Atmosphere Monitoring
Copernicus EU
Copernicus EU www.copernicus.eu
Copernicus EU
CAMSCOPERNICUS ATMOSPHERE
MONITORING SERVICE
Vincent-Henri Peuch (ECMWF)
Copernicus
W H A T I S C O P E R N I C U S ?
• Copernicus is a flagship Space programme of the European Union
– to monitor the Earth, its environment and ecosystems
– to ensure its citizens are prepared and protected for security risks
and natural or man-made environmental risks and disasters
• Copernicus as user-driven Programme
• It has full, free and open to all data policy
• Is a tool for economic development and a driver for the digital
economy
• Initiated in 1998, Copernicus became operational in 2014. Budget for
2014-2020 was 4.3 B€. Foreseen budget for 2021-2027 is 5.8 B€.
Copernicus
THE COPERNICUS SENTINELSKey Features
SENTINEL-1: 4-40m resolution, 3 day revisit at equator
Polar-orbiting, all-weather, day-and-night radar imaging
S1A and 1B in orbit
SENTINEL-2: 10-60m resolution, 5 days revisit time
S2A and 2B in orbit
Polar-orbiting, multispectral optical, high-resolution imaging
SENTINEL-3: 300-1200m resolution, <2 days revisit
S3A and S3B in orbit
Optical and altimeter mission monitoring sea and land parameters
SENTINEL-4: 8km resolution, 60 min revisit time
1st Launch 2022
Payload for atmosphere chemistry monitoring on MTG-S
SENTINEL-5p: 7-68km resolution, 1 day revisit
S5P in orbitMission to reduce data gaps between ENVISAT, and Sentinel 5
SENTINEL-5: 7.5-50km resolution, 1 day revisit
1st Launch 2023
Payload for atmosphere chemistry monitoring on MetOp 2ndGen
SENTINEL-6: 10 day revisit time
1st Launch 2020
Radar altimeter to measure sea-surface height globally
Copernicus
W H Y I N F O R M AT I O N S E R V I C E S AR E N E E D E D ?
Example: NO2 tropospheric column from Copernicus Sentinel-5P (11/09/2019)
Observations are essential, but direct use is generally limited:• gaps in space and time• observed quantities may not be
directly relevant (vertical column vs nose-level concentration)
• Complex and numerous
What services do:• blend observations (satellite and
non satellite) with model to provide a consistent “picture”
• forecasts, some days ahead• reanalyses over past years, decades
6 C O P E R N I C U S T H E M AT I C S E R V I C E S
AtmosphereMonitoring
W H Y M O N I T O R I N G AT M O S P H E R I C C O M P O S I T I O N ?
from D. Jacob
AtmosphereMonitoring
L E T C AM S D O T H E H E AV Y W E I G H T L I F T I N G
A N D P U B L I C / C O M M E R C I A L U S E R S R U N T H E L A S T M I L E
AtmosphereMonitoring
London Old Street Roadside
station
Islington Arsenal Urban Background station
R U N N I N G T H E L A S T M I L E : W H AT D O E S T H I S M E A N ?
CAMS forecasts this Add this for local forecasts
AtmosphereMonitoring
CAMS SERVICE CHAIN
Space Agencies In-situ observations
National scale
15
C A M S V A L U E - A D D I N G C H A I N
ECMWF/IFS
7+2 regional CTMs
AtmosphereMonitoring
Solar radiation and UV index
Ozone layer
Bottom-up
emissions and
surface fluxes of
greenhouse gases
Global analyses, forecasts and
reanalyses (2003-...)
NO2
European Air
Quality and
products in
support of
policy users
Climate forcings
atmosphere.copernicus.euC AM S D ATA I S F U L LY O P E N AN D F R E E - O F - C H AR G E
AtmosphereMonitoring
C A M S G L O B A L A N D R E G I O N A L F O R E C A S T S
• Twice daily (based 00, 12) global analyses and forecasts up to +5 days, 40km resolution
• Daily (based 00) European analyses and forecasts up to +4 days, 10 km
• Delayed mode (4 day behind) global analyses and forecasts of CO2
and CH4, 9kmCAMS global and regional forecasts seen in the highly successful Windy app and website
AtmosphereMonitoring
F R O M T H E G R O U N D A N D U P T O T H E S T R AT O S P H E R E
The 2019 ozone hole has started earlier than usual and it has been developing at a much slower pace than usual and is already showing sings of closing up (more than a month in advance). The 2019 ozone hole might be the smallest ever recorded.
Model performance against independent sondes is excellent so far.
AtmosphereMonitoring
N O W A N D B A C K T O 2 0 0 3
The CAMS global reanalysis covers the period 2003 to end 2017 (2018 available soon). It is a marked improvement over our previous datasets (MACC reanalysis and CAMS interim reanalysis).
CIRA (2003-2016)
MACCRA (2003-2012)
CAMSRA (2003-2016)
4.49 ± 5.04 2.99 ± 3.02 -0.54 ± 2.95
4.55 ± 4.50 7.30 ± 4.42 1.96 ± 5.06
Evaluation of total column CO
Eval
uat
ion
of
Aer
oso
l Op
tica
l Dep
th
bias
bias
AtmosphereMonitoring
D O C U M E N TAT I O N & Q U AL I T Y C O N T R O L
CAMS provides detailed information about how its products are produced and what the quality is
AtmosphereMonitoring
Individual operational AQ models
C AM S E U R O P E AN A I R Q U AL I T Y P O R T F O L I O
Based on a multi-model approach (same boundary conditions, same emissions, same meteo, assimilation of 1000+ surface observations for key species)
DEHM (AARHUS University)
GEM-AQ (IEP)
MINNI (ENEA)
MONARCH (BSC)
Operational AQ ensemble(incl. spread/uncertainty)
• Once daily D+4 forecasts
• Regulatory pollutants and pollens
• Annual reanalyses
• ~ 10km resolutionhttp://regional.atmosphere.copernicus.eu
AtmosphereMonitoring
NO2
AtmosphereMonitoring
H I G H Q U A L I T Y P R O D U C T S AT T H E S C A L E O F E U R O P E
Ozo
ne
NO
2
AtmosphereMonitoring
W H E R E D O E S P O L L U T I O N C O M E F R O M ?
Brussels
A N D W H AT I S I T M A D E O F ?
http://policy.atmosphere.copernicus.eu/DailySourceAllocation.html
AtmosphereMonitoring
T A K E C O N T R O L O F T H E A T M O S P H E R E !
What happens today if emissions
from agriculture are cut by 50%?
What happens today if emissions from traffic are cut by 50%?
http://policy.atmosphere.copernicus.eu/CAMS_ACT.html
AtmosphereMonitoring
P O L L E N F O R E C A S T S : R A G W E E D
CAMS provides forecasts of 4 different types of pollen: birch, grass, olive, ragweed (ambrosia). The ragweed pollen season is currently on-going.
CAMS daily maximum forecast15 September 2018
AtmosphereMonitoring
C A M S B O T T O M - U P E M I S S I O N S
Emissions are both an input to CAMS global and regional systems and a popular product. Entirely new datasets have been released covering 2003 to 2019 (extrapolation). Example: CO2 emissions from shipping activities (provider: FMI, Finland).
AtmosphereMonitoring
Greenhouse gas fluxes (CO2, CH4, N2O)
Solar radiation
Climate forcings
S U P P L E M E N T A R Y P R O D U C T S
AtmosphereMonitoring
C AM S : B I G D ATA F O R L O C AL AP P L I C AT I O N S
CAMS expert
Expert user
Downstream applications
CAMS provides big data with the corresponding technical and scientific expertise to support expert users.In doing so, we allow the CAMS information to reach millions of users in and outside Europe.
AtmosphereMonitoring
C A M S U S E R S ’ S E G M E N T : S O L A R T E C H N O L O G I E S
© BMU
© BMU
© DLR
© BMU
© BMU
© TSK Flagsol
Acknowledgement:M. Schroedter-Homscheidt (DLR)
AtmosphereMonitoring
T H E C A M S S O L A R R A D I A T I O N S E R V I C E
Supporting:• the investorIs it worth investing here?...
• the engineerWhat is the optimum engineeringsolution?...
• the grid operatorWhat is the best grid extensionapproach for the future with larger solar shares?...
• and many other usersGreenhouses, plastics aging, UV and health…
AtmosphereMonitoring
26
W H I C H G R O U N D S T A T I O N C A N I U S E ?
There are public ground
observations. Now, I got
approval to build a power plant
somewhere else. Do I need to
measure again?
Will my investor wait several
years?
Planned site(Upington)
VAN
SUT
UpingtonVAN
UpingtonSUT
© DLR
AtmosphereMonitoring
27
T H I S I S N O T A J O K E
A user being responsible for two large PV systems noted substantialdifferences in the energy yields…
Project developper: Not our fault – different meteorological and radiation conditions... But conditions (both irradiances and extended cloud statisticson frequency of cloud types, duration of cloud...) were in fact very similaraccording to CAMS for both locations.
Based on that argument of the owner, the PV system developer went back on the field (costly) and found… a cabling error in one of the systems.
B U T A R E A L C O M PA N Y C O N F I D E N T I A L C A S E
AtmosphereMonitoring
U S E C A S E : M O N T O I T S O L A I R E F O R T H E C I T Y O F T O U L O U S E
“Mon Toit Solaire” provides a web-based decision support system for the development of rooftop photovoltaic solar panels. CAMS provides the satellite-based time series of available solar radiation for the specific location.
(France)
AtmosphereMonitoring
C A M S : A M A I N S T R E A M I N F O S O U R C E O N A I R Q U A L I T Y
Breezometer
Plume Labs
aqcin
CAMS products are now reaching ~100s of million people worldwide
Coming up next month, worldwide daily bulletins
AtmosphereMonitoring
C A M S PA R T N E R S W I T H K E Y I N S T I T U T I O N S
https://public.wmo.int/en/our-mandate/focus-areas/environment/ozone
WMO’s public website features some headline CAMS forecasts since July 2018.
EEA provides information about air quality observed by Member States across Europe in the
last 48h and forecast from CAMS for the next 72h. Seamless integration in progress.
http://discomap.eea.europa.eu/map/AQI/ViewerCAMS/
AtmosphereMonitoring
S O C I A L M E D I A I M PA C T : F I R E S I N A M A Z O N I A
AtmosphereMonitoring
R E C E N T M E D I A H I G H L I G H T S
CAMS: a truly European effort133 entities from 28 EU/ECMWF countries> 50 contracts> 10-year heritage (GEMS, MACC/MACC-II/MACC-III…)
Picture: 3rd CAMS General Assembly (Lisbon, 2018)