Canada in the Roaring
Twenties
Economy
Economy Canada’s Primary Industries:
“Staple” exports: Wheat, Mining, Pulp & Paper Hydro Electricity
Big Three American Auto Companies: Ford Chrysler General Motors
Canadian economy tied to US; relies heavily on US trade and US companies (manufacturing)
20’s Culture
20’s Culture Consumerism / Materialism Rejection of traditional values ->
music, dancing, women, failure of prohibition
Surrealist Art Emily Carr Group of Seven
The age of the radio The emergence of fame and
celebrity (Hollywood)
Prohibition
Prohibition Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)
Successfully lobby for prohibition “Vote Dry” / “Vote Wet” Didn’t last long in Canada
Rum-Running: West Coast to Washington, Oregon, Cali…; Great Lakes to Chicago
Al Capone
Women in the 20’s
Women in the 20’s
Political and Legal RightsAgnes Macphail: 1st woman MP (Member of Parliament) 1921Nellie McClung, Emily Murphy*, and the Famous Five
Emily Murphy = 1st woman judge, 1916 Male colleagues not too happy, she is discriminated
against; women can’t serve in Senate British North America Act (BNA Act 1867): “Only
qualified ‘Persons’ may serve” “Persons” Case 1929 – a victory for women
SocietyFlappers
Non-conservative clothing Short hair Beginnings of social liberation
Aboriginals Poor social and
economic conditions on Reserves
Policy of assimilation
Residential Schools
Potlatch Aboriginal title (land
claims)
Immigrants & Minorities Immigrants from Russia and Eastern
Europesuspected of being “socialist
revolutionaries” Immigration from Asia severely
restricted African immigrants discouraged W.A.S.P (White Anglo-Saxon and
Protestant) During early 20s govt. adopted
immigrationrestrictions, preference to GB and US,
wheneconomy improved (1925) this
changed Anti-Semitism
In your groups: craft a thesis for the framing essay question. 5 min max.
Great DepressionThe Dirty Thirties
Laissez-Faire capitalism – “Let Do / Let it be” = little government intervention in the economy
Supply & Demand From Boom to Bust to Depression
October 29, 1929 Stock Market Crash (Black Tuesday)
New York, Montreal, Toronto Worldwide depression is “made in America”
Black Tuesday, Oct 29, 1929
Causes1.Overproduction2.Reliance on staple exports3.Canada too reliant on USA4.Black Tuesday market crash – over speculation,
buying on margin5.Protectionism and Tariffs
- Tariffs = taxes on foreign goods entering the country
- You protect your own industry by taxing foreign competition (protectionism)
6.Debt from WWI
1.Todd Bertuzzi was a vicious and violent player.2.The punch was retaliation for a hit Moore had
laid on one of Bertuzzi’s teammates the prior game.
3.Coach Marc Crawford had encouraged his players to hurt Moore
4.The incident was a result of the violent culture in the NHL.
5.The incident was caused by the removal of the instigator rule.
Underlying or Immediate Cause?