Presenter
Safdar khan Roll No. 181Department of Management Sciences
Denotation, Connotation and predicables
Denotation is the dictionary
definition of a term. It is the basic
meaning of a word, what a
term means.
In the others words, The
Denotation of a term consists of the
individual things or objects to which
the term can be applied.
Denotation
Connotation is the emotions, thoughts,
images, and associations attached to a
word.
Terms can have positive, negative, or even
neutral connotations. It all depends on the
context, how and where the word is used.
Connotation
In the others words, the
connotation of a term consists of
the qualities necessarily
possessed by the objects
denoted by the term.
Connotation……
For examples The Denotation of a
term ‘man’ consists of all the
individual things called ‘men’---of all
things to which the term ‘man’ can
be applied.
While its connotation consists of the
attributes of ‘animality’ and
‘rationality’ implied by it and
possessed by all men
Examples
As we know that, the proposition
consists of subject and predicate.
Now, the relation in which the
predicate stands to the subject is
called predicable.
predicables
There are five different ways in which a
predicate may be related to its subject.
Genus
species
Differentia
Property (or proprium)
Accident (or accidence)
predicables…..
The larger class which includes a smaller class in
denotation is called Genus.
The smaller class, which is so included is called
Species
For example, “animal” is a wide class which
includes the smaller class “man”
Hence ‘animal’ is Genus and the ‘man’ is
Species
Genus and species
Differentia means the attribute or attributes
which a species possesses in excess of the
connotation of its genus.
For example ‘rationality’ is the differentia
of man, as it distinguishes ‘man’ from it
genus ‘animal’
Differentia
A property is a quality or attribute
which does not form part of
connotation of a term but necessarily
follows from it.
For example, a triangle has its
three angles equal to two right
angles and its two sides greater than
the Third
property
An accident is a quality which neither forms
part of a the connotation of a term nor follows
from it.
It means that which happens accidently and
Has no necessary connection with the nature of
a thing.
For example, the colour of a man is an
accident.
He may be Black or white.
Accident