GANESHA LAW REVIEW Volume 3 Issue 1, May 2021 P-ISSN: 2656 – 9744 , E-ISSN: 2684 – 9038 Open Access at : https://ejournal2.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/GLR Program Studi Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Singaraja 68 MINOL (Alcoholic Beverage) Bill IN THE TIME OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN PERSPECTIVE LAW AND HAM Putu Daniel Gombo Fakultas Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Email: [email protected]Info Artikel Abstract Masuk: 3 Januari 2021 Diterima: 3 Maret 2021 Terbit: 1 May 2021 Keywords: Draft Law on the Prohibition of Minol (Alcoholic Drinks), House of Representatives, Law and Human Rights This study aims to analyze the Covid-19 pandemic Minol (Alcoholic Drinks) Prohibition Bill from a legal and human rights perspective and review the draft Law on the Prohibition of Minol (Alcoholic Drinks). This research is a research that uses normative legal research methods using the invitation approach (statue approach). This normative study was conducted by collecting primary, secondary and tresier legal materials. The material collected is then arranged systematically and analyzed using descriptive qualitative methods. The results of this study indicate that the existence of the Bill or Bill on the Prohibition of Minol (Alcoholic Drinks) is one of the things that threatens legal human rights (the right to legal equality) for alcoholic drink lovers and some residents who do not have a source of water that makes drinks. alcoholic as a water appearance. The Bill or Draft Bill on the Prohibition of Minol (Alcoholic Drinks), which is being drafted in the discussion at the House of Representatives, has triggered a trigger for crime in Indonesia. Abstrak Kata kunci: Rancangan Undang- Undang Larangan Minuman Beralkohol, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, Hukum dan HAM Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis RUU atau Rancangan Undang-Undang Larangan Minol (Minuman Beralkohol) pandemi Covid-19 dalam perspektif hukum dan HAM serta meninjau kembali draft RUU atau Rancangan Undang-Undang Larangan Minol (Minuman Beralkohol). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang menggunakan metode
This study aims to analyze the Covid-19 pandemicMinol(AlcoholicDrinks)ProhibitionBillfromalegalandhuman rights perspective and review the draftLawon theProhibitionofMinol (AlcoholicDrinks).Thisresearchisaresearchthatusesnormativelegalresearch methods using the invitation approach(statue approach). This normative study wasconducted by collecting primary, secondary andtresierlegalmaterials.Thematerialcollectedisthenarranged systematically and analyzed usingdescriptive qualitativemethods. The results of thisstudyindicatethattheexistenceoftheBillorBillontheProhibitionofMinol(AlcoholicDrinks) isoneofthe things that threatens legal human rights (therighttolegalequality)foralcoholicdrinkloversandsome residents who do not have a source of waterthatmakesdrinks.alcoholicasawaterappearance.The Bill or Draft Bill on the Prohibition of Minol(Alcoholic Drinks), which is being drafted in thediscussion at the House of Representatives, hastriggeredatriggerforcrimeinIndonesia.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisisRUUatauRancanganUndang-UndangLaranganMinol(Minuman Beralkohol) pandemi Covid-19 dalamperspektif hukum dan HAM serta meninjau kembalidraft RUU atau Rancangan Undang-Undang LaranganMinol (Minuman Beralkohol). Penelitian inimerupakan penelitian yangmenggunakanmetode
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penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakanpendekatan perundang-undangan (Statueapproach). Studi normatif ini dilakukan denganmengumpulkan bahan hukum primer, sekunderdantresier.Materiyangdikumpulkanlaludisusunsecara sistematis serta dianalisis denganmenggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Darihasilpenelitianinimenunjukanbahwa,adanyaRUUatau Rancangan Undang-Undang Larangan Minol(Minuman Beralkohol) merupakan salah satu halyang mengancam dari hak asasi hukum (right oflegal equality) bagi pecinta minuman berlakoholdan beberapa penduduk yang tidak memilikisumberair yangmenjadikanminumanberalkoholsebagaipenggantiair.RUUatauRancanganUndang-UndangLaranganMinol(MinumanBeralkohol)yangsedang dimasukan draft pembahasan di DewanPerwakilan Rakyat, hal ini berpotensi pemicumeningkatnyakriminalitasdiIndonesia.
Alongwiththedevelopmentofthelegalage,itdoesnotremaininplacebutfollowsthedevelopmentofthetimes,andthereforeacountryoftenmakesanewlaworbymakingchangestoalawwhichmaybeseenthattherearestillloopholesthat can harm Public. As written by Bellefroid in "Inleiding tot deRechtswettenschap inNederland", according toBellefroid's understanding, therearefiveareasoflawbasedonitsobject,oneofwhichincludes:"Rechtsgeschiedenis"(HistoryofLaw), theobject is "thepast legal system".Thehistoryof law isveryimportant to study in order to understand positive lawmore deeply, because itanalyzesthedevelopmentoflegalinstitutions,pastlegalfigureswhoinfluencethecurrentlegalsystem.
Lawexists due to several factors, namelynorms and facts. Law is usuallyliftedfromthenormsthatexistinasocietybecausethepeopleusedtotendtofollowthenormsthatliveintheirmidstandsometimestheyforgettheexistingfactsfromsomecircumstances,thereforethelawmustbeliftedfromthenormsinthemiddle.accordingtoVanApeldoorn(InlidingtotdestudievanhetNederland-srecht).Basedonthecriteria,thatinrealitythelawisalways,"sollen"(shouldbe),itsformisintheformofnormsand"sein"(facts),aswellas"theartoflaw",formingandcreatinglaws."Lawarts"(rechtskunnst),includes:
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1. Legislation examines on the one hand "Political legislation", namelydetermining the objectives and contents of statutory regulations. On theotherhand,"legaldrafting"examineshowto formulatenorms,sothat theobjectivesandcontentsoflawsandregulationsthataremeanttobe"legaldrafters" canbeexpressedclearlyandpreciselyanddonothavemultipleinterpretations.
about law cannot be separated from human rights. Human rights are owned byeveryhumanbeinginthewholeworld,whenhumanrightshavenotbeenechoed,thereareoftenmanydeviationsofhumanrightswherethereareseveralhistoriesthatdiscriminateagainstanexistinggroupandrace,namelyintheformofslavery,rejectionofagroup,comparisonskincolor.Aftergoingthroughseveraltragediesthatshockedtheworld,finallyhumanrightsbegantobeechoedbythewholeworldcommunity.HumanRightsorcommonlyknownasHAMisanormativelegalconceptthatappliesanytime,anywhereandtoanyone,sothatitisuniversalandisownedbyeverypersonorhumansincehewasborn.
Inthemidstof thispandemic,severaldraftsofbillsorwhat iscommonlycalled the Draft of Law this time which will be discussed are the Bill on theProhibitionofAlcoholicDrinks(RUUMinol)whichregulatescriminalsanctionsfordrinkersorpeoplewhoconsumealcoholicbeverages,intheformofimprisonmentforamaximumof twoyearsoramaximumfineof IDR50million.Suchcriminalsanctionsor finesarecontained inArticle20ChapterVIconcerning thecriminalprovisionsoftheMinolBill.
YLKI: TheDPRDoesNotNeed To Prohibit the Consumption of AlcoholicDrinks"EverypersonwhoconsumesalcoholicbeveragesasreferredtoinArticle7shallbepunishedwithimprisonmentofat leastthreemonthsandamaximumoftwoyearsorafineofatleastRp.10millionandamaximumofRp.50million”readsthedraftregulationasdownloadedfromtheDPRwebsite.
Article7ChapterIIIregardingtheprohibitionreferredtoaboveregulatesthateverypersonisprohibitedfromconsumingalcoholicdrinksofclassA,classB,class C, traditional alcoholic drinks and mixed or concocted alcoholic drinks.Criminalsanctionsandfinesfordrinkerscanbeaddedifthepersonconcernedisconsidered to be disturbing public order or threatening the safety of others. AsstatedinArticle21point(1)ChapterVIconcerningtheCriminalProvisionsoftheMinolBill,imprisonmentfordrinkingminolwhodisturbspublicorderorthreatensthesafetyofothersisincreasedtoamaximumoffiveyearsoramaximumfineofRp.100million.
ICJRReveals thePotentialofOvercriminalization in theMinolProhibitionBill,eveninArticle21point(2)itisstatedthatifdrinkingMinolisproventohavekilledanotherperson'slife,thenthesentencewillbeaddedbyonethirdofthebasicsentence.
Inadditiontodrinkers,theMinolBillalsoregulatesthethreatofsanctionsfor peoplewhoproduce, import, store, distribute and sellmineral oil. Article 18Chapter VI of the Criminal Provisions of theMinol Bill states that a personwho
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ThedraftregulationstatesthatclassAalcoholicdrinksarethosewith1to5percentethanolcontent,groupBminolswith5to20percentethanolcontent,andgroupCminolswith20to55percentethanolcontent.Evenso,theprohibitionforpeopletoproduce, import,store ,distributing,selling,andconsumingmineraloildoes not apply for several purposes. Article 8 point (2) Chapter III concerningProhibitionstatesthattheexceptiontotheMinolBill isgivenforthe interestsofcustoms,religiousrituals,tourists,pharmacies,andinplacespermittedbystatutoryregulations.RespondingtotheMinolBill,theInstituteforCriminalJusticeReform(ICJR)warnedofthepotentialforover-criminalizationthatmightoccurifthisdraftregulation was passed into law. On this basis, the Executive Director of ICJR,ErasmusNapitupulu,consideredthattheMinolBilldidnotneedtobediscussedbytheDPR."Theapproachtoprohibitingalcoholicdrinkscanhaveanegativeimpacton criminal justice in Indonesia," Erasmus said in an ICJR release, Wednesday(11/11).
"Thebillaimstoprotectthepublicfromnegativeimpacts,createorderandpeace in society fromdrinkersofmineral alcohol," Illiza toldCNNIndonesia.com,Wednesday(11/11).
Basedontheabovebackground,thewriterintendstocarryoutresearchonthis problem, so the title of the research is appointed as follows: "BILLION ONMINOL(AlcoholicDrinkingDuringthePandemicCovid-19PERSPECTIVE)
"With the aim to find out the impact of the Minol (Alcoholic Drink)ProhibitionBillonsocietyintheperspectiveofLawandHumanRights.Researchmethods
Thistypeofresearchisnormativejuridicalresearch.Thistypeofnormativejuridicalresearchisresearchbasedonmainlegalmaterialsbyexaminingtheories,concepts,legalprinciplesandstatutoryregulationsrelatedtothisresearch(lawinthe books). This type of research is also better known as the library approach,namelybystudyingbooks,lawsandregulationsandotherdocumentsrelatedtothisresearch(Yudiono,2013).
Datacollectiontechniquesinnormativelegalresearchareusingsecondarydatacollection.Secondarydatacollectionisthecollectionofdatausingliteraturestudyand reviewingwritten informationabout the law that comes fromvarioussourcesandisalsowidelypublished.Thewritingofthisresearchwascarriedoutwithliteraturestudy,whichisawayofcollectingdatabyconductingsearchesand
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examining library materials. In secondary data collection, the scope of librarymaterialreferredtoisintheformofofficialdocuments,librarybooks,legislation,articles, literature, research results, scientific magazines, scientific bulletin,scientificjournalsanddocumentsrelatedtothematerial.research.Thesecondarylegalmaterialconsistsofthreeparts,namely:
1) Primary legal materials, namely legal materials which include statutoryregulationsandallofficialdocumentscontaininglegalprovisions(Apeldoom,2005).
2) Secondary legal materials, namely legal materials that assist or supportprimary legal materials in research that will strengthen the explanationtherein,suchasbooks,articles,journals,researchresults,andpapersrelatedto the protection of personal data plus search activities. data using theinternet.
3) Tertiarylegalmaterials,namelylegalmaterialsthatprovideinstructionsorexplanations for primary and secondary legal materials such as legaldictionariesandencyclopedias(Ibrahim,2006)Thetypeofapproachusedisthestatutoryapproach(statueapproach).The
Thedataanalysisusedisthenormativeanalysismethod,byinterpretinganddiscussing the research results based on legal understanding, legal norms, legaltheories and doctrines related to the subjectmatter discussed. Legal norms areneeded as major premises, then correlated with relevant facts used so thatconclusions can be drawn on the problem. This data analysis is descriptivequalitative by describing it in the form of systematic explanation so that it hasmeaninganddrawsconclusions.ResultsandDiscussionDraftBillontheProhibitionofAlcoholicDrinks
The State of Indonesia is a constitutional state, this provision is stated inArticle1paragraph(3)ofthefourthamendmenttothe1945Constitution,whichstates"Indonesiaisastateoflaw".Ifwelookattheseprovisions,allaspectsoflifewhetherinthesocial,political,cultural,economicfieldsareregulatedandlimitedbyapplicablelegalnorms(Ali,2010).Thereforeallproblemsthatariseinpeople'slivesmustberesolvedaccordingtotheapplicablelaw,aswellasthecriminalactscommitted.
Asaconsequence,ineverylegalstate,whatevertypeitadheresto,thelawmustbethebasisforeveryaction,lawhasthehighestpositioninthestate,whileinthe understanding of people's sovereignty, it is the people who are consideredsovereignaboveeverythingwhichthengivesbirthtoademocraticsystem.
WithregardtotheBillontheProhibitionofMinol(AlcoholicDrinks)wherethefreedomtousealcoholicdrinksforsaleandpurchaseandforconsumption,thisbillmightbecomeverycontroversialifitwaspassedbecausealmostthemajorityofthepeopleinIndonesiaconsumealcoholicdrinksaswellasformedicalactivities,entertainmentandWheneliminating stress, if you lookat thedraft that isbeing
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processed from agricultural products containing carbohydrates by fermentationanddistillationorfermentationwithoutdistillation,eitherbygivingpriortreatmentor not, adding other ingredients or not, or being processed by mixing theconcentratewithethanolorbydilutingethanol-containingdrinks.
2.Eachpersonisanindividualorbusinessentitywithlegalentityornot3. Central Government, hereinafter referred to as the Government, is the
Article 5 Everyone is prohibited from producing class A, class B, class CAlcoholicBeverages,andmixedorconcoctedAlcoholicBeveragesasreferredtoinArticle4.
Article6Everyoneisprohibitedfromimporting,storing,distributing,and/or selling Alcoholic Beverages of class A, group B, group C, traditional AlcoholicDrinks,andmixedorconcoctedAlcoholicDrinksasreferredtoinArticle4intheterritoryoftheRepublicofIndonesia.
Article 7 Everyone is prohibited from consuming class A, class B, class CAlcoholicBeverages,andmixedorconcoctedAlcoholicBeveragesasreferredtoinArticle4.
referredtoinArticle11andArticle12iscoordinatedby:a.NationalPoliceoftheRepublicofIndonesiaforthenationallevel;b.governorfortheprovince;andc.regent/mayorforregency/cityareas.(2)Furtherprovisionsregarding the implementationof supervisionbyan
(2)Funding for theactivitiesof the IntegratedTeamat theprovincialanddistrict/citylevelsshallbesourcedfromtheRegionalBudget.
Article16Intheeventthattheresultsof thesupervisionasreferredto inArticle14paragraph(3)showinitialevidencethatacriminalacthasoccurred,theinvestigation shall be carried out immediately by the authorized investigator inaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheLegislation.
CHAPTERVROLEANDCOMMUNITYArticle 17 (1) The public can participate in the supervision of Alcoholic
Drinks.(2) Participation as referred to in paragraph (1) shall be carried out by
Article 20Everypersonwho consumesAlcoholicDrinks as referred to inArticle7shallbepunishedwithimprisonmentofat least(3)threemonthsandamaximumof2(two)yearsorafineofatleastRp.10,000,000,-(tenmillion)andamaximumofRp.50,000,000.00(fiftymillionrupiah).
Article21(1)InthecaseofanactasreferredtoinArticle20disturbingpublicorder or threatening the security of other people, the punishment shall beimprisonmentforatleast1(one)yearandamaximumof5(five)yearsorafineofat least Rp. 20,000,000, -and a maximum of Rp. 100,000,000.00 (one hundredmillionrupiah).
a. Political rights (political right), namely the right to participate ingovernment, the right to vote and be elected in elections, the right toestablishapartyandsoon.
b. Economichumanrights(propertyright),therighttoownsomething,buyandsellit,anduseit.
c. Legalhumanrights(rightoflegalequality),namelytherighttoreceiveequaltreatment in law and government. As well as the right to receive equaltreatment in judicial procedures and protection (procedural right). Forexampleregulationsin,arrest,search,trialandsoon.
d. Socialandculturalrights(socialandcultureright),forexampletherighttochooseeducation,developcultureandsoon.
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e. Personalright,whichincludesfreedomofexpression,freedomtoembracereligionandsoonJudging from this aspect, the existenceof human rights gives everyone to
havefreedomofopinionthentheBillontheProhibitionofMinol(AlcoholDrinking)can be detrimental to some people, especially for areas experiencing watershortages,sometimestheyuseliquortoquenchthirst,takingoneexample.thatis,people in the Bangli district in Asongan villagewhere the place uses traditionalliquorwinetoreplacewater,unconsciouslythisbillisdetrimentaltosomepeopleduetolackofwaterinthearea.Conclusion
From the explanation above, it can be concluded that the Bill on theProhibition of Minol (Alcoholic Drinks) can be detrimental to several parties, ifeveryonewhoviolatesusingliquorandissubjecttoarticles18,19,20and21thentherewillbeaverydrasticincreaseincrimeinIndonesia.
Suggestion
In this case, the enforcement of human rights against the Bill on theProhibitionofMinol(AlcoholicDrinks)mustbereviewedagainbytheDPRintermsoftheirrightswhohaveseveralobstaclestoconsumingliquorasasubstituteforwaterduetoalackofwatersourcesinaplace,becauseifthishappensifthishappensortheRuuislegalized,theincreaseincrimeinIndonesiawillincreasedrastically,whichduetocircumstances,apersonhastherighttofightfortherightstheywanttogetherbecauselawisthehopeofawaytoguidethecountryandthepeopletothedesiredstate.Aflawedlawwillonlyleadtothedestructionofthepeople.
