Libiamo ne' lieti calici Ancient Near Eastern Studies Presented to Lucio Milano on the Occasion of...

Libiamo ne’ lieti calici

Ancient Near Eastern Studies Presented to Lucio Milano on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday by Pupils, Colleagues and Friends

edited by Paola Corò, Elena Devecchi, Nicla De Zorzi,

and Massimo Maiocchi with the collaboration of Stefania Ermidoro

and Erica Scarpa

Alter Orient und Altes Testament

Veröffentlichungen zur Kultur und Geschichte des Alten Orients

und des Alten Testaments

Band 436

Herausgeber

Manfried Dietrich • Ingo Kottsieper • Hans Neumann

Lektoren

Kai A. Metzler • Ellen Rehm

Beratergremium

Rainer Albertz • Joachim Bretschneider • Stefan Maul

Udo Rüterswörden • Walther Sallaberger • Gebhard Selz

Michael P. Streck • Wolfgang Zwickel

Libiamo ne’ lieti calici

Ancient Near Eastern Studies Presented to Lucio Milano on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday by Pupils, Colleagues and Friends

edited by Paola Corò, Elena Devecchi, Nicla De Zorzi,

and Massimo Maiocchi with the collaboration of Stefania Ermidoro

and Erica Scarpa

2016 Ugarit-Verlag

Münster

Paola Corò, Elena Devecchi, Nicla De Zorzi, and Massimo Maiocchi (eds.) with the collaboration of Stefania Ermidoro and Erica Scarpa:

Libiamo ne’ lieti calici Ancient Near Eastern Studies Presented to Lucio Milano on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday by Pupils, Colleagues and Friends

Alter Orient und Altes Testament Band 436

© 2016 Ugarit-Verlag– Buch- und Medienhandel Münster

www.ugarit-verlag.de All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo-copying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Printed in Germany

ISBN 978-3-86835-197-2

ISSN 0931-4296

Printed on acid-free paper

Lucio at Jerwan (October 2013)

Table of Contents

Table of Contents ............................................................................................... vii

Foreword .............................................................................................................. xi

Note from the Editors ........................................................................................ xiv

Publications of Lucio Milano.............................................................................. xv

Section I. Eblaite Studies

Marco Bonechi Chi scrisse cosa a chi: struttura e prosopografia di 75.2342 = ARET XIII 3,

la “Lettera da Ḫamazi” eblaita .............................................................................. 3

Amalia Catagnoti

Il lessico dei vegetali ad Ebla: bosso .................................................................. 29

Marc Lebeau

Dating the Destructions of Ebla and Mari from Radiocarbon: An Update ......... 55

Maria Vittoria Tonietti

Sacrifices, Divination and Ritual Consumption of Meat: The uzu Deliveries

to the King of Ebla and the šu-mu-nígin of God NIdabal of Luban ................... 65

Section II. Food in Ancient Societies

Isabella Caneva La condivisione del cibo nella costruzione della società:

commensalità o razioni alimentari nel Calcolitico di Mersin-Yumuktepe ....... 101

Emanuele M. Ciampini

The King’s Food: A Note on the Royal Meal and Legitimisation .................... 115

Sabina Crippa

Food for a Ritual Identity .................................................................................. 127

Eleonora Cussini Family Banqueting at Palmyra: Reassessing the Evidence ............................... 139

Stefania Ermidoro Eating and Drinking in Dreams:

Tablet A of the Assyrian “Dream Book” .......................................................... 161

Michael Jursa

Talking of Eating and Food in Iron-Age Babylonia ......................................... 181

Daniele U. Lampasona

Food and Drinks in the Letter-Orders Corpus: A Quantitative Analysis .......... 199

viii Table of Contents

Cécile Michel Le pain à Aššur et à Kaneš ................................................................................ 221

Walther Sallaberger

Getreide messen ................................................................................................ 237

Nathan Wasserman

Fasting and Voluntary Not-Eating in Mesopotamian Sources .......................... 249

Section III. Administration and Social History

Giuseppe F. Del Monte

Tre set di registri da Nippur medio-babilonese dell’amministrazione

del tempio di Ninlil ........................................................................................... 257

Francis Joannès

Le (bīt) ḫuṣṣu et les contrats de construction néo-babyloniens ......................... 287

Massimiliano Marazzi

“Blinding” in Hittite Society: Form of Punishment or Ruling

for the Control of the Labor Force? .................................................................. 307

Manuel Molina Cases on Malpractice by Provincial Officers at Umma .................................... 319

David I. Owen New Additions to the Iri-Saĝrig/Al-Šarrākī Archives ...................................... 337

Section IV. Political History

Stefano de Martino

Hittite Diplomacy: The Royal Messengers ....................................................... 365

Mario Liverani

Shalmaneser III and His God Aššur .................................................................. 377

Piotr Michalowski

Sumerian Royal Women in Motown ................................................................ 395

Francesco Pomponio

Alcune note a riguardo di Gudea e di Ur-Namma ............................................ 405

Jack M. Sasson

The Wealth of Mari Era Kings.......................................................................... 423

Section V. Landscape, Archaeology and Material Culture

Francesco Di Filippo

Patterns of Movement through the Upper Mesopotamia:

The Urbana-Yale Itinerary as a Case-study ...................................................... 451

Table of Contents ix

Frederick M. Fales The Assyrian Lion-Weights: A Further Attempt .............................................. 483

Elena Rova

Ishtar in Shida Kartli? About a Recently Discovered

Fragment of Stone Plaque ................................................................................. 511

Monica Tonussi

Near Eastern Early Bronze Age Moulds for Casting

Disc-shaped “Ingots” ........................................................................................ 533

Karel Van Lerberghe – Gabriella Voet Dūr-Abiešuḫ and Venice: Settlements In-between Great Rivers ...................... 557

Section VI. Lexicography and Literary Criticism

Simonetta Ponchia

Expressive and Reflective Strategies in the Poem of “Erra and Išum” ............. 567

Maddalena Rumor

Aluzinnu Versus Ἀλαζών: On the Use of Medical Terminology

in the Babylonian and Greek Comic Traditions ................................................ 587

Gebhard J. Selz Who is a God? A Note on the Evolution of the Divine Classifiers

in a Multilingual Environment .......................................................................... 605

Piotr Steinkeller

Nanna/Suen, the Shining Bowl ......................................................................... 615

Section VII. The Ancient Near East in Modern Thought

Riccardo Contini – Simonetta Graziani Dittico napoletano su Pietro della Valle viaggiatore in Oriente........................ 629

Felice Israel Studi su Filosseno Luzzatto III: La corrispondenza con Ernest Renan ............. 683

Section VIII. Digital Tools for the Study of the Ancient Near East

Giorgio Buccellati

The Digital Itinerary of the Texts of Ebla ......................................................... 703

Marilyn Kelly-Buccellati

The Urkesh Ceramics Digital Book .................................................................. 721

Indices ............................................................................................................. 735

Selected Toponymns and Geographical Features ............................................ 735

Selected Personal Names .................................................................................. 740

x Table of Contents

Divine Names and Celestial Bodies .................................................................. 746

Selected Words and Syntagmata ....................................................................... 747

Selected Buildings ............................................................................................ 752

Selected Primary Sources ................................................................................. 752

Selected Keywords ........................................................................................... 762

Foreword This book celebrates Lucio Milano’s many scholarly achievements in the field of Ancient Near Eastern studies. As former pupils of his who have all greatly benefitted from his wide-ranging scholarship, guidance and support, we felt it was time for us to reciprocate by presenting him with this collection of essays from pupils, friends, and colleagues, as a token of our gratitude and affection on the occasion of his 65th birthday. On the other hand, we could also imagine his reaction: “Oh ragazzi!… what are we celebrating? It’s too early for my retire-ment!”. Our excuse is that in offering the present volume to Lucio at this time, we arbitrarily picked his 65th birthday as one occasion among the many special events that could have been chosen instead. We have no doubt that there will be many other celebrations for our dear friend Lucio in the future.

Although Lucio’s Assyriological interests are manifold, we sought to narrow the scope of this volume to topics that over the course of his career have grown particular close to his heart.

Lucio’s wide-ranging work and interests reflect his intellectual formation. He studied Classics at “La Sapienza” University in Rome and graduated summa cum laude in 1975 with a thesis on “Viticultura e enologia nell’Asia anteriore antica”, written under the supervision of Mario Liverani. Appointed in 1977 to the Institute of Ancient Near Eastern Studies (“Istituto di Studi del Vicino Oriente”) in Rome, he continued to work at “La Sapienza” University as “ricer-catore universitario confermato” (1981–1993) at the Department of History, Archaeology and Anthropology (“Dipartimento di Scienze Storiche, Archeolo- giche e Antropologiche dell’Antichità”) and as Professor of History of the An-cient Near East (1984–1987) for the post-graduate course in Oriental Studies (“Corso di Specializzazione in Studi Orientali”). In 1993 he moved to “Ca’ Foscari” University in Venice as Associated Professor and since 2001 he has held at that university the chair of History of the Ancient Near East as Full Pro-fessor.

Lucio’s research focuses on the social, economic, and political history of the third millennium BC, with special focus on Syria and northern Mesopotamia, especially Ebla and Tell Beydar, an area on which he has published extensively. His scholarly publications include several text editions and studies on a wide range of topics, which he explores through a multi-faceted approach, ranging from linguistics to prosopography, to digital tools for the study of the Ancient Near East. He is a leading scholar in the history of palaeonutrition, to which he has contributed articles and congress volumes, as a director of research projects and as a supervisor of doctoral theses. Since the early part of his career he has been heavily involved in archaeology as well, participating as an epigraphist in the expeditions to Ebla, Tell Ashara, Tell Mozan, Tell Leilan and Tell Beydar. In addition, he was active between 1997 and 2010 as director of the “Ca’ Fosca-

xii P. Corò – E. Devecchi – N. De Zorzi – M. Maiocchi

ri” team at the Syro-European archaeological mission of Tell Beydar. Always ahead of his time, he has worked in digital humanities since the early 1980s, taking part in 1982–1983 in the “Project in the Computer Analysis of the Ebla Texts” initiated by G. Buccellati at the University of California, Los Angeles. Since 2010, he has been the chief editor of the project “Ebla Digital Archives” at “Ca’ Foscari” University.

Lucio has not only been a prolific researcher. Over the years, he has invested an enormous amount of time and energy in activities aiming at the divulgation of knowledge on the Ancient Near East to a wider audience, stimulating at the same time pertinent research. All of the undersigned – and many besides us – have benefitted from his inspirational teaching, from general courses for under-graduates to specialized seminars for doctoral and post-doctoral students. He has succeeded in establishing his own “school” of Ancient Near Eastern studies at “Ca’ Foscari” University. The defining characteristic of our “Venetian school” is not a single theme – far be it from Lucio’s mind to impose a single area of specialization on those who study with him – but is rather its spiritus rector’s historical methodology and openness to different approaches to elucidating the multifaceted realities of the Ancient Near East. This attitude is exemplified by Lucio’s endeavours under the auspices of the “Advanced Seminar in the Hu-manities: Literature and Culture in the Ancient Mediterranean: Greece, Rome and the Near East” at the Venice International University, which he has co-organized since 2005. A volume recently published under his editorship, Il Vicino Oriente antico dalle origini ad Alessandro Magno (2012), is on its way to becoming a standard manual for Ancient Near Eastern and Egyptian history in Italian universities. Mention must also be made of the journal Kaskal, founded in 2003, of which Lucio is co-director, and which has grown into an internation-ally recognized and increasingly influential forum for the multi-disciplinary study of Ancient Near Eastern cultures.

International recognition for Lucio’s scientific achievements is reflected in his activities, under various titles, at “Ca’ Foscari” University, as well as at uni-versities outside Italy, such as UCLA, Cornell University, and the École Pra-tique des Hautes Études.

Lucio’s contagious enthusiasm, gentleness, and wit immediately captivate all those who work with him. Only he – as students, colleagues, and friends have learned – could turn brisk walks with him through the Venetian calli towards Venice’s railway station into unique opportunities to discuss Assyriology and the vagaries of life. Moreover, his advice is delivered not only in this peripatetic form, but also in the many toasts offered during the numerous informal dinner parties held at his home for welcoming visiting scholars, or for celebrating shared successes.

All this is clearly reflected, we believe, in the contributions to this volume, which stand as a token of appreciation, certainly of Lucio Milano as an out-

Foreword xiii

standing scholar, but also, and perhaps more significantly, of Lucio as a Mensch. Thus, once more, let us stand and raise our glasses to celebrate Lucio’s 65th

birthday. Salute! Venice, Turin, Vienna March 30th, 2016 Paola Corò Elena Devecchi Nicla De Zorzi Massimo Maiocchi

New Additions to the Iri-Saĝrig/Al-Šarrākī Archives

David I. Owen

Lucio Milano’s wide-ranging interests in, and contributions to, the social and economic histo-ry of Syro-Mesopotamia mark his distinguished career as a scholar and teacher at the Univer-

sità Ca’ Foscari Venezia. In recognition of his jubilee I offer these newly identified texts1 from Iri-Saĝrig/Al-Šarrākī to my dear friend and colleague, hoping that this modest offering will

find favor in his eyes.

In 2013, after nearly a decade of following the trail of the scattered archives from Iri-Saĝrig/Al-Šarrākī, an important provincial city during the Third Dynas-ty of Ur, I published ca. 1400 tablets that were identified on the Internet and in various and diverse sources, and that could be associated with the site.2 This fol-lowed upon the publication in 2007 of the Garšana archives, from yet another unidentified location, that provided remarkable insights into the organization of a provincial estate in Sumer.3 Each publication represents the recovery of dis-persed archives from Sumerian cities whose respective locations remain unde-termined and whose pillaging reflects the widespread tragedy that has befallen archaeological and religious sites and monuments throughout the Middle East today. In spite of the criticism by those who condemn or otherwise reject the study of texts devoid of legally excavated provenance, the publication of these sources remains a significant contribution to our understanding of the history, civilization and culture of Mesopotamia in general and, in this case, our knowledge of the Third Dynasty of Ur in particular. However, because of the limited success in curtailing the dispersal of artifacts from sites in Iraq, cunei-form tablets from these and many other sites continue to appear on the Internet and in different venues. As a result, a concerted effort is being made to identify and document these dispersed tablets whenever and wherever they appear. When identified, transliterations and photos are provided to both the BDTNS and CDLI with the hope that the originals will one day be located and revisions and corrections can be added when provided.4 In many cases transliterations are pro-

1 Some of these new texts were posted previously on BDTNS and CDLI although subsequent collation and study have improved their readings. I have indicated either the BDTNS or CDLI photo numbers where available. I also have included digital photos whenever they were of publishable quality. I would like to thank Bob Englund, Pekka Erelt, Laura Johnson-Kelly, Alexandra Kleinerman, Renee Kovacs, Manuel Molina, Francisco Molino Olmedo, and Ben Sinclair for their help in bringing these texts to my attention and/or for providing digital im-ages that made their respective publications possible. 2 Owen 2013, hereafter Nisaba 15/1–2. 3 Owen et al. 2007, 2009; Heimpel 2009; Owen 2011. 4 The texts transliterated in Nisaba 15/2 were based often on digital photos downloaded from the Internet or otherwise provided. Since then, most of these texts have changed hands and

338 D.I. Owen

duced from photos that often are not entirely clear or complete, or from tablets that are either damaged or not adequately cleaned. Parentheses indicate the ex-istence of signs that are obscure on the photos or assumed to exist on those parts of the tablets covered by dirt, salt or otherwise not visible. In spite of these limi-tations, the information that can be gleaned from these texts often is important, if not unique, and can add details to previously published documentation for Iri-Saĝrig/Al-Šarrākī as well as for other sites. The following texts, each securely associated with the Iri-Saĝrig/Al-Šarrākī archives by their unique calendar and contents, are offered with these caveats in mind. In addition, non-literal transla-tions are provided along with selected comments to relate these texts to the pre-vious published archives in Nisaba 15/1–2.5 The recovery and rapid publication of the Iri-Saĝrig/Al-Šarrākī archives have made available the records of an im-portant governorship that advance our knowledge of the politics, international relations, economics, religion, and culture of Sumer. At the same time, they con-tinue to enhance our understanding of the role that the Akkadian population was playing in Sumerian society at the end of the third millennium BCE.

sometimes reappeared elsewhere, occasionally cleaned or otherwise provided with better pho-tos. Whenever new data were obtained they were entered into both BDTNS and CDLI. As a result, when using the original publications texts should be checked against these sites for up-dated readings. Note, for example, Nisaba 15/2 401, recently updated based on new photos from the Iraq Museum provided to BDTNS by Abather Rahi Saadoon. The obverse can be read more clearly as: (1.) 5/6 ma-na 1/3 gín / 15 še kù-sig17 (2.) zà*-bar* ša-am-ša-tum-ta* / ba-ra-al* (3.) ur-dnin-tu-ra / ù ur-dnanše (4.) šu ba-ti-éš*. See also the following note. 5 For many additions and numerous collations and corrections to Nisaba 15/2 see the exten-sive review by Ozaki 2015–2016 (in press). It is based, in part, on the forthcoming publication of a major addition to the Iri-Saĝrig archive by Sigrist – Ozaki 2016 (forthcoming) which will more than double the number of Iri-Saĝrig texts previously available and will enhance greatly the study and analysis of this fascinating archive. I would like to thank Prof. Ozaki for provid-ing me with an advance copy of his review article and his forthcoming 2016 publication with Sigrist of additional Iri-Saĝrig/Al-Šarrākī texts.

New Additions to the Iri-Saĝrig/Al-Šarrākī Archives 339

1. Source: CDLI P471573 Date: AS 7/ezem-dšul-gi/-Sealed Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig obv. 1. 3 ad7-udu-ú 2. ùĝ-ga6 3. íb-gu7

rev. 4. BLANK SPACE - SEAL 5. iti ezem-dšul-gi 6. mu ḫu-úḫ-nu-ri ~ki ba-ḫulu Seal ur-[DN?] dub-[sar] dumu lú-den-[. . .]

3 range-fed sheep carcasses, the porter(s) ate them in the month of the Festival of Šulgi, the year Ḫuḫnuri was raided. Sealed by Ur-[DN], scribe, son of Lu-EN-[…].

Commentary This text adds an additional reference to the use of meat to feed porters, messen-gers, workers and officials at Iri-Saĝrig. Cf. Nisaba 15/2 246 and 603 for similar texts. For the use of meat in general at Iri-Saĝrig, cf. Nisaba 15/1, 33 fn. 60.

l.1. Two different signs, ad7 and àd, are used in the archive to designate ani-mal carcasses. Cf. my remarks in Nisaba 15/1, 361 fn. 573.

2. Source: CDLI P479900 Date: AS 7/še-kíĝ-ku5/- Not sealed Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig obv. 1. 59 ĝuruš 2. 6 gín ì-šáḫ-(ta) 3. ì-šáḫ-bi 4 5/6 sìla ~ 4 gín 4. níĝ-dab5 ùĝ-ga6- ~e-ne

rev. 5. šu ba-ti 6. ugula (u)r-šu-kab 7. BLANK SPACE 8. iti še-kíĝ-ku5 9. mu ḫu-úḫ-nu- ~riki ba-ḫulu

340 D.I. Owen

9 workers (received) 6 shekels of lard each, its total lard was 4 5/6 liters and 4 shekels; requisitions of the porters were received in the month of the Harvesting of Barley, the year Ḫuḫnuri was raided. The supervisor was Ur-šukab.

Commentary l.6. An ugula Ur-šu-kab occurs in three unpublished Iri-Saĝrig texts (Sigrist –

Ozaki 2016, forthcoming).

3. Source: CDLI P479835 Date: AS 8/gi-si11-ga/3 Not sealed Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig obv. 1. 56 ĝéme ~ d(ú-ra) 2. ugula ur-(dḫendur-saĝ) 3. u4-3-kam

rev. 4. iti gi-si11-ga 5. mu en-un(ugaki) ~ ba-ḫuĝ

56 sick workerwomen under the supervision of Ur-Ḫendursaga, on the third day of the month of (the Building of the) Reed Hut, the year the en-priest of (Inana of) Uruk was chosen.

Commentary For similar texts, cf. Nisaba 15/2 98 (AS 8/iv/19) and 102 (AS 8/v/17) and no. 4 below. l.2. Ur-Hendursaĝa is otherwise known as a supervisor of weavers in Nisaba

15/2 147 and 168. For additional references cf. Nisaba 15/1, 539 s.v.

4. Source: CDLI P472770 Date: AS 8/gi-si11-ga/- Not sealed Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig obv. 1. 41 géme ~ dú-ra 2. ugula ur-dḫendur-saĝ 3. u4-42?-kam

rev. 4. BLANK SPACE 5. iti gi-si11-ga 6. mu en-eriduki ~ ba-ḫuĝ


41 sick workerwomen under the supervision of Ur-ḫendur-saĝ, for the (equivalent of) 42 work-days, in the month of the (Building of the) Reed Hut, the year the (high) priest of Eridu was chosen.

Commentary l.1. For similar accounts of sick sick worker women, cf. Nisaba 15/2 98 (73 sick

servant girls), dated to the same year and month and 102 (54 sick servant girls), dated to the same year but a month earlier. This cluster of large num-bers of sick servant girls, over a one-month period, is unusual and may re-flect an illness that swept through the workforce at that time.

l.2. The supervisor, Ur-Ḫendursaĝ, is the same supervisor in the texts cited in the comments to line 1 and in three additional texts (Nisaba 15/2 135, 147, and 168) where he supervises many other textile workerwomen. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 539 fn. 718 s.v. and no. 4 above.

5.

Source: Molino Olmedo 10-15-14 Date: ŠS 2/ezem-a-bi/15 Not sealed Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig Messenger texts, i.e. ration distribution accounts, constitute the largest single class of tablets so far recovered from the Iri-Saĝrig/Al-Šarrākī archives. Alt-hough relatively uniform in format and contents, there is a remarkable diversity in the range of assignments that are found in these records in the form of subor-dinate temporal clauses (cf. Nisaba 15/1, 165–182). The current text is in keep-ing with this diversity and provides another assignment that is recorded for the first time: “when they (i.e. the messengers) came to guard barley at the bank of the Ṭabi-Mama canal”. The royal messengers and officials cited in the text are nearly all attested in the previously published archives.

342 D.I. Owen

obv. 1. 1 sìla (tu7) 1 ku6 2. ì-lí-aš-ra-ni lú-kíĝ- ~gi4-a-lugal 3. 1 sìla tu7 1 ku6 4. a-ki lú-kíĝ-gi4-a-lugal 5. 1 sìla tu7 1 ku6 6. šu-ku-bu-um ~ lú-kíĝ-gi4-a-lugal 7. 1 sìla tu7 1 ku6 8. u4 en-nu še gú i7-ṭá-bí- ~ma-ma-šè im-e-re-ša-a 9. dur(BÀD)-ì-lí lú-kíĝ-gi4-a- ~lugal

rev. 10. 1 sìla tu7 (1) ku6 11. šu-ma-ma sìla-šu-du8

12. 1 sìla tu7 1 ku6 13. lugal-me-lám lú-kíĝ-gi4-a- ~lugal 14. u4 ḫu-(u)r-tum-ta ~ ki lugal-šè im-ĝen-na-a 15. BLANK SPACE 16. zi-ga 17. iti ezem-a-bi 18. mu má-dàra-ab-zu- ~den-ki-ka ba-dím Side 19. u4-15-kam

1 liter of soup/stew for Ili-ašrani, the royal messenger; 1 liter of soup/stew for Aki, the royal messenger; 1 liter of soup/stew for Šukubum, the royal messenger, when they went to guard the barley at the bank of the Ṭabi-Mama canal. 1 liter of soup/stew for Dur-ili, the royal messenger; 1 liter of soup/stew for Šu-Mama, the cup-bearer; 1 liter of soup/stew for Lugal-melam, the royal messenger, when he (they?) came to the royal place from Ḫurtum. Expenditures on the 15th day of the month of the Abi-Festival, the year the ibex-boat of the great deep of Enki was constructed.

Commentary l.4. The name of the royal messenger, A-ki, is new to the corpus unless it is a

variant of the names A-ki-a-ni or A-ki-ma for which cf. Nisaba 15/1, 468 s.v. l.8. For the Ṭabi-Mama canal, excavated during the first three years of Ibbi-

Suen’s reign, cf. Nisaba 15/1, 384 fn. 668. According to Wilcke 1972, 55–61, it was located four days travel by boat to the east of Umma.

l.9. Dur(BÀD)-ili, a royal messenger, mentioned only once in Iri-Saĝrig, is also known from Maškan-šarrum, cf. Nisaba 15/1, 481–482 fn. 598.

l.11. Šu-Mama is a frequently attested name in the archive but this is the first time the name is qualified as a cup-bearer. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 529 s.v.

l.13. This is the first time Lugal-melam occurs as a royal messenger. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 507 s.v.

l.14. Ḫurtum occurs frequently in the archive. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 550 s.v. for ref-erences.

l.17. The so far unique calendar of Iri-Saĝrig is the best means of associating a text with the archive in addition to prosopography or other identifiable fea-tures in the texts. For the reconstruction of the calendar of Iri-Saĝrig, cf. Nisaba 15/1, 64–76 and the additional remarks in Cohen 2015, 207–212.


6. Photo: Fig. 1 Source: CUNES 58-05-027 Date: ŠS 4/še-kíĝ-ku5/- Seal illegible Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig env. obv. 1. [0.2.]3. [gazi] 2. dam dšul-gi ~na-da 3. mu-kux(DU) 4. simat-dKA.[DI] 5. šu-dnisaba

env. rev. 6. šu ba-an-ti 7. šà nibru[ki] 8. BLANK SPACE – SEAL 9. iti še-[kíĝ-ku5] 10. mu ús-[sa si-ma-númki] [~ ba-ḫulu] Seal illegible

tab. obv. 1. 0.2.3. gazi 2. dam dšul-gi ~na-da 3. mu-kux(DU) 4. simat-dištaran

tab. rev. 5. šu-dnisaba 6. šu ba-an-ti 7. BLANK SPACE 8. [iti še]-kíĝ-ku5 9. [mu ús-sa si]-ma-núm<ki> ~ ba-ḫulu

150 liters of mustard greens, the delivery for Simat-Ištaran, Šu-Nisaba received from/for Šulgi-nada’s wife in Nippur in the month of the Barley Harvest, the year after Simanum was raided.

Commentary l.2. The name Šulgi-nada is known from only two sites, Puzriš-Dagan and Iri-

Saĝrig. In the latter he appears as a giri17(KIR4)-dab5, kirtappu (Nisaba 15/2 598:20 [IS 1/gi-si11-ga/20], 887:8 [IS 2/MN/n], 1065:6 [n.d.]). Thus the text and person can be associated with Iri-Saĝrig.

l.4. Simat-Ištaran is presumably the princess and wife of the general and physi-cian, Šu-Kabta, both well known now from the Garšana archives. Each ap-pears also in the Iri-Saĝrig archives, one of a number of indications for a close connection between the two places.

l.5. Šu-Nisaba is a relatively common name in the Iri-Saĝrig archives and identi-fied variously as a scribe, royal messenger, and cupbearer. Since the name here has no title, it is impossible to associate this text directly with a specific individual in the archive. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 531 s.v. for references.

344 D.I. Owen

7. Photo: Fig. 2 Source: CUNES 58-01-065 Date: ŠS 6/-/- Sealed Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig6 env. obv. [1. 13 gi sa-1-ta] [2. 25 gi ĝešmes sa- ~1-ta] [3. ki ku-e-la-ak ugula-ĝeš- ~kíĝ-ti] [4. ip-qú-ša lú-(lùnga)]

rev. 5. šu ba-ti 6. BLANK SPACE - SEAL 7. mu dšu-dsuen lu[gal]- ~uri5ki-ma-[ke4] ~ [na-rú]-a-maḫ]- ~[den-líl-dni]n-líl ~ [mu-ne-dù]

tab. obv. 1. 13 gi sa-1-ta 2. 25 gi ĝešmes ~1-ta 3. ki ku-e-la-ak ugula-ĝeš- ~kíĝ-ti 4. ip-qú-ša lú-(lùnga)

rev. 5. šu ba-ti 6. BLANK SPACE 7. mu dšu-dsuen lu[gal]- ~uri5ki-ma-[ke4] 8. na-rú-a-maḫ- 9. den-líl- 10. dnin-líl-ra 11. mu-ne-dù Seal ip-qú-ša dub-sar dumu gu-NI-zum

13 reeds, in one bundle each, 25 reeds of mes-wood, in one bundle each, Ipquša, the brewer, received from Ku’elak, overseer of craftsmen, in the year Šu-Suen, king of Ur, erected a magnificent stela for Enlil and Ninlil.

6 Assigned because it contains the same seal impression as CUNES 58-01-066, which has an Iri-Saĝrig month name, and also mentions Ku-e-la-ak, supervisor of the craft workshop, who is well known also from Iri-Saĝrig (Nisaba 15/1, 500 s.v.). Ip-qú-ša is also well attested at Iri-Saĝrig (ibid., 498 s.v.).


Commentary l.1. Although clearly written, the meaning of this line with 1-sa-ta is obscure.

The translation offered is tentative. l.2. Note the unusual ending of the mes-sign if indeed the reading is correct. l.4. Ipquša’s title is obscured by an adhering envelope fragment but is known

from Nisaba 15/2 56: 14 and 757: 5 and as ugula lú-lùnga in 757: 105 and 180: viii, 1’.

8. Photo: Fig. 3 Source: CUNES 58-05-024 Date: ŠS 8/ezem-a-bi/- Sealed Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig env. obv. 1. 2.0.0. úkuš gur 2. géme-uš-bar-e 3. šu ba-ab-ti 4. ki a-lí-ni-su 5. zi-ga

rev. 6. BLANK SPACE - SEAL 7. iti ezem-a-bi 8. mu dšu-dsuen lugal- ~uri5ki-ma-ke4 ~ ma-da za-ab- ~ša-liki ~ mu-ḫulu

tab. obv. 1. 2.0.0. úkuš gur 2. géme-uš-bar-e 3. šu ba-ab-ti 4. ki a-lí-ni- ~su

rev. 5. zi-ga 6. iti ezem-a-bi 7. mu dšu-dsuen lugal- ~uri5ki-ma-ke4 ~ ma-da za-ab- ~ša-liki mu- ~ḫulu

The female weavers received two bushels of cucumbers, the expenditure of Ali-nisu in the month of the Abi-Festival, the year Šu-Suen, king of Ur, destroyed the land of Zabšali.

Commentary l.1. úkuš, Akk. qiššu, “cucumber,” occurs here for the first time in this archive and otherwise only occasionally at Umma (three times) and Ĝirsu (seven times).

346 D.I. Owen

9. Photo: Fig. 4 Source: CUNES 58-05-004 Date: IS 1/níg-den-líl-lá/ Not Sealed Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig obv. 1. 1 sìla ì-ĝeš 2. ur-maḫ-e 3. ba-ab-šeš4 4. ĝìri ur-dšul-pa- ~[è] sipa-ur-maḫ

rev. 5. BLANK SPACE 6. zi-ga 7. iti níĝ-den-líl-lá 8. [mu] i-bí- ~[dsuen luga]l

1 liter of sesame oil was “poured out” for the lions under the authority of Ur-Šulpa’e, overseer of the lions, in the month of Níĝ-Enlila, the year Ibbi-Suen be-came king.

Commentary l.3. It is unclear why sesame oil was being used for lions that also were being

fed bread and meat at Iri-Saĝrig. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 111–112, 130 fn. 274–275, 419 s.v.

l.4. For Ur-Šulpae, lion warden, cf. Nisaba 15/1, 112 s.v.

10. Source: Molino Olmedo 1 (via BDTNS) Date: IS 1/ezem-d li9-si4/- Not sealed Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig


obv. 1. 0.0.3. ninda 2. 9 sìla níĝ-ì-dé-a 3. 6 ninda-ì 4. ėš-èš ki lugal-šè 5. 4.3.0.4 sìla kaš gur 6. 4.4.5. ninda gur 7. 0.0.2.6 sìla níĝ-ì-dé-a 8. 12 ninda-ì 9. 0.3.4. še 10. lú-kíĝ-gi4-a-lugal ù ~ zi-ga-didli 11. 7.4.0. kaš gur 12. 2.0.4. [x] gur

rev. 13. géme-uš-bar ki [a-lí]-ni-su 14. 3.3.5.9 sìla kaš gur 15. 0.2.0. gazi? 16. géme ĝeš-ì sur-sur géme-kíkken ~ ù géme-é-kurušda 17. 2.0.5.4 sìla kaš gur 18. 1.0.2.7 sìla ninda gur 19. ùĝ-ga6-me 20. 7.1.0. ninda gur 21. šà-gal ur-maḫ ù ur-gi7-ra-šè

22. im-bi 50 23. DOUBLE RULING 24. zi-ga gar-gar-a kaš-ninda 25. dadad-ra-bí agrig 26. iti ezem-dli9-si4

upper edge 27. mu di-bí-dsuen lugal

30 liters of bread, 3 liters of sweets, 6 fat-breads, for the shrines-festival at the royal place; 1384 liters of beer, 1490 liters of bread, 26 liters of sweets, 12 fat-breads, 220 liters of barley, (all) expenditures for various royal messengers; 2640 liters of beer, 650 liters of [x], 60 liters of mustard greens, for the female sesame oil pressers, female mill workers, and female servants of the fattener’s house; 654 liters of beer, 327 liters of bread, for the porters; 2160 liters of bread for the lions and dogs. Its (archive) tablet number is 50 (concerning) expenditures of accumu-lated totals of beer and bread. Adad-rabi was the steward (in charge) in the month of the Festival of Lisi, the year Ibbi-Suen became king.

Commentary For a similar text, cf. Nisaba 15/2 719. l.2. For the identification of níĝ-ì-dé-a as a kind of sweet, cf. Brunke 2011, 200–

201 §3.5. l.3. Given the number 6 in this line and 12 in line 8, and the absence of sìla in

both, the restoration of <sìla> in Nisaba 15/2 719:3 should be disregarded. The breads are obviously listed by loaves and not by weight. For fat-bread, cf. Brunke 2011, 139 §3.1.4.24.

l.13. Restoration based on Nisaba 15/2 719:10. l.15. For this sign (looks like LAM? in the photo), cf. Nisaba 15/2 875:9 that oc-

curs in similar context in an unpublished text provided by Sigrist and Ozaki that has a clear gazi in this position. Although maybe just a coincidence, the same quantity, 2 nigida of mustard greens, occurs once at Garšana and seven times at Umma. Cf. BDTNS/CDLI for references.

348 D.I. Owen

l.16. Female sesame oil pressers, female mill workers, and female servants of the fattener’s house are frequently attested throughout the Iri-Saĝrig archives. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 434–435 s.v. for references. While the oil pressers are anon-ymous, the millers are sometimes named.

l.21. For the feeding of bread, along with meat, to dogs and lions at Iri-Saĝrig, cf. Nisaba 15/1, 111–112, 130 fn. 274–275, 419 s.v.

l.22. The term im-bi, “its tablet (number),” occurs no less than eight times in the archives with numbers 11, 33, 35, 47, 50, 52 and 56. A very similar text from this group is Nisaba 15/2 719 that also has inim-bi 50, dated eight months later at IS 2/i/- is, perhaps, a kind of copy of the earlier record. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 385 s.v. Presumably many other tablets from this series existed in the archive and are a reflection of a recording procedure used by the scribe(s).

l.23. For the term, gar-gar-a, Akk. kumurrû, “(accumulated) total,” cf. Nisaba 15/1, 374 fn. 625 s.v.

l.24. Adad-rabi, the steward, is well attested for the two-year period, IS 1-2. For his career, cf. Nisaba 15/1, 96 fn. 230, 121–122, 472 fn. 577 s.v.

11.

Source: CDLI P479370 Date: IS 2/ezem-dli9-si4/25 Not sealed Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig obv. 1. 1 àd-udu-niga 2. ki ba-a-ga kurušda-ta 3. dadad-ra-bí ~ agrig 4. šu ba-ti

rev. 5. iti ezem-dli9-si4 ~ u4-25-ba-zal 6. mu en-dinana- ~unugaki máš-e ~ ì-pàd

Adad-rabi, the steward, received 1 fattened sheep carcass from Ba’aga, the ani-mal fattener, in the month of the Festival of Lisi at the end of the 25th day, the year the en-priest of Inana of Uruk was chosen.

Commentary l.2. Ba’aga deals with Adad-rabi, another well-known official at Iri-Saĝrig, with whom he appears often (Nisaba 15/1, 121, 471–472 and note 577).


12. Source: CDLI P479901 Date: IS 2/-/- Not sealed Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig obv. 1. 40.0.0. še gur 2. á saḫar-[r]a-šè 3. ki ilum-a-sú-ta 4. e-la-nu-id šabra

rev. 5. šu ba-ti 6. BLANK SPACE 7. mu en-d(inana)- ~unugaki máš-(e) ~ ì-pàd

40 bushels of barley wages for (the digging of) dirt, Elanuid, the major domo, re-ceived from Ilum-asu, the year the en-priest of Inana of Uruk was appointed.

Commentary l.3. For texts from Ilum-asu, cf. Nisaba 2/1, 495–496 s.v. l.4. For similar texts from the archive of Elanuid šabra, cf. Nisaba 15/2 505 and

920. There appears to be more than one person with this name. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 482 s.v.

13. Source: BDTNS 193790 Date: IS 3/-/- Not sealedProvenance: Iri-Saĝrig obv. 1. 4 5/6 gín kù-babbar 2. níĝ-gur11 šu-eš18-tár 3. ki d.ašaš7-gi4-(ba?-ni?)- ~ta 4. nu-úr-eš18-tár dam-gàr

rev. 5. šu ba-ti 6. igi šu-dnisaba 7. igi puzur4-dàš-gi5

8. mu si-mu-ru-umki ~ ba-ḫulu

4 5/6 shekels of silver, the available assets of Šu-Eštar, Nur-Eštar received from Ašgi-(bani). Witnessed by Šu-Nisaba and Puzur-Ašgi, the year Simurum was raided.

Commentary l.2. Texts dealing with níĝ-gur11, “available assets”, are numerous at Iri-Saĝrig.

Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 399 s.v. for references. Šu-Eštar is a common name at Iri-

350 D.I. Owen

Saĝrig; thus it is difficult to associate this text with anyone specific. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 527–528 s.v.

l.4. Nur-Eštar, the merchant, occurs in the archive for the first time although a royal messenger by that name is well known. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 514 s.v.

l.6. For Šu-Nisaba, cf. above, no. 6, line 5 and Nisaba 15/1, 531 s.v. l.7. For the relatively rare name Puzur-Ašgi, cf. Nisaba 15/1, 517 fn. 670.

14. Source: CDLI P272624 Date: -/-/- Not sealed Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig obv. 1. 2 (bur’u) gána šúkur érin- ~apin-àm 2. 6 (bùr) gána gu4- ~apin-àm

rev. 3. a-šà dab5-ba dnin- ~ur4-ra 4. ur-mes énsi-iri-SAĜ. ~PA.ḪÚB.DUki 5. ĜÌRI-a-šè ~ in-ĝá-am

129.6 hectares of subsistence field of the plow-workers; 38.9 hectares of field for the bull(team) plowers, (at?) the seized field of Nin-urta. (Under the authority of) Ur-mes, governor of Iri-Saĝrig and placed (at the disposal of) the “responsible of-ficial”.

Commentary l.3. The phrase a-šà dab5-ba, “seized land”, is found on only four previously

published texts (Maeda 1987, 329, no. 6: rev. ii 1, Delaporte 1912, 7048: 1 and 2 [= Pettinato 1977, no. 48:1-2], Cagni – Pettinato 1976 no. 1: rev. iv 16), the latter text discussed by Steinkeller 2013, 253. The phrase is followed by nin in Owen, Nisaba 15/2 no. 1058:rev. 3 and also by dal-la-tum on the un-published Ur III letter-order, BM 094502: 7 (= CDLI P374981) and on the unpublished BM 029943:6 (= CDLI P205152). It occurs again in an un-published Iri-Saĝrig text (n.d.) (ref. Sigrist and Ozaki).

l.4. This undated reference to Ur-mes can to be added to the compilation in Nisaba 15/1, 49 fn. 111, 52–57.

l.5. The phrase ĜÌRI-a-šè does not occur elsewhere. Its reading and meaning here are uncertain.


15. Source: BDTNS 193792 Date: (?/?/-) Not sealed (envelope fragment sealed, ill.) Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig obv. 1. 562.2.0. ésir-ḫád (gur) 2. 23.0.0. ésir-é-a (gur) 3. ki tu-ra-am-ì-lí ~ ugula dam-gàr-(ta) 4. ku-ru-ud-za dub-sar-(x)- ~(x)

rev. 5. šu ba-ti 6. BLANK SPACE 7. iti (MN) 8. mu ( YN) ~(. . .) ~(. . .) ~(. . .)

168,720 liters of dried bitumen and 6900 liters of house bitumen Kurudza re-ceived from Turam-ili, the merchant, in the nth month of the nth year.

Commentary For bitumen in general, cf. M. Stol 2012, 48–60.

ll.1-2. For related texts, cf. Nisaba 15/2, nos. 349, 538, 540, 680, 899, 1114. l.3. The career of the merchant Turam-ili, who traded in a number of differ-

ent specialized products, has been extensively discussed by S. Garfinkle 2012, 78–138 (with reference to previous studies, ib., 77 fn. 1) and 265 s.v. Cf. also Nisaba 15/1, 103.

l.5. Kurudza is well known at Iri-Saĝrig. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 501 s.v. for refer-ences. However, none of these references provides his scribal specialty and the published photo is not clear.

ll.6-7. Month and year names are obscured by an adhering envelope fragment.

16.7 Source: CDLI P453366 Date: AS 9/šu-ĝara(-gal) /(30) Not sealed Provenance: Iri-Saĝrig This well-preserved, five column tablet is an “inspection” account (kurum7-aka) of various classes of “attendants” (ĝìri-sè-ga) and their supervisors at Iri-Saĝrig. It is an important addition to our documentation for the kinds of workers as-signed to, or conscripted for, agricultural and related work at Iri-Saĝrig and, by extension, for Sumer in general. The large tablet is nearly perfectly preserved 7 Because of its size, this text was not placed in chronological order.

352 D.I. Owen

and, when cleaned, the reverse should be entirely readable. It was sold at auction (Paulfrasiercollectibles.com) and its present whereabouts remain unknown. It is related to a group of tablets published in Nisaba 15/2 (nos. 146, 148, 150, 151, and 165), all of the same date and with similar contents. The same two responsi-ble (ĝìri-)officials occur on each of the tablets. A closely related tablet, (Nisaba 15/2 195), also of the same date and with the same two responsible officials, is a balanced silver account (níĝ-kas7-aka) of the supervisor of merchants, Qurub-Ea. The role of Ur-Engaldudu, a general (šagina), and Ur-mes, the governor (énsi) of Iri-Saĝrig found in all but one of these accounts (text 195) is indicative of the importance of this archive that likely derives from the governor’s household. Many of the individuals listed in the account occur for the first time in the ar-chive and, other than the responsible officials, none can be definitively identi-fied with individuals from previously published texts from Iri-Saĝrig. Comments are provided for the lesser known, or newly attested, names in the archive. Many readings in columns vi–viii are based on traces visible on the photos but restora-tions remain tentative. obv. I 1. AŠ(D) lugal-igi-ḫuš

~ dub-sar-gu4-10 2. AŠ(D) lú-dab-ba6

~ dumu-ni 3. nu-dab5-me 4. dub-sar-gu4-10 ì-dab5 5. AŠ(D) árad-da-da 6. ERASED LINE 7. pisan-dub-ba saĝ-du5 8. DIŠ šu-ì-lí dumu-ni 9. kíkken ĝiri-sè-ga ~ dalla(PAP.NAGAR)-ta 10. AŠ(D) šu-den-líl ~ nu-bànda-gu4 11. AŠ ma-ma-tillat-su ~ šeš-a-ni 12. nu-dab5-me 13. nu-bànda-gu4 ì-dab5 14. AŠ(D) i-din-ilum engar 15. DIŠ šu-dištaran dumu- ~ni

II

16. AŠ(D) ku-ku 17. AŠ(D) šu-èr-ra 18. DIŠ da-da-ni 19. dumu-ni-me 20. zàḫ puzur4-ku-bi ~ dumu en-um-ì-lí 21. árad-me 22. i-dì-ilum engar ì-dab5 23. šu árad-e-bi 24. 1(D) da-ad-da engar 25. 1.0.0. ur-dnin-ísin(IN) 26. 0.1.0. dadad-ba-ni 27. dumu-ni-me 28. zàḫ dadad-tillati dumu ~ en-um-ì-lí 29. árad-me 30. 1(D) puzur4-kèški 31. sig7-a ĝeškiri6 za-an-za-núm ~ dumu a-ma-DU10 32. ĝeškiri6-ma-at-ì-lí ~ dumu-ni 33. nu-dab5-me


III

34. da-ad-da engar ~ ì-dab5 35. 1(D) ur-ddumu-zi ~ šeš mu-mu-e 36. dumu-aš šu-dnisaba 37. 0.1.0. la-qì-pu-um 38. dumu-ni-me 39. nu-dab5-me 40. zàḫ i-din-é-a 41. zàḫ dàš-gi5-ba-ni 42. 1(D) ip-qú-ša dumu ~ en-um-ì-lí 43. 1(D) nu-ra-a 44. 1(D) ba-lu-lu dumu ~ni 45. árad-me 46. ur-ddumu-zi engar ~ ì-dab5 47. 1(D) šu-ku-bu-um engar 48. 1(D) za-na-na 49. 1(D) šu-èr-ra 50. 1.0.0. ip-qú-ša 51. dumu-aš a-da-lál 52. dumu-ni-me 53. úš nu-úr-ì-lí 54. nu-dab5-me 55. zàḫ árad šu-èr-ra dumu ~ a-pi-lí-a 56. šu-ku-bu-um engar ~ ì-dab5 57. zàḫ ur-ddumu-zi engar ~ dumu nu-úr-ì-lí ba-úš 58. AŠ(D) puzur4-dàš-gi5

~ dumu im-tá-lik 59. AŠ(D) šar-ru-um-díd

60. AŠ(D) á-lí-id 61. dumu šu-ba-ar-ki-me 62. árad-me 63. ki nu-úr-ì-lí engar- ~ta

IV

64. ur-ddumu-zi engar ~ ì-dab5 65. BLANK LINE 66. šu-den-líl nu-bànda-gu4 ~ ì-dab5 67. AŠ(D) e-lu-lu-e nu-bànda- ~gu4

68. dumu AŠ(D) šu-dnin-šubur 69. DIŠ ur-ĝeškiri6

70. DIŠ šu-eš18-tár 71. dumu-ni-me 72. 1.0.0. šu-ddumu-zi ~ šeš-a-ni 73. nu-dab5-me 74. nu-bànda-gu4 ì-dab5

75. AŠ(D) ur-dgeštin-an-na ~ engar 76. AŠ(D) ur-dšul-pa-UD. ~DU 77. AŠ(D) tu-ra-am-ì- ~lí 78. dumu-aš a-da-lál 79. dumu-AŠ(D) la-al-ku-ta

80. dumu-ni-me 81. zàḫ puzur4-eš18-tár 82. árad-me 83. AŠ(D) lu-lu 84. DIŠ dinĝir?-ur-saĝ 85. DIŠ ú-ṭúl-ma-ma 86. dumu-ni-me 87. DIŠ puzur4-kèški 88. dumu ad-mu-um- ~me 89. zàḫ dan-šar-ru-um ~ šeš i-ṭur-ilum 90. nu-dab5-me 91. AŠ(D) warad-áš-ra-ni ~ dumu ga-ni 92. 0.1.0. ga-ni dumu-ni 93. ur-dgeštin-an-na ~ engar ì-dab5

354 D.I. Owen

V rev. VI

94. AŠ(D) é-ki engar 95. AŠ(D) en-ú-a 96. AŠ(D) ur-dšul-pa-è 97. dumu-aš ur-dsuen

98. DIŠ šu-dnin-šubur 99. DIŠ dšul-gi-ì-lí 100. DIŠ ili-sukal 101. DIŠ damar-dsuen-ba-ni 102. dumu-ni-me 103. AŠ(D) ur-dnanše 104. DIŠ ur-dšul-gi 105. zàḫ i-din-é-a 106. árad-me 107. é-ki engar ì-dab5 108. AŠ(D) nu-úr-ì-lí e(ngar?) ~ EN×MAŠ-kak dumu e-la-ak- ~(nu-id) 109. AŠ(D) ì-lí-me-ti dumu ~árad-da-ni 110. ki šu-na-gàr ugula(-?) 111. nu-bànda puzur4-ku- ~bi 112. AŠ(D) šu-kà-kà 113. AŠ(D) puzur4- dàš-gi5 114. şilli-dàš-gi5 115. dumu-aš a-bu-šu-ni 116. DIŠ a-pi-lí-a 117. DIŠ damar-dsuen-(ba-ni) 118. dumu-ni-me 119. árad-me 120. AŠ(D) zu-zu 121. AŠ(D) šu-me-me 122. DIŠ bu-la-lum

123. dumu-ni-me 124. ĝuruš-me 125. ki (x-x)-ì-lí engar-ta 126. nu-úr-ì-lí engar ì-dab5

127. AŠ(D) kur-bi-la-ak ~ (engar dumu x-x)-ì-lí 128. (AŠ(D)? lugal?-níĝ?)-lagar-e

VII

129. DIŠ? (ur?)-dsuen 130. DIŠ árad?-damar-dsuen 131. dumu-ni-me 132. AŠ(D) (kù?)-za-LUM 133. zàḫ ur-ĝeškiri6 134. dumu lugal-šeš-(me?) 135. árad-me 136. šu den-líl-lá 137. (kur)-bi-la-ak engar ~ ì-dab5

138. AŠ(D)? árad ab-ba engar 139. zàḫ é-a-ḫé-ĝál 140. AŠ(D) puzur4-d.aša(š7-gi4) 141. AŠ(D) šu-dnin-maš 142. AŠ(D) puzur4-a-bi 143. AŠ(D) ad-mu-um 144. dumu ba?-ni-a-me 145. árad-me 146. ab-ba engar ì-dab5

147. (. . . .) ~ (. . . .) 148. BLANK SPACE 149. (. . .) 150. (x-x) ki (x) ~ (. . . .) 151. AŠ(D) ur-ddumu-zi ~ dumu-ni 152. BLANK LINE 153. (. . . .) 154. DIŠ (. . .)-ḫa- ~ma-ti 155. dumu-ni-me 156. zàḫ? a-da-làl ~ šeš-a-ni 157. (árad-me) 158. AŠ(D)? x?-den-k[i]-(. .) 159. dumu (x-x) géme- ~kar-kidkìd

160. DIŠ en-um-ì-lí ~ dumu-ni


VIII IX

161. 1(D). puzur4-dli9- ~si4 nu-dab5 šeš a-lí- ~a-ḫa-ti 162. (x-x)-me 163. libir-àm 164. BLANK SPACE 165. BLANK SPACE 166. šu+níĝin AŠ(D) (. . .)-x 167. šu+níĝin AŠ(D) dumu-níta 168. nu-dab5-me 169. (. . . .) ì-dab5 170. (ki?) ur-mes-ta?

171. šu+níĝin AŠ(D) dumu-níta 172. šu+níĝin (. . . .) 173. šu+níĝin (. . . .) 174. šu+níĝin (. . . .) 175. šu+níĝin šeš-tab-ba 176. šu+níĝin dumu-aš dumu-níta 177. šu+níĝin 2 dumu-níta 178. nu-dab5-me 179. nu-bànda-gu4 ì-dab5

180. šu+níĝin AŠ(D) engar 181. šu+níĝin AŠ(D) (šeš?-tab?-ba?) 182. EN×MAŠ-kak-me 183. šu+níĝin AŠ(D) engar 184. šu+níĝin AŠ(D) dumu-níta 185. šu+níĝin dumu-aš dumu-níta 186. nu-dab5-me 187. šu+níĝin 5(D) engar 188. šu+níĝin 3 dumu-níta 189. šu+níĝin dumu-aš dumu-níta 190. šu+níĝin 6 dumu-níta 191. šu+níĝin DIŠ ĝuruš šu-gi4

192. árad-(me) 193. engar-me 194. šu+níĝin (n) ĝuruš 195. šu+níĝin (n?) dumu-níta 196. 1.0.0. dumu-aš dumu-níta 197. šu+níĝin 6 dumu-níta 198. nu-dab5-me 199. šu+níĝin 20(OO) ĝuruš

X

200. šu+níĝin AŠ(D) dumu-níta 201. šu+níĝin DIŠ dumu-aš dumu-níta 202. šu+níĝin 6 dumu-níta 203. šu+níĝin 1 ĝuruš šu-gi4 204. árad-me 205. šà-gu4-me 206. šu+níĝin AŠ(D) nagar 207. šu+níĝin AŠ(D) dumu-níta 208. nu-dab5-me 209. šu+níĝin 2(D) ĝuruš 210. šu+níĝin AŠ(D) dumu-níta 211. a-NE?ki-me 212. árad-me 213. šu+níĝin 12 ĝuruš zàḫ 214. BLANK SPACE 215. BLANK SPACE 216. kurum7-aka dib-ba 217. ĝìri-se11-ga gu4-apin?- ~(10?) 218. lugal-igi-ḫuš ~ dub-sar-gu4-kam 219. ur-mes énsi 220. ĝìri dšára-kam dub- ~sar-gu4-10 221. ù (ĝìri ) ur-den- ~gal-du-du ~ šagina 222. iti šu-ĝara(-gal) u4-30-ba- ~(ra-zal) 223. mu en-dnana-kar- ~zi-da ba-ḫulu

356 D.I. Owen Commentary l.1. (D) indicates a rounded AŠ. The name Lugal-igiḫuš is rather common at

other sites but never as a scribe. It appears at Iri-Saĝrig for the first time. While nu-bànda-gu4 is common in the archive, nu-bànda-gu4-10 is less so. Cf. Nisaba 15/2 305: 15.

l.9. For this deity associated with the netherworld, perhaps a river god, cf. Nisa-ba 15/1, 555 fn. 563 and Frayne – Stuckey 2016, s.v. A temple to this god ex-isted in Iri-Saĝrig.

l.10. There is a Šu-Enlil nu-bànda in Nisaba 15/2 1080:7 but the text is from an unidentified site. Although there are many nu-bànda-gu4 known from the published texts (Nisaba 15/1, 451–452 s.v.), Šu-Enlil is not among them.

l.11. Mama-tillassu occurs in the archive for the first time. l.14. Perhaps the same farmer mentioned in Nisaba 15/2 953: 35 (IS 3/iii/-), a

large text listing the household of Nin-saga, daughter of Ur-mes, governor of Iri-Saĝrig; a further indication of the connection of this text with the house-hold of Ur-mes.

l.15. A Šu-dIštaran is well known from the archive albeit without patronymic. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 529 s.v.

l.16. The name Kuku occurs only once in the archive as a sukal dub-sar, Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 85 s.v.

l.17. For Šu-Erra, cf. Nisaba 15/1, 480 s.v. l.18. For Dadani, cf. Nisaba 15/1, 527 s.v. l.20. The name Puzur4-ku-bi is new to the corpus. l. 22. Idi-ilum is a very common name in the archive. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 490 s.v. l.28. Adad-tillassu appears here for the first time in the archive. l.31. The field is not otherwise attested. The name a-ma-DU10 is new to the cor-

pus. l.32. While the name Mat-ili is well attested at Iri-Saĝrig (Nisaba 15/1, 508 s.v.),

a field by that name is not otherwise attested.–– l.34. Dadda appears in the archive as a scribe and as a sweeper, clearly different

people. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 480 s.v. l.35. Mumue occurs once as a herdsman at Iri-Saĝrig, perhaps the same person.

Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 510 s.v. l.36. Šu-Nisaba is occasionally attested in the archive. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 530 s.v. l.43. Nura’a appears only once in the archive as a physician, probably a different

person. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 513 s.v. l.44. Balulu in an unpublished Iri-Saĝrig text dated to AS 8/vii/- (Ozaki). l.48. The name is new to the corpus. l.58. An Imtalik, a herdsman, appears once in the archive in Nisaba 15/2 514: 23,

perhaps the same person. l.59. For Šarrum-Naru, cf. Nisaba 15/1, 525 s.v. l.60. The name is new to the corpus.


l.67. The name is new to the corpus. l.75. The name is new to the corpus. l.79. Written La-al-ku-tá in Nisaba 15/2 164: 57 and 1074: 65’. l.83. For Lulu cf. Nisaba 15/1, 503 s.v. l.87. A Puzur-Keš occurs only once in the archive. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 518 s.v. l.88. Presumably the same name as Ad-mu-um for which cf. Nisaba 15/1, 472 s.v. l.89. The name dan-šar-ru-um is new to the corpus. On i-ṭur-ilum cf. Nisaba

15/1492 sub I-túr-ilum. l.93. The name is new to the corpus. l.94. The name occurs only once in Nisaba 15/2 920: 7. l.101. The name occurs only twice, once as a royal messenger and once as a bar-

ber. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 473 s.v. l.107. See above, line 94. l.109. The name ì-lí-me-ti occurs only twice, once as a royal messenger and once

as a general. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 494 s.v. The name árad-da-ni is new to the cor-pus.

l.110. Perhaps to be equated with the hapax, Šu-na-bi? ugula, in Nisaba 15/2 165: ii 16.

l.111. See above, line 20. l.112. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 529 s.v. l.114. Name read previously in Nisaba 15/2 953: iii, 33, 951: rev. i, 8, and 952,

misread as ge6- dàš-gi5. l.122. The name Bulalum appears only three times, twice as a royal messenger,

in Nisaba 15/1, 479 s.v. l.127. There are various individuals named Kurbilak in the archives. Cf. Nisaba

15/1, 501 s.v. l.139. The name is new to the corpus. l.141. For this name, cf. van de Mieroop 1986, 46, no. 16: 7; 61, no. 25: 4. l.144. The name is new to the corpus, but occurs at Umma. l.146. Ab-ba occurs infrequently in the archive as a scribe and as a smith, obvi-

ously not the same individual. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 472 s.v. l.159. For “prostitutes” at Iri-Saĝrig, cf. Nisaba 15/1, 435 fn. 836. l.161. The name a-lí-a-ḫa-ti is new to the corpus. l.217. Plow-oxen attendants occur in Nisaba 15/2 292: 4 (ŠS 4/vi-xii/-), where

Lugal-igiḫuš is the šabra and the ĝìri-official is Ur-mes, the governor, also in 918: 32 (IS 2/-/-).

l.221. Little is known of the career of Ur-Engaldudu but he occurs often as a ĝìri-official at Iri-Saĝrig, likely his home town. Cf. Nisaba 15/1, 538 s.v. It is perhaps interesting to note that the divine name, Engaldudu, “Great Lord who Travels About”, (Frayne – Stuckey 2016, s.v.) is used only in this per-sonal name (with and without diĝir, BDTNS/CDLI, passim) and is found in-dependently without diĝir in the Puzriš-Dagan text, Sigrist 1991, no. 232: 2

358 D.I. Owen where he receives 5 gur of barley, and in the field name, ĝeškiri6-En-gal-du-du (Lafont 1985a, no. 263: 4, de Genouillac 1912, no. 5154: 9). An offering of 1 lamb to this god (with diĝir) is found in only a single fragmentary Puzriš-Dagan text, Lafont 1985b, no. 184: 2’ (= Legrain, TRU 408).

Bibliography

Brunke, H. 2011: Essen in Sumer – Metrologie, Herstellung und Terminologie nach Zeugnis der Ur-III-zeitlichen Wirtschaftsurkunden. München.

Cagni, L. – Pettinato, G. 1976: La collezione del Pontificio Istituto Biblico – Roma. La collezione della Collegiata dei SS. Pietro e Orso – Aosta. MVN 4. Roma.

Cohen, M. 2015: Festivals and Calendars of the Ancient Near East. Bethesda. de Genouillac, H. 1912: Inventaire des tablettes de Tello conservées au Musée Impérial

Ottoman, III. Textes de l’époque d’Ur. Deuxième partie. ITT 3. Paris. Delaporte, L.J. 1912: Inventaire des tablettes de Tello conservées au Musée Impérial Ot-

toman, IV: Textes de l’époque d’Ur (Fouilles d’Ernest de Sarzec en 1898 et 1900). ITT 4. Paris.

Frayne, D.R. – Stuckey, J.H. 2016: A Handbook of Gods and Goddesses of the Ancient Near East: Three Thousand Deities of Anatolia, Syria, Israel, Sumer, Babylonia, As-syria, and Elam. Bethesda.

Garfinkle, S. 2012: Entrepreneurs and Enterprise in Early Mesopotamia. CUSAS 22. Be-thesda.

Heimpel, W. 2009: Workers and Construction Work at Garšana. CUSAS 5. Bethesda. Lafont, B. 1985a: Documents Administratifs Sumeriéns provenant du site de Tello et

conservés aux Musée du Louvre. Paris. Lafont, B. 1985b: Relecture des Tablette de L. Legrain, «Les Temps des Rois d’Ur».

ASJ 7, 65–188. Maeda, T. 1987: Some Ur III Texts in the British Museum. ASJ 9, 323–345. Owen, D.I. et alii 2007: The Garšana Archives. CUSAS 3. Bethesda. Owen, D.I. et alii 2009: Analytical Concordance to the Garšana Archives. CUSAS 4.

Bethesda. Owen, D.I. 2011 (ed.): Garšana Studies. CUSAS 6. Bethesda. Owen, D.I. 2013: Cuneiform Texts Primarily from Iri-Saĝrig / Al-Šarrākī and the History

of the Ur III Period. Nisaba 15/1–2. Bethesda. Ozaki, T. 2015–2016 (in press): Review of D. Owen, Nisaba 15. AfO 53. Pettinato, G. 1977: Testi economici di Lagaš del Museo di Istanbul. Parte I: La. 7001–

7600. MVN 6. Roma. Sigrist, M. 1991: Documents from Tablet Collections in Rochester New York. Bethesda. Sigrist, M. – Ozaki, T. 2016 (forthcoming): Tablets from the Museum of the Bible in

Washington, DC. Leiden. Steinkeller, P. 2013: Corvée Labor in Ur III Times. In: S. Garfinkle – M. Molina (eds.),

From the 21st Century B.C. to the 21st Century A.D. Proceedings of the International Conference on Sumerian Studies Held in Madrid 22–24 July 2010. Winona Lake, 347–424.

Stol, M. 2012: Bitumen in Ancient Mesopotamia. The Textual Evidence. BiOr 69, 48–60.


van de Mieroop, M. 1986: Tūram-ilī: An Ur III Merchant. JCS 38, 1–80. Wilcke, C. 1972: Der aktuelle Bezug der Sammlung der sumerischen Tempelhymnen

und ein Fragment eines Klageliedes. ZA 62, 35–61. Figures

Fig 1. Text no. 6 (CUNES 58-05-027)

360 D.I. Owen

Fig. 2. Text no. 7 (CUNES 58-01-065)


Fig. 3. Text no. 8 (CUNES 58-05-024)

362 D.I. Owen

Fig. 4. Text no. 9 (CUNES 58-05-004)

Date post:	08-Dec-2023
Category:	Documents
Upload:	cornell
View:	0 times
Download:	0 times