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MIT OpenCourseWarehttp://ocw.mit.edu
16.982 Bio-Inspired StructuresSpring 2009
For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: http://ocw.mit.edu/terms .
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Leo Daniel Ph.D. MLK Visiting Professor
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Why Take This Course? Bio Inspired Struc
Course Objective-
You will learn about: -
Bio-Inspired Morphing Structures
Bio-Ins ired Nano Structures
Bio-Inspired Intelligent Structures
Novel Bio-Inspired Device Concepts
This course will help you to: Use Bio-Structures for Engineering Design
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h f l l
Required text: There is no basic text book for the course due to the interdisciplinnature
of the topics covered. Course handouts, suggested reading, and prfrom invited guest speakers covers most lecture to a er a s e ec on n ec an ca es gn, c ae s y, sev er,
Optional Material:
Stealing Ideas from Nature, JFV Vincent, Springer, 2001
Biomimetic Synthesis of Nanoparticles. InEncyc ope ia o InorganicChemistry Slocik,J.M.; Knecht, M.R.; John Wiley and Sons Lt
New York NY 2005
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GRADING
The research proposal should:i) Summarize the state of knowledge of the topic, ii) Identify critical unresolved science and/or technol iii) Propose specific new research, for a 3 year period
these critical issues.
g
You will prepare a literature review on a topic related to bioinspired structures.
Confirm the topic area of the literature review with the course instructors andsubmit to me by Lec #7.
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GRADING
The proposal text should be organized as follows:
1. Cover Page (with title of proposal and names of c .
3. Introduction and Background (7-10 pages).
5. Proposed Research (10 pages)
.
g
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GRADING
The grade will be as follows: ,
25% for quizzes, and
literature review, to be conducted on at the end of the s
The presentations must be prepared as power point
g
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Tentative Invited Guest Speakers
Professor Mary Boyce, MITMECHE
Professor Christine Ortiz, MIT, Materials
Professor Paul Lagace, MIT, Aero-AstroProfessor Brian Wardle, MIT, Aero-Astro
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Fossil image and artist rendering of archaeopteryx lithographica removed due to copyright restrictions.Reece, Jane, and Neil Campbell. Biology . 6th ed. San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings, 2001. ISBN: 9780805366242.
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Artist renderings of archaeopteryx lithographica removed due to copyright restrictions.
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Natural selection played important role in refining thewings. Type of habitat a flying animal lives in and the
way it exploits that habitat are closely related to itsbody size, wing form, flight style, and flight energetics.
Image by hickoryhollow113 on Flickr.Image from FirstPeople.us .
Image by wwarby on Flickr.
Image by Lip Kee on Flickr.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/hannah_hill/3552339577/http://www.firstpeople.us/pictures/eagles/1024x768/Bald-Eagle-Fearsome-Flight-1024x768.htmlhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/wwarby/3302574437/http://www.flickr.com/photos/lipkee/1728699469/http://www.flickr.com/photos/wwarby/3302574437/http://www.flickr.com/photos/lipkee/1728699469/http://www.flickr.com/photos/hannah_hill/3552339577/http://www.firstpeople.us/pictures/eagles/1024x768/Bald-Eagle-Fearsome-Flight-1024x768.html8/12/2019 Bio Inspired Structures
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Figure by MIT OpenCourseWare.
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History of flight
Icarus (Greek mythology)
Leonardo Da Vinci observed birds fortwenty years and designed bird-like flying
machine.
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Wright Brothers (Dec. 17, 1903)
Before their successful flight, they observedbirds to study their mechanisms of flight. Theydetermined they needed to adjust the angle atthe end of their wings for control, mimicking howbirds bend their outer feathers. In order to
achieve angle adjustment, they used amechanical wing warping method. Through aseries of wires and pulleys they were able tocontrol their airplane. As aviation progressedailerons, rudders, and elevators replaced theWright brothers method of pulling wires.
Diagram of Wright Brothers flyer removed due to copyright restrictions.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/wright/flye-nf.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/wright/flye-nf.html8/12/2019 Bio Inspired Structures
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Images removed due to copyright restrictions.
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Smart Joint Mechanism A DepartureFrom Biology
Figure by MIT OpenCourseWare.
Inspired by shore bird morphing wingstudies and energetic inefficiencies, the Smart
Joint will provide actuation and an actively rigidstructural member in a low p profile envelop pewithout the need for tendon actuators
Compos ite of SMA, SMP, nichrome todecouple heating
SMA-actuated,tendon basedtendon based
deflections
SMPRigid skeleton SMA corecoreactuation
Three step heating/cooling process to transitionbetween cooled states
Figure 6 from http://lims.mae.cornell.edu/projects/
batwin s.html
Figure 5 from http://lims.mae.cornell.edu/projects/
batwings.html
Images removed due tocopyright restrictions.
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Diamond. Each carbon atom is bonded to
four others in a tetrahedral fashion.
C60 Buckyball.
Biomimetics and nanotechnology
Graphite. The ball and stick model ofgraphite indicates the closely-packednature of the carbon atoms. The layers
of carbon in graphite are 335 pm apart,approximately twice as long as the C-CFigure by MIT OpenCourseWare. bond distance of 142 pm.
Carbon nanotube.The molecules vary inlength from a fewnanometers to amicrometer or more.
Images courtesy of Open Chemistry
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Natural Multifunctional Material: An Example
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Bio Inspired Structure Grand Challenge
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CHALLENGES
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Bio Structure: Power Fibers
Images of PowerFiber from http://www.darpa.mil/dso/thrusts/matdev/smfm/itn.html removed due to copyright restrictions.
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Autophagous Self-consuming) Structure
Image removed due to copyright restrictions.