5502,3692,7042,617
2,7752,7763,4812,3413,1532,997
395,00013,000
252,450227, 558
4,001,000
361,973451,350100,200
(310,532
592,947133,101101,409
1,456,959860,200
419,000326;000350,975589 40012000
721,970761,640
1,510,000721,033236,900
515,650120,350190,011687,13890,519
1,207,000200;358
3,491,000621,997
91,115
1,540,000347,800344,000
1,712,170124,862
297 642105:225461,200
1,414,911195,100
66,515665,000561,000218,800706,13363,050
5.151.415.765.535.72
5.944.055.18
(3)5.63
5.235.555.563.595.31
4.924.764.61
1.1114
5.714.035.186.525.32
4.250.224.705.414.16
4.768.115.115.226.18
4.585.315.634.904.28
5.216.125.004.827.28
5.755.285.225.205.356.68
319.00060,000
228.000112,212
2,865,000
296,473400,000
73,000
110,355
506 04710466986,809
1,221,500615,000
350 0002745oo302,000482,000105,500
534,827671,000
1,181,000512,4071117,000
411,150107,30151,79466,33873,729
1,020 000164494
2,974,000513,89077,615
1,300,000303,600283,000
1,384,067106,412
251,14290,000
313,7001,133,270
143,700
_54,80353,000453,000188,000574,17156,150
4.166.085.204.434.09
4.863.543.77
4.01
4.484.384.763.024.10
4.114.023.975.384.14
4.233.514.055.234.20
3.545.5113.604.123.56
4.026.704.354.274.89
3.174.64
1.6371
3.65
4.555.244.163.865.81
4.754.174. 224.474.355.95
Includas current expenditures, capital outlay, end interest.Includes estimate for the District of Columbia.
'Data not available.
SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, "Fall 1967 Statistics of Public Schools"; U.S. Department of Commens.Office of Businoss Economics, "Survey of Current Business," April 1968.
ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION 61
Table 72.-Estimated expenditure per pupil in averagedaily attendance in public elementary_ and secondary
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, "Fa111967 Statistics of Public Schools"; and unpublished data.
Table 73.-Totaf and current expenditure per pupil inaverage daily attendance in public elementary andsecondary schools: United States, 1929-30 to 1967-60
School yearUnadjusted dollars Adjusted dollars (1967-68
purchaslng power)1
Totala Currant Total Carent
1 2 3 4 5
1929-30 $101 $87 $215 $173
193142 97 81 229 191
193344 76 67 195 172
1935-36 ss 74 218 183
1937-38 100 84 238 200
1939-40 106 ss 258 214
1941-42 110 se 240 214
1943-44 125 117 244 229
1945-46 145 136 271 254
1947-48 203 179 296 261
1949-50 259 209 372 3001951-52 313 244 405 316
1953-54 351 265 444 3351955-56 361 294 491 372
1957-58 449 341 535 406
1959-60 472 375 547 434
1961-62 519 419 5117 474
1963-64 559 460 616 507
1965-66 653 538 696 573
1967-684 750 623 750 623
1 Based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics,U.S. Department of Labor.
Includes current expenditure, capital outlay, and Interest on school debt.a Estimated.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education,and Welfare,Orme of Education,"Statistics of State School Systems"; and "Fall 1967 Statistics of Public Schools."
Table 74.-Expenditure of Federal, State, and localfunds for vocational education: United States and
outlying areas, 1920 to 19671ln thousands of dollars)
NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,"Vocational end Technical Education"; and unpublishad date.
Chapter III
Higher Education
Universities and colleges exist in every State in theUnion and in all the larger and more populousoutlying areas. More than one-third of the entiregroup ofapproximately 2,400 institutions are underthe control of State governments or of cities, coun-ties, or other subdivisions of States. Seven arecontrolled by the Federal Government. The re-maining 61 percent of the group are controlled byreligious sects, organizations within one profes-sional group or another, or self-perpetuating groupsof public-spirited persons. Public colleges anduniversities tend to be much larger than theirprivate counterparts. More than two-thirds of allcollege students attend publicly controlledinstitutions.
Institutions present the widest range imaginablein type of instruction offered. A typical juniorcollege offers only the first 2 years of training atthe college level; a university usually offers, inaddition to a full undergraduate course in liberalarts, graduate work leading to the doctorate aswell as courses preparing for entrance into at leasttwo or three of the learned professions. Betweenthese two extremes there are innumerable collegeswhich reflect local needs and purposes.
Degree-credit enrollment in institutions of highereducation in the United States has increased eachyear since the early 1950's, rising from 2,102,000in 1951 to 5,526,000 in 1965, and to an estimated6.3 million students in 1967. This trend reflectsnot only a substantial growth in the number ofyoung persons of college age but also an increasedawareness of the importance of a college education.Each year since 1951 there has been a rise in theproportion of young people enrolled in college. In1951 there were 24 college students for each 100persons 18 to 21 years of age in the population;by 1967 there were nearly 47 college students per100 persons in the same age group. Along with thegreatly expanded college enrollment, there have
been concomitant increases in the number of fac-ulty members in earned degrees conferred, and inexpenditures for higher education. All of thesetrends are clearly indicated in the tables whichfollow.
The Office of Education conducts an annualsurvey of opening fall enrollment in which it ob-tains statistics directly from the institutions ofhigher education on total and first-time students.These data are usually available within threemonths after the opening of the fall term. Theopening fall enrollment survey has been supple-mented by a comprehensive biennial survey inwhich more detailed information is requested. Inthe comprehensive survey students are classifiednot only by control of institution and by sex butalso by status as resident or extension. undergradu-ate, first-professional, or graduate; and full-time orpart-time students.
Other studies of institutions of higher educationwhich have been conducted periodically by theOffice of Education include a biennial survey offaculty and other professional staff; an annualsurvey of faculty salaries; an annual survey ofearned degrees conferred; a biennial survey of re-ceipts, expenditures, and property; an annual sur-vey of tuition and fees and room and board rates;an annual survey of land-grant institutions; andannual surveys of enrollment for advanced degrees,
and of engineering enrollments and degrees. Themost recent data available from each of thesestudies are summarized in the pages which follow.
Some of the tables in this chapter provide totalsfor the 50 States and the District of Columbia.Others also include those outlying areas, the CanalZone, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands,which have within their borders an institution ofhigher education. The coverage of each table isclearly specified in its title or in the table stub.
42/66
r
64 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 750-Total enrollment In Institutions of higher education, by sex,enrollment category, control of Institution, and State: Fall 1967
State TotalSex Enrollment category Control of Institution
U.S. Service Schools 14,579 14,572 7 14,579 14,579
Mies erees 51,138 25,757 20,182 41,177 2,712 34,302 11,831
Canal Zone 1,284 661 623 1,214 1,a14
Guam 1,597 879 718 1,312 285 1,597
Puerto Rico 47,725 23,572 24,153 45,215 2,440 30,088 17,637
Virgin Islands. 1,333 645 618 1,296 37 1,333
NOTE: Includes students whose programs of study are creditable towardbachelor's or higher degree and also students In 1-, 2-, or 3-year undergraduateprograms which are not creditable toward bachelor's degree but which aredesigned to prepare for immediate employment or to provide general education.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, "Opening Fall Enrollment In Higher Education, 1967."
HIGHER EDUCATION
Table 76.-Enrollment In Institutions of higher educa-tion, by sex and by control of institution: United States
1 Includes students whose programs of study are creditable toward a bachelor'sor hIgher degree and also students in 1-, 2-, and 3-year undergraduate programswhich are not creditable toward a bachelor's degree but which are designed toprepare for immediate employment or to provide general education.
Data for first-time studenls for years prior to 1966 are not comparable dncethey include only first ame students in programs chiefly creditable toward abacheter's degree.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, "Opening Fall Enrollment In Higher Education, 1967."
65
Table 77.-Estimated total and first-time degree-creditenrollment in institutions of higher education, by State:
NOTE: Degree-credit enrollment includes full-time and part-time residentand extension students taking work creditable toward a bachelor s or higher degree.First-time students are beginning freshmen with no priorcredits appticable toward
a bachelor's dairo-SOURCE: Office of Education estimates.
66 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 78.-Total enrollment In Institutions of higher education, by control ofInstitution and by State: Fall 1967
Public PrivateState Total
State 1 Local' Independentof church
Denominational
ProtestantRoman
Catholic Other a
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
WM States
AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCalifornia
ColoradoConnecticut.DelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFlorida
GeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndiana
IowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaine
MarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippi
MissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew Hampshire
New JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth Dakota
'Includes institutions under Federal control (U.S. Service Schools and CanalZone College).
2 Includes Institutions under the joint control of State and local governments.3 Includes Jewish, Latter Day Saints, Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox, and
Unitarian.NOTE: Includes students whose programs of study are creditable toward a
bachelor's or higher degree and also students in 1-, 2-, or 3-year undergraduateprograms which are nol creditable toward a bachelor's degree but which aredesigned to prepare for immediate employment or to provide general education.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-Kok "Opening Fall Enrollment In Higher Education, 1967"; "Education Directory,1966-67: Part-3, Higher Education"; and unpublished data.
747.!=.1.,,e="37AZ,VeNAttate.§11,Ce
MGM R EDUCATION
Table 79.-Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex, and by typeand control of institution: United States and outlying areas, fall 1965 and fall1960
67
Type and control of institution
Number of stadents, 1965 Number of students, 1960 Percentage change, 1960 to 1965
Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TOTAL , PUBLIC AND PRIVATEAllInstitutiens- 5, 570, 271 3, 311, 574 2, 173, 07 3, 610, 007 2, 270, 640 1, 335, 317 +54. 3 +45. 5 +12.3
Schools of art 20, 329 10, 013 10, 316 14, 909 8, Ill 6, 798 +36. 4 +23.4 +51. 8
Other professional 75, 719 62, 147 13, 572 42, 464 36,266 6,198 +78. 3 +71.4 +119. 0
NOTE: Includes resident and extension degree-credit students.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1965"; and unpublished data.
316-630 0 - 66 - 6
N.A?
`,1
68
19461947194819491950
19511952195319541955
DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table N. Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex and by controlof institution: United States, fall 1946 to fall 1968
Enrollment by sex Enrollment by control
Year Total of institution Year Total of institution
NOTE: Beginning in 1960, data are for 50 States and District of Columbia;data for earlier years are for 48 States and District of Columbia. Beginning in
1953, enrollment figures include resident and extension degree-credit students;data for earlier years exclude extension students.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,circulars on "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education."
Table 81.-Enrollment in institutions of higher education compared with popula-tion aged 18-21: United States, fall 1946 to fall 1967
1 These Bureau of the Census estimates are as of July 1 preceding the openingof the academic year. They Include Armed Forces overseas.
2 Estimated.
NOTE: Beginning in 1960, data are for 50 States and the District of Columbia;data for earlier years are for 48 States and the District of Columbia. Beginning
In 1953, enrollment figures include resident and extension degree-credit students;data for earlier years exclude extension students.
SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and !Mare, Office of Edu-cation, circulars on "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education"; and U.S.Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Current Population Reports,"Series P-25.
Table 82.-First-time enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex andby control of institution: United States, fall 1946 to fall 1968
Enrollment by sex Enrollment by controlof institution
Men Women Public Private
3 4 5 6
440,613463,865486, 057539, 512
591,913598,099604, 282701, 524829,215
787,000814, 000841,000
280,934308, 427332, 223383, 557
426, 448432, 455442, 135523, 316612, 607
591,000625,000655,000
431,858471,712498, 652577, 744
648, 236669, 728686,861814,664990, 021
947, 0001,024,0001, 074,000
289.689300, 580319,628345, 325
370, 125360, 826359, 556410, 176451, 801
431,000415, 000422, 000
Estimated.2 Data not available.
NOTE: Beginning in 1960, data are for 50 States and District of Columbia; datafor earlier years are for 48 States and District of Columbia. Beginning in 1953
enrollment figures Include resident and extension degree-credit students; data forearlier years exclude extension students.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, circulars on "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education. '
-
MOTOR EDUCATION
Table 1130-fliscurical sununary of faculty, study:too_ __Myren, and finances,institutions of higher education: United States, 1111640 to 10344
Total number of different individuals (not reduced So hafts equivalent).Eitimated.
3 Oata for first term of the academic year.Unle3s otherwise Indicated. Includes students enrolled at any time during the
academic year.Oats for faIl 1963.Data not available.
1 Includes unexpended plant funds.
NOTE: Beginning In 195940, Includes Alaska and Hawaii.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Orme of Educa-
tion, "Biennia! Survey of Education In the UniNa States"; "Faculty and.OtherProfessional Staff In Institutions of Milker Education"; "Comprehensive nePor1on Enrollment In Higher Education"; Earned Degrees Conferred"; and "finan-cial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education."
70 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Tabl 84.-Resident degree-credit enrollment In Institutions of higher educationrelated to total population and to age groups 18-21 and 111-24: United States,
1869-70 to fall nuPopulation
Year
Resident degree.credit enrollment Ratios
Total I Ages 18-21 s Ages 18-248 Total Undergrad-vats
I Armed Forces ove rseas are excluded trom 1869-70 to1929-30; they are Included
in 1939-40 and subsequent years.fiata are actual census counts as of June 1 trom 1870 to 1900; tor later years
they are estimates by the Bureau of the Census as of July 1 preceding the tall term
of each school year.3 Data from 1869-70 to 1939-40 are estimates by the Office of Education from
figures tor broad age groups supplied by the Bureauof the Census; data for later
years are estimates by the Bureau of the Census.
Data not available.s Distribution by level estimated.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare, Office of Education.
"Biennial Survey of Education In the United States"; and comprehensive surveysof enrollment In institutions of higher education.
HIGHER EDUCATION
Table 115.-Residence and migration of college students taking work creditabletoward a bachelor's or higher degree: United States and outlying areas, fall 1563
71
StateAll studentsenrolled 1
All student Studentsresidents remaining"
Migration of students
Out of Into Net(co1.6-col. 5)
1 2 3 4 5 6
United Ohs mil NOIR mem 4, 215. 114 4, 1St 411 3, 411, 141 111, 340 151,115
Pi Stites mil WHIM Waft 4, 233, 501 4, 159,015 3, 313,817 110, 111 849, 124
Alabama 45,261 45,913 36,702 9,21) 1,559
Alaska 1,663 3,077 1,419 1,651 244
Wong 45,532 41,569 36,647 4,922 1,885
Arkansas 31,311 32,498 26,166 5,632 4,445
California 569,531 557,507 524,485 33,022 45,053
Colorado 49,194 40,614 32,636 7,978 16,558
Connecticut 60,251 73,269 45,117 21,012 15,064
Delaware 7,198 1,738 4,371 4,367 2,827
District of Columbia 48,715 18,024 11,622 6,402 37,163
Oellyiegams Mae US 32,313 33,414 31,212 2, 142 1,1111
+13,815
+74,421
-722-1,414+3,963-1,187
+12,031
+1,510-13,018-1,540
+30,761-1,612
+1,000-3,050-2,742
-20,700+20,361
44,6083,039
$2 9344,700
4377
-9,617+25,612+1,232+2,511+1,414
+10,365-1,446+3,812-1,552+3,135
-56,5074413
-36,232+14,517-1,012
1,219
3,2471,102
+2,427
+2.194+309
+10.935+5,541
+12,034
+4.159-10,200+1,908+2,997+6,211
-127
+14,451
-t. 151
1 "Students enrolled" are students enrolled in the State (those remaining plusthe immigrants).
2 "Student residents" are those with residence in the State, and studying eitherin or out of the State.
3 "Students remaining" are students studying in their home State.The inmigration exceeds the oulmimation by the number of students from
foreign countries enrolled.
'Enrollments in service schools are not included in the State totals in col. 2:thay AIM however, Included in the totals for the 50 States and District of Columbiaand the aggregate total. Students enrolled at the service schools In included incol. 3 according to their State of residence.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,"Residence and Migration of Cones. Students, Fall 1963."
,;)
72 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 36.-Enrollment In institutions of higher education, by sex, type of enroll-ment, and control of institution: United States and outlying areas, fall 1963
Type of enrollment and control of institutionHumber of students Humber of students
Type institutionTotal Men Women
of enrollment and control ofTotal Men Women
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
All WOWAll resident and extension students 4,814,933 2,979, 206 1, 835, 727
Pert-time 560,055First-professional students L 56,776
330,42149,297
229,6347,479
Graduate :rodents 271,804 180,032 81,772Students taking work chiefly creditable toward Extension students 232,137 129,240 102,897
a bachelor's Of higher degree 4, 543, 117 2, 786, 389 1, 746, 728 Students in occupational or general studiesResident students
Under raduate and first-professional4, 266,455 2,639. 290 1,627, 165 programs not chiefly creditable toward a
Ptivalslyeeelrellediestibileas:Part-time 870,758 522,994 347,764First-professional students I 151,242 132,219 19,023 All resident and extension students 1, 708,965 1,073, 348 635,617
Graduate students 471,772 334,510 144,262Students taking work chiefly creditable towardExtension students 276,662 157,099 119,563
Students in occupational or general studies a bachelor's Of bigger degree 1,654,904 1,039,064 615,840programs not chiefly creditable toward abachelor's degree
Resident students271,816209, 816
182,817139, 118
81,99970, 768
Resident studen 1,610,379Undergraduate and first-professional
students 1,410,411
1,011,205
166,727
599,174
543,684Extension students 61,930 43,699 18,231 Undergraduate students 1,315,945 783,105 532,140
Full-time 1,005,242 591,232 414,010
3,105,968 1,905,858 1,200,110Fab lista metaled intilatiss:
All resident and extension'etudentsPart-time 310,703
First-Professional students I 94,466192, 57382,922
118,13011,544
Graduate students 199,968 144,478 55,490Students taking work chiefly creditable toward Extension students. 44,525 27,859 16,666
bachelor's Of higher degree 2,888,213 1,757,325 1,130,188 Students In occupational or general studiesResident students 2,,076 1,621,085 1,027,991 programs not chiefly creditable toward a
Undergraduate and first-professional oacnelor's degree 54,061 34,214 11,777students 2,377,272 1,438,053 939,219 Resident students 45,390 29,885 15,505
Undergraduate students 2, 320,496 1,388, 756 931, 740 Extenslon students 1,671 4,399 4,2721,760,441 1,058,335 702,106
I includes only first-professional students with preprofessional training.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educe-
tio_,n "Resident and Extension Enrollment In Institutions of.Higher Education,__Fali1963"; and "Opening Fail Enrollment In Institutions of Hither Education, 1963.°
Table 37.-Junlor-year students majoring In science, mathematics, and foreignlanguages in institutions of higher education, by sex, field of study, and control
of institution: United States and outlying areas, fall 1962
20,430 14,000 6,430 11,980 8,450MathematicsStatistics 276 238 38 213 63 Teaching of English as a foreign
language 23 5 II 23
196243SOURCE:U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Anior-Year Science, Mathematics, and Foreign Language Students, First-Term
."
. ..
<Sr
HIGHER EDUCATION
Table IL-Enrollment for advanced degrees In Institu.lions of higher education, by field of study: United States
and outlying areas, fall 1960 and 1965
Field of study Fa111960 Fa111965PercentageMa'am_
1:150 to 1965
1 2 a 4
UMW
AgricultureArchitectureBiological stlencesBusiness and commerceEducation
EniineerIngEnglish and journalismFine and applied artsForeign languages and literatureForestry
I Includes U.S. citizens only.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,
"The Academic end Financial Status of'Graduate Students, Spring1965."NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.
-`,
HIGHER EDUCATION
Table 90.-Socloeconomic background of graduatestudents, by sex: United States, spring 1965
Background characteristic
1
Number of students.
TataL
Father's Income (pm annum):Less then 55000$5,000 to 57,499$7,500 to $9,999510,000 to$15,000 to 19,999NON en OYUDo not know
Father's occupation:LaborerSINICO workerSemiskilled operativeSkilled craftsmanFarm operatorProprietor Of managerSemiprofessionalProfessional gxcept educator)Teacher Of 0 Of educator
Father's education:Old not complete grade schoolCompleted grade school but not high schoolCompleted high school but no collegeOne but less than 4 years of collegeCompleted coil,Obtained master s degreeObtained Ph. 0. or other
Mother's education:Did not complete grade schoolCompleted grade school but not high schoolCompleted high school but no collegeOne but less roan 4 years of collegeCompleted collegeObtained master's degreeObtained Ph.D. or other
SexAli
students Men Women
2 3 4
477,535 335,227 142,308
Percent
IN IN IN
29 30 2827 28 2416 16 14124
123
125
4 4 6a 6 12
5 6 54 4 37 a 6
186
197
168
18 17 1915 15 1619 19 215 5 5
13 13 11
28 28 2623 24 2312 12 1312 12 134 4 4a 7 10
9 9 a27 27 2534 35 3216 15 1811 10 123 2 31 1 1
Note: Because of rounding, detall may not add to totals.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,"The Academic and Financial Status of Graduate Students, Spring 1965."
Table 91.-4tipend,status of graduate students: UnitedStates, spring 1965
Total
Profile variables
Heldstipends
Did nothold
stipends
Number Percent Percent Percent
1 2 3
Ail *dab. 411,535 101 43 51
Sex:
,
Men 335,227 100 49 51
Women 142,300 100 37 63
Age:23 and under 68,663 100 54 46
24 to 28 191,688 100 51 49
29 and over 217,183 100 34 69
RHO:White 425,323 100 41 59
Negro 12,141 100 44 56
Other (chiefly (Mental) 4,022 100 42 58
Citizenship:United States 441,487 100 41 59
Other 36,048 100 70 30
Marital status:Single, no dependents 168,225 100 53 47
Single, with dependents 18,132 100 38 62
Married, no dependents 96,199 100 45 55
Married, with dependents 194,977 100 35 65
Enrollment status:Full-time 210,130 100 66 44
Part-time 267,404 100 26 74
Control of InstitutIon:Public 296,032 100 43 57
Private 181,503 100 44 56
Type of institution:Universities. 354,078 100 52 48
All other 123,457 100 18 12'
Size of_graduate enrollment:2,u9u Of MOM 225,524 100 52 48
Less than 2,000 252,010 100 36 64
NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education, end Welfare, Office of Educa-
tion, "The Academic and Financlal Status of Graduate Students, Spring 1965."
Table 92.-Engineering enrollment In Institutions of hIgher education, by level:United States and outlying areas, fall 1949 to fall 1965
I Also Includes enrollment for other postgraduate predoctoral degrees.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Engineering Degrees (1964-65) and Enrollments (Fail 1965)."
76 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
First-year
Terminal-year
IMP MEM OEM =MO NM ONO SIM
Intermediate-years
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education. and Wel-fare. Office of Education, survey of Students Enrolled forMaster's and Higher Degrees, Fall 1965.
In the fall of 1965, all institutions of higher educationin the United States and Puerto Rico offering graduatework reported a total of 535,000 students enrolled inprograms of study leading to a master's or a higherdegreean increase of 58.000 students, or 12 percent,over the fall of 1964.
This enrollment of 535,000 students was reported in22 subject areas. The five subject areas with the largestenrollments were education, social sciences, engineering,business and commerce, and physical sciences.
The enrollment was distributed among three levels ofstudy as follows:
The first-year level included students who had completedless than one full year of the required study for amaster's degree or a higher degree. The intermediate-years included students who had completed one or moreyears of study for a master's or a higher degree. Theterminal-year included only those students who were ex-pected to complete all doctoral reqUirements by June 30,1966.
The accompanying chart shows the percentage distri-bution of the students enrolled for master's and higherdegrees by level of study and by full- and part-time at-tendance status.
NEVA A. CARLSON, specialist in educational statistics.
S.
Figure 7.-12ercentage distribution of students enrolled for master's and higherdegrees: United States andoutlying areas, fall 1965
ee'
HIGHER EDUCATION
Table 93.-Number of 2.year institutions of higher education and enrollment,by control of institution and by sex: United States, fall 1947 to fall 1967
I Estimated. The total number of 2year institutions, including those offeringnondegree.credit programs exclusively, was 752 in 1966 and 786 in 1967.
NOTE: Beginning in 1960, data are for 50 States and District of Columbia; datafor earlier years are for 48 States and District of Columbia. Beginning In 1953
enrollment figures include resident and extension degree.credit students; datafor earlier years exclude extension students.
SOURCE:U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,circulars on "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education."
Table 94.-Number of graduates of organized occupational curriculums at thetechnician or semiprofessional level, by length of curriculum, sex, and field of
Fine, applied, and graphic arts 133 3,223 1,591 1,632 3,125 1,515 1,610 98 76 22
Police technolop or law enforcement 79 924 887 37 785 749 36 139 138 1
Religious work 56 804 429 375 761 418 343 43 11 32
All other nonscience and nonengineering relatedfields 168 6,133 3,144 2,989 5,681 2,976 2,705 452 168 284
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, unpublished data from the survey of "Earned Degrees Conferred, 1965-66."
DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 95.-Number of graduate% 1963-64, and enrollment, fall 1964, In orga-nized occupational curriculums in institutions ofhigher education, by curriculum :
Excludes curriculums below the technlclan or semlprofessional level.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, apublished data from the survey of "Organized Occupational Curriculums."
Table 96.-Faculty, students, and degrees, institutions attended predominantlyby Negro students: United States, 1963-64
Item TotalUniversities, colleges, and
professional schools Teacherscolleges 2
Junior colleges I^
Public Private Public Private
2 3 4 5 6 7
Number of Institutions 107 20 49 12 15
Faculty, different persons 9,968 3, 858 4,316 1,109 474 211
Undergraduate and first professlonal 101,353 43,203 37,162 14, 791 4, 273 1,924
Men45,384 20,207 17, 093 5, 462 I, 831 791
Women55,969 22,996 20, 069 9,329 2, 4a2 1,133
First time In any college 30, 026 12, 202 10,345 4,337 2,178 964
Men13,297 5, 812 4,459 1,659 951 416
Women16, 729 6,390 5, 886 2,678 1, 227 548
Graduate4,142 2,635 1,396 111
Men1, 771 958 777 36
Women2,371 1,677 619 75
Extension degree-credit enrollment-1,946 I, 762 134 50
Enrollment In termlnat-occupational educatlonI, 588 454 453 284 283 114
Earned degrees conferred:Bachelor's and first professlonal 14, 058 5,611 5,908 2, 539
Men5,667 2,414 2,439 814
Women 8,391 3,197 3, 469 1, 725
Master's, except first professional I, 450 I, 019 378 53
Men651 397 231 23
Women799 622 147 30
Doctor's7 1 6 0
Men5 1 4 0
Women2 0 2 0
I Includes community colleges, technical institutes, normal schools, and othereducational institutions restricted to less than 4 years of work on the undergraduate
or termlnal-occupational level.2 All publicly controlled.NOTE: Data on faculty are for the first term of the academic year; on students,
for fall 1963; and on degrees, for the I2-month perlod ending June 30, 1964.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, "Faculty and Other Professlonal Staff In Institutions of HigherEducation, FirstTerm I963-64";_ "Resident and Extension Enrollment In Institutions of HigherEducation, Fa111963"; and "Earned Degrees Conferred,1963-64."
HIGHER EDUCATION
Table 97.-Ficulty for resident instruction in degree-credit courses in institutions of higher education : United
I Data not avallabik2 Estimated by 0111c of Education.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, "Biennial Survey of Education in the United States"; and circulars on "Facultyand Other Professional Staff In Institutions of Higher Education."
Table 98.-Faculty and other professional staff in Institutions of higher education,by State: First term 1963-64
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education "Faculty and Other Professlinial Staff In Institutions of Higher Education, First Term
1963-64."
JaMZUMW.1.1.1.,r1,
80 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 99.-Faculty and other professional staff in in-stitutions of higher education by type of position : UnitedStates and outlying areas, first term 1959-60 to 1969-64
Type of positionNumber of positions
1959-60 1961-62 1963-64
1 2 3 4
All typos! 431, 720 475, 110 551, 804
Professional staff for general administration 19, 063 20, 686 25, 513Professional staff for student personnel serv-
ices 15, 299 16, 722 20, 734Faculty for resident instruction in degree-credit
Other faculty, including instructional staff forcourses by mail, radio, or TV, short courses,and individual lessons 11,877 11, 771 14,492
Professional library staff 9, 939 11, 025 12, 539Professional staff for organized research 37, 099 50, 058 65, 088Instructional staff for elementary or second-
ary instruction 9, 789 7,820 7, 502
The sum of the number of persons in all types of positions exceeds the numberof different persons because some professional staff serve in more than one ca-pacity. "Total number of positions" represents the sum in all types of positionsas classified in the survey questionnaires.
2 Rounded.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Office of Educa-tion, circulars on "Faculty and Other Professional Staff In institutions of HigherEducation."
Table 100.-Faculty and other professional staff in in-stitutions of higher education, by sex, and by control andlevel of Institution : United States and outlying areas,
By control of institution:Public 209, 643 235, 851 288, 165Private 173, 021 191,982 210, 194
By level of institution:4-year institutions 347, 872 389, 584 451, 820Junior colleges 34, 792 38, 249 46, 539
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Office of Education,circulars on "Faculty and Other Professional Staff in institutions of Higher Edu-cation."
HIGHER EDUCATION
Table 101,-Annual salaries of fullthne faculty members in institutions of highereducation, by academic rank, portion of year employed, and control of institu-
dens United States and outlying areas, 114445
Acalemic rankOrademic rear(HO monWs)
Fiscal Year(11-12 months) Academic rank
Total Public Note Total Public Private
1 2 3 5 6 7 1
ke1meiemes WSW entrass-Cia
Number 550 150 400 3,500 2,000 1,500 75th percentile..50th percentile..-
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Oftica of Education, preliminary data TrOrn the survey of "Higher Education Salaries, 1964-65," basedon a sample of 20 institutions.
Table 102.-bledian salaries of Instructional staff In Institutions of higher educa-tion, by type of Institution, sin of enrollment, and academic rank: United States,
1965-66 and 1967-69
311/11 of institution and size of enrollment
1
All rankscombined
2
Professors
3
Al 40er Woe eal edversitie
Public universities:10,000 students and over9.,000 to 9,999Mar than 5,000
1 Not applicable: A majority of the reporting junior colleges have not establishedprofessorial ranks.
NOTE: Salaries are for 9 months of fult.time teaching.
SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report1966-R2, "Salaries in Hither Education, 1965-66"; and Research Report 1968-R7, "Salaries in Hither Education, 196741." (Copyrieht 01966 and 1968. realm'lively, by the Natibnal Education Association. Alf rithts reserved.)
.1. ,
..
82 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 103.-Wiedian annual salaries of instructional staff and administrativeofficers in institutions of higher education: United States, 1957-59 to 1967-68
Ma %stein elan:President 12,407 13,127 15,375Vice.president 12,013 14,154 16,000Dun of the college 1,411 10,723 12,230Dean of students 7,610 1,796 9,592Dun of men 6,658 7,210 8,202Dean Qf women 6,006 6,638 7,399Dun of admissions 6,738 7,680 8,636Registrar 6,032 6,340 7,312&minus manager 7,518 II, 536 9,405Chief librarian 6,134 7,071 8,163Director of public relations 6,420 7,194 7,659Director of athletics 7 292 8 104 8,930Head football coach 7:077 7:824 8,554Head basketball coach 6,312 6,161 7,700
NOTE: Wades of instructional staff are for 9 months of full.time teaching;salaries of administrative ofRcers are usually for 11 or 12 months of service.
SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Elivision_, Research Report1968-R4, "Economic Status of the Teaching Profession, 1U7-68." (Copyright@ 1968 by the National Education Association. All rights resolved.)
HIGHER EDUCATION 83
Table 104.Number of Institutions of higher education, by typo, control, andState: Fall 1967
State TotalAU institutions Universities Ail other 4-yur
institutions2-year institutions
Public Private Public Private Public Private Public Private
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
Vaild OM
AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCalifornia
ColoradoConnecticut..DelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFlorida
GeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinois.Indiana
IowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaine
MarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippi
MluouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew Hampshire
New JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth Dakota
New howNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth Dakota
OhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode Island
South CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtah
VermontVirginiaWashingonWest VirginiaWisconsiiiWyomingU. Service Schools
Oetlyhig areas 8 4 2
State Total
Public Private
State I Local IndependentDenominational
of church Protestant RomanCatholic
Other
1 2 1 4 5 6 7 g
2,114 411 441 MI NI 111 18
44 24 5 12 33 1 2
12 3 6 1 221 8 2 2 9
189 20 80 41 26 20 2
24 10 5 3 3 342 12 14 2 14
4 2 1 1
22 1 10 2 954 6 26 12 5 5
53 20 3 10 204 1 1 1 1
11 3 3 3 1 1
124 7 26 41 26 21 3
41 4 1 10 16 10
51 3 14 10 14 9 1
49 7 17 1 17 7
38 6 2 6 16 821 10 2 3 622 7 11 1 3
46 9 11 11 2 12 1
106 25 3 54 4 19 1
87 12 24 21 16 14
57 23 7 15 12
41 9 16 3 12 1
65 7 11 14 20 13
12 6 3 1 2
24 5 7 3 6 31 1
20 6 8 6
45 8 6 8 9 14
11 7 1 1 2
199 24 38 62 12 60 3
78 19 15 6 36 2
13 8 2 1 2
80 9 7 23 22 17 2
.1 34 18 5 3 7 1
41 8 12 7 10 4
148 16 13 53 33 31 2
14 3 6 5
t 3317
87
1 72
176 2
50 10 1 14 23 2
110 22 38 9 32 99 5 1 1 2
17 5 9 357 22 1 11 21 238 5 21 2 5 5
21 11 4 5 1
58 10 17 9 5 17
6 1 57 7
Canal Zone 1 1
Guam 1 1
Pecito Rico 5 1 2 2
Virgin Islands 1 1
Includes Institutions under Federal control (7 U.S. Service Schools and CanalZone College).
Includes Institutions under the joint control of State and local_governments.3 Includes Jewish, Latter Day Saints, Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox, and
Unitarian.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare,(Iffice of Education"Opening Fall Enrollment In Higher Education, 1967"; Educahon Directory, 1963-67: Part 3, Higher Education"; and unpublished data.
HIGIOR EDUCATION 85
Table 10S.-Number of Institutions of Molter education, by type, control, andsize of enrollment: United States, fall 19S7
All Institutions Universities Another 4-yar Institutions 2-yar InstitutionsControl of Institution and size of enrollment
Humber Enrollment Number Enrollment Humber Enrollment Humber Enrollment
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
PiinolphablisININI.Under 200200 to 499500 to 9991,000 to 2,4992,500 VI 4,9995000to999910,000 to 11,111120,000 Of MOM
Palls hilllemo
Under 200200 to 499500 to 9991,000 to 2,4992,500 to 4,9995000to9999lk000 to 19,99920,000 Of MOM
Under 200200 to 499500 to 9191,000 to 2,4992,500 to 4,9995.000 to 999910,000 to 19,93920,0000f MOM
2702663833608546219
29,29492,063
277,896530,916211,620330,745215,451267,658
ooo19
2917II
ooo
1,75134,379
217,486233,972221,144
115175325333701741
20,44561,177
237,897490,941224,560113,25951,48639,514
8591511
266000
9,84930,81639,99338,29422,411
000
NOTE: Includes students whose programs of study are creditable toward abachelor's or higher degree and also students In 1-, 2-, or 3-year undergraduateprograms which ere not creditable toward a bachelor's degree but which are de-signed to (MMUS for Immediate employment Of tO provide general education.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,"Opening Fall Enrollment In Higher Education, 1967"; and unpublished data.
,
86 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 107.-Earned degrees confined by institutions of higher education, bylevel and by State: 196546 and 196647
I Degrees In architectural engineering are Included under engineering.3 Degrees In home economics education, music education, and speech correction
In included under education.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, end Welfare, Office of Educa-
tion, "Earned Degrees Conferred, 1965-66."
88 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
I I
1957-59
1961.62
1955-66
Physical EngineeringSciences
Biological Social Arts and Professional Education
Sciences Sciences Humanities Fields
Field of Doctorate
DOCTOR'S DEGREES CONFERRED BY INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION
According to a recent survey by the National Academyof Sciences, the number of doctor's degrees conferred byAmerican institutions of higher education more than dou-bled between 1957-58 and 1965-66--from approxi-mately 8,800 to 17,900. The number of degrees grantedhas been growing at an annual rate of 9.3 percent. If thisgrowth rate continues for the remainder of this decade,there will be about 25,000 doctorates awarded in theyear 1969-70.
In the nine-year period covered by the survey, moredegrees were conferred in the physical and biological sci-ences than in any other fields. Distribution by field ofstudy shows that 21.9 percent of the doctorates wereconferred in the physical sciences; 16.9 percent, biologi-cal sciences; 16.6 percent, education; 16.4 percent,social sciences; 14.0 percent, arts and humanities; 10.5percent, engineering; and 3.8 percent, professional fields,
including business administration and religion andtheology. First professional degrees, such as doctor ofmedicine, doctor of dental surgery, and doctor of veteri-
nary medicine, were not included in the tabulations. Thegrowth in the number of doctorates by field of study isshown for selected years in the accompanying chart.
During the years 1959-60 through 1965-66, a total of92,900 doctor's degrees were conferred. The degreeswere granted by 212 colleges and universities, excludinga few unknown and defunct institutions. A dispropor-tionate number of doctorates were awarded, however, bya relatively few large universities. Twenty-five institutionsconferred 50,800, or 54.7 percent of all the doctorates.while 50 colleges and universities granted 70,400, or75.8 percent of the total (see the accompanying table).
For additional information on doctor's degrees andpersons receiving them, see Doctorate Recipients fromUnited States Universities 1958-1966 (publication1489). The report may be purchased from the Printingand Publishing Office, National Academy of Sciences,Washington, D.C. 20418.
W. VANCE GRANT, specialist in educational statistics.
Figure 8.---Doctor's degrees conferred by institutions of higher education: United States, selected years, 1957-58to 1965-66
-
HIGHER EDUCATION
Table 109.-The 50 institutions of higher educationconferring the largest number of doctor's degrees:
United States, 1959-60 to 1965-66
Name of institutionDoctor's
Rank deareesorder conferred
University of California, BerkeleyUniversity of IllinoisUniversity of WisconsinHarvard universi
irColumbia Universty
New York UniversiOhio State Universi
University of
University of MinnesotaStanford 'University
Indiana UniversityPurdue UniversityMassachusetts Institute of TechnolouCornell UniversityMichigan State University
University of ChicagoYale University.University of California, Los AngelesUniversity of TexasUniversity of Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity of IowaColumbia University, Teachers CollegeNorthwestern UniversityIowa State University of Science and Technology
University of Southern CaliforniaUniversity of WashingtonPrinceton UniversityUniversity of PittsburghUniversity of North Carolina
1 3,2282 3,224a 3, 1434 3, 0075 I 2,U8
6 2, 5517 2, 3318 2,2139 2,129
10 2,009
1112131414
1617181920
2122232425
2627282930
University of Florida 31University of Maryland 32Rutgers University 33UniversiW of Missouri 34Boston University 35
Johns Hopkins University 36University of Colorado 37Duke University 38Catholic University 39University of Kansas 40
Syracuse University 41
University of Nebraska 42University of Oklahoma 43Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical
College 44California Institute of Technology 45
Florida State University 46Wayne State University 47University of Oregon 48Oklahoma State University of Agriculture and Applied
Science 49
University of Rochester 50
1,9171,9791,9111, 8331,833
1,8161,7721,6581,5521,375
1,3731,3461,2941,2781,240
1,2391,1971,194
912877
866863862835820
807797776739684
680644633630
615
614585584
572
89
Table 110.-Earned degrees conferred by institutions ofhigher education: United States, 1869-70 to 1966-67
YearEarned degrees conferred
All degreesBachelor's Master's,and first except first Doctor's
NOTE: Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,"Biennial Survey of Education in the United States"; and circulars on "EarnedDegrees Conferred."
Table 111.-Engineering degrees conferred by institu-tions of higher education_, by level: United States and
I Excludes 1,294 degrees awarded by Teachers College.
SOURCE: National Academy of Sciences, "Doctorate Recipients from UnitedStates Universities, 1958-1966."
3 4 5
45, HO52, 73241, 89330,28624,164
22,23622, 58926,30631, 21135,332
38,13437, 80835, 86034, 73533, 458
35,22636,69135, 815
4, 7984,9045,1564,1413, 743
4,1774, 4844, 7245,2325,788
6, 7537,1598,1778,9099,635
10, 82712, 05613,677
417494586586592
590599610596647
714786943
1,2071,378
1,6932,1242,303
a Also includes other postgraduate predoctoral degrees.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-
tion, Engineering Degreu, 1965-66.
90 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 112.Current.fund income of institutions of higher education, by sourceand control: United States and outlying areas, 1963-64
/Amounts in thousands of dollars/
Currentfund income, by control of institution
Source Public and private Public Private
Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent
1
icI 2 3 4 5 6 7
0
i', Total current-fund income $1, 511, 330 100. 0 $5, 311. HI 100. 0 14. 222. 151 100. 0
Educational and general income 7,830, 033 81.6 4, 396, 869 81. 9 3, 433, 164 81. 3
Tuition and fees from students 1,899. 455 19. 8 582, 865 10. 9 I, 316, 589 31. 2Federal Government 2, 170, 749 22. 6 I, 053, 794 19. 6 I, 116,955 26. 5
Research I, 797,095 18. 7 754, 450 14. I I, 042,645 24. 7Other Federal income 373,654 3. 9 299, 344 5.6 74,310 I. 8
State governments 2, 133,665 22. 2 2,077,724 38. 7 55,941 I. 3Local governments 240, 355 2. 5 230, 404 4. 3 9,950 . 2Endowment earnings 266, 214 2. 8 27, 443 . 5 238, 770 5. 7Private gifts and grants 551, 507 5. 8 113, 857 2. I 437,650 10. 4Other educational and general income 568, 088 5. 9 310, 780 5. 8 257, 309 6. I
Auxiliary enterprise income 1,610, 426 16. 8 906, 358 16. 9 704,068 16. 7Studentaid income 150, 871 I. 6 65, 453 I. 2 85, 419 2. 0
NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Higher Education Finances: Selected Trend and Summary Data."
HIGHER EDUCATION
Table 113.-Educational and general income of Institu-tions of higher education from State and local govern-ments related to total educational and general Income,
by control of Institution and by State: 1963-64
Publicly controlled Privately controlledinstitutions I institutions
Other sources(1) (I) 49 0,778 50,251 289,858 243,109 310,111
,
Net inriele II Octal al fads
Endowment funds 10Annuity fundsStudent loan funds
413 311 411 111 484, III
375,179 379,70711,854 13,63632,324 11576
444,81725,35013,144
I Tuition end fees received from veterans under Public Law 550 are reported
under student fees end not under income from the Federal Government.3 Income from the Federal Government for research et agricultural experiment
stations admlnistered by land-grant institutions was reported under land-grant
institutions and not under research.3 Data not separately collected.
Includes Federal aid received through State channels end regional compacts.
3 Income from State end local governments tabulated under State.
0 Does not include separately organized professional schools, for which data
were not collected.I Spectrally designated or earmarked funds.I Data not collected.
Does not include interfund transfers.10 Includts funds functioning es endowment.
NOTE: Because of rounding, detell may not add to totals.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, end Wolfe_ ,ro Office of Educe-
lion, surveys of "Financlal Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education."
Table 116.-Estimated tuition and fees and room and board rates In Institutionsof higher education, by type and control of institution: United States, 1951-59
to 1968-69
Year and control of Institution
1
Tuition and required fees Board rates Charges for dormitory rooms
All institu- 4-year 2-year All institu- 4-year 2-year All Institu- 4-year 2-year
NOTE: Data are for the entire academic year and ere average charges per full-
time resident degree-credit student. They have not been adjusted for changes In
the purchasing power of the dollar.
SOURCE: Estimated from Office of Education surveys of "Hither Education BasicStudent Charges" and "OpenIng Fail Enrollment In Hither Education.'
96 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 117.-Median tuition and requiredfees forfullstime undemraduate studentsin institutions of higher education, by region, and by type and control of institu.
tion: United States and outlying areas, 196344
Region and control of Institution
Type of institution
Allinstitutions Universities
Liberalarts colleges
Teacherscolleges
Tech.nologicalschools
Theologicalschools
Otherprofessional
schools
Juniorcolleges
1 3 4 5 S 7
11161:Public $191 4268 $195 6227 $250 6521 4128
Private 734 1,200 107 650 1,151 $311 151 5211
NM Abele:Public. 298 400 159 249 250 419 314
Ideateest Ms aul
193 1,411 1,015 1,226 1,419 41$ 911 71$
Public 191 211 250 237107
Private 708 950 806 518 850 307 739 515
OMPublic 115 256 210 212 326 650 124
Private 556 1,050 624 384 446
WebliibelIro
Puc 141 232 134 III 176 61
Private 653 700 755 582 550 439 900 414
NOTE: Tuition and fees are for the entire academic year; medians for the public institutions are tor residents only.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Higher Education, BasicStudent Charges, 116344."
Table 1160-Median charges for dormitory rooms and median board rates ininstitutions of higher education, by typo and control of institution: United States
and outlying areas, 196344
Type of institution
Charges for dormitory MOM Board rates 3
Public institutions Private institutions Public institutions Private institutions
Men Women Men Women Men
6
Women Men Women
1 2 3 4 5 7 9
Altos 1218 1214 1237 $241 $311 $ill 1426 1442
Universities 250 210 345 350 446 445 503 502
Liberal arts colleges 198 204 250 259 366 362 436 443
Tabl 120.-Current.fund xpenditures of institutions of higher education, bypurpose and by State: 1963-64-Continued
C. PRIVATELY CONTROLLED INSTITUTIONS
flo thousands of dollars]
State
Educational arid general expendituresTotal
MAINcurrent-fund General ad- Instruction Physical Other enbirprbe Student-aid
upon& Total ministration and depart- Libraries plant opera- Organized educational expendl- exPluilturas educational and gonna menial tion and research and general tures tures
and general expense research maintenance expendi-tures
Data not collected separately.=Data not tabulated separately.3 Includes expenditures from plant and current funds, gifts and grantsof plant
assets, and increases in value due to reappraisal or other adjustments.
NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, surveys of "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education."
HIGHER EDUCATION
Table 122.-Personal Income, 1963, related to educa-tional and general expenditures for higher educationand to educational and general funds received from
State and local governments, by State: 1963-64
Personal
Educational and general funds, higher edu-cation I
State income1963 Total
(millions expendituresof dollars) (thousands
of dollars)
ReceivedPercent from State Percent
of and local ofpersonal governments personalincome (thousands income
SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, "Hight Education Finances: Selected Trend and Summary Data." U.S. De-partment of Commerce, Office of Business Economics, "Survey of Current Bus!.ness," April 1968.
102 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 123.-Property of institutions of higher education: United States andoutlying areas, 1909-10 to 196344
MINN el elmA bads. (I) (I) (I) (I) 1, 110, 215 2, 114, 110 4, 111, 741
Data not collected.Data not tabulated separately.
3 Includes funds functioning as endowment.4 Annuity funds included with endowment funds.
NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, surveys of "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education."
Table 124.-Physlcal plant value per student, Institutions of higher education,by control and level: United States and outlying areas, 1962 and 1964
Principal at end of year 135, 337, 498 50, 960, 623 84, 376, 875
Loans granted during year.... 120,601, 593 57,980,184 62,621,409
Loans repaid during year 11, 549, 414 5, 630, 893 5, 918, 521 Loans granted during year._ 35,402, 584 17, 370,718 18,031,866
Loans outstanding, end ofLoans repaid during year 26, 754, 376 14, 560, 460 12, 193, 916
year 412_, 402_, 25! 199, 731, 232 212,671,019 Loans outstanding, end of
Unioaned funds, end of year 25,325, 593 11,958,902 13,366,691 year 81, 185,642 26, 205,975 54, 979,667
All ether Ism feels:Unioaned funds, end of year 54,203,390 24, 778, 562 29,424,828
Principal at beginning of year. 121,393,733 44,125,806 77,267,927
NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not odd to totals.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Wee of education, "Higher Education Finances: Selected Trend and Summary Oats."
,?
104 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 127.-Selcted data for land-grant institutions onstudents and finances: United States and outlying areas,
1956-57 and 1966-47
Item 1956-57 1966-67
1 2 3
Open lag Dalt) einlIment:Total enrollment.First-time enrollment
'748,509121,807
2 1,130,9072 214,460
Regular Federal appropriations 510, 101, 115 1142, 352, 313
Funds for instruction and facilities (Morrill-Nel-son and Bankhood-Jones funds) 5,051, 500 14, 500,000
Funds for research (experiment stations).... 27,370,868 48,946,340
Hatch funds, as amended 26, 890, 685 47, 630, 250Research under Agricultural Marketing Act. 480.183 1,316,090
Funds for cooperative extension 48, 484, 317 78, 906, 043
Smith-Lever funds (Act of 1914 asamended) 47,313,111 77,086,910
Extebsion under Agricultural MarketingAct 1,171,206 1,819,133
Endowment looms under land.grant funds 3,321,705 8,174,371
From 1862 land-grant funds 2,233,594 3,753,500From other Federal land-grant funds 1,095, Ill 2,420, 871
Degree-credit only.2 Includes students in undergraduate programs which are not chiefly creditable
toward a bachelor's degree but which are designed to prepare for immediateemployment or to provide general education.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, "Statistics of Land-Grant Colleges and Universities, Year Ended June 30,1957"; "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1966"; and "Statistics onCondition of Land-Grant Funds," 1967 Report.
Table 128.-Financial statistics of land-grant institutions: United States andoutlying areas, 1953-54 and 1963-64
767,778 2,405,751Educational and general 749, 043 2, 331, 504Educational and general74, 017 248, 013Student fees 57,381 199,905
Federal Government: General administration and general expenseLand-grant regular appropriations 50,552 119,756 Instruction and departmental research 254,240 657, 746
Research 128,289 704,173 Libraries 18,204 54,787
Other 10,903 56,144 Plant operation and maintenance 71,296 163,868
State governments 390,692 985,326 Organized research 203,149 868, 537
Private gifts and grants 30,204 81,632 Other educational and general expenditures 144,773 386,611
All other sources 83,121 210,707135,910 334,314Auxiliary enterprises
Additions to plant during year 158,637 614,944Value of physical plant at end of year 1,963,247 5,390,906
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of Land-Grant Colleges and Universities, Year Ended June 30, 1954," and"Selected Statistics of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges," 1965 Report.
Chapter IVFederal Programs for Education and Related Activities
Federal land grants provided under the NorthwestOrdinance of 1787 represent the first instance ofU.S. Government financial assistance for educa-tion. With this enactment, the National Govern-ment embarked upon a program of educationalsupport unique among national governments inits commitment to State and local autonomy andin the responsibility it has assumed for a publicfunction of national interest.
A variety of programs and procedures are usedby the Federal Government to support its numerouseducational activities. These procedures includegrants of land, financial grants and loans, alloca-tions of surplus commodities and federally ownedproperty, operation of special educational pro-grams and institutions, and the cost of servicesoi contracts. Beneficiaries of this highly complexFederal educational involvement probably include,directly or indirectly, currently or potentially,every person in this country plus many personsfrom other countries. These programs may befor the purchase of research and training servicesin educational institutions; for support of indivi-duals for whom there is a special Federal responsi-bility; for support of schools in areas whereFederal activities would result in undue burdenson school services without such support; for sup-port of vocational educatiqn, foreign language,and similar special areas; or for other purposes.Regardless of the specific purpose involved, theseprograms affect the financing of educationalprograms and services and the development ofthe manpower resources of the Nation. A capsuleview of the history of Federal educational activitiesis provided in the following summary listing ofselected Federal educational legislation:
Vat Program
1717 Northwest Ordinanceauthodzed land grants for the establishment ofeducational Institutions.
1162 First Mouill Actauthorized public land grants to the States for theestablishment and maintenance of agricultural and mechanical colleges.
1867 Department of Education Actauthorized the establishment of the Officeof Educetion.
Tear Program
1514 Ald to State nautical schoolsprovides funds for State nautical ochWs.100 Second Actprovided for vents for support of instracvan
In the evicultural and mechankal col1917 Smith-Nees Actprovided for grants to States for support of vocational
educaUon.INS Vocational Rehabilitation Actauthorked funds for rehabilitation d World
Wu I veteans1919 Federal surplrus propertyauthodzed use of Federal surplus property by
educational Institutions.1520 Smithillankheed Agteuthorized grants to States for vocational rahabilita-
Uon programs.1933 School lunch assistance In school hatch programs.
The use of su us farm commodities In Wool lunch Programs begun In1939 and the &Waal School Lunch Act al 118 continued and expand-ed this suistance.
1935 Ilankheatklonts Actmade grants to States for agricultural uperimentstations.
1137 National Cancer InsUtute Actestablished Public Health Service Fallow-ship prouam. Subsoluentlye fellowships ware authorized In Initiationconcerning other agencies.
1940 School Milk Programprovided funds for cost of milk served to schoolchildren.
1941 Amendment to Lanham Act of 1940authodzedfederal aid for construc-tion, maintenance, and operation of schools In federally Impacted UHLSIM /SWIM was continued under Public Laws 115 and $74, IlstCongraskIn 1150.
1943 Vocational Rehabilitation Actprovidedassistance to disabled veterans.School Lunch Indemnity Planprovided funds for local school lunch food
purchases.1944 Servicemen's Readjustment Actprovide0 assistance for education of
veterans.Surplus Property Actauthorized transfer of surplusproperty to educationel
InsUtutions.1946 Ceorge-Barden Actexpanded Federal support of vocational education.194$ United States Information and Educational Exchange Actprovided for
the Interchange of persons, knOwledge, and skills between the UnitedStates and other countries.
1949 Federal Property and Administrative Services Actprovided for donationof surplus property to educational Institutions and for other publk uses.
1950 Public Laws 115 end 174provided assistance for construction (P.L. 115)and operation (P.L. 174) of schools In federally affected areasHousing Actauthorized los ns for co nstruction of college housigfacilities.
1954 School Milk Programprovided funds tor purchase of milk for Mod lunchprogranis.
Cooperative Research Actauthorized cooperative arrangements withuniversities, colleges, and State education agencies for educationalesearch.
Nationral Advisory Committee on Education Actestablished a NationalAdvisory Committee on Education to recommend to the Secretary of theDepartment needed studies of national concern in the field of educationeiro to propose appropriate action Indiceted by such studies.
1956 Library Services Actauttiorized grants toStates for extension and Improve-ment of rural public library services.
1957 Practical Nurse Training Actprovided grants to States for practical nurse
training.19511 National Odense Education Actprovided assistance to State and local
school systems for strengthening instruction In science, mathematics,modern foreign languages, end other critical subjects; Improvement ofState statistical services; guidance& counselina and testing services andtraining institutes; higher education student loans end fellowships;foreign lemma Institutes and advanced foreign language study an$tralnini Provided by COMM and universities; experimentation, anddisseminsUon of information on mom effective utilization of television,motion picture. and related media for educational purposes; and ea-cational education for technical occupations necessary to the nationaldfense.
Publeic Law 15-926Federal assistance for training teachers of the handl.ca_pped authorized.
Public Law 55-105authorized I loan service of captioned films for thedeaf.
1961 Area Redevelopment Actincluded provisions for training or ;straining ofpersons in redevelopment areas.
105
106 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Year PrOVIIII
1%2 Manswer Oeveloitinent and Trainine Actprovided tralnIng In new andImproved skills Tor the unemployeo and underemployed.
Public Law 17-477provIded grants for the construction of educstionaltelevision broadrasUng WO&
Mivation and Refuels Assbtance Act of 11112authodzed loans, advancesand rants for education and trebling of refute's.
INS Ranh Professions Educational Auistance Actpmvided funds to expandtuchlna fadlitin and for loans to students In the health professions.
Vocational Education Act of INSIncreand Federal suppott of vocationaleducation, Includine support of residential vocational schools, vocationalworlostidy programs, and research, Wahl, and demonstrations Invocational educatiom
Higher Education Facilities Act of 19113authorized grants and loans forclauroomp, libraries, and laboratodes in public community colleges andtohnksi Institutes fa wall as undergraduate and graduate facilities Inother institutions of Maher education.
IVA CMI Act of 1114authinized the Commissioner to (I) arrange,throu grants or contracts with InstituUons of higher education, for theopera n of snort-term or regular session Institutes for special trainingto Improve ability_ of elementary and secondary school Instructionalstaff to deal effectively with specid education problems occasioned trydesegregation; (2) make grants to school boards to pay, In whole or inPort the cost of provIdIng Inservice training In dealing with problemsIncident to desegregation; to provide school hoards technical assistenceIn desegregation; and required nondiscrimination in federally assistedprograms.
Economic Opportunity Act of 1Wautborized grants for college work-studyprograms for students of lovrincome families; established a lob Corpsprogram and authorizes support for work-training Programs to Drowneducation and vocational training and work experience for unemployedyouths; provided training and work experience opportunities In welfareprograms; authorized support of Community/ Action Programs, IncludingHolster% Follow Through, Upward Bound, education and trainingactivities; authorized the establishment of the Volunteers In Serviceto America (VISTA).
INS Elementary and Secondary Education Actauthorizederants for elementaryand secondary school programs ler children of Ms-Income families;school library resources, tutbooksand otter instructional materials forschool children; supplementary educational centers and services;strengthening State education agencies; and educational research andresearch training.
Health Professions Educational Assistance Amendmentsauthorizedscholarships to aid needy students in the health Professions and grantsto Improve the quality of teaching in schools of medicine, dentist%osteopathy, optometry and podiatry.
Higher Education Act of 1%3provided grants for university communityservice programs, college library insistence and library trainine andresearch; strengthening developing institutions; educational oppor-tunity grants; insured sladent loans; teacher training programs: andundergraduate instructional equipment Established a National TeacherCorps and provided for graduate tucher training fellowships.
Medical Library Assistance Actprovided assistance for construction andimprovement of health sciences libraries.
National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Actauthorized grantsand loans for projects in the creative and performing arts, and for research,training, and scholarly publications in the humanities.
National Technical Institute for the Olaf Actprovided for the establish-ment, construction, equipping and operation of a residential school forpostsacondaly education and technical training of the deaf.
National Vocational Student Loan IMMO Actencouraged State andnonprofit private institutions and organizations to establish adequateloan Ineurance programs to assist students to attend post-secondarybusiness, trade, technical, and other vocational schools.
Disaster Relief Actprovides for assistance to local education agencies tohelp mut exceptional cost resulting from a mar disaster.
I* International Education Actprorided grants institutions oi highereducation for the establishment, strengthening, and operation of centersfor research and training in international studies and the internationalaspects of professional and other fields of study.
National Sea Grant College and Program Actauthorized the establishmentand operation of Sea Grant Colleges and provams by initiating andsupporting programs of education and research in the various fieldsrotating to the development of marine resOultes.
Adult Education Actauthorized grants to States for the encouragementand expansion of Ideational programs for adults including training ofteachers of adults and demonstrations In adult education (previouslyPart of the Economic Opportunity Act of INS).
Model Secondary School for the Deaf Actauthorized the establishmentand operation, by_ Gallaudet College, of a model secondary school forthe deaf to serve the National Capital clean.
Elementary and Secondary Amendment of 1966in addition to modifyingexisting programs, authorized grants to assist States in the initiation,expansion, and improvement of programs and Fonds for the educationof handicapped children at the preschool, elementary and secondaryschool levels.
IMP Education Professions Development Actamends the Hither EducationAct of INS for tke mean of improving the quality of teaching and tohelp mut critical shortaess of adequately trained educational personnelby authorizing support for the development of information on nerds foreducational personnel, training and retraining opportunities responsiveto changing manpower needs, attracting a greater number of qualifiedpawns into the teaching profession, attracting parsons who can stimu-late creativity in the arts and other skills to undertake short-term orlontterm assignments in education, and helping to make educationalPersonnel training programs more responsive to the needs of the schoolsand colleges.
Yur Pintas
Public Broadcasting Act of INFestablishes a Clneration fer PublicBroadcasting to nave major responsibility in channeling Moroi fundsto noncommercial radio and television stations, program ructiongroups end ETV networks directly or Hauer contract, undue research,demonstration, or (miffing la matters related to /10110111MINC1/1 broad-casting; and authorizes grants for construction of educational radio aswell as television facilities.
I KS Elementary and Secondary Amendments of 157in addition to modifyingexisting programs. authorized support of regional resume centers foreducation of handicapped children, model centers and services for deafblind children and recruitment of personnel and dissemination of In.formation on education of the handicapped; technical assistance In edu-cation to rural erns; support of dropout prevention protects; and supportof bilingual education programs.
There is no single total for Federal funds foreducation that is meaningful for all purposes, butthere are many possible totals which may beconstructed to serve particular needs. This multi-plicity in concept is probably due to many varia-tions in the kind of assistance provided, themanner of distributing assistance, and the pro-gram beneficiary as each program is legislativelytailored for its special purpose. However, table129 gives one summary which the Office of Ethca-don has found useful. Part I of this table, FederalFunds Supporting Education in Educational Insti-tutions includes those programs more frequentlyconsidered in the same general category as Federalaid to education; part II includes data for someother programs which may also be considered indetermining Federal funds for education.
Part I of table 129 is divided into a separategrants portion and a loans portion because of theobvious difference which requires repayment ofloans but not grants.
In contrast with table 129 showing programamounts, tables 130 and 131 show where themoney comes from (the Federal agencies respon-sible for the various educational programs) andthe amounts for the separate States. Althoughthese tables .do not allow direct comparison withone another as to amounts, they do reveal thatthe Federal role in education and related activitiesis a concern of many of the Federal agencies.And as shown by table 130, the dollar impactof Federal aid for education is relatively largein all the States and consequently has a significantinfluence upon the educational establishments inthe States.
A somewhat different view of the Federal educa-tional involvement is brought into focus by table132, reproduced from the National ScienceFoundation publication, Federal Funds for Research,Development, and Other Science Activities XVI. If, forexample research is considered an education-related function, then this table shows that exten-siv e federally supported educational activity istaking place in institutions other than those
FEDERAL PROGRAMS OF EDUCATION
formally described as educational, including indus-trial establishments, federally operated facilities,
and various nonprofit organizations.Programs of the Office ofEducation are presented
in tables 133 and 194. These programs may beof interest to educators and others in their attemptto identify possible sources of Federal assistance.To the extent possible from available data sources,the distribution of these Federal funds amongthe States is provided in table 194.
Somewhat different from the tables identified
107
in the above discussion is table 135 for "Fellow-ship, traineeship, and training grant programsof Federal agencies. . . ." No totals are pro-vided for this table because the totals would bemisleading. However, a measure of the magnitudeof Federal support for fellowships, traineeships, andtraining grants for specialized training is permitted.Higher education assistance programs, such asthose for the education and training of veterans,equal opportunity grants, work-study grants, andstudent loans, are not included in this table.
Table 1290-Federal funds for education and related activities: Estimatedobligations for fiscal years 1962 to 1969
pn thousands of dollars)
Typed support, level, and 01011111 area 1912 1963 1161 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9
MT I. Felial Fats heptiirg Egamtise IsEt Mud laglidiNs
Total grants end loans$2,173,100 $2, 507,700 $2,70,300 83,608,700 0,779,578 81, 326, 272 88, 7N, 400 89,162,031
1,162,111 mums Liskloi Liman 1,1n.E1It
113,06 1.111,761 1111.117OWN.
Oroodiryomisy ANS, 114,416 10,111 111311 142,1119 2,40,211 8,114,116 1,02,146 1,311,11-6
School assistance in federally affected areas 304,900 330,300 323,100 407,600 433,900 469,131 439,131 410,335
Agricultural extension serviceEducational television facilities
59, 300 63, 000 79,4005,200
85,4005,100
90,70015,200
92,8243, 304
96,6024,000
101,00533, 017
Education in Federal correctional institutions 2,100 2,500 2,900 3, 500 3,600 6, 341 8,343 9 027
Other education and training/I 7,000 8,300 10,600 11, 000 12,800 15,199 16, 389 14662
Value of surplus property transferred:Acquisition cost of personal properly 244,900 223,800 268,700 277, 300 266,400 215, 509 257,075 316,400
Fair value of real property 21,000 21,100 15, 100 17,900 15,100 16,684 24, 187 25,610
1 includes Office of Economic Opportunity and Indian education programs.includes supplemental centers, school library materials, strengthening State
education agenchn, captioned films for the deaf, dissemination of information,school counseling and testing, and American Printing House for the Blind.
includes Elementary and Secondary Education Act Title I, handicapped chil-dren dropout prevention, bilingual education, Kendall School for the Deaf, and
dev*pment facilities in redevelopment areas.Mated secondary school portion.
includes District of Columbia, Canal Zone, territories and dependencies, Cubanrefugees, and payments in lieu of taxes by the Atomic Energy Commission and theTennessee Valley Authority
Includes elementary-secondary program planning and evaluation, modelsecondary school, educational exchange, National Science Foundation sciencee ducation, Peace Corps, and National Aeronautics and Space Administratione lementary-secondary school program.
/ Data ere from "F'ederal Funds for Research, Development, and Other ScientificActivities," annual publication, National Science Foundation. Includes university-operated research centers.
1969 estimates not available. Amounts are for 1968.includes vocational education except secondary school portion. Manpower
Development and Training Act training and subsistence and technical institutefor the deaf.
10 includes Office of Economic Opportunity programs for vocational-technical andcontinuing education, Socialand Rehabilitation Service, work-incentive activities,Cuban refugee assistance, development facilities in redevelopment areas, andIndian education.
II includes Social Security education and training, Public Health Service trainingfor disease prevention and environmental control, training for law enforcementpersonnel, Atomic Energy Commission nuclear training courses, and Departmentof Housing and Urban Development Community development program.
11 includes National Institutes of Mental Health mental health training; Socialand Rehabilitation Service rehabilitation training and rehabilitation facilities and
WOOS; Department of Commerce development planning, technical assistance,and research; and Small Business Administration training program. Similar infor-mation not available prior to 1967.
U Includes National Defense Education Act student loans, Insure./ student loanadvances, loans for nurse training and health professions, and Cuban refugeeloans.
Is includes Department of Housing and Urban Development college housing loansand Office of Education college facilities loans.
is Data derived from "Federal Funds for Research, Development, and otherScientific Activities," annual publication, National Science Foundation.
//Separate figures not provided for 1967, 1968, and 1969 but included in "Pro-fessional training, militant."
11 Includes Library of Congress, Smithsonian institution, General ServicesAdministration, National Archives and Records Service, National AgriculturalLibrary, and Government Printing Office depository library and catalog and indexactivities.
II Includes special foreign currency education research and training, PublicHealth Service National Center for Health Statistics, English language teaching inPoland, U.S. Information Agency education assistance, National Science Founda-tion international education activities, Atomic Energy Commission internationaleducation activities, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration interna-tional education activities.
11 Includes Department of Libor apprenticeship and training support, Depart-ment of Commerce State technical services program, and Department of theinterior mine safety training.
Source: Compiled by the National Center for Educational Statistics, Office ofEducation, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, from informationIn t p "Spacial Analysis, Budget of the United States," Buret of the BudgetRe data are from "Federal Funds for Research, Development, and OtherSc Activities XVI," National Science Foundation.
FEDERAL PROGRAMS OF EDUCATION 109
Table 130.-Federal grants and loans for education and related activities, byFederal agency providing assistance and by State: Fiscal year 1167
State Total, allagencies
Department of Health, Education,and Welfare
Depart-Depart- mint ofmint of HousingAgricul- and thbanfurs' Develop-
See table 134 for identification of programs included.Derived from Public Health Service preliminary tabulations for research con-
tracts ($533,780,000) end construction awards ($197.307,000) to education insti-tutions and Public Health Service fellowships and traineethlos ($374,988,000)plus distributions by the National Library of Medicine ($2,14000).
Includes Social and Rehabilitation Service, Office of Vocational Rehabilitationresearch end demonstrations (121.IH2.000) and Office of Vocational Rehabilitationtraining and trainetship 029,700,000); Cuban refugee education assistance(113.743,000) and American Printing House for the Blind (3963,000).
Includes school lunch and milk mourns. special tabulations ($435,643,000);agricultural extension service ($87,924,000); and cooperative state research
054,247,000)."Amount is for college housing loans (special tabulation).
Amount is for Indian education (special tabulation).'Amount is for Manpower and Development Training Act.
Includes Atomic Energy Commission costs incurred by collegeksnd universities,1967 Atomic Energy Cominicgion fiscal report 0128,408,000) and education andtraining expenditures 010,995,000).
Includes National Science Foundation research grants and fellowship awards.
10 Includes special tabulation figures from Office of Economic Opportunity for
upward bound ($28,162,000), adult basic education 05,823,000), head start0313,020,000), and fob corps (3186,850,000), plus $26,717,000 for adult basiceducation administered by_ the U.S. Office of Education for Office of Economic
Opportunity and $44,988,000 for job corps administered by the Department of
Labor for Office of Economic Opportunity." Figures from special tabulation provided by the Veterans Administration."Includes Department of Commerce, State marine schools ($916,000) and State
technical services ($2,058,000); Department of Defense, Civil defense ($6.540,000);National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities ($8,588,000); General
Services Administration, national historical grants ($405,000).
NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.
SOURCE: Compiled by the National Center for Educational Statistics, U.S. De-
partment of Health, Education, and Welfare. Except for other data sources asnoted, figures were obtained from preliminary tabulations or data to be published
In the "Annual Report of the Secretary of the Treasury, 1967."
110 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 131.-Federal funds for education and related activities, by agency:Fiscal years 1967 to 1969
Department of AgricultureDepartment of CommerceDepartment of DefenseDepartment of Houslng and Urban DevelopmentDepartment of the InteriorInmaitment of JusticeDepartment of LaborDepartment of State
Agency for International DevelopmentAtomic Energy Commission
Department of Transportation
General Services AdministrationGovernment Printing OfficeLibrary of CongressNational Foundation on the Arts and the HumanitiesNational Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNational Science FoundationOffice of Economic OpportunityPeace CorpsSmall Business AdministrationSmithsonian InstitutionTennessee Valley Authority.U.S. Information AgencyVeterans AdministrationOther
Program amounts not included above:Total
Research and development (all Federal agencies)School lunch and milk larogram (Department of Agriculture)Surplus property distributions (Department of Health, Education, and Welfare)Loan programs (Departments of Health, Education, and Welfare, and Housing and
Urban Development)
4,125, 52i
(570, 80796, 35342,711)19, 51818,147
1,534,240600
199,5858,074
402, 98061,93425,761
204,56414,3994,450
341,350655
11,910121,174
199, 825929, 28142,297
90819,1621,7257 553
431 78045, 519
4, 457, 94i(3,
(669, 137(147, 778
45,315)
17,2601,617,135
5,250193,51013,262
391, 40759,47229,692
20414:521003
4,4501,532
40,64213,0034,095
210. 6561, 023, 020
38,7681,007
191:065725
7,434514,14249,467
4, 163, 332(3,293,040)
(572,042)(214, 559)(53,691)
13015,926456
1,727.0189.250
20131:M691
425, 82663,43227,069
24140:340375
4,6501.870
2444:000526
4,087206, 400
1, 34225:061190
1,08434,461
2,0007.465
701,14151,907
3,205, 830(2.705,184
(376, 295267
45,01417.7697,973
1,473,78454
1775:M3561
285, 27363.96324,902
142,99314,3914,4991,555
30,2579,719
27,322180,965790,12150,017
90819.0121,7257,114
352,17345, 519
3, 754.989(3,127,856
(462, 582(116, 338(48,213)122,99419,034
1,654,1831071:657145
9,302454.69960,78028,849
143,90013,9174,4991.532
40, 43816,00026,278
191,9001,045,475
40,930
271,61321,8757,008
587,01949,467
3,917, 578(3,154, 312
(523,759(162, 508(76,999134, 31522,200
1,719,4056,229
203, 45910,742
442, 36861,080
127541:,609300741
14,773
1,87043, 5262113:000317
197,1001,251,854
40,2141,084
36,0142,0006,938
701,14151,907
3,727,503 3,139,151 4,081,340
t
2, 304, 222448,005232,193
743,053
2, 439,077477,868281,262
641,644
12, 439, MO499,608342,010
780,722
1 Pica 1969 figures are not available, the previous year's estimate has been Scientific Activities Volume XVI." National Science Foundation; school lunch andused. milk program amounts estimated from the appendix of "The Budget of the United
States Government, 1969;" surplus property estimates provided by the Office ofSOURCE: Agency data are based on "Special Analysis, Budget of the United Surplus Property Utilization, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
States, 1969," Bureau of the Budget, except for the following: "Research anddevelopment" from "Federal Funds for Research, Development, and Other
FEDERAL PROGRAMS OF EDUCATION
Table 132.-Summary of FR. and D. plant:
Wend funds for research, development, andFiscal years 1966, 1967, and 1968
1In millions of dollars)
Item 1966Estimates
1967 1968
Total cremetwes ter ram* arideureal.aul L & NOM.
Research and developmentR. & H. plant.
Total elligatimis ter raw& dethrone%mid & 1). Oat.
Research and development
Total research
Basic researchApplied research
Development
R. & O. plant.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Performers:Federal Government.Industrial firmsResearch centers administered by in-
dustrial firmsUniversities and colleges.Research centers administered by uni-
versities and colleges.Other nonprofit institutionsResearch centers administered by other
nonprofit institutionsOther domesticForeign
Research:Performers:
Federal Government.Industrial firmsResearch centers administered by
industrial firmsUniversities and collegesResearch centers administered by
universities a id collegesOther nonprofit institutionsResearch centers edministered by
Federal GovernmentIndustrial firmsResearch centers administered by
industrial firmsUniversities and collegesResearch centers administered by
universities and collegesOther nonprofit institutionsResearch centers administered by
other nonprofit institutionsOther domesticForeign
R. & 0. PLANTFederal civilian or military installationsNon-Federal site:
Universities end collegesResearch centers edministered by uni-
versities and collegesOther non-Federal sitesForeign
Actual,1966
Estimates
1967 1968
122. 1 $26. 3 $39.1
540. 4 603. 2 669. 6
290. 3 326. 2 353. 4
208.7 232.9 268. 741. 4 44.2 47.6
53.4 58. 4 64. 31,201.7 1,354.0 1,529.8
973.6 1,093.6 1, 279.560. 4 62.9 63. 3
167.6 197. 5 187. 0
44. 3 50.8 59. 24.2 7.6 8. 4
1,044. 7 1,093.0 1,232.51,372.5 1,391.1 1,676.2
41. 9 39. 6 31.8
U524. 5 567.5 616.1
185. 1 172. 7 174. 2
152.7 167.0 1923
31. 3 40. 3 40.852. 2 55.9 61. 522. 2 22.2 26.0
L.
749. 4 OIL 0 914.8
79. 3 80.2 87. 5602.8 675.8 751.067. 3 72.0 76. 3
47.0 48.8 60.12, 439. 8 2,463. 2 2, 851.7
867. 9 758. 8 760. 5
62. 2 61. 5 73. 2
1,509. 7 1,643.0 2,018.0
121. 3 126. 8 150. 2
69. 4 82.5 U. 2
1,903.3 1,932.5 1,802.07,214. 2 7, 993.6 7,509. 2
287. 8 310. 1 332.075. 3 85. 8 99. 9
241. 7 231 7 254. 3
153. 5 161. 4 177. 2
134.6 140.9 144. 8
10.0 9. 5 10. 7
12. 8 13.0 13. 4
629. 0 647. 4 575. 7
162.9 175. 2 167. 3
31. 1 27. 8 25.034. 4 59. 8 618
. 9 1. 1 2.9
NOTE: Because of rounding, derail may not add to totals.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation. "Federal Funds for Research, Develop-
ment, and Other Scientific Activities XVI."
r.,O15=......Xnrr,VCMVSN4.,
112 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 133.-Federal obligations for programs administered by the Office of Education: Fiscal years 1967 and 1966tIn thousands of dollars)
Program 1967 1968
1 2 3
TSIalSM$aWNIjgaitslNN
Elementary end Secondary Education Act...... ......
Title I. Educationally deprived childrenTitle II. School library materials.... ........Title III. Supplementary centers and servicesTitle V. Strengthening State departments of
54,112,422 $4,1113,1111
1,348,507 1, 522,1,10
1,052,592101,875162,397
1,191,00099,234
117,176
education 29,218 29,750Title VI: Preschool end school programs 2,425 14,250
Title V. National teacher corpsTitle VI. Undergraduate instructional assistance:
Television equipmentOther equipment
Education professions development activities
$111, 268134,10015,63211,306
1, 47012,936
68,756
$137,027134,30045,87713,500
1,50013,000
77, 250
Institutes end training programs for encourage-ment of educational careers 35,488 37,750
Experienced teacher fellowships 12, 420 15,000Prospective teacher fellowships 12,500 12,500Strengthening graduate schools of education 5,000 7,500Vocational education institutes. 848 2,000Institutes and training programs for college
Education aid for Cuban children and adults 10,730 14,127Loans for Cuban college students 3,144 3,474Institutes 296 100
Educational television facilities t, 724 0
Civil rights educational activities 6,508 6, 500
Institutes 2,651 930Grants to school boards 3,857 3,130Technical assistance 0 2, 440
Civil defense adult education program 3,766 3.910Fulbright-Hays Act 2,996 3,000Research and training (foreign currency program) 1,725 213International teacher exchange program 1.000 0Office of Education administration and services (ap-
propriated funds) 38,402 42, 353
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office ofEducation.
FEDERAL PROGRAMS OF EDUCATION 113
Table 134.-Federal grants and loans administered by the Offics of Education,by program and by State: Fiscal year 1967
1ln thousands of dollars)
State Total
Elementaryand
SecondaryEducation
ActPrograms
Aid tofederallyaffectedareas
National Educa-Defense Higher Higher tional Library
1 Includes cooperative research_($1,868,000).2 includes educational TV ($7,979,000), foreign language area study(52,272,000),
equal educational opportunities proeram ($6,892,000), and arts and humanitieseducational opportunities grants and loans ($732 000).
a Includes equal opportunity grants (854,330,00Q), fellowships for teachers and
strangthening teacher education programs ($9,697,000), end college work-studyprogram ($103,700,000) for which State figures ere not currently available.
NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.
SOURCE: Compiled by the National Center for Educational Statistics, Office of
Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Except for other
data sources as noted, figures were obtained from preliminary tabulations or date
to be published in the "Annual Report of the Secretary of the Treasury, 1967."
114 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 135.-Fellowship, traineeship, and training grant programs of Federalagencies: Obligations and number of participants, fiscal year 1967
(Amounts in thousands of dollarsi
Agency and program
1
Deeadmeat ef Health, Education, aid WelfareOffice of Education:
National teaching fellowshipsLibrarian trainingEducational improvement for the handicappedResearch trainingForeign language trainingCivil rights institutesAdult basic education teachers training
Public Health Service:Health manpower student assistanceDisease prevention and environmental control:
Chronic diseasesAir pollutionUrban and industrial health
Community health servicesNational institutes of Health:
Nationa Cancer instituteNationa Heart instituteNationa institute of Dental ResearchNationa institute of Arthritic and Metabolic DiseasesNationa institute of Neurological Diseases and BlindnessNationa institute of Allergy and infectious DiseasesNations institute of General Medical SciencesNationa Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentEnvironmental Health SciencesNationa institutes of Health general research and services
National institute of Mental HealthNational Library of Medicine
Social and Rehabilitation Service:Social services trainingMaternal and child health and welfare:
Health and related care of mothers and childrenChild welfare personnel
Development of programs for agingRehabilitation research and traliiing
Departmeat el Hosing aid Nan Develemmat
Metropolitan development-urban mass transportation management training
Department el the MetierWater supply and pollution control
Departadat el lustkeLaw enforcement assistance
Departmeet ef State
Center for cultural and technical interchange between East and WestExchange of persons
Degartmeat of Traespertation
Federel Highway Administration engineers and program managers training
Atomic Emmy MINIUMLaboratory graduate fellowshipsNuclear traineeshipsPostdoctoral fellowshipsSpecial fellowships in health physics (includes advanced health physics)Special fellowships in Industrial medicineSpecial fellowships in nuclear science and engineeringFaculty training institutes
Graduate traineeships.Summer traineeships for graduate teaching assistantsGraduate fellowshipsPostdoctoral fellowshipsSenior postdoctoral fellowshipsScience faculty fellowshipsSenior foreign scientist fellowshipsinstitutes for secondary school teachersinstitutes for college teachersResearch participation and scientific activities for teachers
I Data not available. SOURCE: Compiled by the National Center for Educational Statistics, Office ofEducation, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
Chapter V
Selected StatisticsRelated to Education in the United States
This chapter consists of a collection of miscellaneoustables which do not fit readily into one of the other
chapters. They were selected because they areclosely related to education in the United States
and are of general interest. They are arranged in
five main categories: (1) Employment status and
job opportunities of persons completing educa-
tional programs and of school dropouts; (2) inter-
national education; (3) library statistics; (4) re-search and development; and (5) equal educationalopportunity.
Included in the first group of tables are datafrom the Bureau of Labor Statistics on the laborforce status and employment of recent high schoolgraduates and dropouts. Other tables provide in-
formation from the College Placement Council on
the salaries offered candidates for bachelor's, mas-ter's, and doctor's degrees.
The section on international education contains
data from the Institute of International Educationon American college students and college faculty
abroad and on foreign students enrolled in Ameri-
can institutions of higher education. Also included
is a table showing Office of Educatioa data on the
enrollment of foreign students in each State in the
fall of 1963. Two other tables contain statistics
from the United Nations Educational, Scientific,
and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) on popula-
tion and school enrollment for the world, the
3111-430 0 - U -
4-3
continents, and selected countries. The figures inthese latter tables show general magnitudes onlyand are suitable for making very rough comparisonsamong countries. The enrollment estimates wereprepared in various ways and for different years,and the enrollment groupings by level for thevarious countries are not strictly comparable from
one country to another.The third group of tables shows Office of Educa-
lion statistics on public libraries, public and non-public elementary and secondary school libraries,college and university libraries, and special li-braries. Also included in this section are data fromPublisher's Weekly and the Library Journal on trendsin the prices of books and periodicals.
The fmal groups of tables relate to the generalarea of research and development and to equal
educational opportunity. Included is a table show-ing the number and median salary of scientists on
the National Register of Scientific and TechnicalPersonnel by field and by type of employer. An-
other table contains Office of Education estimatesof expenditures for educational research. Othertables show the amounts and sources of funds used
for research and development. Data on Federalfunds for research and development are not in-cluded in this section but may be found in chapter
IV.115
ear :wow
116 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 136.-College nrollment and labor force status of 1966 high schoolgraduates 16 to 24 years of age in the civilian noninstitutional population, by
color, sex, and marital status: United States, October 1966
Plumbers in thousands)
Item
Civilian noninstitu- Civilian labor forcetional population
Number Percent Number
1 2 3 4
80 sexesTIN 2, 612 100. 0 1, 311
White 2, 403 92. 0 1, 262
Nonwhite. _ _ 209 8. 0 107
Enrolled in college. 1,309 50. 1 383
Full-time 1,261 48. 3 341
Part-time 48 1. 8
Not enrolled in college 1, 303 49.9
Percentof popu-
lation
5
52, 4
52. 551. 2
29. 327. 0
15. 7
Not inlaborforce
Item
Civilian noninstitu-tional population
Civilian labor forceNot inlaborforce
Number Percent NumberPercentof pop*.titian
6 1 2 3 4 5 6
Male1, 243 Total 1, 207 100. 0 154 54. 2 553
1, 141 Enrolled in college 709 53. 7 219 30.9 490
102 Not enrolled in college 498 41.3 435 87.3 63
926 Female
920 Mil 1, 405 100. 0 715 50. 11 610
317 Enrolled in college 600 42. 7 164 27. 3 436
Not enrolled in college 805 57. 3 551 68. 4 254
Single 668 47. 5 485 72.6 183
Married and othermarital status 3 137 9. 8 66 48. 2 71
Percent not shown where base is less than 100,000.
2 Includes widowed, divorced, and separated women.
NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, "MonthlyLabor Review," July 1967.
Table 137.-Employment status of 1966 high school graduates not enrolled incollege and of school dropouts of 1966, by sex, color, and marital status of
women: United States, October 1966
(Thousands of persons 16 to 24 years of age)
Item
1
Civilian noninstitutional Civilian labor force
populationUnemployed Not in labor
Percent offorce
Number Percent Number population Employed Percent ofNumber civilian
labor force
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Graduates
Tetal1. 303 100. 0
Male498 38. 2
Female805 61. 8
Single668 51. 3
Married and other marital status 1 137 10. 5
White 1,160 89. 0
Nonwhite143 11. 0
Orients
Total.266 100. 0
Male- - -152 57. 1
Female114 42. 9
SingleMarried and other marital status*
7539
28. 214. 7
White.. 218 82, 0
Nonwhite.48 18. 0
111 75. 7 141 140 14. 2 317
435 87. 3 397 38 8.7 63
551 68. 4 449 102 18. 5 254
485 72.6 399 86 17. 7 183
66 48. 2 50 16 (2) 71
893 77. 0 778 115 12.9 267
93 65. 0 68 25 (2) 50
172 64. 7 141 31 11. 0 114
124 81.6 101 23 18. 5 28
48 42. 1 40 66
543 (2) 35
1 i2/32
(2) 5 234
141 64. 7 119 22 15.6 77
31 (2) 22 3 (2) 17
includes widowed, divorced, and separated women.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, "Monthly
2 Percent not shown where base is less than 100,000.Labor Review," July 1967.
SELECTED STATISTICS RELATED TO EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES 117
Table 139.--fillajor occupation group of employed high school graduates notenrolled in college by year of high school graduation and of school dropouts by
year last attended school, by sex: United States, October 1966Warcentage distribution of persons 16 to 24 years of agej
Major occupation group and sexGraduates of- Dropouts last attended in-
1
1934 1965 1966 Prior to 1964 1964 1965 or 196611111=
.. (91431Marketing and distribution 423Physics, chemistry, and mathematics 522
ChemistryPhysicsMathematics Ili
All technical curriculums 527All nontechnical curriculums 3 442
1967-68
3 4 5 6 7
6494467
584563538583554564
(9
466557
fa?)570476
$535507
629615595624601614606496493588580613578614511
8585571
681682658679659670662547549642644664632671570
8637613
724733706728707720710519588691689712684720614
$689
675611
790750774757768764626629772928
751720767657
50. 8
4650..35(I)
54. 044.1
(I)47. 1
(I)45. 248. 739. 5
45. 548.6
Data not available.2 Includes biological scier-a.a Includes accounting, bu4iness-general, humanities and social sciences, and
marketing and distribution.
NOTE: Data are based on Information supplied by more than 100 participatingcolleges and universities throughout the country.
SOURCE: College Placement Council Salary Survey, "A Study of 1966-67 Begin-ning Offers"; and "A Study of 1967-68 Beginning Offers." (Copyright 1967 and1961, respectively, by the College Placement Council, Inc., Bethlehem, Pa. Allrights reserved.)
R.4
118 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 140.-Average monthly salary offers to male candidates for master's anddoctor's degrees, by field of study: United States, 196546 to 196740
Field of study
Master's degrees Doctor's degree
196546 196647 196741Percentage
increase196546 lo
196748
196546 196647 196748Percentage
increase196$46 to
196748
2 3 4 5 6 7
011=110
9
Engineerine:ChemicalCivilElectricalMechanical
Sciences:ChemistryMathematicsPhysics
Business administration, industrial management, or tommerce:
After nontechnical undergraduate degreeAfter technical undergraduate degree
Oats are for men with 1 year or less of fuit.time, nonmilitary employment3 Data not available.
NOTE: Data are based on information supplied by more than 100 participatingcolleges and universities throughout the country.
SOURCE: Collor Placement Council Salary Survey, "A Study of 1967-68Beginning Offers. ' (Copyright 1968 by the College 'moment Council, Inc.,Bethlehem, Pa. All rights reserved.)
Table 141.-United States college students abroad,1965-06, and college faculty abroad, 1966-67, by
geographical area and country
Geographical area and countryStudents* Faculty
Number Percent Number Percent
1 2 3 4 5
ARAMs 24,000 108.0 4,174 100.0
Europe 14,679 59.0 2,271 48.6Latin America 3, 946 15. 8 722 15. 4North Americas 3,146 12.6 49 1.0Far East 1,979 7.9 590 12.6Near and Middle East 713 2.9 279 6.0Africa 270 1.1 489 10. 5Oceania 167 0. 7 80 1. 7Other areas or general assignment 194 4.2
All ambles 24,000 100.0 4,174 100.0
France 4,223 17.0 260 5.6Mexico , 3,434 13.8 103 2.2Canada 3,146 12.6 44 0.9Germany, Federal Republic of 2, 392 9.6 252 5.4United Kingdom 2,040 8. 2 537 11. 5Italy 1,504 6.0 195 4.2Spain 1, 182 4. 7 es 1.8Japan 1,003 4.0 112 2. 4Philippines 737 3.0 42 0.9Switzerland 643 2.6 89 1.9Belgium 594 2.4 21 O. 4Austria., 559 2.2 55 1.2Vatican City State 497 2.0Israel 406 1.6 53 1.2Colombia 328 1.3 43 0.9Sweden 312 1.3 51 1.1Other countries or general assign.
ment 1, 900 7.6 2, 726 58. 3
1 Includes students reported by 564 institutions in 83 countries.2 The faculty came from 578 institutions of higher education in the United States
and went to 108 countries.1 Excludes Mexico and the Central American countries, which are included in
Latin America.
NOTE: Because of rounding, percentages may not add to totals.
SOURCE: Institute of International Education, New York, "Open Doors 1967."
SELECTED STATISTICS RELATED TO EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Table 142.-Enro liment of foreign students In Institutions of higher education,by level and State: Fall 1963
119
StateAll foreignstudentsenrolled
Undergraduate students Firstirrofessional students Graduate students
ist level includes elementary school enrollment the main function of which Isto provide basic Instruction in the tools of learning. Preschool, kindergarten, andspecial education enrollment are excluded.
2 2d level includes general, vocational, and teacher-training enrollments at thesecondary school level. Entrance to secondary schools requires at least 4 yearsprevious instruction at the 1st level Special and adult education enrollments areexcluded.
s 3rd level includes colleges and universities that require the successful com-pletion of education at the 2d level as a minimum entrance requirement. Adulteducation enrollments are excluded.
4 In addition to countries on the continent, Includes Bermuda, the Caribbean,Greenland, and St. Pierre and Miquelon.
SOURCE: United Nations Educational, Scientifw, and Cultural Organization,Paris, "Statistical Yearbook 1963."
Table 146.-Estimated total population and enrollment by level: Selectedcountries of the world
pn thousandsi
121
EstimatedCountry population
midyear1961
1 2
Enrollment
1st level 2d level 3rd levelYear of edu- of edu- of edu-
cation I cation 2 cation 3
3 4 5 6
Africa
EthiopiaNigeria .South AfricaUnited Arab Republic
As la
China (Mainland)IndiaIndonesiaIsraelJapanKorea, NorthKorea, Republic ofPakistanPhilippinesSaudi ArabiaThailandTurkeyVietnam, Republic of
I 1st level includes elementary school enrollment the maln function of which isto provide basic instruction in the tools of learning. Preschool, kindergarten, andspecial education enrollments are excluded.
2 2d level includes general, vocational, and bacher-training enrollments at thesecondary school level. Entrance to secondary schools requires at least 4 yearsprevious instruction at the 1st level. Special and adult education enrollments areexcluded.
3 3rd level includes colleges and universities that require the successful comple-tion of education at the 2d level as a minimum entrance requirement. Adulteducation enrollments are excluded.
4 Data for 1960.
3 General education at the 2d level is included with the 1st Wel of education.6 Data for 1958-59.7 The vocational education enrollment included in the total is for 1960-61.s Data for 1956.'Data for 1960-61.20 Less than 500.
SOURCE: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization,Paris, "Statistical Yearbook 1963" (supplemented by Office of Education data forthe United States and its outlying areas).
122 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 147.-General statistics of public libraries serving areas of 50,000 or morepopulation: United States and outlying areas, 1953 to 1965
Item
1
1953 1956
2 3
COON'Number of volumes at end of year (thousands)Number of volumes added during irear (thousands)
Total do:Malley dwlog yam (Mundt)Professing stiff (leillise *value
Ogerathig ugeeditares (le thoesteds el NM)
Total operating expendituresPurchase of library materials
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of Public Libraries" for 1956,1962, and 1965 and estimates for 1953 and 1959.
Table 148.-Number of single-unit and multi-unit public libraries, by distributivestructure and size of population In area served: United States and outlying areas,
1962
Size of population in area servedTotal single-unitand multi-unit Single-unit Branches only, Any 2 of the
libraries libraries Total stations only, kinds of units Ail 3 kindsreporting or book- specified in of units
mobiles only column 5
Multi-unit I libraries with-
1 2 a 4 5 6 7
TOL. .,
Under 10,00010,000 to 24,99925,000 to 34,99935,000 to 49,99°50,000 to 99,999100,000 to 199,999200,000 to 499,999500,000 or more
1,214 4,515 1,171 121 520 331
4,0951,045
260273330139es36
3,747657955032
a1
3483881652232981368536
30224273849024
6
411106691
117542912
536264891585024
I The total numbers of branches, stationsi and bookmobiles were 5725, 11,252,and 1,334, respectively. Whereas "branch ' has a permanent collection and per-manent staff, a "station" usually has neither; it makes books available for lendingby an organization, agency, or other unit which is not ordinarily under the library'sdirect control but whose location makes it readily accessible for public use.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,unpublished data from 1962 survey of public libraries. Of the 7,257 public librariescanvassed, 6,264 or 86 percent responded, with nonrespondents concentratedchiefly among the libraries serving areas with fewer than 10,000 persons.
SELECTED STATISTICS RELATED TO EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Table 149.-General statistics of centralized public school libraries in schoolsystems of 150 pupils or more, by level of school: United States, 1962-63
123
TotalElementaryschools only
Secondaryschools only
Combined ele-mentary-second-
ary
2 3 4 5
Number of school systemsNumber of schools
15, 56783, 428 59, 656 16, 896 6, 883
Number of schools with centralized libraries 49,158 26, 516 16,457 6,169Percentage of schools with centralized libraries 58.9 44.4 97. 4 89.6Number of pupils in school systems 37, 252, 102 21, 428, 275 12, 482, 364 3,341, 467Number of pupils in schools with centralized libraries 27, 671.105 12, 384 415 12,197 327 3, 089,365Percentage of pupils in schools with centralized libraries 74. 3 &7. a b7. 7 92. 5
Number of volumes in centralized libraries 171, 585, 746 71, 250, 583 79, 792, 834 20, 383, 752
Number of volumes per pupil 6. 2 5.8 6. 5 6.6Expenditures for books in centralized libraries $63, 208,402 923, 760,050 $33, 369, 745 $6, 078 715Expenditure per pupil 9 .28 51. 92 U. 74 $1.97Number of schools with centralized libraries served by school librarians ' 33,478 13.473 15,235 4,751Percentage such schools are of the total number with centralized libraries 68.1 50.8 92.6 n. 0Total number of school librarians 29,695 8,499 16, 472 4, 711
Number of school librarians with 15 or more semester hours of library science 23 191 5, 972 13 $99 3, 306Percentage such school librarians are of the total number )8. 1 70. 3 /14.4 70.2Number of school librarians with 6 to 14 semester hours of library science. 6,491 2, 519 2, 564 1,404Percentage such school librarians are of the total number 21.8 29. 6 15. 6 29. 8Number of centralized libraries with audiovisual materials in their collection 27, 663 13 262 10,298 4, 086Percentage such libraries are of the total number with centralized libraries 56. 4 &). 1 62. 7 66.2'
School librarians are defined as certified personnel employed by the schoolboard who have not less than 6 semester hours of library science, and who areassigned at least half of the regular workweek to service as school librarians.
NOTErComponents do not add to totals because they were inflated independ-ently.
Table 250.-Number of nonpublic elementary andsecondary schools with and without centralized schoollibraries, by level and enrollment size of school: United
States and outlying areas, 1964-65
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,"Public Schoal Library Statistics, 1962-63."
Table 151.-General statistics of college and universitylibraries: United States and outlying areas, 195940,
1963-64, and 1965-66
Total CombinedEnrollment size and library status nonpublic Elemen- Secondary elementary
schools tory only only- andsecondary
item 1959-60 1963-64 1965-66
1 2 3 4
Number of libraries 1,951 2,140 2,207Number of students enrolled, total (thousands)' 3, 800 5, 320 6, 438
4 5 Enrolled for bachelor's and higher degrees. 3, 610 4, 988 5, 991Enrolled in undergraduate occupational
Under 300 9,337 7,095 1,255 987 Collections (tbsusands ef units)300-749 5,955 4,344 810 801750 or more 1,838 1,194 414 230 Number of volumes at end of year 176, 721 227, 000 265, 000
Volumes per student (number of volumes di-vided by total number ot students enrolled). 46. 5 42. 7 41.2
Under 300 5,409 3, 525 1,153 731 Number of volumes added during year 8, 415 13, 600 18, 000300-749 4. 241 21 720 788 733 Number of periodical titles receiver, 1,271 1, 760 2, 700750 or more 1, 427 807 408 212
Schools without centralizedlibraries, total 6,053 5,581 130 342
Library staff In tuns of tull4hno quintals
Under 300 3,928 3,570 102 256 Total staff 18, 000 25, 200 29, 000300-749 1,714 1,624 22 68 Professional librarians 9, 000 11, 900 13, 000
750 or more 411 387 6 18 Other library staff 3 9, 000 13, 300 16, 000Hours of student and other assistance (thou-
sands) 12, 062 16, 400 19, 000SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of
Education, "Survey of Nonpublic Schools, 1964-65." Library swan oxmditures (excluding capitalMay) in thousands ot dollars
Operating expenditures in percents, total lbo. o 1110. o ibo. oSalaries (including contributed service)._ 52.8 51.2 48.4Hourly wages 8. 5 7. 7 7.3Binding 3. 6 3. 7 3.6Books and other library materials 29. 7 32. 1 34. 7Other library operating expenditures 5. 4 5. 3 6.0
Library operating expenditures as percent oftotal institutional expenditures for educa-tional and general purposes 3.0 3.3 3.3
I Library data estimated by American Library Association.2 Each enrollment figure is for the fall term which follows the specified year
(e.g., approximately 3,1100,000 students were enrolled in fall term 1960). Enroll-ment ha undergraduate occupational programs is estimated for fall 1960 and fall1966
3 Includes nonprofessional staff and professional staff other than librarians.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health Education, and Welfare, Office of Education.'Library Statistics of Colleges and Universities."
N
124 DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 152.-Selected statistics for the 40 largest academic libraries in the UnitedStates: 1964-65
InstitutionTotal staff Total library Expenditures
Rank Total volumes Volumes (full-time operating Staff salaries for books andorder I at end of year added during equivalent) expenditures and wages other library
University of California, Berkeley 6 3,113,024 165,594 373 4, 588, 759 2,947,622 1, 381, 015Cornell University 7 2,725,624 152,822 330 3, 281,869 2, 041, 505 1, 047,226Stanford University 8 2,560,220 181,745 267 2,626,046 1,611,474 814,131University of Chicago 9 2, 406, 142 109, 390 206 2,110,586 1,230,173 692,648University of Minnesota 10 3 2,405,797 88,896 209 2,160,561 1,353,365 726,999
University of California, Los Angeles .,11 2,197,175 193,576 299 4,132,807 2,380,077 1,475,737
University of Wisconsin 12 1,901,048 137,399 230 2,551,913 1,431,174 964,822University of Pennsylvania 13 1,894,480 89,880 218 1,824,686 1,171,498 580,125Indiana University 14 1,771,900 (4) 241 2, 423,999 1, 308,600 1, 051,056Princeton University 15 1, 769,699 05,934 22 1,597,881 881,283 595,666
Ohio State University 15 1,748,943 88, 73 215 2,019,516 1,304,521 580,732University of Texas 17 1,724,332 76,023 180 4,838,097 957,664 3,813,068Duke University 18 1,716,855 70, 465 148 1,417,431 798,915 560, 578Northwestern University 19 1,709,172 68,796 140 1,438,691 840,329 496,735New York University 20 1,535,583 68,439 192 1, 534,079 932, 727 484,939
Johns Hopkins University 21 3 1,399,700 76,342 105 1, 005, 272 605, 744 306,295University of Washington 22 1,390,636 69,741 279 2,452,199 1,614,557 679,417University of North Carolina 23 1,314,359 79,763 134 1, 513,317 812,235 600,924Louisiana State University 24 1,237,171 74,861 150 1, 741, 033 930, 301 701,644University of lowa 25 1,226,254 51,864 119 1,275,624 661,860 569,131
University of Virginia 26 1,221,353 65,798 102 865,983 493,742 329,241Rutgers University 27 2 1,207,350 72,781 121 1,508,467 839,176 610,587University of Missouri 28 3 1,167,000 58,777 112 1,240,910 607,911 523,793Michigan State University 29 1,147,188 97,660 115 1,460,133 815,290 587,218University of Southern California 30 1,138,812 47,177 124 1,169,192 758,539 339,335
University of Kansas 31 1,122,158 54,417 120 1,206,368 646,903 485,975Wayne State University 32 1,116,620 65,490 118 1,552,434 898,316 546,093Brown University 33 1,111,240 34,197 126 1,007,934 631,574 313,391University of Florida 34 1,087,665 52,268 153 1,418,317 853 263 480,646University of Kentucky 35 3 1,069,908 38,345 100 1, 060,677 604,696 419, 015
University of Oregon 36 3 1, 057,879 79,835 105 1, 056, 789 655, 988 343,825University of Oklahoma 37 3 981,012 51,666 71 701,604 370,949 301,116Massachusetts Institute of Technology 38 959,212 64,367 141 1,003,942 724,287 240,649Joint University Libraries 2 39 3 947,941 40,370 97 800, 736 457, 337 289,442University of Colorado 40 946,435 70,119 136 1, 451, 715 944, 768 451,212
institutions ranked by size of collection.3 Includes binding.3 Includes microfilm.
Data not available.Serves three Institutions in Nashville, Tennessee' George Peabody College,
Scarritt College, and Vanderbilt University.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education"Library Statistics of Colleges and Universities, 1%3-64, Analytic Report."
Table 153.-Number of special libraries serving State governments, by operaltional classification and primary subject-matter area of library: United States
and outlying areas, 1963-64
Primary subject-matter area of library
Operational classification of library
Total numberof Statelibraries
Statutory(legislative
reference and Departmentalother govern-
mental)
Supreme andlower court
Hospital andcorrectional Museum
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
All salject.mattar areas
GeneralLawHistory including archivesEngineering and physical and biological sciences (including agriculture and
veterinary medicine)Public administration and welfareHealth sciencesEducation and art
311 102 131 10 53
398142
4950
11315
392439
7
47472312
50
390
3
2
3
SOURCE: Report by Robert!. Havlik on "Special Libraries ServingState Governments,1963 .64," which is available through the Education Research Information Centers,and
8which includes a directory of the 389 individual libraries with selected data for each one. See abstract ED-013-374 in "Research end Education," VoL 3, No. 3, March
196.
7,42,
SELECTED STATISTICS RELATED TO EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Table 154.-Average price and price index for books, periodicals, and serialservices: United States, 1957-59 to 1967
Excluaes texts, U.S. documents, and encyclopedias.Data net available.
3 Includes business, law, science and technology, U.S. documents, Soviet trans-lations, and miscellaneous areas.
SOURCES: "Publisher's Weeklyi" January 29, 1968, and late winter issues ofprevious years; "Lib;ary Journal,' July 1967, and midsummer issues of previousyear&
Table 155.-Averags price and price index for selected hardcover books1, bycategory: United States, 1957-59 to 1967
NOTE: Medians were not computed for groups with fewer than 25 registrants reporting salary. All data relate to those persons reporting to the National Register ofScientific and Technical Personnel.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Register of Scientific and Technical Personnel, 1966.
.
SELECTED STATISTICS RELATED TO EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Table 157.-Estimated expenditures for educationalresearch: United States, 1960 and 1965
Source of funds 1130 1965
1 2 3
Slates ..LocalsFoundation 3Federal'
Department of AgricultureDepartmsnt of DefenseDepartment of Health, Education, and Welfare:
$32, 143 II& 111
5,7662,0006,000
19,179
11, 0003,000
14, 37569, 715
21200
21216
Public Health Service 1,357 5,446Office of Education 10,136 39,603Other HEW 1,038
Department of Labor.. 147 1, 700Agency for International Development 2,221National Aeronautics and Space Administration... 76National Science Foundation. . 6,618 15,905Office of Economic Opportunity 3,474PM. Corps. 85
I Systematic data on educational research as a defined area are not available.Data on State funds mended in conduct of research funded by Federal researchgreets mid Contracts ens net available; State estimate Is probably cinsidarably
liagilitliteEtucation estimate baser' on review of selected large city schoolWite.
a Erstimate
for 1945 based on review of foundation grants for the past 12 monthsas reported to the Foundation Library Center. The Center estimates that up to halfof such grants ere not reported and that 25 to 50 percent of educational researchfunds may not be Included. This estimate includes a 25.percent correction factor,since the larger foundation grants ale regorad and because of the specializedInterests of many of the smaller foundations. The 1960estimate is based on "Scion.Clic Research and Other Programs of Private Foundations, 1960," "Review ofOats on Research and Development," National Science Foundation (August 1962)which reported research In the field of education, to which has been added anestimate of educational research that is classified in the NSF system as socialscience research or research In other fields of science.
Research in other fields may be closely related to educational research. Suchresearch, for protects repotted to it, is Identified by the Science InformationExchange of the Smithsonian Institution as "research in the area of education,"defined as work directly applicable to a school or educational setting. EstimateIncludes research In manpower development and apprenticeship tralning areas,curriculum development KOMI', date provided by Science Information Exchange,and fiscal reports of the Office of Education on educational research expenditures.
SOURCE: Estimates prepared by Penrose O. Jackson, Office of Program Planningand_Evaluation, Office of Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, andWelfar.
IMMO
127
Table 1511.-Sources of funds used for research anddevelopment: United States, 1953 to 1960
I Preliminary estfmate.Estimate for first quarter GI 1968.
NOTE: Data on research and development funds are based on reports byperformers and on related estimates.
SOURCES: National Science Foundation, "National Patterns of R. SD. Resources1953-68," April 1967; and U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of BusinessEconomics, "Survey of Current Business," August 1965 and April 1968.
Table 162.-Estimated percentage of Negro and white students enrolled In schoolswith differing percentages of Negro students: United States, fall 1965
Grade, area, and region
1
Racial composition of schools
90 to 100 percent 80 to 90 percent 20 to 80 percent 10 to 20 percent 0 to 10 percentNegro Negro Negro Negro Negro
Negro White Negro White Negro White Negro White Negro White
1 Example: 65.3 percent of Negro children attending grade 1 In all regions ere Inschools composed of 90 to 100 percent Negro children.
2 Less than 0.05 percent.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,Commissioner's report on "Equality of Educational OpportunIty," July 2, 1966.
Table 163.-Estimated percentage of pupils in attend-ance at elementary anti secondary schools, by age of
main building: United States, fall 1965
ItemElementary schools Secondary schools
All Negro White All Negro White
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Percent of attendance Inbuildings aged:
Less than 20 years 61 63 60 54 6 5320 to 40 years 20 17 20 29 26 29At least 40 years 18 18 18 17 12 18
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa-tion, Commissioner's.report on "Equality of Educational Opportunity," July 2, 1966.
SELECTED STATISTICS RELATED TO EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Table 164.-Estimated main test scores for 1st. and 12th.grade pupils: UnitedStates, fall 1965
129
TestRectal or ethnic group
Puerto Ricans IndianAmericans
MexicanAmericans
OrientalAmericans
Negro White
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Islands:NonverbalVerbal
12. Grade:NonverbalVerbalReadingMathematicsGeneral Information
Average 01 the 5 tests
45.844.9
53.047.6
Mt 146.5
56.651.6
43.445.4
54.153.2
43.343.142.643.741.7
47.143.744.345.944.7
45.043.844.245.543.3
51.649.648.851.349.0
40.940.942.241.840.6
52.052.151.951.852.2
43.1 45.1 44.4 50.1 41.1 52.0
NOTE: This table presents the results of standard schlevement tests 01 certain intellectual skills such as reading, writing, calculating, and problem solving. The testswere designed to measure the skills which are the most Important In our society for getting a good job and movingup to a better oni,, and for full participation In an In-creasIngly technical world.
The scores In each test were standardized so that rho average ever the national sample equaled 50 and the standard deviation equaled10. This means that for all pupilsIn the Nation, about 16 percent would scare below 40 and about 16 percent would score above 60.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Office of Education, Commissioner's reporton "Equality of Educational Opportunity," July 2, 1966.
Table 165.-Estinuded percent of the civilian nonin.stitutional population enrolled in school,' by color, sex,and age, for persons 5 to 34 years old: United States,
October 1966
Sex and age
Schoolenrollment
as percentof White Nonwhite Negro5 to 34 yearpopulation
1 2 3 4 5
Bethune
Tela1,11044yems 16.096 10.0% Ms* 11.1%5 years 72.8 73.9 66.3 64.56 years 97.6 97.7 91.6 97.67 to 9 years 99.3 99.3 99.3 92.210 to 13 years 99.3 99.3 99.4 99.214 and lb years 91.6 91.8 97.5 97.416 and 17 years 81.5 19.0 85.4 85.218 and 19 years. 47.2 42.2 40.0 37.720 and 21 years 29.9 32.2 14.2 11.622 to 24 years 13.2 14.0 7.5 6.125 to 29 years 6.5 6.9 3.1 2.330 to 34 years 2.7 2. 7 2.8 2.3
Male
Tetal,111e Myers 84.1 14.1 13.8 13.2
5 years. 71.5 72.4 66.5 63.96 years 97.7 97.8 918 96.97 to 9 years 99.2 99.2 99. 2 99.110 to 13 years 99.1 99.1 99.2 99.014 and 15 years 92.7 98.8 MI. 4 91. 216 and 17 years 89.9 90.3 87. 2 87.418 and 19 years 57.8 59.0 49.1 46.320 and 21 years 41.4 44.9 17.4 14.422 to 24 years 21.3 23.0 2.6 9.125 to 29 years 9.6 10.3 4.4 2.630 to 34 years 3.8 3.8 4.2 2. 7
Foals
Teta1,111.3411 11.1 13.11 11.4 11.2
5 years 74.1 75.5 66.2 65.16 years 91.6 97.5 91.4 IL 37 to 9 years 99.4 99.5 99.3 92.3Ill to 13 years 92.5 91.5 99.6 99.4la and 15 years. 98.4 92.7 96.6 96.516 and 17 years 87.1 87.6 83. 7 13. 118 and 19 years 37.7 32.6 31.9 30.320 and 21 years 20.9 22.3 11.6 9.322 to 24 years 6.6 6.6 6.5 3.625 to 29 years 3.6 3.9 2.1 2.030 to 34 years 1. 7 1.7 1.7 2.0
I Includes enrollment In any type of graded public, parochial, or other privateschool in the regular school system. (Excludes enrollment In nursery schools.)Includes kIndergartens, elementary schools, high schools, colleges, universities,and professions, schoots. Attendance may be on either full-time or part-timebasis and during the day or night. Enrollments in "special" schools such as tradeschools or business colleges are not included.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "CurrentPopulation Reports,' Series P40, No.167.
130 DIGEST OP EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS
Table 166.Enroilment of students taking work creditable toward a bachelor'sor higher degree, by control of institution, race, and region: United States, fall
I Excludes U.S. service school enrollment of 13,625 since reported date for suchschools are not Included In reported totals for States or regions.
2 Total enrollment, by region_, by control, Is from the Office of Education survey of"Opening Fall Enrollment In Higher Education, 1965."
The estimated distribution of students by race Is based on percentages appearingIn the Commissioner's report on "Equality of Educational Opportunity,' July 2,1966.
NOTE: Because of rounding, percentages may not add to 100.00.
Table 167.Estimated studentfaculty ratios in institutions of higher education,by percent of Negro enrollment: United States, fall 1963
(Based on estimated fulltime equivalent students and faculty]
Percent of Negro enrollment
1
All institutions Publicly controlled Privately controlled
Number of Weighted Number of Weighted Number of Weightedinstitutions average institutions average institutions averageincluded student.faculty included student.faculty Included student.faculty(1,917) ratio (644) ratio (1,273) ratio
2 3 4 5 6 7
0 percent.0 to 2 percent.2 to kpercent.5 to 10 percent.10 to 50 percent.50 to 100 percent.
3241,104
263194196
182022253116
U350101491739
212225253517
236754162402457
161817251815
TOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, Commissioner's report on "Equality of Educational Opportunity," July 2, 1966.
A
INDEX
PageAbandoned instruction rooms 47Accounting, degrees conferred 87Additional instruction rooms needed 49Additions to plant value, higher education 100Administrative units (schools districts) 6,44-46Adult education expenditures, public schools 59Age:
enrollment by 4ranges for compulsory and permissive attend-
Algebra, enrollment, public secondary schools 34All levels of education 1-22American college students abroad . 118Annual expenditure per pupil, public elementary and
Church affiliation:elementary and secondary schools 32institutions of higher education 66,84
City controlled institutions of higher education 84City school systems 30Civil defense adult education 112Classrooms. (See Instruction rooms.)Classroom teachers:
nonpublic elementary and secondary &Awls.. . 39,41public elementary and secondary schools. . . 38,40-41secondary schools, by field 41
College faculty abroad 118College and universities. (See Institutions of higher
education.)Community colleges, expenditures 59Community services, expenditures 59Completed instruction rooms 47Compulsory attendance, age ranges for 27Consultants, public elementary and secondary
schools 40Cooperative research funds 112-113Counseling and guidance, degrees conferred 87Cuban refugee program funds 112Current expenditures:
all levels of education 18,20higher education 96-101public elementary and secondary schools 57-61
Current-fund income, higher education 90-95
Page50
Daily attendance as a percent of enrollment 26,28Degrees, earned:
bachelor's, first-profeuional, mastees, doetlies.. . 86-90by sex 87engineering 87-90historical summary 89major area of study 87
Denominational affiliation:elementary and secondary schools 32institutions of higher education . 66,84
Dentistry, degrees conferred 87Development funds 111,127-128Draftees failing mental test 13Distributive occupations, enrollment 35-36Districts, school 6,44-46Doctor's degrees 86-89Dormitory rooms, charges for 95-96Dropouts, employment of 116-117
131
132 INDEX
EEarned degrees. (See Degrees, earned.) PageEarnings by years of school completed 14-17Economics, degrees conferred 87Education:
all levels 1-22degrees conferred 87elementary and secondary 23-61enrollment for advanced degrees 73enrollment, organized occupational curriculums 78exceptional children 35Federal programs of 105-114higher 63-104selected statistics related to 115-130structure of XII-XIIIvocational 35-36,61
Educational administration and supervision, degrees .
conferred 87Educational attainment 9-12Educational exchange programgrants 108Educational research expenditures 127Education in the United States, structure of. . . . XII-XHIElementary and secondary education 23-61Elementary education, degrees conferred 87Elementary schools:
nonpublic 6,46public 6,46
Employment of graduates and dropouts 116-117Endowment funds 102-103Engineering:
social sciences, advanced degreessocial studies, public secondary schoolsspecial education for exceptional childrenvocational education
Exceptional children, enrollment:public day schoolsresidential schools
Expenditures:adult educationall levels of educationby source of fundscommunity collegescommunity servicesFederal Governmenthigher educationlibrariesper pupil, public schoolspublic elementary and secondary schoolspupil transportationState and local governmentsummer schools, public elementary and
ondaryvocational education
Extension courses, enrollment
Page727872
. 64-68,72,7764-68,72,7764,69-70,72
70,72
7725,30
10430
7372343078
737234
30-3324-25,28-30
733435
35-36
3535
5918-22
19595919
96-101122-124
6157-61
3719,22
BCD.
5961
64,72
Faculty abroad 118Faculty and other professional staff, higher edu-
cation 69,79-8081-82Faculty salaries
Federal programs of educationFellowship programsField of study:
earned degreesenrollment for advanced degreesjunior-year enrollment
Finances. (See Captal outlay, Current expenditures,Expenditures, Income, Property, Receipts, Salaries.)
Fine and applied arts:degrees conferredenrollment for advanced degrees
105-114114
877372
8773
First-time college studentsForeigm languages and literature:
degrees conferredenrollment for advanced degreesenrollment, secondary schoolsjunior-year enrollment, higher education
Foreign students in American collegesForestry:
degrees conferredenrollment for advanced degrees
French:degrees conferredenrollment, public and nonpublic
schoolsjunior-year enrollment, higher
Full-time college studentsFunds, Federal, for education
INDEX
Page65,68
87733472
119-120
secondary
8773
87
34education . . 72
72105-114
General mathematics, enrollment, public secondaryschools 34
General science, enrollment, public secondary schools 34Geography:
degrees conferred 87enrollment for advanced degrees 73
enrollment 70,72-75characteristics of 74socioeconomic background of 75stipend status of 75
Graduates:high school:
number 51-52employment of 116-117
institutions of higher education 86-90organized occupational curriculums 77-78
Greek and Latin, degrees conferred 87Gross national product, related to expenditures for
education 21-22Guidance personnel, public elementary and sec-
ondary schools 40Gymnasiums 50
Health occupations (vocational) enrollment 35-36Health professions:
degrees conferred 87enrollment for advanced degrees 73
Higher education 63-104High school graduates:
employment of 116-117nonpublic 51
133
High school graduatesContinued Pagepublic 51
total 51-52Hie schools. (See Secondary schools.)History:
degrees conferred 87enrollment, public high schools 34
Home economics:degrees conferred 87enrollment for advanced degrees 73enrollment, organized, occupational curriculums 78enrollment, vocational education 35-36graduates, organized occupational curriculums 77-78
Illiteracy 12
Income:all levels of education 17by age 14by years of school completed 14-17higher education 90-95personal 60,101public elementary and secondary schools 53-56
Indians, enrollment in Federal schools for 2-3Institutions of higher education:
by control 6,83-8 5by denominational affiliation 84by size 85by type 83,85
Instructional staff, elementary and secondary schools:39,41npuonbpliucbhc
38,40-41Instruction rooms:
abandoned 47additional needed 49available 47-48,50combustible and noncombustible 48,50completed 47completed before and after 1920 48,50in offsite facilities 48,50in permanent and nonpermanent buildings 48,50
Interest payments 57-59,61International educational activities 118-121Italian, enrollment, public and nonpublic secondary
schools 34
Journalism and English:degrees conferred 87enrollment for advanced degrees 73enrollment, public secondary schools 34
Junior colleges:enrollment . 77,85number 77,83,85
Junior high schools 46Junior-senior high schools 46
8Kindergarten, enrollment 25,30
Labor force status of high school graduates and drop-outs 116-117
Land-grant institutions 104Latin and Greek, degrees conferred 47
134
Law:degrees conferredenrollment for advanced degrees
Length of school termLevel of school completedLiberal arts colleges:
enrollmentLibrarians, public elementary and secondary schoolsLibraries:
INDEX
Page Nonsupervisory instructional staff, public elementary Page87 and secondary schooLs 4073 Nursery schools, enrollment 30
26, 28 Nursing and public health, degrees conferred 87
9-12 Nursing schools not affiliated with institutions ofhigher education:
67 enrollment 2
40 number 6
college and university 123-124nonpublic school 123public 122public school 123special 124
Library expenditures:college and university 123-124public 122public school 123
Library science:degrees conferred 87enrollment for advanced degrees 73
Lifetime income by years of school completed 16-17Local basic administrative units . 6, 44-46Local sources, receipts ftom:
all levels of education 17higher education 90-95public elementary and secondary schools 53-56vocational education 61
Lunchrooms 50
Major field of study:degrees conferred 87enrollment for advanced degrees 73junior-year enrollment, higher education 72
Master's degrees 86-87, 89Mathematics:
degrees conferred 87enrollment for advanced degrees 73enrollment, public high schools 34junior-year enrollment, higher education 72
Medical technology, degrees conferred 87Medicine, degrees, conferred 87Mentally retarded, enrollment in special education
programs for 35Mental tests, draftees failing 13Military, naval, or air force science, degrees con-
Teachers:all levels of education 4-5elementary and secondary schools:
by field 41characteristics of 41nonpublic 39,41public 38,40-41
higher education:for resident instruction in degree-credit
courses 79410private 80public 80
salaries:higher education 81-82public elementary and secondary schools 42-44
Teachers and other instructional staff, public ele-mentary and secondary schools:
number 40salaries 43-44
Teachers colleges:enrollment 67
Technical education (vocational) enrollment 35-36Technical and semiprofessional programs 77-78
Page6713
67Trade and industrial training, degrees conferred... 87Trades and industry (vocational) enrollment 35-36Traditional high schools 46Transportation, public elementary and secondary
schools 37Trigonometry, enrollment, public secondary schools 34Tuition and fees, higher education 95-96
Undergraduate enrollment 70,72U.S. college students abroad 118U. S. education, structure of XII-XIIIUniversities:
enrollment 67,85number 83,85
VValue of physical plant and plant funds, higher
education 102Value of nonexpendable funds, higher education. 102,103Value of property, higher education 102-403Vocational agriculture, enrollment 35-36Vocational education:
enrollment 35-36expenditures 61Federal funds for 61,107,112-113
Volumes:college and university libraries 123-124public libraries 122public school libraries 123
Wages or salary of full-time employees 44White and nonwhite persons:
enrollment 129test /MOMS 129years of school completed 9-11
