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Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution greatly increased _________ of machine-made ___________ that began in _____________ in the middle 1700s.
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Agricultural Revolution
Wealthy landowners buy land from village farmers and form enclosures (large fields)
Small farmers move to the cities or become tenant farmers
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Reasons the I.R. Begins in England
More food -> bigger pop. -> more factory workers -> increased demand for cloth
water power and coal = run the machines
Iron ore = make machinesRivers = transport Harbors = tradeBank loans + good
banking system Political stability =
parliament encouraged business ventures
Factors of production -> land, labor, capital (wealth)
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Inventions (textiles)
Power loom speeds weaving
Cotton gin = remove seeds from cotton
They are big and need water power = factories by rivers
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Industrialization is the ___________ in machine-made ____________.
______________ was/were an important result of the Agricultural Revolution because ____________.
The Industrial Revolution could not have occurred without ___________ because ___________.
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1az9qIi8PCs
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Journal
1. When the Industrial Revolution began where was the region’s port?
2. Why were people from Liverpool upset with Manchester when the ship canal was built?
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Think About
The factory system changed the way people lived and worked, introducing a variety of changes and problems.
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Industrialization Changes Lives
Higher wages in factories
Buy better clothesUrbanization – city
building and the movement of people to cities
Factories are built next to each other -> need to be close to sources of energy
London = 1 million people (1800)
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Living Conditions
No sanitary or building codes
No drainsCholeraNo building codesFew policemenLow life expectancy
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Working Conditions
14 hours x 6 days a week Same task over and overCoal mines were the worstWhat else was dangerous about factories?
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Who Made Money?
Upper class = factory owners, merchants, and bankers become wealthier than landowners
Middle class Upper = doctors, lawyers, managers of
factories Lower = skilled workers (toolmakers,
printers)Lower/working class = factory workers
riot as the are replaced by machines
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Positive Effects
JobsWealthier countriesTechnological progressHope of improvement for peopleHealthier dietsCheaper clothesMiddle class = demand for engineers and
managersLower class = gradual improvement ->
higher wages and better working conditions
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Positive Long-Term Effects
Consumer goods are cheap Living and working conditions improveTax money = govt. has money to improve
cities
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U.S.
Rivers, coal, iron ore, a large population
Americans are creative after British blockade
British mill worker (Samuel Slater) emigrates to America and “smuggles” design of a spinning machine
Textile industry in Lowell, Massachusetts
Job opportunities for women
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Expansion of U.S. Industry
Inventions (electric light bulb and telephone)Urban populationRailroads
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Continental Europe
Not as advanced because of Napoleonic WarsBelgium
Iron ore, coal, waterways Brits sneak in and start companies
Germany Some regions were industrialized Bismarck and railroads help unite the country
Only regions in other countries industrializedFrance – more controlledBad roads and mountains in Spain and Austria-
Hungary
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World Balance of Power Changes
Industrialized countries become wealthier
They compete with one another
Less developed parts of Asia/Africa become poorer
Poor countries supply raw materials and buy products
Imperialism – one country taking over another – develops – for resources